基础必备 必修第二册 Unit 4 Exploring literature（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（译林版）

基础必备 Unit 4 主题语境人与社会一文学作品 Exploring literature 析>译>背高考复杂句式0 FUZA JUSH 高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译 1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“You enter 旧金山湾区捷运系统 the fare gates and you'll see a ki- 本句是一个主从复合句。句中that引导 osk that is lit up and it tells you 限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行 (BART)的首席通讯官 Alicia Trost说：“你进 can get a one-minute,a three-mi- 词是a kiosk;tells后是省略了that的宾语 入检票口，就会看到一 nute,or a five-minute story,"says 从句；the chief communications officer for 个亮着灯的亭子，它告 Alicia Trost,the chief commu- the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit 诉你可以选择一分钟、 nications officer for the San Francisco 是Alicia Trost的同位语；known as 三分钟或五分钟的 Bay Area Rapid Transit-known as BART是过去分词短语作后置定语。 故事。” BART. 本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干是：We 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)We wanted to wanted to do something;where引导定语 我们想要做一些事情， 从句，修饰先行词something,说明其具体 do something where we do a call to 即向湾区的艺术家发起 内容，即发起一个呼吁。不定式短语to artists in the Bay Area to submit submit stories for a contest作目的状语， 呼吁，让他们提交故事 stories for a contest. 参加比赛。 说明发起呼吁的目的，即让艺术家提交故 事参加比赛。 复盘>必备知识 学生用书P73 教材盘点自主夯实 [Part 1 巧记·课标单词] >No.1 单词分类记一层级背 1.appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉 12.specific adj. 特定的；明确的 n. 吸引力；呼吁 13.particular adj. 特别的，格外的 2.sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的 14.topic n. 话题；题目 3.capable adj. 有能力的 写 15.mean adj. 吝啬的；小气的 作 4.launch vt. 使（船）下水；开始从事 16.generosity n. 慷慨大方 5.permanence n. 永久，持久性 词 17.stage n. 舞台；阶段 6.contain vt. 包含，含有；容纳 18.destroy vt. 摧毁，毁灭 7.universal adj. 普遍的，共同的 其 8.feature n. 特色，特征 19.defeat vt. 击败，战胜 vt. 以…为特色，是…的特征 20.attempt vt.&.n. 努力，尝试 9.author n. 作者，作家 21.noble adj. 贵族的，高贵的 10.therefore adv. 因此，所以 22.flash n. 闪光；闪现 11.context n. 背景，环境 ut.&.vi. (使)闪光 ·71· 高考总复习英语(YL) l.appeal vi..&n.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉；吸引力；请求→appealing adj.吸引人的；有趣的 2.determination n.决心；决定→determine u.决心；决定→determined adj.坚定的；坚决的 3.significance n.意义；意思；重要性；重要意义>significant adj.重要的 展 4.description n.描写；描述→describe vt.描述；形容；描绘 5.reflect vt.显示；反映；反射→reflection n.反应；反射 词 6.awaken vt..&vi.唤起，被唤起→awake adj.醒着的 7.novel n.&adj.小说；长篇故事；新奇的；异常的>novelist n.小说家 其 用 8.collection n.作品集；收集物；收藏品→collect vt..收集；收藏 9.transport vt.运输，运送→transportation n.运输，运送 l0.straight adj..直立的→straighten v.挺直；变直 1l.confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的→confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confused ad,糊涂的；迷惑的 阅 1.literature n. 文学，文学作品 6.upper adj. 上部的 2.soul n. 灵魂；心灵 7.gap n. 差距；间隙 词 3.element n. 要素，基本部分 8.chapter n. 章节；篇章 明 4.summary n. 总结，概括 9.poetry n. 诗集，诗歌 其 义 5.issue n. 重要议题，问题 10.alongside adv. 在…旁边，与…一起 >N0.2 同根联想记一一线串 1.de-开头动词集汇 2.智力与能力 ①depress使沮丧 ①intelligence n.智力；才智；智慧 ②decline下降，减少 ②disability n.残疾；无能 ③delight使（某人）高兴 ③intelligent adj.聪明的；明智的 ④debate辩论，争论 ④talented adj.有才能的 ⑤decrease减少，减小 ⑤outstanding adj.杰出的 ⑥determine决心 ⑥creative ad.创造性的 ⑦declare宣布，宣告 ⑦capable adj.有能力的；有才能的 ⑧defend保卫，防御 [Part2妙记·核心短语 >Wo.1 短语分类记一层级背 1.in store (for sb.) 即将发生（在某人身上） 6.clear up (头脑)清醒，使整洁，清理 2.in summary 总的来说 7.be on the point of doing sth. 正要做某事 3.draw on 凭借，利用 8.in a word 总之，总而言之 4.ought to 应该，应当 9.take on 呈现，露面 5.in particular 尤其，特别 10.devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 >No.2 同根联想记一一线串 “专心于；致力于”短语荟萃 Dbe absorbed/engaged in ④focus on ②be devoted to 5fix/concentrate one's attention on ③be lost in ⑥be buried in ·72· 基础必备必修第二册 [Part3速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 Take time to look through the collections in different sections of your lo- 1.祈使句+and+陈述句 cal library,and you are likely to come across books you love to read( 很可能就会发现你喜欢读的书)， He also tries to make his family and friends happy(来让家人和朋友开 2.make的复合结构 by spending time with them. 3.too..to句式 His mouth was too dry to speak(已经干得说不出话了)but he could not reach for the water now. 4.never提前于句首引起的部分 Never have I seen(我从来没见过)a greater,or more beautiful,or a cal- 倒装句 mer or more noble thing than you,brother. 5.be doing...when A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear(这时小孩发现了一个贝壳并把它放在耳边). 聚焦层级突破 学生用书P75 聚焦核心要点落实 [语境练悟]—一单句语法填空 Part,1单词悟讲记 D The determined determine)look on his face [核心单词] showed that he was very confident. 1.appeal vi.&n.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 2The government's action shows its determination ◆[教材对接] (determine)to control the situation. Let a little song appeal to the ear,or a great book to [考点归纳]一知识生成 the heart,and we discover a new world,a world of (l)be determined to do..决心做（表示状态） dreams and magic. (2)determine vt.确定；决定；下定决心 让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的 determine to do..决定做…（表示动作） 心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界、一个充满 determine on/,upon(doing)sth.决定（做）某事 梦想和魔力的世界。 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 C3)determination n.决心；决定 ①(202l·浙江卷)The procedure appealed to the [链接写作]—完成句子 staff a lot when it was introduced in January. 3I was determined to have another try,even if I ②(2024·新课标I卷)When I got back home,sud might fail again. denly riding my bike didn't seem quite as appealing 即使可能再次失败，我仍决心再试一次。 (appeal). 3.sensitive adj.敏感的；灵敏的；善解人意的 3 We appeal to everyone to live (live)a low carbon 》[教材对接] lifestyle. Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sen- 4The police made an appeal to the public to remain sitive human soul brings them to our attention,just calm. as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. [考点归纳]一知识生成 有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类 appeal to sb.for sth.为某事呼吁某人 灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被 appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事 人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。 appeal(tosb.sth.)against sth.(向…)上诉 语境练悟]—单句语法填空 make/launch an appeal to sb.for sth.呼吁某人做某事 ①(2022·全国乙卷)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time de- [链接写作]—一完成句子 mands placed on the friend who has moved. 5Why do such documentaries about China appeal to foreigners? 2She is very sensitive about her appearance. 为什么这些关于中国的纪录片吸引外国人？ 3I sensed (sense)that I had made a serious mistake. 2.determine vt.确定；支配；决心vi.决心 [考点归纳]—知识生成 ◆[教材对接] be sensitive to对…敏感 The first step is to determine some of its significant be sensitive about介意；在乎 qualities. sense n.感官感觉；辨别力 第一步是确定它的（文学的）一些重要特质。 t.发觉：意识到 ·73 高考总复习英语(YL) [链接写作]一完成句子 [易混辨析] 4If you are sensitive to other people's needs,prob- 正式用语，常指一次而不是继续地尝试， lems,or feelings,you show understanding and attempt 往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，常包含 awareness of them. “冒险”之意。 如果你对别人的需求、问题或感受很敏感，你就会表 通俗用语，指为成功做某事而付出努力或 现出对他们的理解和认识。 try 一定代价，后接不定式表示“试图做某 4.reflect vt.反映；反射；显示 事”，后接动名词表示“试着做某事”。 ◆[教材对接] Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sen- 成功地做成某事，强调结果，相当于suc manage sitive human soul brings them to our attention,just ceed in doing sth.。 as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. [链接写作]一完成句子 有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类 He attempted to fly down the hills like the people 灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被 on TV,but he couldn't. 人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。 他尝试像电视中的滑雪者一样从沙丘上“飞”下来，但 [语境练悟]—单句语法填空 是他没做到。(attempt) DWhen the sun's rays hit the earth,a lot of the heat 6.mean adj.吝啬的；小气的；卑鄙的 is reflected (reflect)back into space. [教材对接] 2I have reflected upon his suggestion. The book's main character is Scrooge,a rich but ③(2024·新课标I卷)However,for maximizing mean old man. learning where mental focus and reflection (reflect) 这本书的主人公叫斯克鲁奇，一个有钱但吝啬的老人。 [语境感悟]一单句语法填空 are called for,educators shouldn't assume all media DDon't be too mean to your friends. are the same,even when they contain identical 2Missing the bus means waiting (wait)for another words. hour. 4The sunlight was reflected in the water. ③(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Moreover,having a system [考点归纳]一知识生成 in the same building where it's eaten means (mean) (1)reflect on/upon反思/思考/反省 zero emissions (from transporting plants from (2)be reflected in显示/反映… soil to salad. (3)reflection n.反射；沉思；映像 [考点归纳]—知识生成 [链接写作]—一完成句子 (1)be mean about sth.吝啬某物 5Reading history is an amazing experience because be mean to sb.对某人刻薄 it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life (2)mean to do sth..打算做某事 of the people living long time ago. mean doing意味着… 阅读历史是一种惊人的经历，因为它使我们能够反映 mean no harm没有恶意 生活在很久以前的人们的社会和经济生活。 [链接写作]一完成句子 5.attempt n.&vt.试图；尝试；企图 4I mean to go abroad for further study of my major. P[教材对接] 对于我的专业我打算出国深造。 After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days, [间考单词] Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish. l.launch n.&y.发起；发射；开始从事，发动；上市； 在84天的空手而回之后，圣地亚哥试图捕捉一条大鱼。 发行 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 [语境练悟]一判断下列句子中launch的词性和 ①(2024·全国甲卷)The annual arrival of the Saint 含义 Lukas is another attempt to improve(improve)the DChina successfully launched a spacecraft on the far situation. side of the moon,which,contrary to misunder- 2It is said that Australian scientists are making standing,is not always dark. vt.发射 fresh attempts at explaining climate change. 2The manager has decided to hold a party to cele- 3 Personally speaking,parents are making an at- brate the successful launch of the new magazine. tempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they n.发行 3 There is a growing need for smartphones and require. [考点归纳]一知识生成 many companies are trying to launch new models. t.上市 (l)attempt/,try/intend to do sth.努力/企图做某事 ④(2o24·新课标Ⅱ卷)Riders have printed nearly (2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事 20,000 short stories and poems since the program at the first/second::attempt第一/二…次尝试 was launched last March. vt.发起 74· 基础必备必修第二册 2.contain vt.包含；含有；容纳 [语境练悟]—单句语法填空 [语境练悟]一补全句子 D Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping DThe bottle contains two glasses of water. (help)others rebuild their houses. 这个瓶子装有两杯水。 ②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)They are devoted to commu- 2The book contains 50 stories,including 15 short ones. nity service. 此书共有50个故事，其中包括15个短篇故事。 3I've decided to devote myself to the nation after 3She couldn't contain herself for joy. finishing my study. 她高兴地难以自抑。 4We were deeply moved by their devotion (devote). [考点归纳]—知识生成 [易混辨析] (l)devote..to..· 可指所包含或容纳的全部内容或某物的 contain 把…奉献于……；把…专注于… 成分。 (2)devoted adj.挚爱的，忠实的，献身的 指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，常 be devoted to..专心于…；奉献于… include 使用“including-十被包括部分”或“被包括 (3)devotion m.奉献；忠诚：专心 部分十included'”的结构。 [名师点津]devote...to..中的to为介词，后跟 名词或动名词等。类似短语还包括：look forward to 期盼；get down to开始着手做；be/get used/accus- 形象 tomed to习惯于；pay attention to注意。 记忆 [链接写作]一句式升级（分词短语作原因状语改写） The jar contains olives The meal includes steak 5She devoted herself to practicing for ten years and 罐子里装着橄榄。 这顿饭包括牛排。 