Unit 2 Language and Culture-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第一册（沪外版）

Unit 2 Language and Culture 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： confusing Mexican soil Spanish immediate signal wrist shrug obviously;fault;fade;memory;fluency literally context;linguist; within attitude dramatically appointment panic ironically confusion embarrassment torn pleasant deliver Mexico 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 confusing 释义：adj.难以理解的；令人困惑的 /kn'fjuz西/ 词汇变形：confuse(.)使困惑；confused(adj)困惑的：confusion )困惑 搭配：be confusing to sb.对某人来说令人困惑；a confusing situation令人困惑的局面 易混辨析：confusing修饰事物（令人困惑的）；confused修饰人 (感到困惑的) 例句：The instruction manual was so confusing that Igave up. 这本说明书令人困惑，以至于我放弃了。 immediate 释义：ad山j.立即的，立刻的 /I'mi:diat/ 词汇变形：immediately(adv)立即；immediacy(m)直接性 搭配：immediate action立即行动；immediate response即时回应； immediate family直系亲属 易混辨析：immediate强调时间上的“立刻”；instant强调瞬间发 生，常与food等搭配 例句：The government called for immediate measures to reduce pollution. 政府呼吁立即采取措施减少污染。 3 signal 释义：v.发信号：示意：n.标志；表明 /'sIgnl/ 词汇变形：signaling (n.)信号发送；signaller()信号员 搭配：signal to sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事；a signal of/that. …的标志；give a signal发出信号 易混辨析：signal指具体信号或象征性标志；sign指迹象或符号 例句：The teacher signaled the students to stop talking 老师示意学生停止讲话。 shrug 释义：v.耸肩（表示不知道或不在乎) /frAg/ 词汇变形：shrugging (n,)耸肩；shrugged(过去式) 搭配：shrug one's shoulders耸肩；shrug off对…不予理会； shrug at对…耸肩表示不在乎 易混辨析：srug多用于肢体语言；ignore指心理上的忽视 例句：When asked about the plan,he just shrugged his shoulders. 当被问及这个计划时，他只是耸了耸肩。 obviously 释义：adv显然，明显地 /'pbviasli/ 词汇变形：obvious(adj)明显的；obviousness(n)显而易见 搭配：obviously,.…显然，…；itis obvious that..很明显… 易混辨析：obviously强调显而易见；apparently强调表面上看起 来：clearly语气更中性 例句：Obviously,,he had prepared well for the interview. 显然，他为面试做了充分的准备。 fault 释义：n.责任；过失；缺点 /fo:It/ 词汇变形：faulty(adj.)有错误的；faultless(adj)无缺点的 搭配：at fault有责任；find fault with找茬，挑剔；be one's fault 是某人的错 易混辨析：fault指应负的责任或缺陷；mistake指行为上的错误； eror指不准确 例句：It's your own fault for not checking the details. 没有核对细节是你自己的错。 fade 释义：V.逐渐消失：逐渐消逝 /feid/ 词汇变形：faded(adj)褪色的；fading(adj)逐渐消失的 搭配：fade away逐渐消失；fade out淡出（声音/画面）；fade into逐渐融入 易混辨析：fade强调渐进过程；disappear可指突然消失；vanish指 神秘消失 例句：The memory of that summer slowly faded. 那个夏天的记忆慢慢淡去了。 8 literally 释义：adv.字面上：确实地（表强调） /'litarali/ 词汇变形：literal(adj,)字面的；literalism(m)直译主义 搭配：literally speaking字面上说；take sth.literally按字面理解 易混辨析：literally常与figuratively(比喻地)对应；用于强调时 表示“毫不夸张地” 例句：He literally ran out of breath after the race. 比赛后他真的喘不过气来。 context 释义：n.上下文，语境：背景 /'kontekst/ 词汇变形：contextual(adj)上下文的：contextualize(v)置于背景中 搭配：in context在上下文中；out of context断章取义；the context of..…的背景 易混辨析：context指语言或事件的环境；background侧重历史或个 人背景 例句：Don't take my words out of context! 不要断章取义我的话！ 10 attitude 释义：n.看法：态度 /'aettju:d/ 词汇变形：attitudinal(adj)态度的 搭配：attitude towards/to对…的态度；positive/negative attitude 积极/消极态度；have an attitude带有情绪 易混辨析：attitude指内在的看法；manner指外在的举止 例句：A positive attitude is crucial for success. 积极的态度对成功至关重要。 11 dramatically 释义：adv.显著地；剧烈地 /dra'maetikli/ 词汇变形：dramatic(adj)戏剧性的：drama()戏剧 搭配：change dramatically显著变化；increase dramatically急刷增 加 易混辨析：dramatically强调变化幅度大：significantly强调重要 性；remarkably强调令人惊讶 例句：The temperature dropped dramatically overnight. 