Unit 2 My friends (讲义）- 2026-2027学年人教PEP版英语四年级上册

本小学英语讲义聚焦“描述朋友”核心主题，系统梳理外貌词汇（tall/short等形容词，long hair/big eyes等名词）、人物名词（friend/best friend）、行为动词（read/help等），结合语音sh发音规则，构建“词汇-短语-句型-语法”学习支架，从基础描述到三单句型运用逐步进阶。 该资料以语言能力培养为核心，通过is/has用法对比、三单动词变化规则等思维训练，搭配易错点专项练习（如“is long hair”纠错）和小作文输出，提升学生语言表达与逻辑区分能力。课中辅助教师精准教学，课后助力学生自主查漏补缺，强化知识内化。

2026秋新人教PEP版四年级英语上册知识清单 Unit 2 My friends 一、核心词汇 1. 外貌形容词（描述人外形） tall 高的 short 矮的；短的 thin 瘦的 strong 强壮的 quiet 安静的 kind 友善的 funny 有趣的，爱笑的 2. 外貌名词（头发、五官） long hair 长头发 short hair 短头发 big eyes 大眼睛 small eyes 小眼睛 big ears 大耳朵 3. 人物名词 friend 朋友 best friend 最好的朋友 boy 男孩 girl 女孩 4. 行为动词（三单重点） read 阅读 help 帮助 play 玩耍 share 分享 5. 语音sh单 shell 贝壳 share 分享 she 她 fish 鱼 ship 轮船 shop 商店 English 英语 shoo 嘘 二、重点短语 （一）外貌描述短语 tall and strong 又高又壮 short and thin 又矮又瘦 long hair 长头发 short hair 短头发 （二）日常活动短语（和朋友一起做） read books 看书 play games 玩游戏 play football 踢足球 help me with English 帮我学英语 draw pictures with me 和我一起画画 make me smile 逗我笑 get along 相处融洽 share animal books 分享动物绘本 （三）基础交际短语 new friend 新朋友 best friend 最好的朋友 look and think 看一看，想一想 tell me about… 和我讲讲…… 三、核心句型（构成+用法+例句） 板块A：询问&介绍朋友（姓名、外貌） 1. Who’s your best friend? 构成：Who’s = Who is + 名词 用法：询问对方最好的朋友是谁 回答：... / My best friend is ... 例句： —Who’s your best friend? —My best friend is Chen Jie. 2. What’s your friend’s name? 构成：What’s + 名词所有格（friend’s）+ name 用法：询问朋友的名字（所有格’s 表示“……的”） 回答：His/Her name is + 人名. 例句： —What’s your friend’s name? —Her name is Liu Jia. 3. 描述身材：He/She is + 形容词（tall/thin/quiet…） 构成：主语(he/she) + be动词(is) + 外貌形容词 规则：is后只能加形容词，不能直接加名词 例句： She is tall and thin. 她又高又瘦。 He is tall and strong. 他又高又壮。 4. 描述发型/五官：He/She has + 名词（long hair/big eyes…） 构成：主语(he/she) + 实义动词has + 外貌名词 关键区分：is形容身材性格；has形容身上拥有的五官/头发 例句： She has long hair. 她留长头发。 He has short hair and big eyes. 他短头发、大眼睛。 板块B：描述朋友性格&日常行为（一般现在时三单） 5. He/She often + 动词三单… 构成：三单主语(he/she) + often + 动词+s/es 用法：描述朋友经常性、习惯性做的事 动词变化规则：一般动词直接+s read→reads help→helps play→plays 例句： She often makes me smile. 她经常逗我笑。 He often helps me with English. 他经常帮我学英语。 6. We often + 动词原形… 构成：主语we（复数）+ often + 动词原形 规则：复数主语后动词不变形 例句：We often read books together. 我们经常一起看书。 7. 询问一起做什么：What do you do together? 回答：We often + 活动. 例句： —What do you do together? —We often play football. 8. What does he look like? 用法：询问他人长什么样子 回答：He has… / He is… 例句： —What does he look like? —He has small eyes and big ears. 四、语音知识：字母组合sh 发音 /ʃ/ 发音口型：嘴唇收圆，送气，声带不震动 例词：shell, share, she, fish, ship, shop, English 课本句子朗读： I have no shell. Can we share? Shoo! Go away, Fish! 五、核心语法：一般现在时（第三人称单数） 1. 概念 描述经常性、习惯性的动作，标志词：often, always 2. 主语分类&动词规则 1）主语是I/we/you/复数人名 → 动词用原形 I play football. We read books. 2）主语是he/she/单个人名（三单主语）→ 动词+s play→plays read→reads help→helps make→makes 3. be动词区分（is / have/has） 16.is + 形容词（身材、性格） She is kind. He is quiet. 17.has + 名词（头发、五官、物品） She has long hair. He has big eyes. 18.易错对比： ❌ She is long hair. ✅ She has long hair. 4. 名词所有格 friend’s ’s 加在人名/单数名词后，表示“……的” friend’s name 朋友的名字 his friend’s hair 他朋友的头发 六、重难点梳理 重点 1.区分is（形容外形性格）和has（描述五官头发） 2.动词三单变化：he/she后动词加s；we/I后动词原形 3.问答句型闭环：询问姓名、外貌、日常活动 4.sh组合发音/ʃ/的单词认读 难点 1.is 与 has 的混用（最高频考点） 2.第三人称单数动词变形（忘记加s） 3.物主代词 his（男生他的）/ her（女生她的）区分 七、易错点汇总 1.句型错误 ❌ She is long hair. ✅ She has long hair. （is后面只能加形容词，头发是拥有的物品，用has） 2.三单动词漏加s ❌ He often play football. ✅ He often plays football. 主语he是三单，play要加s 3.物主代词混淆 ❌ He name is Zhang Peng. ✅ His name is Zhang Peng. his 他的；her 她的 4.名词单复数 hair 头发（不可数，不加s）；eyes/ears 五官成对，必须复数 ❌ He has big ear. ✅ He has big ears. 5.人称搭配错误 问句Who’s your friend? 回答不能用you，要用my ❌ Your best friend is John. ✅ My best friend is John. 配套练习题 一、看中文写单词/短语 1.最好的朋友 ____________ 2.又高又壮 ____________ 3.长头发 ____________ 4.踢足球 ____________ 5.安静的 ____________ 6.帮我学英语 ____________ 7.分享 ____________ 8.有趣的 ____________ 二、单项选择 （ ）1. —______ your best friend? —Chen Jie. A. What’s B. Who’s C. Where’s （ ）2. She ______ long hair. A. is B. have C. has （ ）3. My friend often ______ books with me. A. read B. reads C. reading （ ）4. —What’s ______ name? —______ name is John. A. his; His B. her; Her C. friend; Friend （ ）5. We often ______ games together. A. plays B. play C. playing 三、用is / has 填空 1..He ______ tall and strong. He ______ short hair. 2.Sarah ______ quiet. She ______ big eyes. 3.My best friend ______ Liu Jia. She ______ long hair. 四、动词适当形式填空 1.He often ________ (help) me with Chinese. 2.I often ________ (play) football after school. 3.She ________ (make) me smile every day. 4.We ________ (share) our storybooks. 五、连词成句，注意大小写和标点 1.your, who’s, friend, best (?) 2.often, he, football, plays, me, with (.) 3.has, she, hair, long (.) 4.name, her, what’s (?) 六、情景匹配 （ ）1. Who’s your best friend? A. He’s tall and thin. （ ）2. What does he look like? B. Her name is Liu Jia. （ ）3. What’s your friend’s name? C. Zhang Peng. （ ）4. What do you do together? D. We often read books. 七、小作文（5句话） My best friend ______ is my best friend. He/She is ______. He/She has ______. He/She often ______. We are good friends. 答案 一、看中文写单词/短语 1.best friend 2.tall and strong 3.long hair 4.play football 5.quiet 6.help me with English 7.share 8.funny 二、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 三、用is / has 填空 1.is; has 2.is; has 3.is; has 四、动词适当形式填空 1.helps 2.play 3.makes 4.share 五、连词成句 1.Who’s your best friend? 2.He often plays football with me. 3.She has long hair. 4.What’s her name? 六、情景匹配 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 七、小作文（参考范文，答案不唯一） Liu Jia is my best friend。She is tall and thin.She has long hair.She often reads books with me.We are good friends. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $