Unit 1 Using Language（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 分层设计的语言技能训练，通过基础巩固、能力进阶到思维拔高，结合高考链接，系统提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|短语翻译10题、短文填空1篇、单句语法填空10题|聚焦核心词汇（如impact, pursue）及基础语法（词性转换、非谓语）|从词汇记忆到语境应用，构建“词-句”基础逻辑链| |B组能力进阶|完成句子10题、语法填空1篇|强化词汇在语境中的灵活运用（如trace back, switch major）|承接A组词汇，通过汉译英实现“词-句-意义表达”的能力过渡| |C组思维拔高|语法填空1篇、阅读理解1篇、七选五1篇|考查语篇理解（如科学家传记）、逻辑衔接及语法综合运用|从单句到语篇，培养“语言形式-语篇意义-思维逻辑”的高阶能力| |拓展链接高考|高考真题阅读理解1篇|贴近高考语篇长度与设问方式（如推理判断、主旨归纳）|实现专项训练与高考能力要求的直接对接|

分层作业 Unit 1 Period 2 Using Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.对……产生影响 __________ 2.放弃 __________ 3.接管；承担 __________ 4.追溯到 __________ 5.患上（疾病）__________ 6.指出 __________ 7.除……之外（还）__________ 8.提出；想出 __________ 9.首先；最重要的是 __________ 10.因……而闻名 __________ 二、阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空。 | impact | switch | pursue | conduct | trace | appreciate | inspire | abstract | champion | admit | Throughout history, great scientists have made significant contributions to human progress. Their work has had a profound 1. __________ on our daily lives. Take Qian Xuesen as an example. He made the decision to 2. __________ his major to aviation after the Songhu Battle broke out. He went to the United States to 3. __________ his graduate studies and helped 4. __________ important research into rocket propulsion. Much of China's aerospace technology can be 5. __________ back to his research. His deep 6. __________ for art often gave him 7. __________ in his scientific work. Stephen Hawking was another remarkable scientist. His world became one of 8. __________ thought after he fell ill. He was the biggest 9. __________ of the big bang theory and was brave enough to 10. __________ his faults. These qualities made him one of the greatest thinkers of our time. 三、单句语法填空。 1.Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater __________ (impactful) on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 2.Qian was described as a man with great scientific thought and scientific spirit who was __________ (patriot) and served his homeland with devotion. 3.After the Songhu Battle broke out, Qian made the decision __________ (switch) his major to aviation. 4.Qian went to the United States in 1935 __________ (pursue) his graduate studies. 5.Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can be __________ (trace) back to Qian's research. 6.His deep appreciation for art often gave him __________ (inspire) in his scientific research. 7.Stephen Hawking was one of the most __________ (gift) scientists in physics. 8.Since he came down with a disease, his world became one of __________ (abstractly) thought. 9.During the question and answer period, Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle __________ (make) a mistake in his maths. 10.Above all, Hawking was willing __________ (admit) his faults. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.也许没有哪位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大。 Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater __________ on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 2.钱学森决定将他的专业转向航空学。 Qian made the __________ to __________ his major to aviation. 3.钱学森去美国攻读研究生学业。 Qian went to the United States to __________ his __________ studies. 4.神州飞船背后的许多技术都可以追溯到钱学森的研究。 Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can be __________ back to Qian's research. 5.他对艺术的深刻欣赏经常在他的科研中给他灵感。 His deep __________ for art often gave him __________ in his scientific research. 6.霍金是物理学界最有天赋的科学家之一。 Stephen Hawking was one of the most __________ scientists in __________. 7.自从他患上了一种疾病后，他的世界变成了一个纯抽象思维的世界。 Since he __________ __________ with a disease, his world became one of __________ thought. 8.霍金站起来指出霍伊尔在数学上犯了一个错误。 Hawking stood up and __________ __________ that Hoyle had __________ a mistake in his maths. 9.除了才华横溢，他还很勇敢。 __________ being __________, he was brave. 10.最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。 __________ __________, Hawking was __________ to admit his faults. 五、语法填空 Patriotism (爱国主义) can be shown not only in the years of war but also in the years of peace. In today’s era, our country still needs patriotism 1 (realize) the Chinese Dream. The well-known figures of patriotism we are familiar with 2 (be) the late scientists Huang Danian and Deng Jiaxian. Patriotism had been rooted deeply in their bones, for they fulfilled their dreams of rejuvenating (复兴) the Chinese nation with many exceptional 3 (achieve). The strategic geophysicist Huang Danian, with his particular expertise in deep earth exploration technology, has helped China take the lead in 4 number of technical fields, whether under the earth’s crust (地壳) 5 in the high sky. The nuclear physicist Deng Jiaxian, one of the founding fathers of the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” project, 6 (significant) contributing to China’s cause of national defense. Up to now, their patriotic deeds and deep affection for the motherland 7 (make) them role models, especially for the young. Both Huang and Deng are heroes of our time, 8 tremendous contributions originate from their hard work and patriotic feelings. With the passion 9 (pass) down to us, we should resolutely follow the path paved by them and draw inspiration 10 their noble spirit, shouldering the mission of realizing national rejuvenation. 