Unit 6 Earth and Beyond-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册词汇精讲精练（仁爱科普版）

Unit 6 Earth and Beyond 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： universe beyond object appear separate include neither nor survive alive related 词汇精讲 序号 单词 词汇讲解 universe 释义：n.宇宙：天地万物 /'ju:nIv3:s/ 词形变化：universal/,ju:r'v3:sl/adj.普遍的；全世界的 词根词缀：uni-(单一)+verse(旋转)→宇宙是旋转统一的整体 搭配：in the universe在宇宙中 例句：The universe is very large. 宇宙非常大。 beyond 释义：prep.在…另一边；超出；adv.在更远处 /br'jond/ 词形变化：无 词根词缀：be-(在)+yond(那边)→在那边 搭配：beyond the moon在月球之外；beyond my imagination超出 我的想象 例句：The stars are beyond the clouds. 星星在云层之外。 3 object 释义：n.物体；目标宾语；v.反对 /'pbd3ikt//ab'd3ekt/ 词形变化：objective/ab'd3ektv/adj.客观的objection/ab'd3ekn/ n.反对 词根词缀：ob-(朝向)+ject(抛)→抛向眼前的东西→物体；反 过来抛→反对 搭配：a flying object一个飞行物；object to doing sth.反对做某事 例句：What is that object?? 那个物体是什么？ appear 释义：v.出现；看来：似乎 la'pia(r)/ 词形变化：appears(三单)；appeared(过去式)；appearance/A pIerans/,n.出现；外貌 词根词缀：ap-(加强)+pear(出现)一呈现出来 搭配：appear in the sky出现在天空中；appear to be似乎是 例句：The moon appears at night,. 月亮在夜晚出现。 separate 释义ad.单独的：分开的；v.分开：分离 /seprat//'sepereit/ 词形变化：separated(过去式/过去分词)：separately/'sepratli/ adv.分开地；separation/,sepa'reIn/n.分离 词根词缀：se-(分开)+par(准备)→各自准备→分开 搭配：separate..fom.把.…和…分开；live separately分开居住 例句：Please separate the waste into different groups. 请把垃圾分成不同类别。 6 include 释义：V.包括；包含 /m'klu:d/ 词形变化：includes(三单)；included(过去式/过去分词)； including（介词)包括…在内；inclusion /In'klu:3n/n.包括 词根词缀：in-(进入)+clude(关闭)→关在里面→包括 搭配：include...in.把…包括在…内 例句：The price includes the ticket. 这个价格包括门票。 neither 释义：pron./adj.两者都不；adv.也不 /'naida(r)/ 词形变化：无 词根词缀：no(不)+either(任意一个)→两个都不 搭配：neither..nor.既不…也不…（连接并列成分） 例句：Neither you nor I am wrong. 你和我都没错。 8 nor 释义：comj.也不；也没 h3:t)/ 词形变化：无 词根词缀：n0+or→也不 搭配：neither..nor..(见上)；not..nor.既不…也不…（较 少用) 例句：She can't swim,nor can I. 她不会游泳，我也不会。 survive 释义：v.幸存：存活：比…活得长 /sa'varv/ 词形变化：survives(三单)；survived(过去式/过去分词)； survival/sa'varv/n.幸存；survivor/sa'varva)/n.幸存者 词根词缀：sur-(超过)+vive(活)→超越死亡活下来 搭配：survive in the wild在野外幸存；survive the earthquake在地 震中幸存 例句：Only a few animals can survive in the desert. 只有少数动物能在沙漠中生存。 10 alive 释义：adj.活着的：有活力的 /a'larv/ 词形变化：无比较级（通常作表语或后置定语） 词根词缀：a-(在…状态)+live(活)→活着的 搭配：stay alive保持活着；be alive with充满（活物）；catch. alive活捉 例句：The fish is still alive. 那条鱼还活着。 11 related 释义：ad.相关的：有亲属关系的 /rI'lertrd/ 词形变化：relate /'lert/v.关联：叙述；relation/I'lerm/n.关系： 亲戚；relative/relatrv/n.亲戚adj.相对的 词根词缀：re-(回)+lat(携带)+ed一带回来的一有联系的 搭配：be related to与…有关；arelatedtopic相关话题 例句：These two problem.s are related, 这两个问题是相关的。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The sun is a star in the (universe). 2.I can't see anything (beyond)the mountain 3.What is that strange (object)in the sky? 4.The first stars (appear)in the evening sky 5.Please (separate)the red balls from the blue ones 6.The team (include)ten players 7 (neither)of the two answers is correct. 8.He can't sing, (nor)can he dance. 9.The little rabbit (survive)the cold winter 10.The old man is still (alive)after the accident 11.This topic is (relate)to our daily life 12.The (appear)of the moon makes the night beautiful. (二)短文填空 Our earth is a small part of the 1. (universe).There are many mysteries 2. (beyond)our planet.Scientists often study 3. (object)in space.Some planets (appear)to be very bright.They 5. (include)Mars and Venus.The Earth,6. (neither)too big nor too small,is a perfect home for us.Many animals 7 (survive)here for millions of years.To stay 8. (alive),we need to protect the environment.All these are 9. (relate)to our future.Let's 10 (separate)waste properly and take action. (三)短文选词填空 (用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次，每空限填一 个单词。) 方框词汇：universe,beyond,object,,appear,separate,include,neither,noI,survive,alive, relate Last week,our science teacher told us about the 1 He said there are many amazing things 2. our imagination.We saw pictures of 3 like stars and planets. Some stars 4. to be very large.They 5. many different colors.6. you 7. I can visit those stars now,but maybe one day we will.To 8. _in space,astronauts need special suits.They must stay 9. _in a very difficult environment.Everything in space is 10. to physics.Our teacher asked us to 11 the information into groups.This lesson is very interesting! (四)完成句子 根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。 1.宇宙中有数十亿颗恒星。 There are billions of stars 2那座山在我们的村庄之外。 The mountain is village 3.我能看见一个发光的物体在天空中。 I can see a shining in the sky 4.她似乎很累。 She be very tired. 5请把这些书和杂志分开。 Please these books the magazines. 6这个旅行团包括十名成人和五名儿童。 The tour group ten adults and five children. 7.他既不会说英语也不会说法语。 He can speak English French. 8汤姆不会游泳，他妹妹也不会。 Tom can't swim, his sister 9这只猫从火灾中幸存了下来。 The cat the fire 10.这种鱼离开水能活好几个小时。 This kind of fish can stay for several hours without water. 11.你的问题与这次讨论有关吗？ Is your question this discussion? 12.这位老人的出现让我们都很惊讶。 The old man's all of us. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.universe 2.beyond 3.object 4.appear 5.separate 6.includes 7.Neither 8.nor; 9.survived 10.alive 11.related 12.appearance (二)短文填空 1.universe 2.beyond ;3.objects 4.appear 5.include 6.neither 7.survive 8.alive 9.related 10.separate (三)短文选词填空 1.universe ;2.beyond ;3.objects 4.appear 5.include 6.Neither 7.nor 8.survive 9.alive 10.related 11.separate (四)完成句子 1in the universe 2.beyond our ;3.object 4.appears to 5.separate;from 6.includes 7.neither;nor 8.nor can 9.survived from 10.alive 11related to 12.appearance surprised