夜之间温度急剧下降。 12 panic 释义：v.(使)惊慌，惊慌失措：n.恐慌 /paenik/ 词汇变形：panicked(过去式/分词)；panicky(adj)恐慌的 搭配：panic over/about对…感到恐慌；in panic惊慌地；paic attack惊恐发作 易混辨析：paic强调突然的群体性恐惧；fear更普遍；terror语气 更强 例句：Don't panic!Everything will be fine. 别慌！一切都会好的： 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（共12题） 1.The instructions were so (confuse)that I had to ask for help. 2.The government promised (immediate)action to deal with the flood. 3.He (signal)to the waiter to bring the bill. 4.She just (shrug)and said she didn't care. 了 (obvious),he was lying,but no one called him out 6.It's not my (fault)that the project failed;the whole team made mistakes. 7.The sound of the music slowly (fade)as we walked away. 8.You can't take that phrase (literal);it's a metaphor. 9.The meaning of a word often depends on the (context)it is used in 10.Her (attitude)towards learning English has improved a lot. 11.The price of oil has increased (dramatic)in the past few months 12.When the fire alarm went off,everyone (panic)and ran for the exit. (二)单句表达（共9题） 1.这个数学问题很令人困惑，连老师都花了好几分钟才理解。 The math problem was that even the teacher took a few minutes to understand. 2看到地震的消息，政府立即派出了救援队。 Upon hearing the earthquake news,the government sent out rescue teams 3他朝我挥手，示意我过去。 He waved his hand to me go over. 4对于他的批评，她只是耸了耸肩，没说什么。 She just her at his criticism and said nothing. 5.显然，你没有仔细阅读合同。 you didn't read the contract carefully. 6这次事故的责任在于司机，他超速了。 The driver was for the accident;he was speeding. 7.童年的记忆随着时间流逝而逐渐消失。 The memories of childhood with time 8请勿断章取义地引用我的话。 Please don't quote my words 9近几十年来，全球气候显著变暖。 The global climate has warmed over the past decades. (三)短文填空 Last week,we had a class debate about the use of mobile phones at school.The topic was quite 1 (confuse)because some students thought phones were useful tools while others saw them as distractions.The teacher gave us an 2 (immediately)task:to list both advantages and disadvantages and then 3 (signal)our opinions by raising hands.During the debate,one student 4 (shrug)and said,"It's 5 (obvious) that phones help us search information,but they also cause addiction."Another student pointed out that it was not the phone's 6 (fault)if students couldn't control themselves.The discussion heated up,and we realized that the meaning of responsible use" (fade)when we focused only on rules.Our teacher then said,"Don't take my words 8 (literal).I'm not saying phones are bad,I'm saying we need to understand the 9 (context)of using them."She emphasized that a proper 10 (attitude) towards technology is key.The number of students who agreed with her increased 11 (dramatic)after she explained her point.Finally,no one 12 (panic) about the decision;we all felt more confident about self-discipline. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.confusing;2.immediate;3.signaled;4.shrugged;5.Obviously;6.fault;7.faded; 8literally;9.context;10.attitude;11.dramatically;12.panicked (二)单句表达 1.so confusing;2.immediately;3.signal,to;4.shrugged,shoulders;5.Obviously;6.at fault;7.faded away;8.out of context;9.dramatically (三)短文填空 1.confusing;2.immediate;3.signal;4.shrugged;5.obvious;6.fault;7.faded; 8.literally;9.context;10.attitude;11.dramatically;12.panicked