六、阅读理解 On October 18, 2025, the world lost a great and well-known figure in modern science. Yang Zhenning, a famous scientist who studied theoretical physics, passed away in Beijing at the age of 103. As one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century, Yang’s important discoveries greatly changed the way we understand the basic rules of the universe. Born in Hefei, China, in 1922, Yang grew up on the campus of Tsinghua University, where his father taught mathematics. His passion for science bloomed early. He studied at the National Southwestern Associated University, receiving his bachelor’s degree in 1942. In 1946, Yang moved to the United States to pursue his Ph.D．at the University of Chicago, where he learned from the famous physicist Enrico Fermi. Yang quickly stood out for his great ability to solve complex theoretical problems. Yang’s most famous achievement occurred in 1957. At the age of 35, he and his partner made history by winning the Nobel Prize in Physics. They challenged a long-time scientific belief called the “law of parity conservation” (宇称守恒定律), which said that a physical process and its mirror image should behave the same way. Yang and Lee proved that for weak nuclear forces, this symmetry (对称) is broken. Their discovery solved a big problem in physics that had stopped progress for a long time, and it also created new areas for scientists to study. In his later years, Yang returned to China and settled at Tsinghua University. He dedicated himself to nurturing young Chinese talents, raising funds for research labs, and inviting international experts to lecture. Yang Zhenning’s extraordinary life showed that deep scientific curiosity can cross borders, leaving a lasting legacy that will inspire future generations of thinkers worldwide. 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs about Yang Zhenning? A．He was born in Beijing and grew up in the US. B．He developed an interest in science early in his life. C．He received his bachelor’s degree in 1946. D．He studied under Enrico Fermi at Tsinghua University. 2．What can be inferred about the discovery made by Yang and his partner? A．It confirmed the law of parity conservation. B．It was immediately accepted by all physicists. C．It opened up new research directions in physics. D．It was based on an earlier discovery by other scientists. 3．What did Yang focus on in his later years? A．Supporting the development of young Chinese talents. B．Raising funds for Chinese students to study abroad. C．Inviting international experts to the US. D．Doing research on weak nuclear forces. 4．Which of the following best describes Yang Zhenning according to the passage? A．Ambitious and competitive. B．Curious and hardworking. C．Modest and strict. D．Humorous and independent. 七、七选五 Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been one of the most revolutionary technologies in recent decades, and its future development holds even more astonishing prospects. One significant trend is the continuous expansion of AI applications. For instance, in the transportation sector, self-driving vehicles are expected to become more common and reliable. They will improve traffic efficiency. 1 . It’s expected that in the near future, self-driving cars will be a mainstream mode of transportation. In the field of healthcare, AI will play an increasingly crucial role. 2 . By analysing an individual’s genetic data, lifestyle, and medical history, AI systems can more accurately predict diseases and recommend tailored treatment plans. This will lead to more effective prevention and cures. Another trend is the improvement of AI’s cognitive (认知的) abilities. AI will be able to understand and generate natural language more skillfully. 3 . Therefore, it will promote global communication and cooperation. Virtual assistants will also become more intelligent and human-like. They are able to have in-depth and meaningful conversations with users, understanding their emotions and intentions better. 4 . Smart factories will emerge (出现). Here AI-powered robots and machines can work together efficiently. They can improve production processes, detect faults in real-time, and adjust production parameters (参数) automatically, leading to higher productivity and quality control. Obviously, the future of AI technology is filled with unlimited possibilities. 5 , bringing about greater convenience, efficiency and progress. A．It can be used for personalised medicine B．The cost of developing AI remains extremely high C．It will reshape various industries and aspects of our lives D．It can monitor patients’ vital signs continuously in hospitals E．They’ll also reduce the number of accidents caused by human errors F．There’s no doubt that AI will fuel innovation in industrial production G．