基础必备 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（人教版）

选择性必修第四册 基础必备 UNIT 1 主题语境人与社会 机器人科技 SCIENCE FICTION 话题词块 话题佳句 1.be programmed and controlled by a computer 1.Artificial intelligence makes the world a better place by 由电脑编程和控制 freeing people up for more creative tasks. 2.explore future world 探索未来世界 人工智能通过解放人们使他们可以从事更具有创造性 家庭机器人 的工作，从而使世界变得更美好。 3.household robot 4.robot revolution 机器人革命 2.Technology is the foundation of our daily life and but 5.intelligent robot 智能机器人 for it,the modern civilization wouldn't have been built 被编程为 up. 6.be programmed to 7.make up for a lack of workers 劳动力的短缺 科技是我们日常生活的基础，没有科技，就没有现代 8.deal with emergencies 处理紧急情况 文明。 9.update a device 更新设备 3.Robots are common in our daily life and are often given 10.develop an AI-based system jobs that are considered dangerous for humans. 研发一款人工智能系统 机器人在我们的日常生活中很常见，经常承担被认为 对人类危险的工作。 聚焦层级突破 学生用书P221 聚焦核心要点落实 第一板块 [练通]—单句语法填空/完成句子 LDIYIBANKUAI 词汇点拨台 DThe chairman declared for suspending the decision [核心词汇—逐点清] to increase the employees'salary. 1.appointment n.预约；约会；委任 2Richard Nixon declared the third Sunday of June (1)make an appointment with sb. 与某人预约 as Father's Day in America. keep/break an appointment 守/违约 3It was meant to sound like an epoch-making decla- ration (declare). (2)appoint vt. 任命；委派；约定；指定（时间、地点等） ④（读后续写之心理描写）When the teacher declared me to be the winner of the English Speech Con- appoint sb.as/to be... 任命某人为… 委派某人做某事 test,I was surprised and pleased. appoint sb.to do sth. 当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时，我 (3)appointed adj. 约定的：指定的 又惊又喜。 [练通]一单句语法填空 [金句]—微写作 ①(2024·全国甲卷)People started queuing to make ⑤在2023年，理查德声称他计划在他40岁生日之前 an appointment(appoint)early in the morning,... 找到40个同年同月同日生的人。 2She was appointed(appoint)mayor of the city for In 2023,Richard declared that he planned to her integrity and what she had done for the public. find 40 time twins before his 40th birthday. 3I was appointed to take(take)charge of arranging 3.urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动t,催促；力劝；大力推荐 all the activities on that day. (1)urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事 4The participants,eager and energetic,gathered at urge that...(should)do sth. the appointed(appoint)time and set off from the 极力主张…做某事 school gate at 7:00 a.m. (2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事 [金句]一—应用文写作之邀请信 (3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的 ⑤我想预约下个星期三的下午。 urgency n. 紧急；催促 -I'd like to make an appointment for next [练通]一单句语法填空/完成句子 Wednesday afternoon. DParents should actively urge their children to take 2.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布 (take)advantage of the opportunity to participate (1)declare sb./sth.(tobe)+名词/形容词 in outdoor activities. 宣布某人/某物… 2There is no sense of urgency (urge)to do my declare for/against 赞成/反对 schoolwork immediately. declare war on/against... (对…)宣战 ③(2025·浙江1月卷)If the information you're declare that... 宣布… communicating isn't urgent(urge),consider send- (2)declaration n. 宣布；声明；公告 ing an email. 210 基础必备选择性必修第四册 ④(2022·新高考I卷，读后续写)Hearing my [练通]一用适当的介、副词填空 words,he finally made up his mind to run,and I DThe meeting has already begun,but the chairman urged him to go to the starting line. hasn't turned up yet. 听了我的话，他终于下定决心跑了，我催促他去起 2Mr.Collins will turn over his work to Mr.Giles 跑线。 [金句]—一微写作 when he goes away. ⑤强烈要求在晚上把所有的灯都关掉 3The librarian showed up to tell her to turn in her -It is strongly urged that all the lamps (should) library books. be turned out during the night. Even when they read,they don't turn to the dic- 4,take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 tionary every time they see an unknown word. take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 5They had nowhere to stay so I couldn't turn them take on 呈现；雇用；承担 away. take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 [金句]—微写作 take up 占据；开始从事 ⑥结果大家在网上疯狂点赞转发，让我成了网红。 [练通]一用take的相关短语填空 It turned out that people liked and forwarded it DAfter taking over the firm from his father,Tom crazily on the Internet,only to make me an Inter- took in some scientific ideas and took on some ex net celebrity. perienced and hard-working workers. [教师专享间考词] 2I'm going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing. l.guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 3In 1944,he met Edith Piaf,and his career took off. [练通]一单句语法填空/完成句子 [金句]一应用文佳句 DThe saleswoman felt guilty(guilty)about not vis- ④相反，智能手机不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且 iting her parents more often. 对我们的健康也有很大的危害。 2She had feelings of guilt(guilty)about leaving her -On the contrary,smartphones not only take up children and going to work. our valuable time,but also do great harm to our ③（读后续写之心理描写）I felt guilty for my conflict health. with my dear friend and I must apologize to him. 5.turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 我为与亲爱的朋友发生冲突感到内疚，我必须向他 turn up 调高（音量等）；出现 道歉。 turn down 调低（音量等）；拒绝 2.division n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法） turn in 上交；交还，退还 [练通]一单句语法填空 turn on 打开（水、煤气、电灯等） turn off 关闭（水、煤气、电灯等） DThere are deep divisions(division)in the party over the war. turn to 求助于；致力于；翻到（书的某页）；查阅；转向 2The library is divided into different zones. turn over 翻身；移交；转变 3He divides his energies between study and busi- turn away 不准进入；拒之门外 ness. 主题语境·培优词汇库 子话题一戏剧 ①author n. 作者 ⑦stage n. 舞台 ②playwright n. 编剧；剧作家 ⑧script n. 剧本 ③curtain n. 幕布 ⑨masterpiece n. 杰作 ④tragedy n. 悲剧 ⑩character n. 人物；角色 ⑤fiction n. (虚构)小说 ①comedy n. 喜剧 ⑥scene n. 场景；幕 ②ending n. 结局 第二板块 [练通]一完成句子 LDIERBANKUAI」 句式精剖析 ①The boy is more lazy than stupid(与其说笨倒不如 L.more,.than..与其说…倒不如说… 说懒). He seemed more like a human than a machine. ②More than1.25 million tickets(125万多张票) 他看着不太像机器，而更像一个真人。 were sold. more than 多于；不止；不仅仅是；非常 ③A robot is more than a toy(不只是玩具)for chil- no more than 只有；仅仅(=only) dren. not more than 至多 ④Jack is no more diligent than Tom(杰克和汤姆 not more...than... 不及……；不如… 样都不勤奋). no more...than... 和…一样不… ⑤She is a girl of not more than18(至多18岁). 211 高考总复习英语 2.完全倒装 [练通]一完成句子 As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern. DIn the middle of the room is a table. 当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那儿。 房间的中间有一张桌子。 完全倒装把谓语动词放在主语前面，常用以下几种情况 (l)将here,there,now,then,in,out,off,away等表 ②Here is a seat for you. 示地点或时间的副词或者介词短语置于句首，谓 这儿有你的一个座位。 语动词是be,come,go,remain,lie,run不及物动 3Out rushed the boys when the bell rang. 词等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装。 铃一响，男孩们就冲出去了。 (2)主系表结构中，作表语的形容词、分词置于句首 时用完全倒装。 East of the town lies a beautiful lake. (3)such作表语置于句首时用完全倒装。 城的东部有一个美丽的湖。 进阶>多维检测 学生用书P223 夯基固本多维运用 [维度1]词形转换 7.(2023·新课标I卷)The key finding of the study 用括号内所给词的适当变形填空 was that when crowds were further divided into 1.Linda said she would meet Tom and that she smaller groups that were allowed to have a discus- wouldn't tell anyone about the appointment (ap- sion. point). 8.Your statement is in conflict with the rest of the 2.Laboratory work needs not only accurate measure- evidence. ments but also correct calculations(calculate). 》[维度3]话题写作（邀请函） 3.There is an interesting article in this weekly 假设你是李华，你所在的学校英语社即将举办一 (week)newspaper. 次“科幻小说”分享会“science fiction sharing ses- 4.The candies were divided out among all the kids, sion”活动，请写一封邀请函给你的交换生同学Peter, but they could not agree upon the division(divide) 请求他参加。内容包括： of them. 1.告知分享会的时间地点； 5.The atomic explosion (explode)is always accom- 2.分享的主要内容 panied by huge fireball. 6.The village has floods frequently,especially in the 注意：1.词数80左右； spring,making the streets very muddy(mud). 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 7.They will ask you to sign a declaration(declare) allowing our doctor to disclose your medical de- tails. 8.He was found guilty(guilt)and condemned to be shot. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)Similarly,anthropomor phized products could be created to take on stere- [参考范文] otype-inconsistent roles-a male robot that as- Dear Peter, sists with nursing or a female robot that helps do Knowing that you are fascinated by science fic calculations(calculate),for instance. tion,I am writing to inform you of the good news 10.(2023·浙江1月卷)To calculate(calculate) that a "science fiction sharing session"will be held your speed as you do,divide 3,600 (the number in our school by the English club. of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds The activity is due to take place on the Central it takes you to travel one mile (the distance be- Square at 8 o'clock next Saturday.How long it will tween two mileposts). last depends on how many students will sign up and ◆[维度2]固定用法 be chosen.All students can participate in it.If you 1.Away from the family for 5 years,the student feel an urge to go back home. gain the opportunity,you should give a ten-minute presentation,introducing the author and creation 2.Study at your own pace and never lose heart,and background of the story,the main plot and charac- you are sure to make progress in time. 3.It has been declared that our school team has won ters in it and your reflection after reading it.The the first place in the watch. theme of your sharing will not be limited.Whether 4.People in that country are not treated with digni- it is about time travel,artificial intelligence or space ty. exploration is permitted. 5.The salesman considered leather sofas superior to I would appreciate it if you can accept my invi- cloth sofas and worth buying. tation.More details will be offered after your reply. 6.The model must be tested out before you put the Yours, product on sale. Li Hua ·212· 基础必备选择性必修第四册 读后续写微技能32一“地心游记”精彩表达 精彩词汇记牢 单句续写运用 an amazing journey to the centre of the earth 到达地球中心的奇妙旅程 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 spread far beyond where the eyes could see DA vast lake or even an ocean spread far beyond 眼睛望不到边际 where the eyes could see. be lit up by a strange light 被一束奇怪的光照亮 2The shore was lined with shining sand,and was be softly lapped by waves 被海浪轻轻拍打 being softly lapped by waves. My imagination was powerless before wonders. 3I could see far over this great sea because it was 我的想象力在奇迹面前无能为力。 being lit up by a strange light 培优提能加餐 学生用书 P225 高考对接素养培优 [培优1] 单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 二、一词多义一据语境选出pace的含义 1.(2021·新高考卷)As an added bonus,it's close to A.n.速度；步伐 B.n.节奏 the main train station. n.好处 C.t.&.i.确定速度；调整节奏D.vi.走来走去 2.(全国卷)According to most calculations,race 1.To be honest,I prefer the relaxed pace of life in walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour the country. A would burn about800 calories per hour.n.步速 2.She stood up and began to pace up and down. 3.(全国卷)Stop comparing yourself with others..Do D not follow the people who make you feel not-good- 3.The computer will give students the opportunity enough. 0.效仿 to learn at their own pace. B 4.She calculated that going to a stranger's house was 4.It's a long climb,so you have to pace yourself. a risky move,but she decided to take the chance. C t.认为 [培优2]高考语篇培素养 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (浙江卷)I am an active playgoer and play-reader,and per 1.What do we know about the author haps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing from the first paragraph? A.He has written dozens of plays. my enthusiasm for the theater with others.To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think B.He has a deep love for the theater. best show the power and purpose of the short play. C.He is a professional stage actor. Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright D.He likes reading short plays to oth- (剧作家)hopes to get across through dialogue and action.A ers. 2.What does the author avoid doing in tew characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.It is not my intention to point out the central his work? theme of each of the plays in this collection,for that would,in- A.Stating the plays'central ideas. deed,ruin the pleasure of reading,discussing,and thinking B.Selecting works by famous play- about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.Howev- wrights. er,a variety of types are represented here.These include come- C.Including various types of plays. D.Offering information on the play dy,satire,poignant drama,historical and regional drama.To wrights. show the versatility(多面性)of the short play,I have included a guidance play,a radio play and a television play. 3.What does the author suggest readers Among the writers of the plays in this collection,Paul do while reading the plays? Green,Susan Glaspell,Maxwell Anderson,Thornton Wilder, A.Control their feelings. William Saroyan,and Tennessee Williams have all received Pul- B.Apply their acting skills. itzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater.More informa- C.Use their imagination. D.Keep their audience in mind. tion about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book. To get the most out of reading these plays,try to picture 4.What is this text? the play on stage,with you,the reader,in the audience.The A.A short story. houselights dim().The curtains are about to open,and in a B.An introduction to a book. few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story. C.A play review. D.An advertisement for a theater. ·213· 高考总复习英语 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文是作者编辑 ◆素养提升（阅读理解之语篇类型或读者对象推断） 的一本书的序言部分。文章介绍了这本书的编写目 文章出处及语篇类型推断题，要从文章的内容和结 的、主要内容以及欣赏本书的建议等。 构特征进行推断；读者对象推断题首先要确定文章 l1.B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I am an active 主题，结合语言风格和读者群体特点进行匹配。 playgoer and play-reader..for the theater'”可知， 报纸：前面常会出现日期、地点或通讯 作者非常热爱戏剧，对戏剧充满热情。] 社名称 2.A[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of 广告：格式特殊，容易辨认 the plays”可知，作者在其作品中不言明所选戏剧 号 的中心思想。] 座 产品说明：常含有操作方式、使用方法等 3.C[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“try to pic- 网页：常含有网页的典型用语 ture the play on stage..audience?”可知，作者建议 书/影评：含有内容介绍及评价用语 读者在阅读戏剧的时候，要运用自己的想象力，勾 勒出舞台上的戏刷场景。] 本文第4题是文章类型推断题。本文以“editing 4.B[推理判断题。根据全文，尤其是第一段中的 this book”的原因，到展示“power and purpose of “my best reason for editing this book”和第三段最 the short play”,以及对本书中的与众不同之处的 介绍等，始终围绕着“this book”这一中心，从不同 后一句可推知，本文是作者对自己编辑的戏刷集的 方面介绍了这本书的有关内容，故B项正确。 介绍。] ◆[针对训练](2023·新课标Ⅱ卷，C)Reading ◆素材积累 Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an (一)由文本积累主题词块 everyday object-the book,represented here in al- 1.share...with... 和…分享/共享… most three hundred artworks from museums 2.search through 搜索；搜寻；查找 around the world.The image of the reader ap- 3.dozens of 几十个；许多 pears throughout history,in art made long before 4.get across (使)被传达；使被理解 books as we now know them came into being.In 5.be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 artists'representations of books and reading,we 6.point out 指出；指明 see moments of shared humanity that go beyond 7.a variety of 种种；各种各样的 culture and time. 8.at the end of 在…尽头；在…最后 In this“book of books'”,artworks are select- (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 ed and arranged in a way that emphasizes these 1.playgoer n. 戏迷，爱看戏的人 connections between different eras and cultures. 2.play-reader n. 剧本评读人 We see scenes of children learning to read at home 3.intention n. 意图；打算；计划 or at school,with the book as a focus for relations 4.comedy n. 喜剧；喜刷片 between the generations.Adults are portrayed( 5.satire n. 讽刺；讥讽；讽刺作品 alone in many settings and poses-absorbed in a 6.poignant adj. 悲惨的；辛酸的 volume,deep in thought or lost in a moment of 7.drama n. 戏剧；戏剧艺术；剧本 leisure.These scenes may have been painted 8.houselights n. 观众席的灯光 hundreds of years ago,but they record moments (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横线上） we can all relate to. picture Where is the text most probably taken from? A.An introduction to a book. A.照片，图画，影片B.景色 B.An essay on the art of writing. C.想象，设想 D.画 C.A guidebook to a museum. DTo get the most out of reading these plays,try to D.A review of modern paintings. picture the play on stage,with you,the reader,in 解析：A[本题考查文章出处推断。根据第一段 the audience. C 首句“Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a cele- 2I looked for Wyman's picture in my high-school bration of an everyday object..”及第二段首句 annual. A "In this 'book of books',artworks are selected 3Wang Mian was able to picture what he saw after and arranged..”可知，本文是在介绍一本关于书 many years'practice. D 本的书，所以很可能节选自对一本书的介绍。] ·214