必修第三册 课时冲关13 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES（教用版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（人教版）

基础必备 必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 学生用书课时冲关13P281 [.阅读理解 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：对道德困境的反应 Human responses to moral dilemmas(两难选 1.What are ChatGPT's answers to a certain mor- can be influenced by statements written by al stance? the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT,ac- A.Inconsistent. B.Valuable. cording to a study published in Scientific Re- C.Creative. D.Simple. ports.The findings indicate that users may un- 2.What is learned about the participants? derestimate the extent to which their own moral A.They admitted the power of ChatGPT. judgments can be influenced by the chatbot. B.They were interviewed by a moral advisor. Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked Chat- C.They were affected by ChatGPT unknow- GPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice ingly. (牺牲)the life of one person in order to save the D.They were presented with different moral lives of five others.They found that ChatGPT dilemmas. wrote random statements arguing both for and 3.What is the last paragraph mainly about? against sacrificing one life,indicating that it is not bi- A.Different findings of the study. ased towards a certain moral stance(立场). B.Future potentials for chatbots. The authors then presented 767 U.S.partic- C.Major focuses of future education. ipants,who were on average 39 years old,with a D.Solutions to the impact of chatbots. dilemma whether to sacrifice one person's life to 4.Which of the following is the best title for the save five others.Before answering,participants text? read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing A.ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics B.ChatGPT:Is It Likely to Affect Our Life? either for or against sacrificing one life to save five.Statements were from either a moral advisor C.ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us So Nerv- ous? or ChatGPT.After answering,participants were D.ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judg- asked whether the statement they read influenced ments their answers. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明 Eighty percent of participants reported that 了发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对 their answers were not influenced by the state- 道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人 ments they read.However,the authors found ChatGPT所写语句的影响。文章介绍了研究开 that the answers participants believed they would 展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人 have provided without reading the statements 影响的方法。 were still more likely to agree with the moral l.A[推理判断题。根据第二段“They found stance of the statement they did read than with that ChatGPT wrote random statements argu- the opposite stance.This indicates that partici- ing both for and against sacrificing one life,in- pants may have underestimated the influence of dicating that it is not biased towards a certain ChatGPT's statements on their own moral judg- moral stance(立场).（他们发现，ChatGPT会 ments. 随机写出支持或反对牺牲一条生命的陈述，这 The authors suggest that the potential for 表明它并不偏向于某种道德立场。)”可推知， chatbots to influence human moral judgments ChatGPT对某种道德立场的回答不一致。] highlights the need for education to help humans 2.C[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This indi- better understand artificial intelligence.They cates that participants may have underestima- propose that future research should design ted the influence of ChatGPT's statements on chabots that either decline to answer questions their own moral judgments.(这表明参与者可 requiring a moral judgment or answer these ques- 能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判 tions by providing multiple arguments and warn- 断的影响。)”可知，参与者在不知不觉中受到了 ings. ChatGPT的影响。] ·363· 高考总复习英语 3.D[主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The authors 4.D[主旨大意题。根据第一段“Human re suggest that the potential for chatbots to influ- sponses to moral dilemmas(两难选择)can be ence human moral judgments highlights the influenced by statements written by the artifi- need for education to help humans better un- cial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT,according to derstand artificial intelligence.They propose a study published in Scientific Reports.(发表 that future research should design chabots that 在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德 either decline to answer questions requiring a 困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人 moral judgment or answer these questions by ChatGPT所写语句的影响。)”以及倒数第二段 providing multiple arguments and warnings. "This indicates that participants may have un- (作者认为，聊天机器人影响人类道德判断的潜 derestimated the influence of ChatGPT's state- 力凸显了教育的必要性，以帮助人类更好地理 ments on their own moral judgments..(这表明 解人工智能。他们建议，未来的研究应该设计 参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自 出要么拒绝回答需要道德判断的问题，要么通 己道德判断的影响。)”结合文章介绍了研究开 过提供多种论证和警告来回答这些问题的聊天 展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器 机器人。)”可知，最后一段主要讲解决聊天机器 人影响的方法。可知，D选项“ChatGPT可以影 人影响人类道德判断力的方法。] 响人类的道德判断”最符合文章标题。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 主题：人与社会 体裁：记叙文 话题：受助打工少年 Timothy Harrison had planned to attend his and those people who helped me.I'm going to high school graduation.He'd even told his man- tell my kids about this." ager who runs a Waffle House (a kind of cake A.Harrison did not know what to do next. shop)that he would take time off.But when the B.He should have told me his plan earlier. day began,Harrison found himself unable to go C.It was picked up and paid for by his co-work- there.1 Because his family members were ers. working,no one could drive him there.Much to D.No kid should miss their high school gradua- the surprise of his manager Cedric Hampton, tion. Harrison showed up at the Waffle House. E.Harrison was thankful to his parents for their 2 First,he didn't have a way to get to efforts. the graduation.Besides,he'd missed out on pick- F.The next problem was how to get him to the ing up his cap and gown. hall on time. Once Hampton heard the details,he immedi- G.The hall in which the event was being held ately organized his Waffle House workers for ac- was too far away. tion."I could see in his eyes that he really wan- [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一 ted to go,and I was going to get him there no 位在华夫饼屋打工的青少年蒂莫西·哈里森在饼 matter what,”Hampton said.“3” 屋经理汉普顿和好心人的帮助下，最终按时参加 Within twenty minutes,Harrison was car- 了毕业典礼的故事。 ried to school to bring back his cap and gown and 1.G[根据设空处前一句可知，蒂莫西·哈里森 then back at the Waffle House.To his surprise, 不能去参加毕业典礼，设空处应承接上文，解释 he also received a new suit of clothes for his high 具体的原因。C项（正在举行活动的大厅太远 school graduation.4 了。)解释了哈里森不能去参加毕业典礼活动的 Meanwhile,a couple of generous shoppers 原因，且G项中的the event指代上文中的his contributed as well to help him celebrate this day. high school graduation.] Harrison was now properly dressed.5 2.A[根据空后的“First,he didn't have a way to It was a close call,but thanks to Hampton,the get to the graduation.Besides,he'd missed out soon-to-be graduate just made it."When I sat on picking up his cap and gown.”可知，哈里森 down in that hall,it was the best time of my 遇到了困难，设空处应承接上文，说明在这些困 life,Harrison said."This is an experience I will 难的情况下，哈里森的情绪状态如何。A项（哈 value forever.I feel very thankful to my manager 里森不知道下一步要做什么。)说明他因为遇到 难题而不知所措，引出下文。] ·364· 基础必备必修第三册 3.D[根据空前的“I could.,.and I was going to 体阐述这套衣服是如何得到的。C项（它是由 get him there no matter what'”可知，汉普顿无 他的同事挑选并支付的。)承接上文，且C项中 论如何都要带哈里森去毕业典礼，设空处应继 的It指代上文的a new suit of clothes。] 续解释这样做的原因。D项（没有孩子应该错 5.F[根据空后的“but thanks to Hampton,the 过他们的高中毕业典礼。)承接上文，符合 soon-to-be graduate just made it”可知，在关键 语境。] 时刻多亏了汉普顿的帮助，哈里森才能赶上毕业 4.C[根据设空处前一句可知，哈里森得到了一 典礼，这说明时间很紧张。F项（下一个问题是如 套为高中毕业典礼准备的新衣服，设空处应具 何准时把他送到大厅。)引出下文，符合语境。] Ⅲ.语法填空主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：纪录片《我在故宫修文物》 The Forbidden City,a masterpiece of 状语，用动词不定式形式；出现在句首，首字母 ancient Chinese architecture and culture,1. 大写。故填To address。] (house)amazing Chinese cultural and 3.since[考查介词。句意：纪录片《我在故宫修 historical relics.However,over time,these relics 文物》生动展现了修复过程，自2016年播出以 have suffered from wear and tear.2. 来，该纪录片一直备受网络热捧。空处为介词， (address)this issue,the restoration of these pre- 构成本句时间状语，意为“自从”，用介词 cious relics has become a crucial task. “since”。故填since。] The restoration process comes alive in the 4.what[考查宾语从句。句意：该纪录片聚焦于 documentary Masters in the Forbidden City, 修复师在修复过程中的工作，因其为观众提供 which has remained an online hit 3. 了难得的机会深入了解修复工艺而获得了广泛 its release in 2016.Focusing on 4. 认可。空处为宾语从句的引导词；宾语从句中 the restorers do during the restoration process, 缺少宾语，表示“事情”，用“what”引导。故填 the documentary has received general 5. what。] (recognize)as it gives viewers a rare oppor- 5.recognition[考查名词。句意：该纪录片聚焦 tunity to gain insights into the craftsmanship. 于修复师在修复过程中的工作，因其为观众提 The restorers are committed to preserving the 供了难得的机会深入了解修复工艺而获得了广 original essence of the relics while 6. 泛认可。空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为“认 (fix)any damage they may have suffered. 可”。故填recognition。] The restoration of cultural relics is 7. 6.fixing[考查状语从句的省略。句意：修复师 ongoing and never-ending task.Many young peo- 们致力于在修复文物的同时，保留其原始精髓。 ple look up to the skills shown in Masters in the 空处为状语从句的省略；主语“The restorers”和 Forbidden City,8. few would ever 动词“x”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。 think of trying the job for themselves.Tian 故填fixing。] Chenxin,a 16-year-old student from Chengdu,is 7.an[考查冠词。句意：文化遗产的修复是一项 one of the few.As a volunteer at the Chengdu 持续不断、永无止境的任务。修饰名词单数，表 Museum,she spent 9. (hour)learning 示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开 from the experts.She dreams of one day 10. 头，用an。故填an。] huge)contributing to the preservation of 8.but[考查连词。句意：许多年轻人对《我在故 China's cultural heritage. 宫修文物》中展示的技艺表示仰慕，但很少有人 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍 会想到自己去尝试这份工作。空处为连词，空 了紫禁城中文化和历史遗迹的修复工作，并通过 前“Many young people look up to the skills 提及纪录片《我在故宫修文物》来进一步说明修复 shown in Masters in the Forbidden City”和空 工作的过程及其意义。 后“few would ever think of trying the job for 1.houses[考查谓语动词。句意：紫禁城，这一 themselves?”之间为转折关系，用but连接。故 中国古代建筑和文化的杰作，收藏着令人惊叹 填but。] 的中国文化和历史遗迹。空处为本句谓语动 9.hours[考查名词的复数。句意：作为成都博 词；根据句意可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主 物馆的一名志愿者，她花费数小时向专家学习。 语为“The Forbidden City”,单数，和动词 空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据句意可知，空处 “house?”之间为主动关系。故填houses。] 为名词的复数形式。故填hours.。] 2.To address[考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解 10.hugely[考查副词。句意：她梦想着有一天能 决这一问题，修复这些珍贵的遗迹成为了一项 为保护中国的文化遗产做出巨大贡献。修饰动词 至关重要的任务。空处为非谓语动词担当目的 用副词形式，意为“巨大地”。故填hugely。] ·365·