This means cross-language translation will be highly accurate and fluent （2023·新课标一卷·阅读理解） When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 1．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone. C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor. 2．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem. C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine. 3．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John’s research plans. B．To show an application of John’s idea. C．To compare John’s different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John’s invention. 4．What is the basis for John’s work? A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive. C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 1 Period 2 Using Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.对……产生影响 __________ 2.放弃 __________ 3.接管；承担 __________ 4.追溯到 __________ 5.患上（疾病）__________ 6.指出 __________ 7.除……之外（还）__________ 8.提出；想出 __________ 9.首先；最重要的是 __________ 10.因……而闻名 __________ 【答案】1.have an impact on 2.give up 3.take on 4.race back to 5.ome down with 6.point out 7.above all / besides 8.come up with 9.above all / first of all 10.be famous for / be known for 【解析】 1.have an impact on — 课文原句："Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen."，意为"对……产生影响"。 2.give up — 表示"放弃"，常用于放弃某物或放弃做某事（give up doing）。 3.take on — 课文原句："did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge."，意为"承担（挑战、责任等）"。 4.trace back to — 课文原句："Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can also be traced back to Qian's research."，意为"追溯到……"。 5.come down with — 课文原句："Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles..."，意为"患上（疾病）"。 6.point out — 课文原句："Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths."，意为"指出"。 7.above all / besides — 课文原句："Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults."，意为"最重要的是"；也可用 besides 表示"除……之外"。 8.come up with — 表示"想出、提出（主意、计划等）"，是课文中隐含的科研常用表达。 9.above all / first of all — "above all"意为"最重要的是"，"first of all"意为"首先"。 10.be famous for / be known for — 意为"因……而闻名"，后接闻名的原因。 二、阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空。 | impact | switch | pursue | conduct | trace | appreciate | inspire | abstract | champion | admit | Throughout history, great scientists have made significant contributions to human progress. Their work has had a profound 1. __________ on our daily lives. Take Qian Xuesen as an example. He made the decision to 2. __________ his major to aviation after the Songhu Battle broke out. He went to the United States to 3. __________ his graduate studies and helped 4. __________ important research into rocket propulsion. Much of China's aerospace technology can be 5. __________ back to his research. His deep 6. __________ for art often gave him 7. __________ in his scientific work. Stephen Hawking was another remarkable scientist. His world became one of 8. __________ thought after he fell ill. He was the biggest 9. __________ of the big bang theory and was brave enough to 10. __________ his faults. These qualities made him one of the greatest thinkers of our time. 【答案】1.impact 2.switch 3.pursue 4.conduct 5.traced 6.appreciation 7.inspiration 8.abstract 9.champion 10.admit 【解析】 1.impact — "have a profound impact on" 为固定搭配，意为"对……有深远的影响"。profound 修饰名词 impact。 1.switch — "switch his major to aviation" 意为"将专业转向航空学"。switch...to... 表示"从……转换到……"。 3.pursue — "pursue his graduate studies" 意为"攻读研究生学业"。pursue 表示"追求、从事"。 4.conduct — "conduct research" 为固定搭配，意为"进行研究"。conduct 作动词，意为"实施、进行"。 5.traced — "be traced back to" 为固定搭配，意为"追溯到……"。此处用过去分词构成被动语态。 6.appreciation — 此处需要名词作主语。"deep appreciation for art" 意为"对艺术的深刻欣赏"。 7.inspiration — "give sb inspiration" 意为"给某人灵感"。inspiration 为不可数名词，意为"灵感"。 8.abstract — 此处需要形容词修饰名词 thought。"abstract thought" 意为"抽象思维"。 9.champion — 此处为名词，意为"拥护者、捍卫者"。课文原句："The biggest champion of the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle." 10.admit — "admit his faults" 意为"承认他的错误"。admit 后接名词或动名词。 三、单句语法填空。 1.Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater __________ (impactful) on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 2.Qian was described as a man with great scientific thought and scientific spirit who was __________ (patriot) and served his homeland with devotion. 3.After the Songhu Battle broke out, Qian made the decision __________ (switch) his major to aviation. 4.Qian went to the United States in 1935 __________ (pursue) his graduate studies. 5.Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can be __________ (trace) back to Qian's research. 6.His deep appreciation for art often gave him __________ (inspire) in his scientific research. 7.Stephen Hawking was one of the most __________ (gift) scientists in physics. 8.Since he came down with a disease, his world became one of __________ (abstractly) thought. 9.During the question and answer period, Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle __________ (make) a mistake in his maths. 10.Above all, Hawking was willing __________ (admit) his faults. 