Unit 1 Friendship-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册词汇精讲精练（译林版）

Unit 1 Friendship 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： friendship honest cheerful humorous truth laugh thought trustworthy carefully sense sense of humor energetic 词汇精讲 序号 单词 讲解内容 friendship 释义：n.友谊；友情 /'frendfip/ 词形变化：friend(n.朋友)，friendly(adj.友好的)，friendship (血.) 词根词缀：friend(朋友)+-ship(抽象名词后缀，表关系) 搭配：build friendship建立友谊；true fiiendship真正的友谊 例句：True fiiendship is very important.. 真正的友谊非常重要。 honest 释义：ad.诚实的：正直的 /'pnist/ 词形变化：honesty(n.诚实)，dishonest(adj.不诚实的)， honestly(adv.诚实地) 词根词缀：hon-（来自拉丁语honor,名誉)+-est(形容词后缀) 搭配：be honest with sb.对某人诚实；to be honest说实话 例句：To be honest,,I don't like the film. 说实话，我不喜欢这部电影。 3 cheerful 释义：adj.快乐的；兴高采烈的：令人愉快的 /'tfiafV/ 词形变化：cheer./.欢呼，使振奋)，cheerfully(adv.), cheerfulness (n.) 词根词缀：cheer（欢呼)+-fl（充满…的) 搭配：a cheerful smile快乐的微笑；cheerful mood愉快的心情 例句：She always looks cheerful. 她总是看起来很开心。 humorous 释义：adj.幽默的；诙谐的 /hjumaras/ 词形变化：hmor(m.幽默)/humnour(英式)，humorously(adv.) 词根词缀：humor+-ous(形容词后缀，具有…性质的) 搭配：a humorous story幽默的故事；sense of humor幽默感 例句：He is a humorous person. 他是一个幽默的人。 truth 释义：n.真理：真相；事实 /u:0/ 词形变化：true(adj.真实的)，tuly(adv.真实地)，truthful(adj. 诚实的)，truthfully(adv) 词根词缀：t-（真实)+-th（抽象名词后缀) 搭配：tell the truth说实话；in truth事实上 例句：You should always tell the truth 你应该总是说实话。 6 laugh 释义：v.笑；发笑n笑声 /af/ 词形变化：laughter(n.笑)，laughing(adj./n),laughed(过去式/ 过去分词) 词根词缀：拟声词，无特殊 搭配：laugh at嘲笑；make sb.laugh使某人笑 例句：Don't laugh at others. 不要嘲笑别人。 thought 释义：n.想法：思想：思考v.think的过去式/过去分词 /0t/ 词形变化：think(w.思考)，houghtful(adj.深思的：体贴的)， thoughtless(adj.粗心的) 词根词缀：hink的名词形式 搭配：be deep in thought陷入沉思；thought of想到 例句：I have a good thought 我有一个好主意。 8 trustw orthy 释义：adj.值得信赖的；可靠的 /'trAstw3:ǒi/ 词形变化：tust(n.~.信任)，trusty(adj.可靠的)， trustworthiness (n.) 词根词缀：trust(信任)+-worthy(值得…的) 搭配：a trustworthy friend可信赖的朋友 例句：He is a trustworthy person. 他是一个值得信赖的人。 carefully 释义：adv.小心地；仔细地 /keafali/ 词形变化：care(w.h.关心；小心)，careful(adj.小心的)， careless(adj.粗心的) 词根词缀：care+-fl+y（副词后缀) 搭配：listen carefully仔细听；drive carefully小心驾驶 例句：Please listen carefully. 请仔细听。 10 sense 释义：n.感觉；意识；理智v.感觉到 /sens/ 词形变化：sensible(adj.明智的)，sensitive(adj.敏感的) 词根词缀：来自拉丁语sentire（感觉) 搭配：sense of humor幽默感；make sense有意义；sense of direction方向感 例句：He has a good sense ofhumor:. 他很有幽默感。 11 sense of humor 释义：短语：幽默感 /sens av 'hju:ma(r)/ 词形变化：同sense与humor 搭配：have a good sense of humor很有幽默感 例句：Everyone likes her because of her sense of humor. 每个人都喜欢她，因为她的幽默感 12 energetic 释义：ad.精力充沛的；充满活力的 /ena'd3etik/ 词形变化：energy(血.精力；能量)，energetically(adv.) 词根词缀：energy+-etic(形容词后缀，表示“…的”) 搭配：an energetic person精力充沛的人；stay energetic保持活力 例句：Young people are usually energetic. 年轻人通常精力充沛。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.My best friend and I have a deep (friend). 2.It's important to be (honesty)with your parents. 3.She always has a (cheer)smile on her face. 4.The (humor)story made everyone laugh. 5.Please tell me the (true).I can take it. 6.Don't (laugh)at those who make mistakes. 7.He sat there,deep in (think). 8.We need a (trust)person to look after the money. 9. (care)is the key to success in exams. 10.He has a good (sense)of direction and never gets lost. 11.She is full of (energetic)after a good sleep. 12.The teacher asked us to read the passage (care). (二)短文填空 Friendship is a very 1. (value)thing in life.A good friend should be 2. (honesty）and3. (trust).He or she is always 4.(cheer)and makes you (laugh).A 6. (humor)friend can always bring you happiness.When you are sad,a true friend will share your 7. (think)and help you.Everyone needs a sense of 8. (humorous).And an 9. (energy)friend can encourage you to do more things.Remember,never tell a lie-always tell the 10. (true).Finally, treat your friend 11. (care)and your friendship will last long. (三)短文选词填空 (用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次，每空限填一 个单词。) 方框词汇：friendship,honest,cheerful,humorous,tuth,laugh,thought,,trustworthy, carefully,sense,sense of humor,energetic My best friend Tom is a very 1._ boy.He always tells the 2. and never lies. He has a great 3. so he often makes me 4. He is also 5. and full 0f6. We share our 7. and feelings with each other.I know he is 8. -I can trust him with any secret.Our 9. is built on honesty and fun. Every time I feel down,he listens to me 10. and cheers me up.I value this 11 of belonging.To me,a 12. friend is the best gift in life. (四)完成句子 根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。 1.真正的友谊比金钱更珍贵。 True is more valuable than money. 2.说实话，我昨晚没完成作业。 I didn't finish my homework last night. 3她总是有个快乐的笑容，使每个人都感到温暖。 She always has a smile,making everyone feel warm. 4.他是一个幽默的人，我们都喜欢和他聊天。 He is a person,and we all enjoy talking with him. 5你应该告诉老师真相，而不是撒谎。 You should tell the teacher the instead of lying. 6别嘲笑别人，因为每个人都会犯错误。 Don't at others,because everyone makes mistakes. 7.他陷入了沉思，没有听到我的问题。 He was deep in and didn't hear my question. 8我的朋友是一个值得信赖的人，我可以告诉他任何事。 My friend is a person,and I can tell him anything. 9请仔细听老师讲课，你会学到很多。 Please listen to the teacher and you will learn a lot. 10.她很有幽默感，所以大家都很喜欢她。 She has a good _so everyone likes her very much. 11.他精力充沛，每天都能跑五公里。 He is very and can run five kilometres every day. 12.你应该认真考虑这个想法。 You should this thought. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.friendship 2.honest 3.cheerful ;4.humorous 5.truth 6laugh 7.thought 8.trustworthy ;9.Care 10.sense 11.energy ;12.carefully (二)短文填空 1.valuable 2.honest 3.trustworthy 4.cheerful 5.laugh 6.humorous 7.thoughts 8humor 9.energetic 10.truth 11.carefully (三)短文选词填空 1.honest 2.truth 3.sense of humor ;4.laugh 5.cheerful 6.energy i 7.thoughts 8.trustworthy 9.friendship 10.carefully 11.sense 12.humorous (四)完成句子 1.friendship 2.To be honest 3.cheerful 4.humorous 5.truth 6.laugh 7.thought 8.trustworthy 9.carefully 10.sense of humor 11.energetic 12.think carefully