Unit 3 Progress-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第二册（沪教版）

Unit 3 Progress? 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： climate billion alarming rate predict chain hunt agriculture figure significantly unfamiliar youth threaten extinction admit somehow measure absolutely contrast 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 alarming 词汇变形：alarm(v.使惊恐；n.警报)；alarmed(adj.担心的)： /A'1am四/ alarmingly (adv.) 搭配：alarming rate//rise/increase令人担忧的速度/上升/增长；an alarming number of..数量惊人的… 近义词辨析：alarming强调引起恐慌；astonishing强调令人惊讶 (未必是负面)；shocking强调震惊（正面或负面） 常用结构：Itis alarming that..令人担忧 predict 词汇变形：prediction(n.预言)；predictable(adj.可预测的)； /prI'dikt/ npredictable(adj.不可预测的)；predictor(n.预测因子) 搭配：predict(hat)预言…；predictsth.预测某事；be predicted to do sth.被预计将…；作主语从句：It is predicted that. 辨析：predict指基于事实或知识的推测；forecast多用于天气、经济 等较正式的预报；prophesy多指宗教或神秘预言 3 significantly 词汇变形：significant(adj.重要的；显著的)；significance(m.意 /sig'nfikantli/ 义；重要性)；insignificant(adj.不重要的) 搭配：differ significantly显著不同；increase significantly显著增 加；significantly enough重要的是；more significantly更重要的是 (用作插入语) 注意：significantly也可用于强调句首，意为“值得注意的是” 4 unfamiliar 词汇变形：familiar(adj.熟悉的)；familiarity(n.熟悉)；familiarize /Anfa'milia(r)/ (v.使熟悉)；unfamiliarity(n.) 搭配：be unfamiliar to sb.对某人而言陌生（主语是事物)；be unfamiliar with sth.对某事不熟悉（主语是人） 易混词：nfamiliar vs.unknown(未知的，陌生的)；strange(奇怪 的，不熟悉的) threaten 词汇变形：threat(n.威胁)；hreatening(adj.威胁的)；hreaten to /Oretn/ do sth.威胁要做某事 搭配：threaten sb.with sth.用某物威胁某人；threaten to do sth.威胁 要做某事；threaten the existence of..威胁到…的生存 双重含义：既可指“威胁（人）”，也可指“（事物）构成威胁” 句式：主语+be threatened with extinction/destruction面临灭绝/毁 灭的威胁 6 extinction 词汇变形：extinct(adj.灭绝的；绝种的)；extinguish(v.熄灭；消 /k'stmkfn/ 灭)；extinguisher(n.灭火器》 搭配：on the verge/.edge of extinction濒临灭绝；mass extinction大 灭绝；face extinction面临灭绝；save.from extinction挽救…免于 灭绝 辨析：extinction指物种灭绝；disappearance泛指消失；dying out 渐灭（常用进行时） admit 词汇变形：admission(n.承认；准入)；admitted(adj.公认的)； /ad'mit/ admittedly(adv.诚然) 搭配：admit doing/having done sth.承认做了某事；admit(hat).承 认…；admit to sth.承认某事；be admitted to/into被录取/准许进入 易错点：admit后接to时to是介词，接名词或动名词；admit sb. into准许进入 8 somehow 词汇变形：somewhat(adv.有点)；anyhow(adv.无论如何，总之)； /'sAmhau/ somewhere(adv.某处) 用法辨析：somehow作“以某种方式”讲时，常与can/manage to 连用；作“不知怎么地”讲时，常放在句首或句中 常见结构：Somehow or other不管怎样；somehow manage to do设法 做成 measure 词汇变形：measurement(.测量；尺寸)；measurable(adj.可测量 /'me33(r)/ 的)；measureless(adj.不可测量的) 搭配：take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事（常用复数）；a measure of..的尺度/程度；measure sb./sth.against与…相比 来衡量；neasure up符合标准 注意：作名词表示“措施”时常用复数measures;作动词表示“测 量”时是及物动词 10 contrast 词汇变形：contrastive(ad.对比的)；contrasting(adj.形成对比的) /'kpntra:st/ 搭配：in contrast(to/with)与…形成对比（常作插入语）；by contrast相比之下；contrast A with B把A与B对比；a striking/sharp contrast鲜明的对比 辨析：contrast强调对比差异：compare强调比较异同：distinguish 强调区分区别 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式） 1.The number of wild tigers is decreasing at an (alarm)rate,and many species are on the verge of extinction 2.Scientists (predict)that global temperatures will rise by at least 2C by the end of this century 3.The new policy has (significant)improved the living conditions in rural areas. 4.This kind of plant is (familiar)to most people,but in fact it is widely used in traditional medicine. 5.The loss of habitat (threat)the survival of many endangered species. 6.Many species have already faced (extinct)due to human activities. 7.He finally (admit)having made a serious mistake in the experiment. 8.The problem is difficult,but we can solve it (somehow)if we work together. 9.The government should take effective (measure)to reduce carbon emissions. 10. (contrast)with the quiet countryside,the city is always full ofnoise and activity (二)单句表达（根据汉语提示，用本单元核心词汇/短语完成句子） 1这片森林正以惊人的速度消失，许多动植物面临灭绝的危险。 This forest is disappearing at an putting many plants and animals the danger of extinction. 2.据预测，未来十年全球电动汽车销量将显著增长。 Itis that global sales of electric vehicles will increase in the next decade 3.多数学生对这种测试形式感到陌生，因此需要更多时间准备。 Most students are this form of test,so they need more time to prepare. 4.气候变化正严重威胁着北极熊的生存。 Climate change is seriously the survival of polar bears 5.他最终承认自己低估了这项任务的难度。 He finally having underestimated the difficulty of the task 6.不知为什么，我总觉得这个计划有些不对劲。 I have a feeling that something is wrong with the plan. 7.作为应对污染的措施，工厂已经安装了新的过滤系统。 Asa to deal with pollution,the factory has installed a new filtration system. 8.与去年的数据对比，今年的人口增长显著放缓。 with last year's data,the population growth has slowed down significantly. (三)短文填空 The planet is facing a climate crisis.The rate of global warming is 1 (alarm)high, and scientists 2. (predict)that extreme weather events will become more frequent One of the most 3. (threat)consequences is the loss ofbiodiversity.Many species are now 4. the verge of extinction due to habitat destruction and climate change. For example,polar bears,which rely on sea ice for hunting,are being 5. (threat) with extinction.6 (unfamiliar)as it may seem to some people,these animals are struggling to survive.7. (admit),some people still doubt the seriousness of the situation,but the evidence is overwhelming.The number of polar bears has dropped 8 (significant)over the past few decades.To address this issue,governments have taken several 9. (measure)to protect endangered species.For instance,they have set up nature reserves and restricted hunting.10. contrast,private citizens can also contribute 11. protecting wildlife by reducing their carbon footprint.12. (somehow),we must act now before it is too late.Every small effort matters in saving our planet from further damage. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.alarming;2.predict;3.significantly;4.unfamiliar;5.threatens;6.extinction; 7.admitted;8.somehow;9.measures;10.In contrast Contrasting) (二)单句表达 1.alarming rate;in;2.predicted;significantly;3.unfamiliar with;4.threatening,the( threatening,x);5.admitted to admitted);6.Somehow;7.measure;8.In contrast (三)短文填空 l.alarmingly;2-predict;3.threatening;4.on(或at the verge of extinction,此处用on the verge of);5.threatened;6.Unfamiliar;7.Admittedly;8.significantly;9.measures;10.By (或In,此处用By contrast或In contrast);11.to;12.Somehow