【答案】1.impact 2.patriotic 3.to switch 4.to pursue 5.traced 6.inspiration 7.gifted 8.abstract 9.had made 10.to admit 【解析】 1.impact — "had a greater impact on" 为固定搭配，此处需要名词作 had 的宾语。impactful 是形容词，应改为名词 impact。 2.patriotic — 此处需要形容词作表语，修饰主语 he（Qian）。patriotic 意为"爱国的"。 3.to switch — "make the decision to do sth" 为固定搭配，意为"决定做某事"，后接不定式 to switch。 4.to pursue — 此处用不定式表示目的，"去美国是为了攻读研究生学业"。 5.traced — "be traced back to" 为被动语态，用过去分词 traced。 6.inspiration — 此处需要名词作 gave 的直接宾语。inspiration 意为"灵感"。 7.gifted — 此处需要形容词修饰 scientists。"gifted" 意为"有天赋的"，相当于 talented。注意不是 gift（名词）。 8.abstract — 此处需要形容词修饰名词 thought。abstract 意为"抽象的"，其副词形式为 abstractly。 9.had made — "pointed out" 是过去时，Hoyle 犯错发生在"指出"之前，属于"过去的过去"，用过去完成时 had made。 10.to admit — "be willing to do sth" 为固定搭配，意为"愿意做某事"，后接不定式 to admit。 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.也许没有哪位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大。 Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater __________ on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 2.钱学森决定将他的专业转向航空学。 Qian made the __________ to __________ his major to aviation. 3.钱学森去美国攻读研究生学业。 Qian went to the United States to __________ his __________ studies. 4.神州飞船背后的许多技术都可以追溯到钱学森的研究。 Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can be __________ back to Qian's research. 5.他对艺术的深刻欣赏经常在他的科研中给他灵感。 His deep __________ for art often gave him __________ in his scientific research. 6.霍金是物理学界最有天赋的科学家之一。 Stephen Hawking was one of the most __________ scientists in __________. 7.自从他患上了一种疾病后，他的世界变成了一个纯抽象思维的世界。 Since he __________ __________ with a disease, his world became one of __________ thought. 8.霍金站起来指出霍伊尔在数学上犯了一个错误。 Hawking stood up and __________ __________ that Hoyle had __________ a mistake in his maths. 9.除了才华横溢，他还很勇敢。 __________ being __________, he was brave. 10.最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。 __________ __________, Hawking was __________ to admit his faults. 【答案】1.impact 2.decision, switch 3.pursue, graduate 4.traced 5.appreciation, inspiration 6.gifted, physics 7.came down, abstract 8.pointed out, made 9.Besides, brilliant 10.Above all, willing 【解析】 1.impact — "have an impact on" 为固定搭配，意为"对……产生影响"。课文原句："Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen." 2.decision, switch — "make the decision to do sth" 意为"决定做某事"；"switch...to..." 意为"从……转换到……"。课文原句："Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation." 3.pursue, graduate — "pursue one's studies" 意为"求学、从事学业"；"graduate studies" 意为"研究生学业"。课文原句："Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies." 4.traced — "be traced back to" 为固定搭配，意为"追溯到……"，用被动语态。课文原句："Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can also be traced back to Qian's research." 5.appreciation, inspiration — "appreciation for" 意为"对……的欣赏"；"give sb inspiration" 意为"给某人灵感"。课文原句："His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research." 6.gifted, physics — "gifted" 意为"有天赋的"；"in physics" 意为"在物理学领域"。课文原句："Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics." 7.came down, abstract — "come down with" 意为"患上（疾病）"；"abstract thought" 意为"抽象思维"。课文原句："Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought." 8.pointed out, made — "point out" 意为"指出"；"make a mistake" 意为"犯错误"。课文原句："Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths." 9.Besides, brilliant — "besides" 意为"除……之外（还）"；"brilliant" 意为"才华横溢的"。课文原句："Besides being brilliant, he was brave." 10.Above all, willing — "above all" 意为"最重要的是"；"be willing to do" 意为"愿意做某事"。课文原句："Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults." 五、语法填空 Patriotism (爱国主义) can be shown not only in the years of war but also in the years of peace. In today’s era, our country still needs patriotism 1 (realize) the Chinese Dream. The well-known figures of patriotism we are familiar with 2 (be) the late scientists Huang Danian and Deng Jiaxian. Patriotism had been rooted deeply in their bones, for they fulfilled their dreams of rejuvenating (复兴) the Chinese nation with many exceptional 3 (achieve). The strategic geophysicist Huang Danian, with his particular expertise in deep earth exploration technology, has helped China take the lead in 4 number of technical fields, whether under the earth’s crust (地壳) 5 in the high sky. The nuclear physicist Deng Jiaxian, one of the founding fathers of the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” project, 6 (significant) contributing to China’s cause of national defense. Up to now, their patriotic deeds and deep affection for the motherland 7 (make) them role models, especially for the young. Both Huang and Deng are heroes of our time, 8 tremendous contributions originate from their hard work and patriotic feelings. With the passion 9 (pass) down to us, we should resolutely follow the path paved by them and draw inspiration 10 their noble spirit, shouldering the mission of realizing national rejuvenation. 【答案】 1．to realize 2．are 3．achievements 4．a 5．or 6．significantly 7．have made 8．whose 9． passed 10． from 【导语】文章主要讲的是爱国主义在和平年代的重要性，并通过黄大年和邓稼先的爱国事迹激励我们传承他们的精神，为实现中国梦而努力。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在当今时代，我国依然需要爱国主义来实现中国梦。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式to realize作目的状语，表示“国家需要爱国主义来实现中国梦”。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们熟知的爱国典范是已故科学家黄大年与邓稼先。此处为谓语动词，主语The well-known figures为复数，句子为客观介绍，使用一般现在时，所以填 are。 3．考查名词复数。句意：爱国主义深深融入他们的血脉，他们依靠诸多卓越成就实现中华民族复兴的理想。many后接可数名词复数，achieve的名词形式achievement，复数形式为achievements。 4．考查冠词。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年深耕深部探测技术，助力中国在诸多技术领域占据领先地位，无论是地下还是高空。此处考查固定搭配a number of，意为“许多”。 5．考查连词。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年深耕深部探测技术，助力中国在诸多技术领域占据领先地位，无论是地下还是高空。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配whether…or…，意为“无论……还是……”。 6．考查副词。句意：核物理学家邓稼先是“两弹一星”元勋之一，为中国国防事业作出重大贡献。修饰动词contributing需用副词，significant副词形式为significantly，表“有重大意义地”。 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：时至今日，他们的爱国事迹与家国情怀使他们成为榜样，尤其激励年轻人。此处为谓语动词，Up to now是现在完成时标志，主语their patriotic deeds and deep affection为复数，与make为主动关系，所以应用have made。 8．考查定语从句。句意：黄大年和邓稼先都是时代英雄，他们巨大的贡献源自辛勤付出与爱国情怀。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词heroes，空后有名词contributions，两者之间为所属关系，应用关系代词whose作定语。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：传承这份热忱，我们应当坚定不移地沿着他们开辟的道路前行，从他们崇高的精神中汲取力量，肩负起实现民族复兴的使命。此处为非谓语，passion与pass为被动关系，所以应用过去分词passed。 10．考查介词。句意：传承这份热忱，我们应当坚定不移地沿着他们开辟的道路前行，从他们崇高的精神中汲取力量，肩负起实现民族复兴的使命。此处考查固定搭配draw inspiration from，意为“从……汲取灵感/力量”。 六、阅读理解 On October 18, 2025, the world lost a great and well-known figure in modern science. Yang Zhenning, a famous scientist who studied theoretical physics, passed away in Beijing at the age of 103. As one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century, Yang’s important discoveries greatly changed the way we understand the basic rules of the universe. Born in Hefei, China, in 1922, Yang grew up on the campus of Tsinghua University, where his father taught mathematics. His passion for science bloomed early. He studied at the National Southwestern Associated University, receiving his bachelor’s degree in 1942. In 1946, Yang moved to the United States to pursue his Ph.D．at the University of Chicago, where he learned from the famous physicist Enrico Fermi. Yang quickly stood out for his great ability to solve complex theoretical problems. Yang’s most famous achievement occurred in 1957. At the age of 35, he and his partner made history by winning the Nobel Prize in Physics. They challenged a long-time scientific belief called the “law of parity conservation” (宇称守恒定律), which said that a physical process and its mirror image should behave the same way. Yang and Lee proved that for weak nuclear forces, this symmetry (对称) is broken. Their discovery solved a big problem in physics that had stopped progress for a long time, and it also created new areas for scientists to study. In his later years, Yang returned to China and settled at Tsinghua University. He dedicated himself to nurturing young Chinese talents, raising funds for research labs, and inviting international experts to lecture. Yang Zhenning’s extraordinary life showed that deep scientific curiosity can cross borders, leaving a lasting legacy that will inspire future generations of thinkers worldwide. 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs about Yang Zhenning? A．He was born in Beijing and grew up in the US. B．He developed an interest in science early in his life. C．He received his bachelor’s degree in 1946. D．He studied under Enrico Fermi at Tsinghua University. 2．What can be inferred about the discovery made by Yang and his partner? A．It confirmed the law of parity conservation. B．It was immediately accepted by all physicists. C．It opened up new research directions in physics. D．It was based on an earlier discovery by other scientists. 3．What did Yang focus on in his later years? A．Supporting the development of young Chinese talents. B．Raising funds for Chinese students to study abroad. C．Inviting international experts to the US. D．Doing research on weak nuclear forces. 4．Which of the following best describes Yang Zhenning according to the passage? A．Ambitious and competitive. B．Curious and hardworking. C．Modest and strict. D．Humorous and independent. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍杨振宁生平、重大物理成就以及晚年归国培育青年科研人才的事迹。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His passion for science bloomed early.(他从小就萌生了对科学的热爱。)”可知，杨振宁年少时就对科学产生兴趣。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Their discovery solved a big problem in physics that had stopped progress for a long time, and it also created new areas for scientists to study.(他们的发现解决了长期阻碍物理学发展的重大难题，也为科学家开辟了全新研究领域。)”可知，该发现拓展了物理学新研究方向。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In his later years, Yang returned to China and settled at Tsinghua University. He dedicated himself to nurturing young Chinese talents, raising funds for research labs, and inviting international experts to lecture.(晚年杨振宁回国定居清华，全身心致力于培养中国青年科研人才、为实验室募资、邀请海外专家讲学。)”可知，晚年他重点扶持国内青年科研人才成长。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“His passion for science bloomed early.(他很早就萌发了对科学的热爱。)”、第三段中的“Yang quickly stood out for his great ability to solve complex theoretical problems.