Unit 7 The natural world-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册词汇精讲精练（译林版）

Unit 7 The natural world 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： climate ecosystem include hold return around store act nearly harmful therefore slow down harm certainly 词汇精讲 序号 单词 讲解内容 1 climate 释义：n.气候 /klaimat/ 词形变化：climatic(adj.气候的) 搭配：climate change气候变化；tropical climate热带气候 例句：The climate in this area is warm and wet. 这个地区的气候温暖潮湿。 ecosystem 释义：n.生态系统 /'ikausistam/ 词根：eco-(生态)+system(系统) 词形变化：ecological(adj.生态的)；ecology(m.生态学) 搭配：forest ecosystem森林生态系统：protect the ecosystem保护 生态系统 例句：We must protect the forest ecosystem. 我们必须保护森林生态系统。 3 include 释义：V.包括：包含 /m'klu:d/ 词根：in-(进入)+clude(关闭)→关在里面 词形变化：includes(三单)；included(过去式/过去分词)； including(介词)；inclusion(n.) 搭配：include sth.in把某物包括在…里 例句：The list includes many endangered animals. 名单包括许多濒危动物。 hold 释义：v.抓住；举行；容纳 /hauld/ 词形变化：held(过去式/过去分词)：holding(现在分词) 搭配：hold on坚持/别挂断；hold ameeting举行会议；hold up举 起/耽搁 例句：She held a camera in her hands. 她手里拿着一台相机。 return 释义：v.&n. 返回：归还 rI't3n/ 词根：e-(回)+tum(转) 词形变化：returns(三单)：returned(过去式/过去分词)： returning(现在分词)》 搭配：retun to回到；return sth.tosb.把…归还给某人；in return 作为回报 例句：Please retumn the book to the library on time, 请按时把书还给图书馆。 6 around 释义：adv.&prep. 在周围；大约 /a'raond/ 词形变化：无 搭配：around the world全世界；look around环顾四周；tm around转身 例句：There are many trees around the lake. 湖周围有很多树。 store 释义：v.储存；存放n.商店；储存 /st>:(r)/ 词形变化：stores(三单)；stored(过去式/过去分词)；storing(现 在分词)；storage(n.储存) 搭配：store up储存；store information存储信息 例句：Squirrels store nuts for winter. 松鼠储存坚果过冬。 8 act 释义：V.行动；扮演n.行为；法案 /aekt/ 词形变化：acts(三单)；acted(过去式/过去分词)；acting(现在 分词)；action(.行动)；active(adj.积极的)；actor/actress(n. 演员) 搭配：actas充当；act out表演；take action采取行动 例句：We need to act quickly to save the environment. 我们需要迅速行动拯救环境。 nearly 释义：adv.几乎；差不多 /'niali/ 词形变化：near(adi./adv.prep.靠近)；nearby(adj./adv.附近) 搭配：nearly finished几乎完成：not nearly远非 例句：It's nearly8o'clock.Let'shuy 快8点了，我们快点吧。 10 harmful 释义：adj.有害的 /'hamfl/ 词根：ham(伤害)+-fl(充满…的) 词形变化：ham(./w);harmfully(adv.);harmless(adj.无害的) 搭配：be harmful to对…有害 例句：Air pollution is harmful to our health. 空气污染对我们的健康有害。 11 therefore 释义：adv.因此；所以 /'eaf:(r)/ 词形变化：无 搭配：①表因果，常放句首或句中 例句：He didn't study hard;therefore,he failed the exam, 他没有努力学习，因此考试没通过。 12 slow down 释义：放慢：减速 /slao daun/ 词形变化：slow(adj.w.);slowed down(过去式)；slowing down (现在分词)》 搭配：slow down the speed减速；slow down a bit慢一点 例句：You should slow down when driving in the rain. 下雨天开车应该减速。 13 harm 释义：n.&v.伤害；损害 /ham/ 词形变化：hams(三单)；harmed(过去式/过去分词)；harming (现在分词) 搭配：do harm to对…有害；mean no harm没恶意 例句：Too much sunlight can harm your skin. 太多阳光会伤害你的皮肤。 14 certainly 释义：adv.当然；肯定地 /'s3:tnli/ 词形变化：certain(adj.确定的)；certainty(n.确定) 搭配：certainly not当然不；回答用语：一“Can you help me??” -Certainly.” 例句：He will certainly win the game. 他肯定会赢下比赛。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The (climate)here is very dry in winter. 2.A healthy (ecosystem)is important for all living things. 3.The price of the ticket (include)meals and drinks. 4.They (hold)a party last Saturday. 5.Please (return)the dictionary to me tomorrow. 6.The young man looked (around)but saw nobody. 7.The farmer (store)enough food for the winter every year. 8.The firemen (act)bravely to save the children yesterday. 9.He walked so slowly that (nearly)half an hour was wasted. 10.Smoking is (harm)to your lungs. 11.He forgot his keys; (therefore),he couldn't get into the house. 12. (slow)down when you pass the school. (二)短文填空 We all live in a big 1. (ecosystem).2. (Climate)change is 3. (harm)to many animals.We must 4. (act)now.For example,we should 5. (slow)down our use of plastic.Also,we can 6. (store) rainwater for plants.7. (certainly),every small action matters.8. (therefore),let's work together to protect our planet. (三)短文选词填空 (用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次，每空限填一 个单词。) 方框词汇：climate,ecosystem,include,hold,ietm,around,store,act,nearly,harmful, therefore,slow down,harm,certainly Last month,our class went on a field trip to a local forest.The 1. there is warm and rainy,which is perfect for the 2. Our guide told us that many species 3. birds,insects,and small mammals live in the forest.We saw a squirrel 4. nuts in a tree hole.A deer 5. for a moment and then ran away.We learned that some human activities can 6. the natural balance.For example,cutting down trees is 7. to the forest.8. we must protect it.We promised to 9. again next year and help plant new trees.10. everyone in our group agreed to take 11. .The trip was 12. perfect-we all had a great time. (四)完成句子 根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。 1.这个地区的气候正在发生变化。 The in this area is changing. 2这个生态系统包括许多不同的物种。 This many different species. 3请在这棵树下举行会议。 Please the meeting under this tree. 4夏天过后，候鸟会返回南方。 After summer,the migratory birds will to the south. 5教室周围种满了花。 There are many flowers the classroom. 6蚂蚁储存食物以备冬天。 Ants food for winter. 7.我们必须立即采取行动保护环境。 We must immediately to protect the environment. 8.几乎所有的学生都参加了这次活动。 all the students took part in this activity. 9噪音污染对我们的耳朵有害。 Noise pollution is to our ears. 10.他没有遵守规则，因此被罚了。 He didn't follow the rules; he was punished. 11.请减速，前面有学校。 Please there is a school ahead. 12.你肯定会通过这次考试的。 You will pass the exam. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.climate;2.ecosystem;3.includes;4.held;5.return;6.around;7.stores;8.acted; 9.nearly;10.harmful;11.therefore;12.Slow (二)短文填空 1.ecosystem;2.Climate;3.harmful;4.act;5.slow;6.store;7.Certainly;8.Therefore (三)短文选词填空 1.climate;2.ecosystem;3.include;4.storing;5.held;6.harm;7.harmful;8.Therefore; 9.return;10.Nearly;11.act;12.certainly (四)完成句子 1.climate;2.ecosystem includes;3.hold;4.return;5.around;6.store;7.act;8.Nearly; 9.harmful;10.therefore;11.slow down;12.certainly