第二部分 主题群三 主题语境14 跨文化沟通、包容与合作（教用版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（话题版）

高考总复习英语(H) 主题语境14跨文化沟通 I.阅读理解 A Orange chicken,sweet and sour pork,fried rice...Max Burns lists several typical Western- style of Chinese dishes that disappoint him.For a 21-year-old native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China,those cuisines are far from authentic,but rather a category which is invented to cater to Western prefer- ences. What also upsets Burns is that the view of Chinese food has been subsequently skewed )Quite a few Westerners recognize that particular type of fare as the whole of Chinese cuisine. "They almost have no clue about the extent of Chinese cuisine,about how it varies because people forget how big China is.It is a country that has deserts from one side,jungles and sea from the other side.Each area has its unique style of cooking,he says. Burns tries to showcase the richness of deli- cious Chinese dishes by vlogging(拍摄并上传) about making Chinese dishes at home."Food is probably the most accessible way for everyone to learn an alien culture,he says. Sometimes,his British friends would join to help."And quite often,they were shocked by the diversity of Chinese cuisine.They've had a long time to figure out that Chinese food is just a lot more complex."The food adventure has helped Burns grow into an influencer with more than three million of subscribers worldwide today. "So,I can definitely say that I've changed some people's ideas about Chinese food. Interestingly,when Burns first started vlog- ging in 2016 directly after moving back to Brigh- ton,England from Beijing,copying Chinese food at home was a then“stupid idea”,as he puts it, because he was never super into cooking.At the time,the videos centered more on explaining as- pects of Chinese culture,including movies,snacks, restaurants and more. Looking ahead,Burns has some plans in mind."I would love to do a travel food show throughout China on TV.Also,I would love to have my own res- taurant in the future.That's definitely going to hap- pen.” 1.When did Max Burns return to Brighton,Eng- land according to the text? A.Aged 13. B.Aged 14. C.Aged 16. D.Aged 21. ·4 、包容与合作学生用书330 2.How does Max Burns change people's wrong attitude to the Chinese cuisines? A.Treat them to Chinese dishes. B.Write reports on Chinese cuisines. C.Cook Chinese dishes for them in person. D.Display authentic Chinese cuisines on line. 3.What is Paragraph 5 of the text mainly about? A.Burns's ambitions. B.Burns's achievements. C.Burns's adventures. D.Burns's subscribers. 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ A.Influencer Develops a Taste for Chinese Cuisine B.Influencer Has Done What He Can to Change C.Chinese Cuisines Have to Cater to Westerners D.Chinese Cuisines Have Been Around the World [语篇解读]本文讲述一些中国莱肴为了迎合西 方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生活了13 年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是 他通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做的中国菜 的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的 误解。 1.B[细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Fora21 year-old native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China(对于一个在中 国度过了头13年人生的21岁的英国年轻人来 说)”和第六段第一句“Interestingly,when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 directly af- ter moving back to Brighton,England from Beijing”(有趣的是，20l6年从北京搬回英国布 菜顿后，伯恩斯第一次开始发视频)可知，伯恩 斯头13年的人生是在中国度过的，说明他14岁 回到了英国的布莱顿。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据第四段“Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese di- shes by vlogging(拍摄并上传)about making Chinese dishes at home..(Burns试图通过在家 制作中国菜的视频博客来展示中国菜的丰富多 样。)”可知Max Burns是通过在视频博客上展 示真正的中国菜来改变人们对中国菜的错误认 知的。] 3.B[主旨大意题。根据第五段“So,I can defi- nitely say that I've changed some people's ideas about Chinese food.(所以，我可以肯定地说，我 改变了一些人对中餐的看法。)”可知，第五段主 要讲了伯恩斯的成就。门 4.A[主旨大意题。本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了 迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国 生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇 感沮丧，于是他通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在 2 家里做的中国菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些 人对中国菜肴的误解。所以短文的标题为“网 红提升了（众人）对中国菜肴的鉴赏力”。] B In some parts of the world people are likely to plan for the future,while in others people are more likely to live in the moment.In some socie- ties people prefer more personal space;in others they are comfortable being in close quarters in public. There are a number of theories about where cultural differences between societies come from. In a growing number of cases,researchers have found that human culture can be shaped by key features of the environments in which people live. Ecology includes basic physical and social characteristics of the environment-such factors as how rich a place is in resources,how common infectious(传染性的)diseases are,how heavily populated a place is,and how much threat there is to human safety.Variables(可变因素)like temperature and the availability of water can be key ecological features. For over 200 societies,our lab at Arizona State University gathered comprehensive data on nine key features of ecology-such as rainfall, temperature,infectious disease and natural re- sources-and dozens of aspects of human cultural variation -including values,strength of social norms(规范)，personality,motivation and insti- tutional characteristics.With this information we created the Eco Cultural Dataset.Using this