(杨振宁凭借解决复杂理论问题的出众能力很快脱颖而出。)”以及最后一段中的“Yang Zhenning’s extraordinary life showed that deep scientific curiosity can cross borders, leaving a lasting legacy that will inspire future generations of thinkers worldwide.(杨振宁不凡的一生证明深厚的科学好奇心可以跨越国界，留下长久的精神财富激励全球一代代研究者。)”可知，杨振宁拥有强烈求知欲、潜心钻研学术。 七、七选五 Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been one of the most revolutionary technologies in recent decades, and its future development holds even more astonishing prospects. One significant trend is the continuous expansion of AI applications. For instance, in the transportation sector, self-driving vehicles are expected to become more common and reliable. They will improve traffic efficiency. 1 . It’s expected that in the near future, self-driving cars will be a mainstream mode of transportation. In the field of healthcare, AI will play an increasingly crucial role. 2 . By analysing an individual’s genetic data, lifestyle, and medical history, AI systems can more accurately predict diseases and recommend tailored treatment plans. This will lead to more effective prevention and cures. Another trend is the improvement of AI’s cognitive (认知的) abilities. AI will be able to understand and generate natural language more skillfully. 3 . Therefore, it will promote global communication and cooperation. Virtual assistants will also become more intelligent and human-like. They are able to have in-depth and meaningful conversations with users, understanding their emotions and intentions better. 4 . Smart factories will emerge (出现). Here AI-powered robots and machines can work together efficiently. They can improve production processes, detect faults in real-time, and adjust production parameters (参数) automatically, leading to higher productivity and quality control. Obviously, the future of AI technology is filled with unlimited possibilities. 5 , bringing about greater convenience, efficiency and progress. A．It can be used for personalised medicine B．The cost of developing AI remains extremely high C．It will reshape various industries and aspects of our lives D．It can monitor patients’ vital signs continuously in hospitals E．They’ll also reduce the number of accidents caused by human errors F．There’s no doubt that AI will fuel innovation in industrial production G．This means cross-language translation will be highly accurate and fluent 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．F 5．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了人工智能（AI）作为一项革命性技术的未来发展趋势，包括AI应用的持续扩展、认知能力的提升以及对工业生产的推动，并指出AI将为人类带来更大的便利、效率和进步。 【详解】 1．上文“They will improve traffic efficiency. (它们将提高交通效率。)”介绍了自动驾驶汽车的优势，下文“It’s expected that in the near future, self-driving cars will be a mainstream mode of transportation. (预计在不久的将来，自动驾驶汽车将成为主流交通方式。)”继续展望其前景。E项“They’ll also reduce the number of accidents caused by human errors (它们还将减少由人为错误造成的事故数量)”中的They指代self-driving vehicles，also表明是对上文优势的补充，与上下文构成递进关系，符合语境。 2．上文“In the field of healthcare, AI will play an increasingly crucial role. (在医疗领域，AI将发挥越来越重要的作用。)”引出AI在医疗中的作用，下文“By analysing an individual’s genetic data, lifestyle, and medical history, AI systems can more accurately predict diseases and recommend tailored treatment plans. (通过分析个人的基因数据、生活方式和病史，AI系统可以更准确地预测疾病并推荐量身定制的治疗方案。)”具体说明AI如何辅助医疗。A项“It can be used for personalised medicine (它可以用于个性化医疗)”中的It指代AI，personalised medicine与下文的tailored treatment plans相呼应，起到承上启下的作用。 3．上文“AI will be able to understand and generate natural language more skillfully. (AI将能够更熟练地理解和生成自然语言。)”说明AI语言能力的提升，下文“Therefore, it will promote global communication and cooperation. (因此，它将促进全球交流与合作。)”说明其带来的结果。G项“This means cross-language translation will be highly accurate and fluent (这意味着跨语言翻译将高度准确和流畅)”中的This指代上文提到的语言能力提升，cross-language translation与global communication and cooperation形成因果逻辑。 4．下文“Smart factories will emerge. Here AI-powered robots and machines can work together efficiently. They can improve production processes, detect faults in real-time, and adjust production parameters automatically, leading to higher productivity and quality control. (智能工厂将出现。在这里，AI驱动的机器人和机器可以高效协作。它们可以改进生产流程，实时检测故障，自动调整生产参数，从而提高生产力和质量控制。)”详细描述了AI在工业生产中的应用。F项“There’s no doubt that AI will fuel innovation in industrial production (毫无疑问，AI将推动工业生产的创新)”作为段落主题句，概括了本段内容，fuel innovation与下文的具体描述相吻合。 5．上文“Obviously, the future of AI technology is filled with unlimited possibilities. (显然，AI技术的未来充满无限可能。)”总结AI的前景，下文“bringing about greater convenience, efficiency and progress. (带来更大的便利、效率和进步。)”说明其影响。C项“It will reshape various industries and aspects of our lives (它将重塑各行各业和我们生活的方方面面)”中的It指代AI technology，reshape various industries and aspects of our lives与下文的greater convenience, efficiency and progress形成具体说明关系。 （2023·新课标一卷·阅读理解） When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 1．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone. C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor. 2．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem. C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine. 3．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John’s research plans. B．