Unit 3 Be Active and Healthy!-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第二册（冀教版）

Unit 3 Be Active and Healthy! 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： nowadays sedentary beer sufficient illustrate shock diabetes button engine rural transportation boxing champion escape lung oxygen ignore tissue slim reduce prevent aerobics 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 sedentary 释义：adj.久坐不动的 /'sedntri/ 词汇变形：sedentariness(n)久坐不动；sedentarily(adv) 搭配：sedentary lifestyle久坐不动的生活方式；sedentary work案 头工作；lead a sedentary life过着久坐的生活；sedentary behavior 久坐行为 辨析：sedentary特指长时间坐着；inactive泛指不活跃（可因任何 原因)：1azy带贬义（懒惰） 例句：Many office workers lead a sedentary lifestyle 许多办公室职员过着久坐不动的生活方式。 Sedentary behavior is linked to various health risks. 久坐行为与多种健康风险有关。 sufficient 释义：adj.足够的 /sa'fifint/ 词汇变形：sufficiency(m)充足；sufficiently(adv,)足够地 搭配：be sufficient for sth.对…足够；be sufficient to do sth.足够 做某事；sufficient evidence充分证据 辨析：enough可放名词前后，更口语化；sufficient较正式； adequate侧重于“刚好够”。反义词：insufficient 例句：The evidence is not sufficient to prove his guilt. 证据不足以证明他有罪。 We have sufficient food for the journey. 我们有充足的食物用于旅途。 3 illustrate 释义：v.说明，解释；给…加插图 /'lastreit/ 词汇变形：llustration)插图，说明：ustrative(adj)说明性的； illustrator(n)插画家 搭配：illustrate sth.with sth.用…说明…；illustrate a point阐 明观点：wel-illustrated插画精美的 辨析：demonstrate侧重通过演示/操作说明：show最口语化； illustrate常指用例子或图画解释 例句：The teacher used a diagram to illustrate the process. 老师用图表来说明这个过程。 This example illustrates my point perfectly. 这个例子完美地说明了我的观点。 shock 释义：v.&n.震惊；使震惊 (fok/ 词汇变形：shocked(adj)感到震惊的；shocking(adj)令人震惊的； shockingly (adv.) 搭配：be shocked at/by sth.对…感到震惊；come as a shock令人 震惊；in shock处于震惊状态：culture shock文化冲击 辨析：surprise惊讶（程度轻）；astonish使惊愕（程度中等）； hock强烈震惊（常含负面） 例句：I was shocked by his sudden resignation. 我对他突然辞职感到震惊。 The news came as a shock to everyone. 这个消息让所有人都感到震惊。 diabetes 释义：n.糖尿病 dara'biti:z/ 词汇变形：diabetic adj.糖尿病的：n.糖尿病患者 搭配：suffer from diabetes患糖尿病；type2 diabetes2型糖尿病； diabetes patients糖尿病患者 注意：不可数名词，无复数形式。常与sedentary lifestyle和 obesity相关联。 例句：He was diagnosed with diabetes last year. 他去年被诊断出患有糖尿病。 Regular exercise can help prevent diabetes. 经常锻炼有助于预防糖尿病。 6 rural 释义：adj.乡村的，农村的 /'rvaral/ 词汇变形：urality)乡村特性；urally(adv,) 搭配：ural area农村地区；ural life乡村生活；ural development 农村发展；ral population农村人口 辨析：countryside更侧重风景/田园：ural更正式，常与rban对 应。反义词：rban 例句：Many young people prefer to work in big cities rather than stay in rural areas. 许多年轻人宁愿在大城市工作也不愿留在农村。 Rural life is often quieter and more peaceful 乡村生活通常更安静、更平和。 transportation 释义：n.交通运输；交通工具 /traenspo:'teifn/ 词汇变形：transport(v.m,)运输（英式常用）；transportation(n)美 式常用 搭配：public transportation公共交通；transportation system交通系 统；means of transportation交通工具 注意：不可数名词（美式英语中常作不可数）》 例句：Public transportation in big cities is usually very convenient. 大城市的公共交通通常很方便。 The city has improved its transportation system. 这个城市改善了其交通系统。 8 escape 释义：V.&n.逃跑，逃脱：逃避 /'skeip/ 词汇变形：escapee(n)逃亡者；escapist(n)逃避现实者 搭配：escape from..从…逃跑；escape doing sth..逃避做某事；a narrow escape九死一生；escape notice未被注意 辨析：flee强调紧急逃离（动作本身)；escape强调成功逃脱（结 果) 例句：The thief managed to escape from the police. 小偷设法逃脱了警方的追捕。 He escaped being punished because of his young age. 他因为年龄小而逃过了惩罚。 ignore 释义：v.忽视，不理会 /1g'no:c)/ 词汇变形：ignorance()无知；gnorant(adj,)无知的；ignorable (adj)可忽略的 搭配：ignore sb./sth.忽视某人/某物；ignore warnings忽视警告。 辨析：overlook常指无意忽略（主观上没注意到）；ignore是有意 不理；neglect侧重于疏忽职守。反义词：notice,.pay attention to 例句：You cannot ignore the warning signs 你不能忽视警告标志。 He ignored my advice and got into trouble. 他忽略了我的建议，陷入了麻烦。 10 slim 释义：adj.苗条的，纤细的；v.变苗条 /slm/ 词汇变形：slimmer(n)减肥者；slimming(adj)使身材苗条的； slimness(n.) 搭配：slim down变苗条；slim chance渺茫的机会；keep slim保持 苗条 辨析：hin中性（可瘦得不好看）；slim褒义（匀称苗条）；skinny 贬义（皮包骨） 例句：She goes to the gym every day to keep slim. 她每天去健身房保持苗条。 He has slimmed down a lot since last year. 自从去年以来他瘦了很多。 11 reduce 释义：v.减少，缩小：降低 /rI'dju:s/ 词汇变形：reduction(n)减少；reducible(adj)可减少的：reduced (adj)减少的 搭配：reduce sth.to.…减少到…；reduce sth.by.减少了…： reduce the risk降低风险；reduce waste减少浪费 辨析：decrease可作及物/不及物；reduce通常及物；cut down on较 口语化。反义词：increase 例句：The new policy aims to reduce traffic accidents. 新政策旨在减少交通事故。 We need to reduce our expenses. 我们需要减少开支。 12 prevent 释义：v.阻止，阻碍：预防 /prI'vent/ 词汇变形：prevention(m)预防：preventive(adj,)预防的： preventable(adj.)可预防的 搭配：prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；prevent sth. (fom)happening防止某事发生；prevent diseases预防疾病 辨析：stopsb.from doing同义，但stop更口语化；avoid侧重避 开/避免；hinder侧重妨碍。谚语：Prevention is better than cure. 例句：Regular hand washing can prevent the spread of viruses. 经常洗手可以防止病毒传播。 Nothing can prevent us from achieving our goals 没有什么能阻止我们实现目标。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Sitting for long hours every day is a typical (sedentary)lifestyle that can lead to health problems. 2.The evidence is not (sufficiency)to prove his guilt,we need more facts. 3.The teacher used a diagram to (illustration)the process of photosynthesis. 4.When I heard the news,I was (shock)by his sudden resignation 5. (diabetes)patients should avoid sugary drinks and maintain regular exercise. 6.Many young people prefer to work in big cities rather than stay in (rural)areas. 7.The city has improved its public (transport)system to reduce traffic jams. 8.The thief managed (escape)from the police through the back door. 9.You cannot (ignore)the warning signs;they are there for your safety. 10.She goes to the gym every day to keep (slim)and stay healthy 11.The new policy aims (reduce)the number of traffic accidents by 20%. 12.Regular hand washing is an effective way to prevent (spread)of viruses (二)单句表达 根据汉语提示，用本单元核心词汇/短语完成句子。 1.许多办公室职员过着久坐不动的生活方式，这对健康有害。 Many office workers which is harmful to health 2我有足够的证据来说明这个观点。 I have this point 3这个消息让我非常震惊，我几乎说不出话来。 The news that I could hardly speak. 4在农村地区，公共交通不如城市那么便利。 In public transportation is not as convenient as in urban areas. 5.那辆车差点撞到行人，他算是一次死里逃生。 The car nearly hit the pedestrian;it was for him. 6忽视医生的建议可能会导致严重的后果。 may lead to serious consequences. 7为了变苗条，她决定减少晚餐的摄入量。 To she decided her dinner intake. 8预防疾病比治疗疾病更重要。 is more important than curing diseases. (三)短文填空 Nowadays,many people lead a 1 (sedentary)life due to long working hours and increased use of electronic devices.This lifestyle is a major cause of health problems such as obesity and 2 (diabetic).To 3 (illustrate)this point,a recent study showed that adults who sit for more than eight hours a day have a 4 (shock)higher risk of heart disease.The government has been taking measures to 5 (prevention)these problems.For example,they encourage people to use public 6 _(transport)instead of driving private cars.They also promote regular exercise,such as jogging or swimming,to help people 7 (slim)down.However,many people still 8 (ignore)these warnings and continue their unhealthy habits.In 9(rural)areas,the situation is somewhat different.Farmers often do physical work,which reduces the risk of chronic diseases.But as more young people move to cities,the 10_ (rural)population is aging,and their health needs more attention.Experts believe that everyone should take responsibility for their own health.Abalanced diet and 11 (sufficient)sleep are essential.With proper 12 (prevent)and awareness,we can reduce the threat of lifestyle-related diseases and enjoy a healthier life 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.sedentary;2.sufficient;3.illustrate;4.shocked;5.Diabetic;6.rural;7.transportation; 8.to escape;9.ignore;10.slim;11.to reduce;12.the spread (二)单句表达 1lead a sedentary lifestyle;2.sufficient evidence to illustrate;3.came as such a shock; 4rural areas;5.a narrow escape;6.Ignoring the doctor's advice;7.slim down,to reduce; 8.Preventing diseases (三)短文填空 1.sedentary;2.diabetes;3.illustrate;4.shocking;5.prevent;6.transportation;7.slim; 8.ignore;9.rural;10.rural;11.sufficient;12.prevention