dataset,we were able to generate a range of esti- mates for just how much of human cultural varia- tion can be explained by ecology. We ran a series of statistical models looking at the relationship between our ecological varia- bles and each of the 66 cultural outcomes we tracked.For each of the cultural outcomes,we calculated the average amount of the cultural di- versity across societies that was explained by this combination of nine different ecological factors. We found that nearly 20%of cultural variation was explained by the combination of these ecolog- ical features. Importantly,our statistical estimates take into account common issues in cross-cultural re- search.There will likely be unmeasured similari- ties between societies with shared historical roots and traditions. Ecology isn't the only reason people around the world think and behave differently.But our work suggests that,at least in part,our environ- ments shape our cultures. ·4 第二部分人与社会 5.What is mainly talked about in the first para- graph? A.Different plans for the near future. B.The impact of cultural diversity on society. C.The difficulty of handling cultural differences. D.Sharp distinctions in diverse cultures and re- gions. 6.What do we know about the Eco Cultural Data- set？ A.It's a combination of human and nature. B.It's a combination of ecology and culture. C.It's a comparison between theory and practice. D.It's a comparison between ecology and cul- ture. 7.What did the author's lab want to find out? A.Where cultural differences come from. B.Whether ecological features affect culture. C.How strong the ecology-culture connection is. D.Why cultural differences between societies exist. 8.What is the conclusion of the author's study? A.Shared traditions lead to cultural similari- ties. B.There are cultural differences between socie- ties. C.Environments are shaped by the cultures people live in. D.Cultural differences partly come from eco- logical factors. [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了 一项研究发现，世界不同地区的文化差异一定程 度上受到了生态因素的影响。 5.D[主旨大意题。浏览第一段内容，结合第一 段关键句“In some parts of the world people are likely to plan for the future,while in others people are more likely to live in the moment. (在世界的某些地方，人们可能会为未来做计 划，而在另一些地方，人们更有可能活在当 下。)”可知，第一段告诉我们不同文化和地区有 明显的区别，某些地方，人们会为未来做计划， 而在另一些地方，人们活在当下，由此可知，第 一段主要讨论了不同文化和地区的明显区别。 故选D项。」 6.B[细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“For over 200 societies,our lab at Arizona State Universi- ty gathered...created the Eco Cultural Dataset. (对于200多个社会，我们在亚利桑那州立大学 的实验室收集了关于生态学九个关键特征的全 面数据，如降雨、温度、传染病和自然资源，以及 人类文化变异的数十个方面，包括价值观、社会 规范的强度、人格、动机和制度特征。基于这些 信息，我们创建了生态文化数据集。)”可知，生 态文化数据集包括了关于生态学九个关键特征 和人类文化变异的数十个方面，由此可知，生态 文化数据集是生态和文化的结合。故选B项。] 3 高考总复习英语(H) 7.C[推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Using this dataset,we were able to generate a range of estimates for just how much of human cul- tural variation can be explained by ecology. 用这个数据集，我们能够生成一系列估计，说明 生态学可以解释多少人类文化变异。)”可知，作 者的实验室使用这个数据集是为了了解生态学 和人类文化变异之间有多么深的关系，由此可 知，作者的实验室想找出生态文化之间的联系 有多强。故选C项。] 8.D[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Ecology isn't the only reason people around the world think and behave differently.But our work suggests that,at least in part,our environ- ments shape our cultures.(生态学并不是世界 各地人们思考和行为不同的唯一原因。但我们 的研究表明，至少在一定程度上，我们的环境塑 造了我们的文化。)”可知，作者的研究表明生态 不是影响文化的全部因素，但至少在一定程度 上影响文化，由此可知，作者的研究结论是文化 差异部分来自生态因素。故选D项。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Like many young people,Jessica wants to travel the globe.Unlike most of them,this 25- year-old is doing it 1.She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.It might sound like one long,expensive 2,but the couple has an unusual way to make their trav- el 3. They're part of a new form of the 4 economy:an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 5 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's 6 。 It's not all sightseeing.The two travelers carefully 7 their trips,scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 8.But house sitting also offers a level of 9 they can't find in a hotel."It's like 10 at a friend's house,"Jessica says. The couple has a high 11 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go be- yond the homeowner's 12.For Jessica,that means 13 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 14 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house."You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right15,”she says. 1.A.indoors B.online C.single-handed D.full-time 2.A.game B.service C.vacation D.procedure 3.A.safe B.busy C.helpful D.affordable ·4 4.A.local B.private C.sharing D.agricultural 5.A.strangers' B.parents C.co-workers' D.neighbors' 6.A.favor B.defense C.honor D.absence 7.A.plan B.explain C.compare D.complete 8.A.buy B.transport C.choose D.please 9.A.support B.comfort C.control D.attention 10.A.cooking B.staying C.waiting D.studying 11.A.success B.survival C.growth D.unemployment 12.A.budget B.abilities C.expectations D.understanding 13.A.admiring B.donating C.sending D.borrowing 14.A.clean B.open C.simple D.empty 15.A.guess B.decision C.response D.impression [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jes sica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在 他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房 主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被 接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主 的预期。 1.D[考查形容词（副词）词义辨析。句意：与他 们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职 从事这项工作。A.indoors在室内；B.online在 线的；C.single-handed单手的；D.full-time全职 的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world,stop- ping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在过 去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到 新加坡在各地停留。)”可知，这位25岁的年轻 人全职从事这项工作。 2.C[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是 一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不 同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。 A.game游戏；B.service服务；C.vacation假期； D.procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环 球旅行，所以是假期。] 3.D[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是 一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同 寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A.safe安 全的；B.busy忙碌的；C.helpful有帮助的；D.af fordable买得起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long,expensive'”指听起来昂贵，但这对 夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担 得起。门 4.C[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享 经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A.local当 地的；B.private私人的；C.sharing分享；D.ag ricultural农业的。根据后文“economy:anon line group of house sitters'”以及提到他们免费 住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济。] 5.A[考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住 在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的 时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A.strangers'陌生人 的；B.parents'父母的；C.co-workers''同事的； D.neighbors'邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球 旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。门 6.D[考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住 在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的 时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A.favor帮助；B.de fense防御；C.honor荣誉；D.absence缺席。根 据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给 植物浇水。] 7.A[考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者 仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦 的宠物安排他们的日子。A.plan计划； B.explain解释；C.compare比较；D.complete完 成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用 plan。 8.D[考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者 仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦 的宠物安排他们的日子。A.buy购买； B.transporti运输；C.choose选择；D.please取 悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes dif- ficult to'”指某些宠物很难照管。] 9.B[考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也 能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。 A.support:支持；B.comfort舒适，安慰；C.con trol控制；D.attention注意力。结合后文提到 像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在 酒店里找不到的舒适感。] 10.B[考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在 朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A.cooking烹饪； B.staying停留；C.waiting等待；D.studying学 习。根据后文“at a friend's house”指像呆在朋 友家，应用stay at。] 11.A[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接 受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主 的预期。A.success成功；B.survival存活； C.growth生长；D.unemployment失业。根据 后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters'” 可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应 用success。] 12.C[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接 受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主 的预期。A.budget预算；B.abilities能力； C.expectations期待；D.understanding理解。 上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率 很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以 成功率才高。」] 13.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来 说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持 房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂 亮的小礼物。A.admiring钦佩；B.donating捐 ·4 第二部分人与社会 赠；C.sending发送；D.borrowing借来。根据 后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房 主发送宠物的照片。] 14.A[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来 说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持 房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂 亮的小礼物。A.clean千净的；B.open开放的； C.simple简单的；D.empty空的。根据上文可 知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房 子的清洁。] 15.B[考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主 觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A.guess猜 测；B.decision决定；C.response反应；D.im pression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人， 所以是房主做了正确的决定。] Ⅲ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，是阳光中学英语广播台的负 责人。英语广播台将举办主题为“志愿服务，从我 做起”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一则英语通知发 布到学校英文网站上，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.具体要求。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Notice English Speaking Competition Li Hua English Radio Station [参考范文] Notice English Speaking Competition In an effort to promote the spirit of volun- teerism and inspire our students to actively en- gage in community service,the English Radio Station will be hosting an English speaking com- petition with the theme "Volunteering,Start with Me”. Requirements for the competition are as fol- lows:Firstly,participants are required to deliver a 3-5 minute speech on their personal voluntee- ring experiences or propose a volunteer project in areas such as environmental conservation,education,com- munity support.Secondly,speeches should be in English,demonstrating proper grammar,vocab- ulary,and pronunciation.The competition is going to be held in our School Lecture Hall at 2 p.m.on 20th June. If you want to participate,please go to our school website and fill in your entry form online before 15th June. Li Hua English Radio Station