To show an application of John’s idea. C．To compare John’s different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John’s invention. 4．What is the basis for John’s work? A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive. C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 1 Period 2 Using Language 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 【答案】1.have an impact on 2.give up 3.take on 4.race back to 5.ome down with 6.point out 7.above all / besides 8.come up with 9.above all / first of all 10.be famous for / be known for 【解析】 1.have an impact on — 课文原句："Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen."，意为"对……产生影响"。 2.give up — 表示"放弃"，常用于放弃某物或放弃做某事（give up doing）。 3.take on — 课文原句："did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge."，意为"承担（挑战、责任等）"。 4.trace back to — 课文原句："Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can also be traced back to Qian's research."，意为"追溯到……"。 5.come down with — 课文原句："Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles..."，意为"患上（疾病）"。 6.point out — 课文原句："Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths."，意为"指出"。 7.above all / besides — 课文原句："Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults."，意为"最重要的是"；也可用 besides 表示"除……之外"。 8.come up with — 表示"想出、提出（主意、计划等）"，是课文中隐含的科研常用表达。 9.above all / first of all — "above all"意为"最重要的是"，"first of all"意为"首先"。 10.be famous for / be known for — 意为"因……而闻名"，后接闻名的原因。 二、阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空。 【答案】1.impact 2.switch 3.pursue 4.conduct 5.traced 6.appreciation 7.inspiration 8.abstract 9.champion 10.admit 【解析】 1.impact — "have a profound impact on" 为固定搭配，意为"对……有深远的影响"。profound 修饰名词 impact。 1.switch — "switch his major to aviation" 意为"将专业转向航空学"。switch...to... 表示"从……转换到……"。 3.pursue — "pursue his graduate studies" 意为"攻读研究生学业"。pursue 表示"追求、从事"。 4.conduct — "conduct research" 为固定搭配，意为"进行研究"。conduct 作动词，意为"实施、进行"。 5.traced — "be traced back to" 为固定搭配，意为"追溯到……"。此处用过去分词构成被动语态。 6.appreciation — 此处需要名词作主语。"deep appreciation for art" 意为"对艺术的深刻欣赏"。 7.inspiration — "give sb inspiration" 意为"给某人灵感"。inspiration 为不可数名词，意为"灵感"。 8.abstract — 此处需要形容词修饰名词 thought。"abstract thought" 意为"抽象思维"。 9.champion — 此处为名词，意为"拥护者、捍卫者"。课文原句："The biggest champion of the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle." 10.admit — "admit his faults" 意为"承认他的错误"。admit 后接名词或动名词。 三、单句语法填空。 【答案】1.impact 2.patriotic 3.to switch 4.to pursue 5.traced 6.inspiration 7.gifted 8.abstract 9.had made 10.to admit 【解析】 1.impact — "had a greater impact on" 为固定搭配，此处需要名词作 had 的宾语。impactful 是形容词，应改为名词 impact。 2.patriotic — 此处需要形容词作表语，修饰主语 he（Qian）。patriotic 意为"爱国的"。 3.to switch — "make the decision to do sth" 为固定搭配，意为"决定做某事"，后接不定式 to switch。 4.to pursue — 此处用不定式表示目的，"去美国是为了攻读研究生学业"。 5.traced — "be traced back to" 为被动语态，用过去分词 traced。 6.inspiration — 此处需要名词作 gave 的直接宾语。inspiration 意为"灵感"。 7.gifted — 此处需要形容词修饰 scientists。"gifted" 意为"有天赋的"，相当于 talented。注意不是 gift（名词）。 8.abstract — 此处需要形容词修饰名词 thought。abstract 意为"抽象的"，其副词形式为 abstractly。 9.had made — "pointed out" 是过去时，Hoyle 犯错发生在"指出"之前，属于"过去的过去"，用过去完成时 had made。 10.to admit — "be willing to do sth" 为固定搭配，意为"愿意做某事"，后接不定式 to admit。 "。 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 【答案】1.impact 2.decision, switch 3.pursue, graduate 4.traced 5.appreciation, inspiration 6.gifted, physics 7.came down, abstract 8.pointed out, made 9.Besides, brilliant 10.Above all, willing 【解析】 1.impact — "have an impact on" 为固定搭配，意为"对……产生影响"。课文原句："Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen." 2.decision, switch — "make the decision to do sth" 意为"决定做某事"；"switch...to..." 意为"从……转换到……"。课文原句："Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation." 3.pursue, graduate — "pursue one's studies" 意为"求学、从事学业"；"graduate studies" 意为"研究生学业"。课文原句："Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies." 4.traced — "be traced back to" 为固定搭配，意为"追溯到……"，用被动语态。课文原句："Much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can also be traced back to Qian's research." 5.appreciation, inspiration — "appreciation for" 意为"对……的欣赏"；"give sb inspiration" 意为"给某人灵感"。课文原句："His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research." 6.gifted, physics — "gifted" 意为"有天赋的"；"in physics" 意为"在物理学领域"。课文原句："Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics." 7.came down, abstract — "come down with" 意为"患上（疾病）"；"abstract thought" 意为"抽象思维"。课文原句："Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought." 8.pointed out, made — "point out" 意为"指出"；"make a mistake" 意为"犯错误"。课文原句："Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths." 9.Besides, brilliant — "besides" 意为"除……之外（还）"；"brilliant" 意为"才华横溢的"。课文原句："Besides being brilliant, he was brave." 10.Above all, willing — "above all" 意为"最重要的是"；"be willing to do" 意为"愿意做某事"。课文原句："Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults." 五、语法填空 【答案】 1．to realize 2．are 3．achievements 4．a 5．or 6．significantly 7．have made 8．whose 9． passed 10． from 【导语】文章主要讲的是爱国主义在和平年代的重要性，并通过黄大年和邓稼先的爱国事迹激励我们传承他们的精神，为实现中国梦而努力。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在当今时代，我国依然需要爱国主义来实现中国梦。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式to realize作目的状语，表示“国家需要爱国主义来实现中国梦”。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们熟知的爱国典范是已故科学家黄大年与邓稼先。此处为谓语动词，主语The well-known figures为复数，句子为客观介绍，使用一般现在时，所以填 are。 3．考查名词复数。句意：爱国主义深深融入他们的血脉，他们依靠诸多卓越成就实现中华民族复兴的理想。many后接可数名词复数，achieve的名词形式achievement，复数形式为achievements。 4．考查冠词。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年深耕深部探测技术，助力中国在诸多技术领域占据领先地位，无论是地下还是高空。此处考查固定搭配a number of，意为“许多”。 5．考查连词。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年深耕深部探测技术，助力中国在诸多技术领域占据领先地位，无论是地下还是高空。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配whether…or…，意为“无论……还是……”。 6．考查副词。句意：核物理学家邓稼先是“两弹一星”元勋之一，为中国国防事业作出重大贡献。修饰动词contributing需用副词，significant副词形式为significantly，表“有重大意义地”。 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：时至今日，他们的爱国事迹与家国情怀使他们成为榜样，尤其激励年轻人。此处为谓语动词，Up to now是现在完成时标志，主语their patriotic deeds and deep affection为复数，与make为主动关系，所以应用have made。 8．考查定语从句。句意：黄大年和邓稼先都是时代英雄，他们巨大的贡献源自辛勤付出与爱国情怀。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词heroes，空后有名词contributions，两者之间为所属关系，应用关系代词whose作定语。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：传承这份热忱，我们应当坚定不移地沿着他们开辟的道路前行，从他们崇高的精神中汲取力量，肩负起实现民族复兴的使命。此处为非谓语，passion与pass为被动关系，所以应用过去分词passed。 10．考查介词。句意：传承这份热忱，我们应当坚定不移地沿着他们开辟的道路前行，从他们崇高的精神中汲取力量，肩负起实现民族复兴的使命。此处考查固定搭配draw inspiration from，意为“从……汲取灵感/力量”。 六、阅读理解 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍杨振宁生平、重大物理成就以及晚年归国培育青年科研人才的事迹。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His passion for science bloomed early.(他从小就萌生了对科学的热爱。)”可知，杨振宁年少时就对科学产生兴趣。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Their discovery solved a big problem in physics that had stopped progress for a long time, and it also created new areas for scientists to study.(他们的发现解决了长期阻碍物理学发展的重大难题，也为科学家开辟了全新研究领域。)”可知，该发现拓展了物理学新研究方向。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In his later years, Yang returned to China and settled at Tsinghua University. He dedicated himself to nurturing young Chinese talents, raising funds for research labs, and inviting international experts to lecture.(晚年杨振宁回国定居清华，全身心致力于培养中国青年科研人才、为实验室募资、邀请海外专家讲学。)”可知，晚年他重点扶持国内青年科研人才成长。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“His passion for science bloomed early.(他很早就萌发了对科学的热爱。)”、第三段中的“Yang quickly stood out for his great ability to solve complex theoretical problems.(杨振宁凭借解决复杂理论问题的出众能力很快脱颖而出。)”以及最后一段中的“Yang Zhenning’s extraordinary life showed that deep scientific curiosity can cross borders, leaving a lasting legacy that will inspire future generations of thinkers worldwide.(杨振宁不凡的一生证明深厚的科学好奇心可以跨越国界，留下长久的精神财富激励全球一代代研究者。)”可知，杨振宁拥有强烈求知欲、潜心钻研学术。 七、七选五 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．F 5．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了人工智能（AI）作为一项革命性技术的未来发展趋势，包括AI应用的持续扩展、认知能力的提升以及对工业生产的推动，并指出AI将为人类带来更大的便利、效率和进步。 【详解】 1．上文“They will improve traffic efficiency. (它们将提高交通效率。)”介绍了自动驾驶汽车的优势，下文“It’s expected that in the near future, self-driving cars will be a mainstream mode of transportation. (预计在不久的将来，自动驾驶汽车将成为主流交通方式。)”继续展望其前景。E项“They’ll also reduce the number of accidents caused by human errors (它们还将减少由人为错误造成的事故数量)”中的They指代self-driving vehicles，also表明是对上文优势的补充，与上下文构成递进关系，符合语境。 2．上文“In the field of healthcare, AI will play an increasingly crucial role. (在医疗领域，AI将发挥越来越重要的作用。)”引出AI在医疗中的作用，下文“By analysing an individual’s genetic data, lifestyle, and medical history, AI systems can more accurately predict diseases and recommend tailored treatment plans. (通过分析个人的基因数据、生活方式和病史，AI系统可以更准确地预测疾病并推荐量身定制的治疗方案。)”具体说明AI如何辅助医疗。A项“It can be used for personalised medicine (它可以用于个性化医疗)”中的It指代AI，personalised medicine与下文的tailored treatment plans相呼应，起到承上启下的作用。 3．上文“AI will be able to understand and generate natural language more skillfully. (AI将能够更熟练地理解和生成自然语言。)”说明AI语言能力的提升，下文“Therefore, it will promote global communication and cooperation. (因此，它将促进全球交流与合作。)”说明其带来的结果。G项“This means cross-language translation will be highly accurate and fluent (这意味着跨语言翻译将高度准确和流畅)”中的This指代上文提到的语言能力提升，cross-language translation与global communication and cooperation形成因果逻辑。 4．下文“Smart factories will emerge. Here AI-powered robots and machines can work together efficiently. They can improve production processes, detect faults in real-time, and adjust production parameters automatically, leading to higher productivity and quality control. (智能工厂将出现。在这里，AI驱动的机器人和机器可以高效协作。它们可以改进生产流程，实时检测故障，自动调整生产参数，从而提高生产力和质量控制。)”详细描述了AI在工业生产中的应用。F项“There’s no doubt that AI will fuel innovation in industrial production (毫无疑问，AI将推动工业生产的创新)”作为段落主题句，概括了本段内容，fuel innovation与下文的具体描述相吻合。 5．上文“Obviously, the future of AI technology is filled with unlimited possibilities. (显然，AI技术的未来充满无限可能。)”总结AI的前景，下文“bringing about greater convenience, efficiency and progress. (带来更大的便利、效率和进步。)”说明其影响。C项“It will reshape various industries and aspects of our lives (它将重塑各行各业和我们生活的方方面面)”中的It指代AI technology，reshape various industries and aspects of our lives与下文的greater convenience, efficiency and progress形成具体说明关系。 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 2 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $