基础必备 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（外研版）

Unit 2 主题语境人与自我 优秀品行之激励 必备 Onwards and upwards 词块背诵 佳句赏析 1.Winning is not about being first,but it is about giving 1.respond to a question 答复问题 your best in every situation. 2.survive on 靠…生存（活下来） 赢并不表示拿第一，赢表示在任何情况下都全力以赴。 3.achieve one's ends 达到目的 2.Life is filled with challenges.It is those challenges 4.in print 已出版，在销售中 that make me who I am. 5.go about the business of life 人生充满了挑战。正是那些挑战成就了今天的我。 为生活琐事而奔波 3.After dealing with many challenges,we will come to 6.be stricken blind 突然失明 realize that it is challenges that shapes us. 7.along the lines of 类似，按照 应对许多挑战之后，我们将会意识到是挑战塑造了 8.under one's name 以…的名字… 我们。 复盘>必备知识 学生用书P148 教材盘点自主夯实 Part 1 巧记·课标单词 15.enthusiastic adj. 热心的 1.debt n. 债务，欠款 16.contest n 比赛，竞赛 2.pace n. 速度；进度 17.upset adj 心烦意乱的 3.rarely adv. 很少，难得 幸事，幸运 写 4.overnight adv. 突然，一下子 18.blessing n. 仅仅，只不过 作 5.nevertheless adv. 然而 19.mere adj. 20.companionship n. 友谊 单 6.persevere v. 坚持不懈 词 批评；指责 21.outline n. 外形；轮廓 7.criticism n. 盛大的演出 8.classic n. 名著；经典作品 22.pageant n. 23.dawn n. 黎明 悉 9.endurance n. (忍)耐力 展现，显示 其 24.revelation n. 10.guarantee v. 保证，确保 平凡的；平淡的 识 11.outcome n. 结果，后果 25.workaday adj. 26.descend v. 降临 12.worthwhile adj. 重要的；值得做的 毯子 27.mighty adj. 强有力的 13.blanket n. 28.perfume n. 香味 14.cucumber n. 黄瓜 29.literary adj 文学的 拓 展 L.inform vt.告知；通知→information n.消息 单 2.delight n.快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜→delighted adj.高兴的；快乐的→delightful adj.令人 高兴的 词 3.elect vt..选择；决定（做某事）；选举（某人）→election n.选举 通 4.appreciate vt..欣赏；感激→appreciation n.欣赏；感激→appreciative adj.感激的 5.embarrass ut.使尴尬；使困窘→embarrassed adj.尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embar- 其 用 rassment n.窘迫；难堪 ·167· 高考总复习英语（外研版） 1.dread v. 畏惧；惧怕 单 5.amid prep. 在…之中 2.manuscript n. 手稿；底稿 6.relish n. 享受；乐趣 3.best-seller n. 畅销书 7.morsel n. 一小片 其 4.fingertip n. 指尖 [Part2闪记·核心短语] 1.worthy of 值得…的 6.in particular 特别；尤其 2.turn down 拒绝；把…调小 7.go about 忙于，着手做 3.have...in common 有…相同之处 8.knock over 撞倒 4.struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 9.in a sense 在某种意义上 5.now and then 有时，偶尔 10.run for 竞选 Part 3 速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1.have sth.done Emily Bronte had to pay to have his/.her poetry published(出版他的/她的诗). I have often thought it would be blessing(是一件幸事)if each human being were 2.虚拟语气 stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize(我才意识到)how 3.only+状语（从句） much I had left unseen. [Part4积累·联想拓展] 多重“性格”集一身 “have”动词短语荟萃 ①stubborn 固执的 ①have fun 玩得开心 ②introverted 内向的 ②have access to 接近，得到 ③outgoing 外向的 ③have..in common 有共同之处 ④gentle 温和的 ④have nothing to do with与…无关 ⑤sensible 理智的 ⑤have trouble with 某事上有麻烦 ⑥emotional 感性的 ⑥have a look 看一看 聚焦层级突破 学生用书P149 聚焦核心要点落实 第一板块] 词汇点拔台 ①inform sb.of sth. 告诉/通知某人某事 -DIYIBANKUAI- inform sb.that/when/how.. 通知某人… [核心词汇 一逐点清] keep sb.informed(of..)使某人随时了解(…) ②information n.[U]通知；消息；情报；信息 l.inform vt.告知；通知 [基础练通]单句语法填空 [教材对接] (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)If you've ever worked as (1)We regret to inform you... an instructor,manager,trainer or coach,you'll know that there are few better ways to learn new 我们很遗憾地通知你… information (inform)than to teach it. ·168· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 (3)It was considerate of Michael to inform us of 名师点津 worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词 his delay in case we got worried. well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又 (4)The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed(inform)of the programme's progress. 可作定语。 工能力提升]句型转换 [基础练通]单句语法填空 (5)He informed the company of the ship's safe ar- (2)Do you think the car is worthy to be repaired rival. (repair)? -He informed the company that the ship had ar- (3)Though the book is a bit dear,it is worthwhile rived safely..(改为复合句) to buy/buying(buy)it. 2.guarantee vt..担保，保证，允诺n.保证书；抵押 (4)The music is worth saving(save). 品；保修单 [能力提升]一句多译 [教材对接] 既然你对传统的中国文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日 (1)So,it seems that talent alone isn't enough to 值得你体验。 guarantee success. 所以，看来光靠天赋还不足以保证成功。 (5)Since you are interested in traditional Chinese ①guarantee to do sth, 保证做某事 culture,I think this festival is worth experiencing. worth) guarantee sb.sth. ,保证某人得到某物 guarantee sth.to sb. (6)Now that you are interested in traditional Chi- ②give sb.a guarantee 给某人保证/承诺 nese culture,I think this festival is worthy to be under guarantee 在保修期内 experienced/of being experienced.(worthy) [基础练通]单句语法填空 (7)Because of your interest in traditional Chinese (2)Your cellphone is under guarantee,so we will culture,I think it is worthwhile experiencing/to repair it free of charge. experience this festival.(worthwhile) (3)We guarantee to deliver(deliver)your goods 4.stick to坚持 within a week. [经典佳句] [能力提升]完成句子 (1)Remove clothing using scissors if necessary (4)(2024·全国甲卷)From then on,if I wanted unless it is stuck to the burn. to read an ending guaranteed to be happy,I'd pick 除非衣服粘在烧伤面上，否则衣服都要脱掉。如果 up a love romance 有必要的话，可用剪刀。 从那时起，如果我想读一个结局保证是幸福的，我 就会选一部爱情小说。 ①be stuck in 陷入；卡住 名师点津如果表达“保证某人做某事”，guaran- 2can't stick doing sth. 不能忍受做某事 tee不能用guarantee sb.to do sth.,只能用guar ③stick out for 坚持要求 antee to do sth.或者guarantee十that从句。常 ④stick out 突出；伸出；显眼 见的有类似用法的动词还有：hope,demand。 [指点迷津] 3.worthy adj.值得的，值得赞赏的 stick on意思是“粘贴，保持在…上面”，有时意思 [教材对接] 是“产生作用，生效，起作用”。而stick to多表示 (1)How was it possible,I asked myself,to walk “坚持原则、计划、诺言、决定等”，还有“继续做某 for an hour through the woods and see nothing 事”的意思，to是介词，其宾语多是名词rule,plan, worthy of note? idea,promise,decision等。 我问自己，在树林里漫步一个小时，竟没有看到什 [基础练通]单句语法填空 么值得注意的东西，这怎么可能？ (2)He got the key stuck(stick)in the lock. of being done ①be worthy+ 值得被做 (3)She finds it difficult to stick(stick)to a diet. to be done of+n.(=be worth十n.)值得… (4)If you stick to the truth,you will have nothing ②worth adj 值得的 to fear. be (well)worth doing …(非常)值得做 [能力提升]完成句子 be worth+n. 值得…；值… (5)Once a decision has been made,all of us should ③worthwhile adj. 值得花时间/金钱/精力的 stick to it. It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事 一旦做出一个决定，我们都应该坚持它。 169 高考总复习英语（外研版） [教师专享] [能力提升]完成句子 5,upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不 (6)She persevered in her studies and graduated 安；使心烦；打翻 near the top of her class. [教材对接] 她坚持不懈地学习，以接近全班第一名的成绩 (1)Why are you so upset? 毕业。 你为什么如此烦恼？ 7.delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的 ①be/feel upset about sth.为某事心烦 》[教材对接] be upset to do sth./that... (1)We are delighted to inform you... …让人不安/心烦 我们很高兴地通知您… 2It upsets sb.to do sth./that... Ddelightful adj. 令人喜悦的，令人快乐的 让某人心烦的是… ②delight n. 高兴；乐事 ③（近义词）nervous,uncomfortable V. 使高兴，使快乐 [基础练通]单句语法填空 take/find delight in 以…为乐 (2)In my opinion,there is no point being upset to one's delight 令人高兴的是 about it. delight sb.with sth. 用某物使某人高兴 (3)She was upset to know(know)that her appli- cation for the position was refused. [基础练通]单句语法填空 (4)(2022·全国乙卷)However,some high sugar (2)(2o21·全国甲卷)And officials at Port Lymp brands,like Classic Coca Cola,have accepted the ne were delighted(delight)with the new arrival, sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of especially as black rhinos()are known for be- upsetting(upset)consumers. ing difficult to breed in captivity(圈养). 名师点津①upset充当形容词时常用作表语， (3)The naughty boy takes a great delight in pul- 不能作定语；②upset作动词时，过去式和过去分 ling the dog's tail. 词形式都是upset;其现在分词形式为upsetting。 (4)To her great delight she passed the examina [能力提升]句式升级 tion with first-class honours. (5)I didn't know enough words and my grammar (5)It was the most delightful(delight)garden I was also poor so it really made me upset. had ever seen. I didn't know enough words and my grammar [能力提升]完成句子 was also poor,which really upsets me.(upset vt. (6)We decide to hold a New Year's Party on the 定语从句) New Year's Eve.Therefore,we take great delight 6.persevere.锲而不舍，坚持不懈 in inviting you to the party. [教材对接] 我们决定在新年前夕举行新年聚会。因此，我们非 (1)Nevertheless,she persevered. 常高兴邀请你参加聚会。 尽管如此，她依然坚持不懈。 [间考词汇一要知晓] ①perseverance n. 毅力，不屈不挠，坚持不懈 l.debt n.债务，欠款 ②persevere in sth./in doing sth.坚持不懈做某事 单句语法填空/完成句子 ③persevere with sth. 坚持某事 ④persevering adj: 坚韧不拔的，不屈不挠的 (1)The company is deep in debt and cannot oper- ate as usual. [基础练通]单句语法填空 (2)He has never stopped trying and shows great (2)After many years'hard work,he is out of debt. perseverance(persevere). (3)She persevered with her piano lessons. (3)It took Charlie ten years to pay off his debt. (4)Despite a number of setbacks,they persevered 查利花了十年时间才还清了债务。 in their attempts to fly around the world in a bal- 2.rarely adv.很少，难得 loon. 单句语法填空/完成句子 (5)We all admired their persevering(persevere) (1)I often deal with customers on the phone and hard work. rarely(rare)meet them face to face. 170· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 (2)I often remind myself how rare(rarely)it is for [基础练通]单句语法填空 me to have such an opportunity. (1)You can't have your air conditioner working(work) (3)Rarely have we seen such a beautiful sunset. day and night,which is a waste of electricity. 我们很少看到这样漂亮的晚霞。 (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)I'm honored to have my 3.elect vt..选举；选择，决定 voice heard(hear)to make a difference in the lives 单句语法填空/单句写作 of those little birds that share our city. (1)-I'm going to vote for Jackson in the next (3)Time is urgent and we still have a lot of work election(elect).How about you? to do(do),so everyone must pull his finger out. -Me,too.He's the best man for the position [能力提升]完成句子 (2)(202l·浙江卷)After Lincoln was elected (4)(全国Ⅲ卷)I'm terribly sorry for not being (elect)President of the US in 1861,they rented able to go to the bookstore with you on Friday af- the house and sold most of their furniture. ternoon.I have just found that I have an important (3)All the people agreed to elect him chairman. meeting to attend(有一个重要的会议要参加)that 所有的人都同意选他当主席。 afternoon. 4.embarrassed adj.尴尬的，难堪的 (5)I won't have you making the same mistake( 用embarrass的适当形式填空 许你犯同样的错误)again and again. (1)(2022·全国甲卷)Don't get caught making an 2."I wasn't going to give up until every single pub- embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. lisher turned me down,but I often feared that (2)When Tony offered to help her dressing,Claire would happen,"she later posted. felt embarrassed. “我不会放弃的，直到所有的出版商都拒绝我。 (3)(2025·浙江1月卷)He smiled weakly at Kevin, 不过我常常担心那会发生。”她后来说。 who felt a mix of embarrassment and relief. 本句是not.,until句型。 第二板块] ①not until/till意为“直到…才”，主句常用终 LDIERBANKUAI 句式精剖析 止性动词（非延续性动词），指until/till所表 1.Emily Bronte had to pay to have his/her poetry pub- 示的时间一到，该动作就发生。 lished. ②not until放在句首时要用倒装语序。 Emily Bronte不得不花钱出版了他/她的诗， ③强调结构中也常常出现not until结构，常见 本句中have his/,her poetry published是have sth. 句型为：Itis/was not until...that.. done结构，意思为“使某事完成”。 ④not until置于句首构成倒装句以及until放在 ①have sth.done让/叫别人做某事；遭遇某种 句首时，均不能用till替换until。. (不幸的)事情；使某事完成 [基础练通]单句语法填空 用 ②have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 (1)Not until I came home last night did(do)Mum 法 ③have sb.doing sth.意为“允许某人做某事” go to bed. 归 时，常用于否定句中；意为“让某人一直做某 (2)It wasn't until nearly a month later that I re- 纳 事”时，强调动作的持续性 ceived the manager's reply. ④have sth.todo有事情要做（不定式作定语） (3)I did not receive your letter until yesterday. [能力提升]完成句子 该句型解题的关键在于搞明白have的含义。 注 (4)When an earthquake happens,if you are in- ①have是使役动词就要考虑have sb..doing; 意 door,take cover under a desk quickly and do not have sb.do;have sth.done 事 move until the floor stops shaking. ②have是及物动词表示“有”的含义时，就要 项 当地震发生时，如果你在室内，迅速以桌子为遮蔽 考虑have sth.todo 物，不要移动，直到地板停止震动。 171 高考总复习英语（外研版） 进阶>多维检测 学生用书P152 夯基固本多维运用 [全练透] 2.While crossing the road,the old man was knocked I.单词拼写 over by a bike and badly injured. 1.He gave me a guarantee()that it would never 3.The young man was worthy of the title of model happen again. worker. 2.I like listening to classic music while Tom 4.In a sense,the plan is reasonable and practical. likes pop music. 5.He can't make ends meet every month and runs 3.-What was last night's outcome(结果)，Mary? into debt now and then. France narrowly beat Germany 2-1 in the 6.How could you turn down the offer of a job in the company? thrilling final. V.完成句子 4.He is always enthusiastic(热心的)about social 1.尽管受伤严重，露西还是挣扎着站起来，向医院 work. 走去。 5.When the report was finished,my instructor made In spite of the serious injury,Lucy struggled to an appreciative(欣赏的，赏识的)comment. her feet and walked towards the hospital. 6.Reality is temporary while ideal is permanent(永恒的). 2.财富并不总是幸福的保证。 Ⅱ.语境填空 Wealth is not always a guarantee of happiness. 1.I wish you to keep every member informed (in- 3.下公共汽车时他的一条腿摔断了。 form)of how things are going along. He has his leg broken when he got off the bus. 2.She is a warm-hearted person.Rarely(rare)does 4.你能描述一次你帮助他人的经历吗？ she refuse to help others. Can you describe a time when you helped some- 3.Time permitting(permit),we'd better have a rest one? this weekend. 5.孩子只有长大了才会明白父母的用意。 4.I can't get on well with him,for we have nothing Only when a child grows up can he understand his in common with each other. parents'intentions. 5.While walking(walk)along the river bank,she [重落实] was singing a pop song with her classmates. I.单元巩固练 6.She has been busy preparing her paper with her- 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的 self locked(lock)in her study all day. 正确形式（黑体词为本单元重点词汇）。 7.We guarantee to refund refund)your money if What does every writer most dread 1.reading you are not delighted with your purchase. (read)among the comments from publishers?Yes,it's 8.Don't offer to comment (comment)if you cannot "We regret 2.to inform(inform)you...",which will understand the real meaning. make the writers'hearts sink.In fact,a lot of suc- 9.The purpose of the passage is to inform us of the cessful writers have 3.previously (previous)faced reason for protecting the heritage. rejection. 10.He understood that it was the fault of his skin J.K.Rowling,after a total of twelve rejections, colour that accounted for their rejection(reject). eventually got her first book of Harry Potter pub- Ⅲ.选词填空 lished,which became 4.a global success. Another famous writer J.D.Salinger persevered worthy of,turn down,now and then,in particu- 5.in working on his novel The Catcher in the Rye lar,in a sense,knock over despite the criticism along with rejections from sev- 1.His statement refers to people in general,not to eral publishers and when it was eventually pub- anyone in particular. lished,it became an immediate best-seller. ·172· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 The three Bronte sisters lived in the Victorian It was a meaningful experience,raising my Age,a time 6.when women were not encouraged to awareness of caring for our community.It made me become writers.Although they 7.dreamed/dreamt further understand that every small act of kindness (dream)of seeing their words in print,they experi- can make a big difference.I hope I'll have more enced many rejections.However,they persevered chances to experience volunteering. and now,Charlotte's Jane Eyer,Emily's Wuther- Yours, ing Heights and Anne's Agnes Grey 8.are regarded Li Hua (regard)as classics of world literature. Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(20)一“悲伤“沮丧”和“孤独”（二） From the stories above,we can learn that it's ●[多样表达] 9.perseverance(persevere)that made them realize 1.frustrated adj.沮丧的 their dreams.Therefore,keep trying and you'll 2.upset adj..心烦的 eventually read the words "We are 10.delighted(de- .使生气 light)to inform you..." 3.sad adj.悲伤的 Ⅱ.话题微写作（邮件） 4.sadly adv.悲伤地 假定你是李华，春节期间你参加了你们社区的志 5.sadness n.悲伤 愿者活动，请你给你的外国朋友David写一封邮件， 内容包括： 6.in an unpleasant mood心情不悦 1.你所做的事情； 7.in low spirits情绪低落 2.你的感想。 8.sadness comes in waves悲伤如潮涌 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 9.an ocean of sadness一直悲伤，极度悲伤 2.尽可能用本单元知识点； 10.with grief悲伤的 3.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 ll.break out in tears突然大哭 Dear David, 12.fight back one's tears强忍住泪水 I hope this e-mail finds you well. ●[佳句观摩] 1.听到她没获奖的消息，她的心都沉了下去。 When she heard the news that she failed to win a prize,her heart sank. 2.她咬着下唇，心里很悲伤。 She bit her bottom lip with sadness filling her heart. 3,她情绪低落，拖着两条沉重的腿，疲惫不堪地回到 了家。 In an unpleasant mood,she dragged her heavy legs Yours, back home,tired out. Li Hua ●[好句仿写] [参考范文] 1.因为他的祖父去世，他一直沉浸在悲伤中。 Dear David, Since his grandfather passed away,he has been I hope this e-mail finds you well.I'm thrilled to floating in an ocean of sadness. share with you what I volunteered to do for my com- 2.她一头倒在床上，情不自禁地痛哭起来。 munity during the Spring Festival. She threw herself down onto the bed,and couldn't I helped clean public areas and decorated the help crying bitterly. community with festive items such as lanterns and 3.一进人自己的卧室，她就觉得悲伤如潮涌 couplets to create a joyful atmosphere.I also visited On entering her bedroom,she felt that sadness some elderly people living alone,chatting with them came in waves and bringing some gifts to show care and warmth. ·173 高考总复习英语（外研版） 培优提能加餐 学生用书P153 高考对接素养培优 [培优1]单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 二、一词多义一据语境选出pace的含义 1.They are refusing to inject any more capital() A.n.速度；步伐 B.n.节奏 into the industry. .(给…)投入（资金） C.t.&.vi.确定速度；调整节奏D.vi,走来走去 2.Anyway,I tried to pace myself,and after a while, 1.To be honest,I prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country. B the other runners started getting slower,so I was 2.She stood up and began to pace up and down. able to overtake them and finally win the race! D v.控制节奏或速度 3.When John found he was going to be late,he 3.We had to offer our house as a guarantee when stepped up his pace. A 4.It's a long climb,so you have to pace yourself. getting the loan. n.抵押品；保证金 C [培优2]高考语篇培素养Topic:.对社会有突出贡献的人物 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2023·新课标I卷)When John Todd was a child,he loved to ex- 1.What can we learn about John plore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved prob- from the first two paragraphs? lems.A dirty stream,for example,often became clear after flowing A.He was fond of traveling. through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got B.He enjoyed being alone. older,John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up C.He had an inquiring mind. the messes people were making. D.He longed to be a doctor. After studying agriculture,medicine,and fisheries in college,John 2.Why did John put the sludge went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain into the tanks? plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds of fish can eat cancer A.To feed the animals. causing chemicals?With the right combination of animals and plants,he B.To build an ecosystem. figured,maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.He decided C.To protect the plants. to build what he would later call an eco-machine. D.To test the eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances 3.What is the author's purpose in from some sludge().First,he constructed a series of clear fiber- mentioning Fuzhou? glass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local A.To review John's research ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals.He plans. placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little,these different B.To show an application of kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. John's idea. After a few weeks,John added the sludge. C.To compare John's different He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco- jobs. machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it!Within weeks,it D.To erase doubts about John's had all been digested,and all that was left was pure water. invention. Over the years,John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a 4.What is the basis for John's greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage()from 1,600 homes in work? South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in A.Nature can repair itself. Fuzhou,a city in southeast China. B.Organisms need water to sur- “Ecological design'”is the name John gives to what he does.“Life vive. on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,he says. C.Life on Earth is diverse. "You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. D.Most tiny creatures live in Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. groups. ·174· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John ◆素材积累 Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，长大后他建造了一个 (一)由文本积累主题词块 生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化 1.explore the woods 探索森林 污水。 2.solve problems 解决问题 l.C[细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd 3.be used to do 被用来做 was a child,he loved to explore the woods around 4.clean up the messes 清理脏物 his house,observing how nature solved problems. 5.combination of animals and plants 动植物结合 (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房 6.remove harmful substances from some sludge 子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。)” 从污泥中除去有害物质 以及第二段“After studying agriculture,medicine, 7.little by little 逐渐地 and fisheries in college,John went back to observ- 8.take on many big jobs 承担了很多大型工作项目 ing nature and asking questions.(在大学学习了 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和 1.observe v. 观察 提出问题的生活中。)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心 2.stream n. 小溪 很强。] 3.creature n. 生物 2.D[细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few 4.process n. 过程 weeks,John added the sludge..(几个星期后，约翰 5.trap v. 困住 把污泥加了进去。)”以及倒数第三段“He was 6.remove v. 除去 7.organism n. 有机体 amazed at the results.The plants and animals in 8.ecosystem n. 生态系统 the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横线上） to eat it!Within weeks,it had all been digested, 1.spare and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感 到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物， A.额外的B.高挑的C.业余的D.备用的 开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯 DShe was thin and spare. B 净的水。)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试 2I have several spare batteries in my house. 生态机器。] D 3.B[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the 2.digest years,John has taken on many big jobs.He de- A.消化B.理解C.摘要D.把…分类 veloped a greenhouse-like facility that treated sew- DThe organization publishes a digest of statistics. age(污水)from 1,600 homes in South Burling C ton.He also designed an eco-machine to clean ca- 2Allow your food to digest before exercising. nal water in Fuzhou,a city in southeast China. A 些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个 ◆长句缩写 类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户 A dirty stream,for example,often became clear 家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中 after flowing through plants and along rocks 国东南部城市福州的运河水。)”可推知，作者提到 where tiny creatures lived. 福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。] [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 4.A[推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organ- 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) isms in new relationships and observe what's happen- 去掉，留下“主于”（主谓宾或主系表）。 ing.Then you let these new systems develop their A (dirty)stream,(for example),(often)became own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系 clear [after flowing through plants and along rocks 中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自 (where tiny creatures lived)]. 我修复的方式。)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自 [句子缩写]A stream became clear.（不超过l0 我修复。] 个单词) ·175·