基础必备 必修第一册 Unit 2 Exploring English（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（外研版）

Unit 2 主题语境人与自我 语言学习 必备 Exploring English 词块背诵 佳句赏析 1.I avoided interacting with anyone because I was afraid 1.halfway between A and B 在AB两地中间 they'd laugh in my face. 2.contrast dramatically 反差鲜明 我避免与任何人交流，因为我很害怕他们会当面取 3.sculpt its long,thin shape塑成它细长的形状 笑我。 4.give it a wild and natural beauty 2.From that moment on,I felt increasingly confident and 使它有荒野和自然的美 proud to share my views with others. 5.fail to imagine 难以想象 从那时起，我越来越自信，很骄傲和别人分享我的 6.native inhabitant(s) 本地居民 看法。 7.exist in perfect harmony with their natural 3.Put your imperfections out of your mind and concen- habitat 与自然栖息地完美地和谐共存 trate on what you value within yourself,and your 8.tell a different story 讲述不同的故事 beauty will shine through. 把你的不完美抛在脑后，关注自己内心所珍惜的东西， 你的美丽就会闪现。 复盘>必备知识 学生用书P8 教材盘点自主夯实 [Part 1 巧记·课标单词] 1.comment n. 评论 8.entrance n. 入口（处） 写作单 2.unique adj. 独一无二的 9.exit n. 出口 3.remind v. 提醒 10.downstairs adv. 在楼下 4.type n. 类型，种类 11.negative adj. 消极的 杀 5.unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的 12.intend v. 计划，打算 6.apartment n. 公寓，套房 13.aware adj. 意识到的 7.resource n. 资料，资源 14.base vt. 以…为基础 拓 1.behave vt.&vi.举动；（举止或行为）表现→behaviour n.行为；举止；习性 2.confusing ad.令人困惑的；难懂的→confused ad山.感到困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑→confusion n.困惑 词 3.reflect vi.思考vt.映射；反射；反映reflection n.反射；反映 4.create vt.创造；创建→creation n.创造（力）→creative adj.有创造性的→creativity n.创造性 通其 5.actual adj.实在的；实际的→actually ad.实际地 6.formal adj..正式的-→informal adj.非正式的 阅 1.title n. 标题，题目 7.addition n. 增加物 单 2.alarm n. 闹钟 8.misadventure n. 事故；灾难 3.subway n. 地铁 9.odd adi. 奇特的 明 4.highway n. 公路 10.sculpt v. 雕刻 其 5.petrol n. 汽油 11.throat n. 喉咙 6.context n. 上下文 ·10· 基础必备必修第一册 [Part2闪记·核心短语] 1.burn up 烧毁，烧尽 6.have trouble (in)doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难 2.come across 偶然发现 7.speak of 提起，谈及 3.be aware of 意识到 8.burn down 烧毁 4.fill in 填写 9.have a frog in one's throat 说话困难 5.comment on 对…进行评论 10.wind up 上发条：使结束 Part3速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 The origin of“hamburger'”was a hard beef steak called(称作)“Ham- 1.过去分词短语作定语 burg steak”,eaten(吃)without bread. 2.while作并列连词的用法 Americans live in a flat,while()the British live in an apartment. Here are(这里有)some of our favourites,to remind us that some of the 3.here位于句首的完全倒装句 English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！ [Part4积累·联想拓展] 情感态度大全 “y.十down”短语集锦 ①negative 消极的 ①settle down 定居：平静下来；专心于 ②subjective 主观的 ②pass down 使世代相传；流传 ③objective 客观的 ③bring down 使降低 ④positive 积极的 ④break down 分解；累垮 聚焦>层级突破 学生用书P9 聚焦核心要点落实 [第瓶] 词汇点拔台 [基础练通]单句语法填空 (2)Most parents oppose burdening(burden)their [核心词汇—逐点清] kids with too much homework. l.opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的 [能力提升]一句多译 [教材对接] 许多老人反对为重建一个购物中心而砍掉这棵百 (l)If“hard”is the opposite of“soft”,why are 年老树。 “hardly”and“softly”not an opposing pair? (3)Many old people are opposed to cutting down 如果“硬的(hard)”是“软的(soft)”的反义词，为什 the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding a shopping center. 么“几乎不(hardly)”和“轻柔地(softly)”不是一对 (4)Many old people oppose cutting down the 100- 反义词呢？ year-old tree for rebuilding a shopping center. doing sth. 反对做某事 ①oppose 2.confusing adj.令人困惑的 sb./sb.'s doing sth. 反对某人做某事 [教材对接] ②opposed adj.强烈反对的，截然不同的 (1)Even the smallest words can be confusing. be opposed to(doing)sth.反对（做）某事 即使最小的单词也可能令人困惑。 11 高考总复习英语（外研版） ①confuse vt. 使迷惑(=puzzle);混淆 [能力提升]完成句子 confuse A with B 把A和B混淆 (5)(2025·全国二卷)Also,could I remind you ②confused adj. 感到困惑的(=puzzled) that the deadline for submission is this Friday, be confused about 对…有疑问 June 14th? ③confusion n. 困惑，混乱 此外，我可以提醒您，提交截止日期是6月14日星 in confusion 不知所措 期五吗？ [基础练通]用confuse的适当形式填空 4.intend v.计划，打算 (2)(2024·新课标I卷)I thought my pronuncia- 》[经典佳句] tion was the problem,so I explained again more (1)She intends to do A-levels and then go to uni- slowly,but he still looked confused. versity. (3)Because of confusion,Merat thinks some car 她计划先参加高级考试，然后去读大学。 makers will wait until vehicles can be fully auto- mated without human operation. ①intend to do/doing sth."打算做某事 (4)The professor will be to examine specific points that intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 are confusing to you. ②be intended for 为…打算或设计的 [能力提升]完成句子 be intended to do sth.为打算做某事而设计的 (5)(2023·新课标I卷)As for Bailey,she is more ③intention n. 意图，目的，打算 confused about why her act is considered a big with an,/the intention of打算… deal."She was just crying.I couldn't leave her," 知识拓展 Bailey told the reporter."I feel like I was just do- ing the right thing.” 表示“打算做某事”的表达还有：be going to do 至于Bailey,她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为 sth.be about to do sth.plan to do sth.mean to 是一件大事。Bailey告诉记者，“她只是在哭，我不 do sth.;aim to do sth.等。 能丢下她，我觉得自己只是做了正确的事情。” [基础练通]单句语法填空 3.remind.提醒，使…想起 (2)The TV programme is intended for children. [教材对接] (3)Seeing the boy trapped in trouble,she intended (1)Here are some of our favourites,to remind us to give/giving(give)him a hand. that some of the English we learn in the classroom [能力提升]一句多译 is rather different from the English in the outside (4)这个项目被设立了，打算帮助那些无家可归 world! 的人。 这里有一些我们特别喜欢的（帖子）提醒我们，一些 我们在教室里学的英语与外面世界的英语是很不 The project was set up and it was intended to help the homeless..(并列句) 一样的！ =The project,which was intended to help the ①remind sb.of sth. homeless,was set up..(非限制性定语从句) 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 =The project,intended to help the homeless,was remind (sb.)that/how/what... set up.(分词短语) 提醒（某人）… =The project was set up,with the intention of ②reminder n. 提醒人的事物 helping the homeless.(介词短语) [语境练通]单句语法填空 5.be aware of意识到，察觉到；知悉的 (2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Neighbors will bring me [经典佳句] freshly made cheese and will come to my door to (1)Traveling abroad,you had better be aware of remind me to close(close)the window in my car cultural differences. when rain is coming. 在国外旅行时，你最好了解文化差异。 (3)(2023·全国甲卷)Those tomatoes had a taste ①be aware that.. 察觉 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to ②awareness n. 知道；认识；意识 grow when I was a child. 提高某人的意识 (4)(2025·全国二卷)Maybe that feeling comes raise one's awareness from growing up in South Africa,where the [基础练通]单句语法填空 phrase "there are children starving in Africa"was (2)Schools should pay more attention to cultural more of an uncomfortable reminder(remind)of education so that students are fully aware of the fact than a prayer at dinner time. significance of culture protection. ·12· 基础必备 必修第一册 (3)(2025·全国二卷)Each dish was tailor-made recognise sb.as/to be 把…看作… to raise awareness(aware)regarding food waste. It is recognised that... 人们公认… [能力提升]完成句子 recognition n. 认出，认识 (4)Are you aware that you have hurt his feelings? beyond recognition 认不出来 你知道你伤害了他的感情吗？ [基础练通]单句语法填空 (5)Though most people are aware of the dangers (2)I haven't seen my old friend for many years of smoking,they just ignore them. and she has changed beyond recognition(recog nise). 虽然大多数人都意识到吸烟的危害，但他们只是忽 (3)I recognised his book as a masterpiece of the 略了这些危害。 author. [教师专享] (4)Being recognised in public has brought her 6.addition n.增加物，添加物 much trouble,so she is always wearing dark glas- ses to avoid recognition.(recognise) ●[教材对接] [能力提升]句型转换 (1)Each year,many additions are made to English (5)Customer value is recognised as the key source dictionaries. of competitive advantage 每年，很多增加的词汇被加入词典。 It is recognised that customer value is the key ①in addition 另外 source of competitive advantage. in addition to除…以外（还） [间考词汇一要知晓] 1.behavior n.举止，行为 ②add sth..to sth.把…加到/进…里 单句语法填空 add up to 加起来共计/达（不用于被动语态） (1)They behaved badly towards/to the guests, add to 增加，增添（多用于抽象意义） which made us very disappointed. add that.. 补充说…… (2)(2025·全国-卷)One evening,I picked up [基础练通]单句语法填空 the phone and left him a voice message,apologi- (2)(2021·北京卷)In addition to practical skills, zing for my behavior(behave)and asking if we could meet. Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork,encourage self- (3)Don't imagine that they'll behave themselves worth,and promote feelings of community. them).They will not take their defeat lying (3)(2022·全国甲卷)Similarly,in Italy,never ask down. for extra cheese to add to your food. 2.reflect vt.映射；反射vi.&vt.思考 (4)(2024·北京卷)In addition(add),you can also 单句语法填空 mention China's role in helping solving global is- (1)When the sun's rays hit the earth,a lot of heat sues such as the global warming,offering a more is reflected(reflect)back into space. comprehensive view. (2)You should set aside some time to reflect on/ upon your successes and failures. [能力提升]完成句子 (3)(2024·新课标I卷)However,for maximizing (5)My teacher said I set a good example to all of my learning where mental focus and reflection(re- classmates.He also added that everyone should flect)are called for,educators shouldn't assume learn from me. all media are the same,even when they contain 我的老师说我给全班同学树立了好榜样。他还补 identical words. 充说每个人都应向我学习。 (4)(2025·北京卷)I talked to one of the senior 7.recognise v.认识，辨认出 applicants who answered questions in a way that [经典佳句] reflected(reflect)the faith she had in herself. 3.base v.以…为基础 (1)The teenager was brave enough to save the 单句语法填空 woman's life and recognised as a hero. (1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)My suggestion is to group 那个青少年足够勇敢救了这个妇女的性命，被认为 students based (base)on their language abilities or 是一位英雄。 to let students choose their own partners. ·13· 高考总复习英语（外研版） (2)(2025·北京卷)She gathered friends,learned 本句是主从复合句。主句部分是完全倒装形式， some basic (base)programming,and together 即系动词are位于主语some of our favourites之 they created an app that maps small local parks 前；句中that引导的是宾语从句；we learn in the and gardens few people knew about. classroom是省略关系代词that的定语从句，修 (3)(2022·1月浙江卷)My choices are based on 饰先行词some of the English。 the lifestyle I want. 完全倒装四条件： 4.come across偶然遇到，偶然发现 ①表示方位或时间的副词，如here,there,in,out, 选词填空 up,down,away,now,then等或表示方位的介 词短语置于句首； come up,come across,come about,come up with ②谓语动词为be、lie、come、go、stand等不及物 (l)(全国Ⅱ卷)She's trying to come up with a la- 动词； bel to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco- ③句子的主语是名词。注意：若句子的主语是代 friendly. 词，主谓不倒装； (2)I came across a group of children playing on ④时态用一般现在时或一般过去时。 the playground. [基础练通]完成句子 (3)An important question came up at the meeting (1)Next door to ours live a foreign couple,who seem to have got used to living in China. yesterday. 我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇，他们看起来已经习惯 (4)Can you tell me how the accident came about? 了中国的生活。 第二板块 (2)There lies(lie)a large wheat field in front of LDIERBANKUAI 句式精剖析 the house. 1.Americans live in a flat,while the British live in 房子前有一大片麦田。 an apartment. [能力提升]句式改写：将下列句子改为倒装句 美国人住在flat中，而英国人住在apartment中 (3)An old temple stands on the top of the hill. 本句是并列句，while在此处作并列连词，连接两 >On the top of the hill stands an old temple. 个并列分句，表示对比。意为“但是，而”。while (4)Some of the main aspects of life today are be low. 还可作从属连词，引导状语从句，意为“当…时 Below are some of the main aspects of life today. 候”，“尽管”。用作名词时为“一会儿”。 3.Not only can you post specific questions,but you [基础练通]写出下列句中黑体部分的含义 can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts (1)(2023·全国甲卷)Two thirds of people aim to from other English learners around the world. improve their comfort while at home. 你不仅能发帖问具体的问题，而且还能通过阅读 当…的时候 世界各地的英语学习者的帖子拓宽你的知识面。 (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)While matrix gardens ap 本句是not only..but also句式。 pear wild,they are carefully planned,with cultur- not only...but also..“不但…而且…”，连 al needs the first consideration. 尽管 接并列成分。 ①用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调 (3)(2025·全国一卷)She had prepared lots of 后者，其意为“不仅…而且…”；其中的also snacks,while my job was to have the backyard in 有时可以省略。 order. 而，然而 ②若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not (4)As is known to us,while there is life,there is only后面的句子要用部分倒装。 hope. 只要 ③若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近 [能力提升]完成句子 的主语保持一致 (5)Global development often means that rich peo- [基础练通]单句语法填空 ple get richer,while the poor get poorer (1)Not only you but also he donates(donate) 全球化发展常常意味着富人更富，而穷人更穷。 money to these homeless people. 2.Here are some of our favourites,to remind us that (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)This platform is not only some of the English we learn in the classroom is reserved for professional cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences. rather different from the English in the outside [能力提升]句型转换 world! (3)I not only like this movie,but my mother likes 这里有一些我们最喜欢的（帖子）提醒我们，一些 it as well.(变为倒装句) 我们在教室里学习的英语与外面世界的英语是 >Not only do I like this movie,but my mother 相当不同的！ likes it as well. 14 基础必备必修第一册 进阶>多维检测 学生用书P12 夯基固本多维运用 [全练透] 3.I cannot accept an opinion offered to me unless it I.单词拼写 is based on facts. 1.Children watch what others do carefully and imi- 4.Tourists often appear to have trouble (in)breath- tate the behavior()of those closest to them. ing in the highlands. 2.This city filled with unique(独特的)buildings is a 5.Smokers are aware of the dangers to their own health. city for lovers of history,architecture and food. 6.I think I should wind up this e-mail. 3.The number of college graduates in a country can V.完成句子 reflect(反映)its cultural standards.. 1.我希望他在聚会上行为得体。 4.-How can you wake up so early? I hoped he behaved himself at the party. Set the alarm(闹钟)at5:00 and you'll make it.. 2.直到半夜雨才停下来。 5.It may seem that getting two people with opposing It was not until midnight that it stopped raining. (相反的)views together to discuss the topic leads 3.房子外面站着一个男人，他穿着黑色雨衣和黑色橡 to a disaster. 胶靴子。 6.We forgot to exchange numbers-now we can't Outside the house stood a man who was wearing a contact(联系)each other.. black raincoat and black rubber boots. Ⅱ.语境填空 4.他的妈妈和爸爸都不会讲英语。 1.Not only you but also he is(be)fond of the book. Neither his mother nor his father speaks English. 2.Here are(be)some tips to help you. 5.想要让他每天晚饭前做作业是很难的。 3.She came across some old photos in a drawer. It is hard to get him doing his homework before 4.She reminded Tom to pay(pay)attention to what dinner every day. the teacher was saying. 5.I'd rather you didn't make any comment on the is- [重落实] sue now. I.单元巩固练 6.If you are interested in it,let me know and I'll 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的 send you more information(inform). 正确形式（黑体词为本单元重点词汇）。 7.My Chinese teacher is very amusing(amuse)and English is spoken as an official language in many he always makes us laugh in class. countries and it varies from one place to 1.another. 8."Strictly(strict)speaking,this is not allowed," Pronunciation,as well as grammar and vocabulary,is she added. likely 2.to be(be)different.Sometimes,the same 9.We were having a great time and feeling very re- word has slightly different meanings,3.which can be laxed(relax). confusing.That's 4.why people from different places 10.An abandoned (abandon)baby was found in a have trouble 5.understanding (understand)each oth- box on the hospital steps. er.Despite the 6.differences (different),there are Ⅲ.选词填空 still many similarities.7.Actually(actual),there isn't be based on,wind up,come across,have trouble a standard form which everyone can agree on. (in),burn up,be aware of Though there seem to be many "Englishes",people 1.When we read newspapers,we often come across 8.speaking (speak)English with different accents such English words as“CCTV”and“PK”. 9.are (be)able to understand each other.It is com- 2.If you walk home,your body will burn up about munication 10.that counts,no matter which type of 100 calories of energy. English it belongs to. ·15· 高考总复习英语（外研版） Ⅱ.话题微写作（短评） 5.grief n.悲痛 假定你是李华，上周你参加了外教Ryan开设的 6.burst into tears突然大哭起来 “听歌学英语”选修课，现需要向他提交一份课程反 7.one's eyes are filled with tears眼里噙满了泪水 馈。内容包括： 8.with tears in one's eyes眼含热泪 1.你的评价； 9.cry one's heart out悲痛欲绝 2.你的理由。 I0.cry one's eyes out痛哭流涕 注意： 1L.with a heavy heart怀着沉重的心情 1.写作词数应80左右； 12.fall into despair陷入绝望 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答； l3.be pretty broken up about对…感到很伤心 3.尽量使用本单元知识点。 I4.with tears streaming down one's face泪流满面 English Course Feedback Form 15.fight back tears强忍住泪水 Course Title:Learning English in Tunes I6.tears rolling down one's cheeks泪流满面 Student Name:Li Hua Date:May 15th I7.tears well up in one's eyes热泪盈眶 ●[佳句观摩] 听到那个坏消息，这个小女孩悲伤不已。 概括描写： Upon hearing the bad news,the little girl felt ex- tremely sad. 细节描述： 1.Upon hearing the bad news,the little girl's heart ached,tears streaming down her cheeks(心痛，眼泪 [参考范文] 直流)： English Course Feedback Form 2.Upon hearing the bad news,the little girl,numb Course Title:Learning English in Tunes with grief,had trouble speaking(悲伤到失去知觉， Student Name:Li Hua Date:May 15th 不能开口说话). I really enjoyed your "Learning English in 3.Upon hearing the bad news,the little girl felt Tunes"course.It was a refreshing and effective way seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying to learn English.The combination of music and lan- bitterly(被一股悲伤之感控制，忍不住哭泣). guage made learning fun.I could easily remember ●[好句仿写] new words and expressions through catchy songs. 看到这个悲惨的场景，杰克很悲伤。 Also,it improved my listening skills as I tried to 概括描写： catch every lyric.It's one of the most interesting Seeing the terrible scene,Jack felt very sad/sor- English-learning experiences I've had.I'm looking rowful. forward to more amazing courses from you in the fu- 细节描述： ture. 1.Seeing the terrible scene,Jack cried his heart out Thank you! (悲痛欲绝). Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(2)一“悲伤与消沉” 2.Seeing the terrible scene,Jack was immersed in ●[多样表达] sorrow(沉浸在悲痛之中). L.weep v.无声地流泪 3.When Jack saw the terrible scene,tears rolled 2.sobu.啜泣，抽噎 down his face(泪流满面). 3.sorrow n.悲痛；忧伤 4.Seeing the terrible scene,Jack felt like he was 4.sad adj..难过的 floating in an ocean of sadness(感觉好像漂浮在悲 sadness n.悲伤，忧愁 伤的海洋里). ·16 基础必备必修第一册 培优提能加餐 学生用书P14 高考对接素养培优 [培优1]单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 4.(2024·北京卷)Good social habits do something 1.The government recognised his outstanding service similar in a social context. n.环境 by giving him a medal. 0.表彰 二、一词多义一根据语境选出exit的含义 2.We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest. A.出口B.退场C.通道D.退出 .惊慌 1.The heroine made her exit to great applause. 3.(2022·新高考I卷)The GPNP is designed to re- B flect the guiding principle of "protecting the au- 2.There is a fire exit on each floor of the building. thenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosys tems,.” o.体现 3.Leave the roundabout at the second exit. A [培优2]高考语篇培素养 Topic:语言学习 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2022·新高考卷)Human speech contains more than2,000 1. Which aspect of the human speech different sounds,from the common“m”and“a”to the rare sound does Damian Blasi's research clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain focus on? sounds more common than others?A ground-breaking,five-year A.Its variety. B.Its distribution. study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new C.Its quantity.D.Its development. speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. 2.Why was it difficult for ancient hu- More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted man adults to produce labiodentals? that speech sounds called labiodentals,.such as“f"and“v”,were A.They had fewer upper teeth than more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. lower teeth. Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University B.They could not open and close of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose. their lips easily. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured. ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，making it hard to pro duce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip( D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough. to the upper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构)，making it easier to produce such sounds. 3.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Supporting evidence for the re- The team showed that this change in bite was connected search results. with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn't have to B.Potential application of the re- search findings. do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large. C.A further explanation of the re- Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there search methods. was a global change in the sound of world languages after the D.A reasonable doubt about the re- Neolithic age,with the use of“f”and“v”increasing remarkably search process. during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not 4.What does Steven Moran say about found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. the set of human speech sounds? This research overturns the popular view that all human A.It is key to effective communica- speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around tion. 300,000 years ago."The set of speech sounds we use has not B.It contributes much to cultural di- necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human be- versity. ings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find C.It is a complex and dynamic sys- today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biologi- tem. cal change and cultural evolution,"said Steven Moran,a mem- D.It drives the evolution of human ber of the research team. beings. ·17· 高考总复习英语（外研版） [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 5.the popular view 流行的观点 因为饮食的改变导致了在现在世界上一半的语言中 6.remain stable 保持稳定 发现了新的语音。 7.the research team 研究小组 1.D[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“More 8.cultural evolution 文化进化 than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such 1.click n. 咔哒声；（鼠标）点击；吸气声 as‘f'and‘v',were more common in the langua- 2.labiodentals n. 唇齿音 ges of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team 3.overbite n. (牙齿)覆咬合 of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the Univer- 4.jawbone n. 下颌骨 sity of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and 5.analyse v. 分析；分解；化验 why this trend arose.”可知，Damian Blasi的研究 6.remarkably adv. 引人注目地；明显地 重点是在语言的演变上。] 7.overturn vt.&vi. 推翻 2.C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They discov- n. 垮台 ered that the upper and lower front teeth of 8.interplay n. 相互作用 ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，making (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横 it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by 线上) touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later, 1.rare adj. our jaws changed to an overbite structure,making A.稀少的 B.珍贵的 it easier to produce such sounds..”可知，因为古代 C.半熟的 D.极好的 成年人的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。] DIt remained an exceptionally rare book until it 3.A[主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Analyses of a was reprinted in 1918. A language database also confirmed that there was a 2Ferris has a rare ability to record her result of global change in the sound of world languages af- research on paper. D ter the Neolithic age,with the use of‘f’and‘v' 2.trend n. increasing remarkably during the last few thou- A.趋势B.规范C.风尚 sand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. DOne region is attempting to resist the trend of 可知，第五段主要是通过列明数据分析结果来进一 economic decline. A 步证明研究结果。] 2The record has already proved a success and 4.C[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“‘The set may well start a trend. C of speech sounds we use has not necessarily re- ◆长句缩写 mained stable since the appearance of human be- A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that di- ings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds et-related changes in human bite led to new speech that we find today is the product of a complex in- sounds that are now found in half the world's lan- terplay of things like biological change and cultur- guages. al evolution,'said Steven Moran,a member of [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 the research team.”可知，Steven Moran认为语音 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) 是一个复杂的动态系统。] 去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 ◆素材积累 A(ground-breaking,five-year)study shows that (一)由文本积累主题词块 (diet-related)changes (in human bite)led to new 1.different sounds 不同的声音 speech sounds that are now found in half the 2.southern African languages 南部非洲语言 world's languages). 3.front teeth 前牙 [句子缩写]A study shows changes led to new 4.a global change 全球变化 speech sounds..(不超过l0个单词) ·18·