Unit 1 Nature-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第二册（沪外版）

Unit 1 Nature 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： creature species paradise wither replace elaborate fountain nobleman majesty trick whisper reward solution theory restore royal former splendour disappear poo particularly moth fool worm native rare flourish amongst insect organism balance destroy 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 replace 释义：V.代替；取代；替换 /rI'pleis/ 词汇变形：replacement(n)更换；替代品；replaceable(adj)可替换 的 搭配：replace A with B用B替换A;replace sb./sth.取代某人/某物： be replaced by被…取代 辨析：replace与substitute:replace Awith B=substitute B for A,注 意介词搭配不同。 考查重点：常用于被动语态及“replace..with..结构。 例句：We must replace traditional fossil fuels with solar energy. 我们必须用太阳能取代传统的化石燃料。 The old computer was replaced by a new one. 旧电脑被新电脑取代了。 elaborate 释义：adj.复杂的；详尽的；精心制作的v.详细阐述；精心制作 /I'laebarat/ 词汇变形：elaborately(adv,)详尽地；elaboration(n,)详细说明；精 心制作 搭配：elaborate on sth.详细说明某事；elaborate plan/design精心的 计划/设计 辨析：elaborate与complex:elaborate强调精心设计、细节丰富： complexi强调组成部分复杂、难以理解。 考查重点：形容词和动词两种词性及用法：介词on。 例句：The team spent a month on the elaborate plan. 团队花了一个月时间制定这个精心设计的方案。 Could you elaborate on your proposal? 你能详细说明一下你的提议吗？ 3 trick 释义：v.欺骗；欺诈n诡计；把戏 /trik/ 词汇变形：trickery(n)欺骗；tricky(adj)狡猾的；难处理的 搭配：trick sb.into doing sth.骗某人做某事；trick sb.out of sth.骗取 某人的某物；play a trick on sb.捉弄某人 辨析：trick与cheat:tick侧重用计谋欺骗；cheat侧重不诚实手段 (如作弊、欺诈)。 考查重点：搭配trick sb.into doing/out of sth, 例句：The cheater tricked the old man out of all his savings. 骗子骗走了那位老人的所有积蓄。 He was tricked into signing the contract. 他被骗签了合同。 whisper 释义：v.低语：耳语：私语n.低语声：传闻 /'wIspa(r)/ 词汇变形：whisperer(n)低语者；告密者；whispering(n.&adj,)低 语的：传闻的 搭配：whisper to sb.对某人低语；whisper about sth.悄悄谈论某事； in a whisper低声地 辨析：whisper与numur:whisper是有意压低声音；murmur是持续 低沉、含糊的声音。 考查重点：whisper to sb.that;whisper sth.in one'sear, 例句：Don't whisper in front of the children一it is impolite. 不要在孩子面前低声耳语一一这样不礼貌。 She whispered to me that she was leaving. 她低声告诉我她要走了。 reward 释义：n.回报；报酬；奖赏v奖励；给以报酬 /rwo:d/ 词汇变形：rewarding(adj,)值得做的；有益的；rewardless(adj,)无 报酬的 搭配：reward sb.for sth.因某事奖励某人；reward sb.with sth.用某 物奖励；as a reward for作为对…的回报 辨析：reward.与award:reward指因服务、帮助等给予的回报；award 指竞赛、评奖中颁发的奖品或奖金。 考查重点：reward作动词的搭配(reward sb.for/with)。 例句：As a reward for his brave act,.he was given a medal. 作为对他勇敢行为的奖励，他获得了一枚勋章。 The teacher rewarded the students with praise. 老师用表扬来奖励学生。 restore 释义：V恢复；修复；使复原 /rI'sto:(r)/ 词汇变形：restoration)恢复；修复；restorative(adj)恢复健康的 搭配：restore sth.to.把某物恢复到…：restore order/peace恢复 秩序/和平；restore sb.to power恢复某人的权力 辨析：restore-与recover:restore是及物动词，强调使某物恢复原 状：recover可及物可不及物，强调自身恢复。 考查重点：restore..to.结构；与recovery的区别。 例句：The doctors managed to restore the patient's sight to normal, 医生们成功地使病人的视力恢复正常。 The government restored order after the riots 政府在骚乱后恢复了秩序。 former 释义：adj.以前的：前者的 /'fme()/ 词汇变形：formerly(adv,)以前；从前；the former(n.)前者（与the latter相对) 搭配：the former president前总统；in former times从前；former classmate以前的同学 辨析：former与previous/,previousi在顺序上指“前一个”，former指 “过去的、从前的”，强调时间上先于现在。 考查重点：the former.he latter..;作定语。 例句：The former president referred to the delicate issue in his farewell speech. 前总统在告别演讲中提到了这个微妙的问题。 In former times,people used to travel by horse. 从前，人们骑马旅行。 8 disappear 释义：v.消失：不复存在：灭绝 /,disa'pIa(r)/ 词汇变形：disappearance(m)消失；失踪；disappearing(adj,)正在 消失的 搭配：disappear from.从…消失；disappear into the air消失在空 中；disappear without trace消失得无影无踪 辨析：disappear与fade:disappear指突然或逐渐不见；fade指颜色、 声音、记忆等逐渐减弱消失。 考查重点：无被动语态（不及物动词）；不可直接加宾语。 例句：This history is almost forgotten by modern people;itis disappearing gradually 这段历史几乎被现代人遗忘了，它正在慢慢消失。 The plane disappeared into the clouds. 飞机消失在云层中。 particularly 释义：adv.特别；尤其 /pa'trkjalali/ 词汇变形：particular(adj.)特别的；挑剔的；particularity(n)特 性；详细 搭配：particularly+adj/adv.特别；not particularly不特别；be particular about对…挑剔 辨析：particularly与especially:两者可互换，但particularly更强调 “与众不同”；especially更强调“尤其如此” 考查重点：用于强调：be particular abouth的用法。 例句：Children are particularly fond of the colorful balloons at the party. 孩子们特别喜欢派对上的彩色气球。 He is particularly interested in history. 他对历史特别感兴趣。 10 delicate 释义：adj.脆弱的：易碎的；精致的：微妙的 /'delikat/ 词汇变形：delicately(adv)精致地；微妙地；delicacy (n)精致；美 味：敏感 搭配：delicate balance微妙的平衡；delicate situation微妙的局势： delicate skin娇嫩的皮肤；delicate flowers娇嫩的花 辨析：delicate与fragile:delicate强调精致、柔嫩、易损坏；fragile 强调易碎、易破裂，常用于物品。 考查重点：描述事物或局势；常与alance/situation等搭配。 例句：The delicate balance between protecting nature and developing economy is crucial. 保护自然与发展经济之间的微妙平衡至关重要。 She has delicate skin,so she uses special creams. 她的皮肤很娇嫩，所以使用特殊的乳霜。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（每空一词，共12题） 1.The old wooden bridge was completely destroyed and had to be (replace)with a new one 2.The witness whispered the journalist that the criminal had escaped. 3.She was rewarded a scholarship for her outstanding academic performance 4.The scientist warned that many species could (appear)from the earth if we don't protect them 5.This dish requires a (delicately)handling because the ingredients are very fragile. 6.The manager asked me to elaborate the details of the proposal. 7.He was tricked signing the contract without reading it carefully. 8.The government has taken measures to restore the building its original state 9. (former)a small fishing village,this place is now a modern city 10.The (reward)experience of helping others made him feel fulfilled. 11.Children are (particular)fond of the colorful balloons at the party. 12.It is a delicate (balance)between protecting nature and developing economy (二)单句表达（根据汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限，共8题） 1.我们需要用太阳能来取代传统的化石燃料。 We need to traditional fossil fuels solar energy 2这个精心设计的方案花费了团队整整一个月的时间。 The plan took the whole team a whole month. 3.骗子骗走了那位老人的所有积蓄。 The cheater tricked the old man all his savings. 4.不要在孩子面前低声耳语，这样不礼貌。 Don't in front of the children-it is impolite. 5.作为对他勇敢行为的奖励，他获得了一枚勋章。 his brave act,he was given a medal. 6医生们成功地恢复了病人的视力。 The doctors managed to restore the patient's sight 7这段历史几乎被现代人遗忘了，它正在慢慢消失。 This history is almost forgotten by modern people;it is 8前总统在告别演讲中提到了这个微妙的问题。 The president referred to the issue in his farewell speech (三)短文填空 In a small town,there was an ancient castle that had been abandoned for centuries.Its walls were covered with ivy,and the gardens had 1 (wither)away.However,a group of local volunteers decided to 2 (store)the castle to its former glory.They first had an (elaborately)discussion on how to cany out the 4 (restore).They replaced the broken stones with new ones and carefully 5 (place)the old furniture to its original positions.The project was not easy.They were often tricked 6 unexpected weather conditions,but they never gave up.One day,a visitor 7 (whisper)to the leader,"Your work is truly amazing.What's your 8 (reward)for doing this?"The leader smiled and said,The best reward is to see this beautiful castle come back to life."After months of hard work,the castle finally9 (appear)from the ruins. It became a popular tourist attraction,10 (particular)among history lovers.The former abandoned site now 11 (flourish)with flowers and laughter.This story reminds us that with patience and effort,even the most 12 (delicacy)things can be restored 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1replaced;2.to;3.with;4.disappear;5.delicate;6.on;7into;8.to;9.Formerly; 10.rewarding;11.particularly;12.balance (二)单句表达 1.replace;with;2.elaborate;3.out of;4.whisper;5.As a reward for;6.to normal; 7.disappearing gradually;8.former,delicate (三)短文填空 1.withered;2.restore;3.elaborate;4.restoration;5.replaced;6.by;7.whispered; 8.reward;9.appeared;10.particularly;11.flourishes;12.delicate