Unit 2 Friendship-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第一册（冀教版）

Unit 2 Friendship 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： apologize gap guy band p.m.gym passive fortunately remind chat affection hug slightly struggle judge explore cafe bar forward intellectual press original stress generous congratulation protective eventually grateful type base 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 apologize 释义：v.道歉；谢罪 /a'pDlad3aiz/ 词汇变形：apology(m)道歉；apologetic(adj)道歉的； apologetically(adv,)道歉地 搭配：apologize to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉；make an apology tosb.向某人道歉；accept one's apology接受某人的道歉 辨析：apologize强调动作，apology强调名词形式。常见句型：I apologize for being late 例句：I apologized to her for my mistake passive 释义：ad.消极的：被动的 /'paesiv/ 词汇变形：passively(adv)被动地；passiveness(n.)被动；passivity .)被动性 搭配：passive voice被动语态；passive attitude消极态度；remain passive保持被动 辨析：passive强调“不主动”，与active(主动的)相对。在语法 中指被动语态。 例句：He took a passive role in the discussion 3 remind 释义：v,提醒；使想起 rI'mamd/ 词汇变形：reminder,)提醒物：提示；reminiscent(adj,使人想起 的 搭配：remind sb.ofsth.使某人想起某事；remind sb.to do sth.提醒 某人做某事；remind sb.that.提醒某人… 辨析：remind后接of表示“使想起”，接todo表示“提醒去 做”。 例句：The photo reminded me of my happy childhood, struggle 释义：n.难事：奋斗；努力v.奋斗：争取 /'strAgl/ 词汇变形：struggled(过去式)：struggling(现在分词) 搭配：struggle to do sth.努力做某事；struggle with/against与… 斗争；struggle for sth..为…而奋斗；a struggle一件难事 辨析：struggle作名词常指“艰巨的任务”，作动词强调“努力克服 困难”。 例句：He struggled to finish the project on time, judge 释义：v.判断；评判n.法官；裁判 /d3Ad3/ 词汇变形：judgment(m)判断；判决：judgmental(adj)判断的；批 判的 搭配：judge by/.fom根据…判断；judging from/by.根据…来 判断（常作独立成分）；a good judge of善于判断…的人 辨析：judge作动词时，注意不要与“评论”混淆。常见句型： Judging from his expression,he is angry 例句：Judging from his accent,he must be from the south, explore 释义：v.探索；探究；勘探 /ik'splo:(r)/ 词汇变形：exploration(n.)探索：explorer.)探险家；exploratory (adj)探索性的 搭配：explore the possibility of探索…的可能性；explore the nknown探索未知；explore a topic探讨话题 辨析：explore侧重于“实地考察或深入研究”，不同于discover (发现)的结果性。 例句：Scientists continue to explore the depths ofthe ocean. original 释义：adj.有独创性的；原来的；起初的 /'rId3anl/ 词汇变形：origin)起源；originally(adv)起初；原创地； originality(n.)独创性 搭配：originalidea独创想法；original version原始版本；in the original用原文（如原著) 辨析：original强调“最初”或“新颖”，反义词为copied/ derivativeo 例句：The original plan was to go hiking stress 释义：n.压力：重读v强调：重读 /stres/ 词汇变形：stressful(adj)有压力的；stressed(adj,)焦虑的； unstressed(adj)无重音的：轻松的 搭配：nder stress在压力下；lay/place stress on强调： stress the importance of强调…的重要性；stress out紧张不安 辨析：stress作名词可指“压力”或“重音”；作动词表示“强 调”。 例句：He is under great stress at work generous 释义：adj.慷慨的；大方的 /'d3enaras/ 词汇变形：generously(adv,)慷慨地；generosity()慷概：宽宏大 量 搭配：be generous with在…方面大方；be generous to sb.对某人 慷慨；It is generous of sb.to do sth.某人做某事真大方 辨析：generous常用于“Itis+ad.+ofsb.”结构，此类形容词多描 述人的品质。 例句：It was generous ofhim to donate all his savings.. 10 grateful 释义：adj.表示感谢的：感激的 /'grertfl/ 词汇变形：gratefully(adv,)感激地；gratitude()感激；ungrateful (adj,)不感激的 搭配：be grateful to sb.for sth.因某事感激某人；grateful feelings 感激之情；express one's gratitude表达感激 辨析：grateful后接tosb.+for sth.;类似词thankful更侧重“庆 幸”。 例句：I am grateful to you for your help 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（共12小题） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.He made a sincere (apologize)for his rude behavior 2.The teacher asked us to rewrite the sentences in the (passive)voice. 3.This photo often (remind)me ofmy happy childhood in the countryside 4.After years of (struggle),she finally succeeded in starting her own business. 5. (judge)from his accent,he must be from the south of China 6.Scientists continue to (explore)the depths of the ocean for new species. 7.The (origin)plan was to go hiking,but it rained heavily that day 8.Under great (stressful),many students tend to lose their appetite. 9.It was very (generously)ofhim to donate all his savings to the school 10.We are deeply (grate)to all the volunteers for their hard work. 11.She apologized her teacher being late for class 12.You can't judge)a book by its cover. (二)单句表达（共8小题） 根据汉语提示，用本单元核心词汇/短语完成句子。 1.我因昨天的误会向你道歉。 you the misunderstanding yesterday. 2这首歌常常让我想起多年前的那个夏天。 This song often the summer many years ago. 3.他努力克服困难，最终实现了自己的梦想。 He overcome the difficulties and finally achieved his dream 4.从她脸上的表情判断，她似乎很失望。 the expression on her face,she seemed disappointed. 5我们应该探索利用太阳能的可能性。 We should the of using solar energy. 6.老师一再强调英语口语的重要性。 The teacher laid great the importance of spoken English 7.你对我如此慷慨，真是太好了。 It is very you to be so generous with me. 8.我对你在困难时期给予我的帮助感激不尽。 I am grateful you your help during the hard times (三)短文填空（共10小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last month,I had an unforgettable experience.During the final exam,I felt under great 1 (stressful)because I had not prepared well.2 (judge)from my classmates'confidence,I knew I was in trouble.After the exam,I realized that my 3 (origin)goal was notjust to pass,but to truly understand the subject.I decided to 4 (explore)more effective learning methods.I asked my teacher for advice.She 5 (generously)shared her study tips with me and reminded me 6 (pay)attention to time management.I felt deeply 7 (grate)for her help.From then on,I began to (struggle)with every difficult problem instead ofgiving up.I also learned to make an 9 (apologize)when I made mistakes during group discussions.Now,I understand that success is not about being perfect,but about being brave enough to face challenges.I will always remember this lesson and keep moving forward,never being 10 (passive)again. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.apology;2.passive;3.reminds;4.struggle/struggling;5.Judging;6.explore; 7.original;8.stress;9.generous;10.grateful;11.to;for;12judge (二)单句表达 1.apologize to;for;2.reminds me of;3.struggled to;4.Judging from;5.explore; possibility;6.stress on;7.generous of;8.extremely very;to;for (三)短文填空 1.stress;2.Judging;3.original;4.explore;5.generously;6.to pay;7.grateful; 8.struggle;9.apology;10.passive