became one of the world's best long-distance swim- [学以致用]一选词填空(contain,include) mers. ④(2024·新课标I卷)The garden also contains a 6 Devoted to practicing for ten years,she became one of the world's best long-distance swimmers. winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. D Devoting herself to practicing for ten years,she became one of the world's best long-distance swim- 5There are 60 students in our class,including 20 mers. girls. 2.in a word总之，总而言之 6There are 60 students in our class,20 girls included. [教材对接] 3.confused adj.使糊涂的；迷惑的 In a word,we have now reached a point where we [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 wish to enjoy and understand literature. DThe author takes novel reading as a way to get 总之，我们现在已经到了希望欣赏和理解文学的 away from a confusing (confuse)world. 阶段。 2I always confuse John with his brother;they are so [语境练悟]—根据提示语法填空 much alike. The other day Tom①had words with(和…吵架) ③(2o24·新课标I卷)I thought my pronunciation Jim because Jim②broke his word(违背诺言)， was the problem,so I explained again more slowly, which made Tom very angry.Hearing this,I ad- but he still looked confused(confues). vised Jim to③have a word with(和…交谈)Tom 4 To avoid confusion (confuse),please write the and promise to④keep his word(守信用)later.It turned out that Tom also apologized to Jim and said children's names clearly on all their school clothes. he wanted to⑤eat his words(收回所说的话).He Part.2短语巧突破 --》 thought what he said might have hurt Jim's heart. ⑥Ina/one word(总之)，they have become good l.devote oneself to献身于…；致力于… friends again. ◆[教材对接] [考点归纳]一知识生成 My meaning simply is,that whatever I have tried to in other words换句话说，也就是说 do in life,I have tried with all my heart to do well; in words用语言（来表达） that whatever I have devoted myself to,I have devot- beyond words无法用语言表达 ed myself to completely;that in great aims and in words fail(因惊讶、感动、悲伤等)说不出话来，一时语塞 small,I have always been thoroughly in earnest. keep one's word守信用；履行诺言 我的意思很简单，无论我在生活中尝试做什么，我都 :break one's word食言，失信 已经尝试过了全心全意去做好；无论我献身于什么， have a word with sb.和某人交谈 我都会完全地奉献自己；无论是伟大的目标还是小的 have words with和…争论/争吵 目标，我都一直是仔细认真。 eat one's words收回所说的话；承认说错了话 75· 高考总复习英语(YL) [链接写作]一完成句子 2It's an opportunity to make the Chinese culture DIn a word,we must try our best to do the work. better known (know)to international students. 总之，我们必须尽最大努力做这项工作。 3These developments are likely to make our current 3.clear up使整洁，清理；好转；解释，说明 problems with robocalls much worse (bad). [教材对接] [考点归纳]一知识生成 "Clear up,head,he said in a voice he could hardly make的复合结构如下： hear. ①make sb.do sth.使/让某人做某事。当把这样 “头啊，清醒起来吧。”他用低不可闻的声音说。 的句子变为被动语态时，原句中省略的动词不定 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空/用u叩的相关短语 式符号to必须要还原 填空 ②make sb../sth.done(过去分词)使某人或某事 DI've got a lot of work to clear up by the weekend. 被…，常用于make oneself known,/heard/un ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I once took up a challenge to derstood create a painting every day for a month and post the ③make sb./sth.+adj. works online. 使某人或某事（变得）… 3Alice was really cut up when her friend died. ④nake sb./sth.+n. 让某人或某物成为… 4Your question came up at the meeting yesterday. [链接写作]—完成句子 [考点归纳]一知识生成 ④（全国I卷）We all respect her because she always clean up彻底扫除；清理 tries new ways to make her classes lively and inter- put up张贴；举起 esting. come up走近；上来；提出 我们都尊重她，因为她总是尝试新的方法使她的课生 pick up捡起；学会；接受；用车接 动有趣。 cut up切碎；心碎；使伤心 2.be doing..when正在做…这时 [教材对接] take up接受；拿起；开始；占据 give up放弃；让出 A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. cheer up感到高兴/振奋 一个小孩和一个男人在海滩上散步，这时小孩发现了 break up打碎，分裂；解体 一个贝壳并把它放在耳边。 turn up开大（音量）：出现 [语境练悟]—单句语法填空 [链接写作]一完成句子 ①(2024·北京卷)I was reading a book in the class- 5I hope the weather will clear up before Sunday. room when there was an announcement. 我希望星期天之前天气会放晴。 2He had just lain down when the phone rang. 考点归纳]——知识生成 Part3句式精剖析 (1)be about to do sth.when... 1.make的复合结构 “正要做某事，这时…” P[教材对接] (2)be on the point of doing sth.when... He also tries to make his family and friends happy by “正要做某事，这时…” spending time with them. (3)had done sth.when.:“刚做完某事，这时.” 他还试图通过与家人和朋友们共度时光来让他们 [链接写作]一完成句子 开心。 3She had just finished her homework when her [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 mother asked her to pratise playing the piano yester- D Walking upright makes (make)it easy to find day. food or guard against enemies. 昨天她刚刚完成作业，这时母亲叫她练习弹钢琴。 进阶>多维检测 学生用书P79 夯基固本多维运用 [全练透] 4.The stadium is large enough to contain 100 I.单词拼写 thousand people. 1.A poet and artist is coming to speak to us about 5.It is well-known that overpopulation is a universal Chinese literature (and painting tomorrow (普遍的)problem. 6.There are four seasons in a year,each of which afternoon. has distinctive features(特征). 2.We need you to provide an accurate description 7.Set a specific(具体的)aim and try our best for it, (描述)of the situation. and we will certainly achieve it. 3.The play to be produced next month aims mainly 8.I need one more stamp before my collection to reflect(反映)the local culture. 品)is completed.. ·76· 基础必备必修第二册 9.The majority of the land has been destroyed 5.再努力一下，你就会成功。 坏)so far.. One more effort,and you'll succeed. l0.I would often get confused(迷惑的）when I [重落实] came across new words with a similar spelling. I.单元巩固练 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全 1.Some students are especially sensitive about mak- 短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法。 ing mistakes. When we begin the study of literature,we can 2.He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientif- discover a new world.To enter and enjoy this new ic research. world,we need to love literature,and make 1.an ef- 3.The start of a new year is a good time to reflect fort to explain it.The first step is 2.to determine on/upon the many achievements of the past. (determine)some of its significant qualities. 4.The larger firm was capable of providing a better The first quality of literature is its 3.description range of services. (describe)of truth and beauty.Some truth and 5.If anything,swimming will appeal to her most strong- beauty remain unnoticed until a 4.sensitive (sense) ly. human soul brings them to our attention.The sec- 6.He picked a wallet containing (contain)$100 ond quality of literature is its appeal 5.to our feel- cash from the bedside of a dead man. ings and imagination.Its attraction lies more in 7.Now that you have expressed your determination 6.what it awakens in us than what it says.The third (determine),you should act. quality of literature,7.coming (come)out of the 8.After the killing,he calmly lit a fire to destroy other two,is its permanence.To achieve this,it (destroy)evidence. should contain two 8.elements (element):universal 9.It was clear that he was on the point of bursting interest and personal style. (burst). 9.In a word,literature is the expression of life 10.Two years ago,they published a collection (col- in forms of truth and beauty,the 10.written (write) lect)of short stories. record of man's thoughts and feelings,and the his- Ⅲ.选词填空 tory of the human soul. in store,in summary,draw on,ought to,in parti- Ⅱ.话题微写作（邮件） cular,clear up,devote.to,take on 假如你是校学生会主席李华，在你校“共读经典” 1.I noticed her eyes in particular,because they were very 活动到来之际，为呼吁学生多读经典好书，请你以学 large. 生会的名义，为学校“英语天地”宣传栏写一封倡议 2.Don't expect me to clear up your things all the 书，内容包括： time. 1.读书的好处； 3.We have decided to take on a new clerk in the ac- 2.推荐一本经典读物 counts department. 注意：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入 4.In summary,our company should be the best 词数； choice for you. 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 5.There was another surprise in store for me Dear students, that day. With the reading month approaching,I'm here 6.No one is allowed to draw on this sum of money to appeal to all of you to do more reading. without approval. 7.He did not know how he ought to behave. 8.Did you devote your life to serving others? V.完成句子 1.那取决于你是否能做好这份工作。 It depends on whether you can do the work well or not. The Students'Union 2.你本应该更仔细地做这个练习。 [参考范文] You ought to have done this exercise more care- Dear students, fully. With the reading month approaching,I'm here 3.我为我所说的话感到抱歉：我不是有意对你无礼的。 to appeal to all of you to do more reading. I'm sorry for what I said:I never meant to be rude As is well-acknowledged,reading plays an es- to you. sential part in our daily life.First of all,it can en- 4.他明确向她表明他不爱她。 rich our minds and teach us to distinguish between He made it clear to her that he didn't love her. right and wrong,laying a solid foundation for fur- ·77· 高考总复习英语(YL) ther learning.Furthermore,reading can broaden ●[佳句观摩] our horizons and perfect ourselves. 1.那座山在天空的衬托下显得轮廓分明。 I have just read a good book titled The Old Man The mountain was sharply defined against the sky. and the Sea,where I have not only appreciated the 2.湖面映照着上方的天空，它们都是无比湛蓝，并且 beauty of English,but also I have learnt to face dif- 闪闪发光。 ficulties in life bravely like the hero.I strongly rec- The lake mirrored the sky above;both of them ommend you to read it. were spotless blue and shimmering. Let's get down to reading the novel.I am con- 3.空气清新，天空碧蓝。 vinced you can be impressed and inspired a lot. The air was crisp and clear and the sky was blue. The Students'Union 4.草地像一片绿色的海洋在山上流淌。两英尺深的 Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(8)— “有关景色描写的表达” 草在微风中摇曳。 ●[多样表达] The meadow flowed like a sea of green over the hill.The 1.rough seas风大浪急的海 two feet deep grass waved in the breeze. 2.a steep-sided valley陡峭的峡谷 ●[好句仿写] 3.towering walls of rock高耸的岩壁 1.广阔的蓝色海水从四面八方绵延到地平线，翻腾的 4.the peaceful lake宁静的湖泊 海浪拍打着沙滩。 5.curving rivers弯弯曲曲的河 The expanse of blue water stretched in every di- 6.the springy grass松软的草地 rection to the horizon,with frothy waves lapping 7.the cloudless sky无云的天空 at a sand beach. 8.a dense forest茂密的森林 2.这棵树沐浴在一束亮光中，从风景的其他部分中脱 g.stars twinkle their eyes星星眨眼 颖而出。 10.the starry sky满天繁星的天空 The tree stood out from the rest of the landscape, 1l.rough,stony ground崎岖不平、多石的土地 bathed in a bright light. 12.a mountain track山间小路 3.草地上长了一大片绚丽的花花草草，草在微风中轻 13.beautiful and curiously shaped lakes 轻地摇晃。 形状奇特的美丽湖泊 The meadow was a glorious expanse of grass and l4.bath in sunlight沐浴在阳光下 wild flowers,grass trembling gently in the breeze. 培优>提能加餐 学生用书P81 高考对接素养培优 [培优1]单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 二、一词多义一根据语境选出explode的含义 1.In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent A.爆发B.发怒C.激增D.推翻E.爆炸 of a speaker's message. .理解，消化 1.They were clearing up when the second bomb ex- 2.We have come to an arrangement over the matter ploded. E between the school and the parents.n.商定；协议 2.Then suddenly he seemed to explode with anger. 3.I have just come across a man who used to be my B colleague when I worked in a computer company, 3.The population explodes to 40,000 during the but his name escapes me for the moment. tourist season... C .被忘掉；被忽视 4.To explode in silence,or to die in it. 汇培优2]高考语篇培素养 Topic:小说、戏剧、诗歌等 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (浙江卷)I am an active playgoer and play-reader,and per haps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing 1.What do we know about the author from the first paragraph? my enthusiasm for the theater with others.To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think A.He has written dozens of plays. B.He has a deep love for the theater. best show the power and purpose of the short play. Each play has a theme or central idea which the play C.He is a professional stage actor. wright(剧作家)hopes to get across through dialogue and ac- D.He likes reading short plays to oth- ers. tion.A few characters are used to create a single impression ·78· 基础必备必修第二册 续表 growing out of the theme.It is not my intention to point out 2.What does the author avoid doing in his the central theme of each of the plays in this collection,for that work? would,indeed,ruin the pleasure of reading,discussing,and A.Stating the plays'central ideas. thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the play- wright.However,a variety of types are represented here. B.Selecting works by famous playwrights. These include comedy,satire,poignant drama,historical and C.Including various types of plays. regional drama.To show the versatility(多面性)of the short D.Offering information on the playwrights. play,I have included a guidance play,a radio play and a televi- 3.What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays? sion play.Among the writers of the plays in this collec- tion,Paul Green,Susan Glaspell,Maxwell Anderson,Thornton A.Control their feelings. Wilder,William Saroyan,and Tennessee Williams have all re- B.Apply their acting skills. ceived Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. C.Use their imagination. More information about the playwrights will be found at the D.Keep their audience in mind. 4.What is this text? end of this book. To get the most out of reading these plays,try to picture A.A short story. B.An introduction to a book. the play on stage,with you,the reader,in the audience.The C.A play review. houselights dim ()The curtains are about to open,and in D.An advertisement for a theater. a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文是作者编辑 3.intention n. 意图；打算；计划 的一本书的序言部分。文章介绍了这本书的编写目 4.comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧片 的、主要内容以及欣赏本书的建议等。 5.satire n. 讽刺；讥讽，讽刺作品 1.B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I am an active 6.poignant adj. 悲惨的；辛酸的 playgoer and play-reader..for the theater'”可知， 7.drama n. 戏剧，戏剧艺术；剧本 作者非常热爱戏剧，对戏剧充满热情。] 8.houselights n. 观众席的灯光 2.A[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is not my (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横线上） intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays'”可知，作者在其作品中不言明所选戏剧 picture 的中心思想。] A.照片，图画，影片 B.景色 3.C[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“try to pic- C.想象，设想 D.画 ture the play on stage,.audience”可知，作者建议 DTo get the most out of reading these plays,try 读者在阅读戏剧的时候，要运用自己的想象力，勾 to picture the play on stage,with you,the reader, 勒出舞台上的戏剧场景。] in the audience. 4.B[推理判断题。根据全文，尤其是第一段中的 2I looked for Wyman's picture in my high-school “my best reason for editing this book”和第三段最 annual. A 后一句可推知，本文是作者对自己编辑的戏剧集的 3Wang Mian was able to picture what he saw af- 推介。] ter many years'practice. D ◆素材积累 ◆长句缩写 (一)由文本积累主题词块 To do this I have searched through dozens of plays 1.share...with... 和…分享/共享… to find the ones that I think best show the power 2.search through 搜索，搜寻，查找 and purpose of the short play. 3.dozens of 几十个，许多 [句子剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 4.get across (使)被传达，使被理解 5.be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) 6.point out 指出，指明 去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 7.a variety of 种种，各种各样的 (To do this)I have searched through (dozens of) 8.at the end of 在…尽头，在…最后 plays [(to find the ones)(that)(I think)(best (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 show the power and purpose of the short play)]. 1.playgoer n. 戏迷，爱看戏的人 [句子缩写]I have searched through plays.(不 2.play-reader n. 剧本评读人 超过10个单词) ·79·