内容正文:
动词不定式作目的状语
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、什么是“动词不定式作目的状语”? 1
二、三种表达方式 1
1. 直接使用动词不定式(to do) 1
2. 使用 in order to 引导(正式、强调) 1
3. 使用 so as to 引导(更口语化、简洁) 2
三、否定形式(如何表达“为了不……/以免……”) 2
四、易错点与特殊注意事项 2
1. 逻辑主语必须一致 2
2. 目的状语 vs 结果状语(重点区分) 2
3. 与“for + 名词/动名词”的区别 3
五、句型转换(同义句) 3
六、中考分层练习题(30道) 3
第一部分:基础巩固(第1-10题) 3
第二部分:能力提升(第11-20题) 5
第三部分:综合挑战(第21-30题) 6
一、什么是“动词不定式作目的状语”?
动词不定式(to do)可以用来说明谓语动词所表示的动作发生的目的,意为“为了……”,在句中作目的状语。这是中考的重点考点之一。
· I went to the station to meet my friend.(我去车站是为了接我的朋友。——“接朋友”是“去车站”的目的)
· She studies hard to get good grades.(她努力学习是为了取得好成绩。)
二、三种表达方式
1. 直接使用动词不定式(to do)
直接在主句后面用 to do 表示目的,这是最常用、最简洁的方式。
· 位置:通常放在句末,也可以放在句首(用逗号隔开)。
· He got up early to catch the first bus.(他早起是为了赶上首班车。——句末)
· To catch the first bus, he got up early.(为了赶上首班车,他早起了。——句首)
⚠️ 句首强调:放在句首时,起强调作用,必须用逗号与主句隔开。
2. 使用 in order to 引导(正式、强调)
in order to 表示“为了……”,比单独用 to do 更正式、语气更强。
· 特点:可以放在句首或句末,都非常自然。
· In order to pass the exam, he stayed up late every night.(为了通过考试,他每晚熬夜。)
· He stayed up late every night in order to pass the exam.
3. 使用 so as to 引导(更口语化、简洁)
so as to 也表示“为了……”,语气与 to do 相近,但更口语化一些。
· 特点:通常不放在句首(现代英语中尽量避免),一般放在句末。
· He ran quickly so as to catch the last train.(他快速跑去是为了赶上末班火车。)
· ❌ So as to catch the train, he ran quickly.(不自然,应避免)
表达方式
句首
句末
正式程度
to do
✅(加逗号)
✅
最常用
in order to do
✅
✅
最正式
so as to do
❌(避免)
✅
口语化
三、否定形式(如何表达“为了不……/以免……”)
不定式作目的状语的否定形式,通常不使用 not to do(放在句首极不自然),而是使用:
· in order not to do
· so as not to do
· He got up early in order not to miss the bus.(他早起是为了不误车。)
· She spoke quietly so as not to wake the baby.(她轻声说话以免吵醒宝宝。)
· ❌ Not to miss the bus, he got up early.(虽语法不错,但极不自然,考试不推荐)
✅ 结论:否定目的状语,优先用 in order not to 或 so as not to。
四、易错点与特殊注意事项 ⭐⭐⭐
1. 逻辑主语必须一致
动词不定式作目的状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。否则,必须改用 so that 引导的目的状语从句。
· ✅ To learn English well, we need to practise every day.(“我们”学英语,逻辑主语一致)
· ❌ To learn English well, a lot of practice is needed.(“练习”不能学英语,逻辑主语不一致,错误!)
· 改为:So that we can learn English well, a lot of practice is needed.
2. 目的状语 vs 结果状语(重点区分)
to do 可作目的状语,也可作结果状语,但意义不同。
结构
含义
例句
to do(目的)
“为了……”,表示主观意图
He worked hard to pass the exam.(为了通过——主观努力)
so as to / in order to
只表目的,不表结果
同上
so...as to(结果)
“如此……以至于……”
He worked so hard as to pass the exam.(他如此努力,以至于通过了。——强调结果)
⚠️ 注意不要混淆:so as to(目的)≠ so...as to(结果)
3. 与“for + 名词/动名词”的区别
· to do:表具体动作的目的(动词性)—— I went there to see her.(具体去看她)
· for + n./doing:表用途或一般性目的(名词性)—— This knife is for cutting bread.(这把刀是用来切面包的,不强调具体动作)
五、句型转换(同义句)
原句
同义句
He got up early to catch the bus.
He got up early in order to catch the bus. / so as to catch the bus.
He got up early in order not to miss the bus.
He got up early so that he wouldn't miss the bus.(目的状语从句)
六、中考分层练习题(30道)
第一部分:基础巩固(第1-10题)
1. I got up early this morning ________ catch the early bus.
A. so that B. to C. for D. so as
答案:B
解析: 此处用动词不定式 to do 作目的状语,表示“早起是为了赶早班车”。so that 后接从句,for 表用途或原因,so as 后面必须加 to。故选 B。
2. ________ get good grades, she studies very hard every day.
A. To B. So as to C. In order that D. For
答案:A
解析: 放在句首作目的状语,可用 To do 或 In order to do,但 So as to 一般不放在句首。B 缺少 In,C 接从句,D 不接动词。故选 A。
3. We get up early ________ catch the first bus to the museum.
A. for B. to C. so D. and
答案:B
解析:to catch 是不定式作目的状语,表示早起的目的。
4. She takes notes carefully ____ remember all the important points.
A. to B. too C. for D. so that
答案:A
解析:to remember 表目的:认真记笔记是为了记住重点。
5. ________ improve his spoken English, he practices speaking every morning.
A. So as to B. In order to C. So that D. In order that
答案:B
解析: 句首表目的,可用 To do 或 In order to do。So as to 一般不放在句首,So that 接从句。故选 B。
6. The teacher spoke slowly ________ make himself understood.
A. so as to B. so that C. in order that D. for
答案:A
解析: 句末表目的,用 so as to 正确。B 和 C 后接从句,for 表原因。故选 A。
7. He got up early ________ he could catch the first bus.
A. to B. so as to C. so that D. in order to
答案:C
解析: 观察后面有从句 he could catch...(有主语 he 和情态动词 could),所以必须用连词 so that 引导目的状语从句。故选 C。
8. They went to the airport ________ meet their favourite star.
A. so as to B. so that C. in order that D. for
答案:A
解析: 句末表目的,后面是动词原形 meet,需用 so as to(或 to / in order to)。B 和 C 接从句,D 接名词。故选 A。
9. My father gave up smoking ________ live a healthier life.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so that D. for
答案:A
解析: 句末表目的,后接动词原形 live,用 so as to 正确。B/C 接从句,D 接名词。故选 A。
10. ________ make fewer mistakes, I checked my test paper again and again.
A. So as to B. In order to C. So that D. For
答案:B
解析: 句首表目的,只能用 To do 或 In order to do,不能用 So as to 开头。故选 B。
第二部分:能力提升(第11-20题)
11. He hurried to the station ________ miss the train.
A. in order to not B. so as not to C. not to D. to not
答案:B
解析: 否定目的状语应为 in order not to 或 so as not to。A 语序错误(应为 not to),C 不自然,D 错误。故选 B。
12. ________ catch the early bus, I set my alarm clock for 5:30.
A. So as to B. For C. In order to D. So that
答案:C
解析: 句首表目的,用 In order to 正确。So as to 不置句首,For 接名词,So that 接从句。故选 C。
13. She opened the window quietly ________ get some fresh air.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so that D. for
答案:A
解析: 句末表目的,后接动词原形,用 so as to 正确。in order that / so that 后接从句,for 后接名词。故选 A。
14. ________ get a better view of the city, we climbed to the top of the tower.
A. So as to B. In order to C. So that D. For
答案:B
解析: 句首表目的,用 In order to。So as to 不放在句首,So that 和 For 不符合。故选 B。
15. The doctor advised him to exercise more ________ keep healthy.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so that D. in order not to
答案:A
解析: 句末表肯定目的,后接动词原形 keep,用 so as to 正确。B/C 接从句,D 表否定不符合。故选 A。
16. We should turn off the lights ________ save electricity.
A. so as to B. in order to C. to D. All of the above
答案:D
解析: 句末表目的,三种表达(to do / in order to / so as to)均可。所以 A、B、C 都对,故选 D。
17. He spoke loudly ________ let everyone hear him clearly.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so that D. for
答案:A
解析: 句末后接动词原形 let,用 so as to。B/C 接从句,D 接名词。故选 A。
18. I'll write down your address ________ forget it.
A. so as not to B. in order to not C. not so as to D. to not
答案:A
解析: 否定目的状语为 so as not to,B 语序错误,C 位置错误,D 不常用。故选 A。
19. ________ learn more about Chinese culture, many foreigners come to China.
A. So as to B. So that C. In order to D. For
答案:C
解析: 句首表目的,用 In order to。故选 C。
20. The police stopped the traffic ________ let the ambulance pass.
A. so as to B. in order to C. to D. All of the above
答案:D
解析: 句末表目的,三种表达方式均可,故选 D。
第三部分:综合挑战(第21-30题)
21. ________ catch the train, he got up very early, but he still missed it ________ the heavy traffic.
A. In order to; because of B. So as to; because C. To; so D. For; as
答案:A
解析: 第一空句首表目的,用 In order to;第二空“由于交通堵塞”后接名词短语,用 because of(because 接句子)。故选 A。
22. He works hard every day ________ he can achieve his dream.
A. to B. in order to C. so as to D. so that
答案:D
解析: 观察后面有从句 he can achieve...(有主语 he 和情态动词 can),必须用连词 so that(或 in order that)引导目的状语从句。故选 D。
23. Many students watch English videos ________ improve their listening skills.
A. so that B. to C. for D. will
答案:B
解析:空格后是动词原形improve,用不定式to do作目的状语;so that后面需要接完整句子。
24. To improve your English, ________ reading English newspapers every day.
A. you should practise B. practising C. to practise D. practised
答案:A
解析: 考查 逻辑主语一致。句首 To improve your English 的逻辑主语必须是“人”,所以主句主语应为 you。故选 A。
25. He saved some money ________ buy a present for his mother.
A. so as to B. in order to C. to D. All of the above
答案:D
解析: 句末表目的,三种方式均可。故选 D。
26. ________ get up late tomorrow, I set the alarm clock for 6 a.m.
A. So as not to B. In order not to C. Not to D. In order to
答案:B
解析: 句首表否定目的,只能用 In order not to(so as not to 不放在句首)。句意为“为了明天不晚起,我把闹钟设到6点”。故选 B。
27. The mother walked into the room quietly ________ wake up her sleeping baby.
A. so as not to B. in order not to C. so that not D. A and B
答案:D
解析: 句末表否定目的,so as not to 和 in order not to 均可。C 结构错误。故选 D。
28. ________ the problem, we need to work together.
A. Solve B. To solve C. Solving D. For solving
答案:B
解析: 句首表目的,用动词不定式 To solve。A 是原形不能作状语,C 是动名词表伴随或主语,D 介词短语表用途(不如 B 准确)。故选 B。
29. He spoke very clearly ________ make himself understood by everyone.
A. so as to B. so that C. in order that D. A and B and C 都可以
答案:A(但请注意区分!)
解析: 若选 A(so as to),后面接动词原形 make,表目的“为了被理解”。若选 B/C,则需改为 so that he could make。此处后面是 make 原形,所以只能用 to / in order to / so as to。A 正确。
30. The government built more schools ________ children in poor areas can get better education.
A. so as to B. in order to C. to D. so that
答案:D
解析: 观察后面有从句 children...can get...(有主语和情态动词),需用连词 so that 引导目的状语从句。故选 D。A/B/C 后均接动词原形,不符合。
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动词不定式作目的状语
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、什么是“动词不定式作目的状语”? 1
二、三种表达方式 1
1. 直接使用动词不定式(to do) 1
2. 使用 in order to 引导(正式、强调) 2
3. 使用 so as to 引导(更口语化、简洁) 2
三、否定形式(如何表达“为了不……/以免……”) 2
四、易错点与特殊注意事项 2
1. 逻辑主语必须一致 2
2. 目的状语 vs 结果状语(重点区分) 3
3. 与“for + 名词/动名词”的区别 3
五、句型转换(同义句) 3
六、中考分层练习题(30道) 3
第一部分:基础巩固(第1-10题) 3
第二部分:能力提升(第11-20题) 4
第三部分:综合挑战(第21-30题) 5
一、什么是“动词不定式作目的状语”?
动词不定式(to do)可以用来说明谓语动词所表示的动作发生的目的,意为“为了……”,在句中作目的状语。这是中考的重点考点之一。
· I went to the station to meet my friend.(我去车站是为了接我的朋友。——“接朋友”是“去车站”的目的)
· She studies hard to get good grades.(她努力学习是为了取得好成绩。)
二、三种表达方式
1. 直接使用动词不定式(to do)
直接在主句后面用 to do 表示目的,这是最常用、最简洁的方式。
· 位置:通常放在句末,也可以放在句首(用逗号隔开)。
· He got up early to catch the first bus.(他早起是为了赶上首班车。——句末)
· To catch the first bus, he got up early.(为了赶上首班车,他早起了。——句首)
⚠️ 句首强调:放在句首时,起强调作用,必须用逗号与主句隔开。
2. 使用 in order to 引导(正式、强调)
in order to 表示“为了……”,比单独用 to do 更正式、语气更强。
· 特点:可以放在句首或句末,都非常自然。
· In order to pass the exam, he stayed up late every night.(为了通过考试,他每晚熬夜。)
· He stayed up late every night in order to pass the exam.
3. 使用 so as to 引导(更口语化、简洁)
so as to 也表示“为了……”,语气与 to do 相近,但更口语化一些。
· 特点:通常不放在句首(现代英语中尽量避免),一般放在句末。
· He ran quickly so as to catch the last train.(他快速跑去是为了赶上末班火车。)
· ❌ So as to catch the train, he ran quickly.(不自然,应避免)
表达方式
句首
句末
正式程度
to do
✅(加逗号)
✅
最常用
in order to do
✅
✅
最正式
so as to do
❌(避免)
✅
口语化
三、否定形式(如何表达“为了不……/以免……”)
不定式作目的状语的否定形式,通常不使用 not to do(放在句首极不自然),而是使用:
· in order not to do
· so as not to do
· He got up early in order not to miss the bus.(他早起是为了不误车。)
· She spoke quietly so as not to wake the baby.(她轻声说话以免吵醒宝宝。)
· ❌ Not to miss the bus, he got up early.(虽语法不错,但极不自然,考试不推荐)
✅ 结论:否定目的状语,优先用 in order not to 或 so as not to。
四、易错点与特殊注意事项 ⭐⭐⭐
1. 逻辑主语必须一致
动词不定式作目的状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。否则,必须改用 so that 引导的目的状语从句。
· ✅ To learn English well, we need to practise every day.(“我们”学英语,逻辑主语一致)
· ❌ To learn English well, a lot of practice is needed.(“练习”不能学英语,逻辑主语不一致,错误!)
· 改为:So that we can learn English well, a lot of practice is needed.
2. 目的状语 vs 结果状语(重点区分)
to do 可作目的状语,也可作结果状语,但意义不同。
结构
含义
例句
to do(目的)
“为了……”,表示主观意图
He worked hard to pass the exam.(为了通过——主观努力)
so as to / in order to
只表目的,不表结果
同上
so...as to(结果)
“如此……以至于……”
He worked so hard as to pass the exam.(他如此努力,以至于通过了。——强调结果)
⚠️ 注意不要混淆:so as to(目的)≠ so...as to(结果)
3. 与“for + 名词/动名词”的区别
· to do:表具体动作的目的(动词性)—— I went there to see her.(具体去看她)
· for + n./doing:表用途或一般性目的(名词性)—— This knife is for cutting bread.(这把刀是用来切面包的,不强调具体动作)
五、句型转换(同义句)
原句
同义句
He got up early to catch the bus.
He got up early in order to catch the bus. / so as to catch the bus.
He got up early in order not to miss the bus.
He got up early so that he wouldn't miss the bus.(目的状语从句)
六、中考分层练习题(30道)
第一部分:基础巩固(第1-10题)
1. I got up early this morning ________ catch the early bus.
A. so that B. to C. for D. so as
2. ________ get good grades, she studies very hard every day.
A. To B. So as to C. In order that D. For
3. We get up early ________ catch the first bus to the museum.
A. for B. to C. so D. and
4. She takes notes carefully ____ remember all the important points.
A. to B. too C. for D. so that
5. ________ improve his spoken English, he practices speaking every morning.
A. So as to B. In order to C. So that D. In order that
6. The teacher spoke slowly ________ make himself understood.
A. so as to B. so that C. in order that D. for
7. He got up early ________ he could catch the first bus.
A. to B. so as to C. so that D. in order to
8. They went to the airport ________ meet their favourite star.
A. so as to B. so that C. in order that D. for
9. My father gave up smoking ________ live a healthier life.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so that D. for
10. ________ make fewer mistakes, I checked my test paper again and again.
A. So as to B. In order to C. So that D. For
第二部分:能力提升(第11-20题)
11. He hurried to the station ________ miss the train.
A. in order to not B. so as not to C. not to D. to not
12. ________ catch the early bus, I set my alarm clock for 5:30.
A. So as to B. For C. In order to D. So that
13. She opened the window quietly ________ get some fresh air.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so that D. for
14. ________ get a better view of the city, we climbed to the top of the tower.
A. So as to B. In order to C. So that D. For
15. The doctor advised him to exercise more ________ keep healthy.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so that D. in order not to
16. We should turn off the lights ________ save electricity.
A. so as to B. in order to C. to D. All of the above
17. He spoke loudly ________ let everyone hear him clearly.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so that D. for
18. I'll write down your address ________ forget it.
A. so as not to B. in order to not C. not so as to D. to not
19. ________ learn more about Chinese culture, many foreigners come to China.
A. So as to B. So that C. In order to D. For
20. The police stopped the traffic ________ let the ambulance pass.
A. so as to B. in order to C. to D. All of the above
第三部分:综合挑战(第21-30题)
21. ________ catch the train, he got up very early, but he still missed it ________ the heavy traffic.
A. In order to; because of B. So as to; because C. To; so D. For; as
22. He works hard every day ________ he can achieve his dream.
A. to B. in order to C. so as to D. so that
23. Many students watch English videos ________ improve their listening skills.
A. so that B. to C. for D. will
24. To improve your English, ________ reading English newspapers every day.
A. you should practise B. practising C. to practise D. practised
25. He saved some money ________ buy a present for his mother.
A. so as to B. in order to C. to D. All of the above
26. ________ get up late tomorrow, I set the alarm clock for 6 a.m.
A. So as not to B. In order not to C. Not to D. In order to
27. The mother walked into the room quietly ________ wake up her sleeping baby.
A. so as not to B. in order not to C. so that not D. A and B
28. ________ the problem, we need to work together.
A. Solve B. To solve C. Solving D. For solving
29. He spoke very clearly ________ make himself understood by everyone.
A. so as to B. so that C. in order that D. A and B and C 都可以
30. The government built more schools ________ children in poor areas can get better education.
A. so as to B. in order to C. to D. so that
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