第二部分 主题群五 主题语境19 不同民族：文化习俗与传统节日（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（话题版）

高考总复习英语(H) 第二部分 人与社会 主题群五 历史、社会与文化 主题语境19 不同民族：文化习俗与传统节日 必修第三册：UNIT1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS 人教版 必修第三册：UNIT3 DIVERSE CULTURES 话 北师版 必修第一册：UNIT3 CELEBRATIONS 与 外研版 必修第二册：Unit2Let's celebrate! 材 必修第二册：Unit3 Festivals and customs 译林版 选择性必修第一册：Unit1 Food matters 话题语料>基础复盘 [Part1]识记重点单词 [第一组] 16.lunar//'luno(r)/adj.阴历的；月球的；月亮的 ☐L.ceremony/.'seromani/,n.典礼；仪式 17.makeup/meikAp/,n.化妆品；性格；构成方式 ☐2.claim/kleim/vt.&.n.夺取（生命）；宣称；断言 ☐18.march/mat/vi.&.n.行进；前进；游行 ☐3.costume/'kpstju:m/n.某地或某历史时期的服 再次背诵时间：月 装；戏装 [第二组] ☐4.custom./'kAstom/n.风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾 ☐l9.material/m3'toriol/n.材料；布料；素材adj.物 ☐5.envelope/'envalaup/n.信封 质的；实际的 ☐6.ethnic/'e0nik/adj.具有民族特色的；异国风味 □20.plate/plet/n.盘子，碟子；板块；车牌 的；民族的；种族的 2l.pumpkin/'pAmpkin/n.南瓜 ■ 22.romantic/.rau'maentik/adj.浪漫的；爱情的； ☐7.extend/k'stend/vt.使伸长；使延期；提供；给予 (Romantic)浪漫主义的 ☐8.eye catching./al,katf/adj.惹人注意的，引人 ☐23.samba/'semb3/n.桑巴舞；桑巴舞曲 注目的 ☐24.souvenir,/1surv3'nI(r)/n.纪念物；纪念品 ☐9.feature/fi:t(r)/vt.以…为特色n.特色；特 ☐25.spicy/'spaisi/,adj.加有香料的；辛辣的 征；特点 ☐26.stuff/stAf/n.东西，物品；基本特征vt.填满， ☐10.figure/'fig(r)/n.人物；数字；体形t.认为； 装满，把…塞进 认定 ☐27.tear/te(r)/t.&.i.(tore,torn)撕裂，撕碎 ☐1l.firecracker/'faiokraeko(r)/n.鞭炮；爆竹 /tio/n.眼泪，泪珠 ☐12.firework,/'fa1w3k/n.烟火，烟花 28.throughout/0ru:'aut/prep.在整个期间，自始 ☐13.harvest/'ha:vist/n.收获季节；收获；收成vi. 至终 &t.收割（庄稼）；捕猎（动物、鱼） 29.wave/weIv/v.挥舞；飘扬；招手n.波浪；浪潮； ☐14.item/'atom/n.项目；一件商品（或物品）；一条 挥手 (新闻) □30.wedding/.'wedn/n.婚礼；结婚庆典 ☐15.lantern/'laenton/n.k灯笼 ☐31.carnival/'kanv()l/n.狂欢节；嘉年华 ·210· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 ☐32.Coming-of-Age Day成人节 43.gather/'ge0(r)/vi.聚集；集合ot.收拢；搜 □33.Thanksgiving(Day)感恩节 集，收集；聚集→gathering n.聚会 ☐34.Halloween/haelou'in/n.万圣节前夕 44.honour/'pn3(r)/n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 ☐35.Dragon Boat Festival端午节 再次背诵时间： 月 日 再次背诵时间： S [第四组] 45.merry./'meri/adi.快乐的→merrily adv.欢快 [第三组] 地；兴高采烈地 ☐36.agriculture/'egrikAlt.(r)/n.农业；农艺> 46.occasion/'keI3(o)n/n.特别的事情（或仪式、 agricultural adj.农业的 庆典)；（适当的）机会 □37.appropriate/'praupriot/,adj.适当的；合适的； 47.poison,/'pz(o)n/n.毒物；毒药；毒素t.毒 恰当的→appropriately adv.合适地，适当地→ 死；毒害→poisonous adj..引起中毒的；有毒 inappropriate adj.不恰当的 的；分泌毒素的 ☐38.belief,/br'li:f/n.信仰；信心；信任→believe vt. 48.religion/r'ld3n/n.宗教；宗教信仰→reli 相信→believable adj.可以相信的→unbeliev- gious adj..宗教的；笃信宗教的 49.respect/rr'spekt/n.&vt.尊敬，尊重>respect- able adj.难以置信的 ful adj.表示敬意的，尊敬的→respectable ☐39.charm/tjam/n.魅力；迷人的特征；咒语u.吸 adj.值得尊敬的；体面的，得体的 引；使陶醉→charming adj.迷人的；可爱的 50.select/,s'lekt/u.挑选，选拔→selection n.挑 ☐40.decorate/,'dekoreit./vt.装饰；装潢；美化→dec- 选，选拔 oration n.装饰物 51.settle/'set(o)l/v.定居；结束（争论）；解决（纠 ☐4l.fortune/'fo:tfu:n/n.机会；运气；大笔的钱> 纷)>settlement n.定居点；解决；移民→set fortunate adj..幸运的；饶幸的→fortunately tler n.移居者；殖民者 adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 52.tradition/trs'd(o)n/n.传统>traditional ☐42.indicate/'ndikeit/u.表明，显示→indication adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地 n.迹象；标示 再次背诵时间： 月 日 [Part2]熟背核心短语 ☐l.fade away逐渐消失；（身体）变得虚弱 12.pass away去世 ☐2.go off爆炸；走火；离开 ☐13.calm down冷静下来 □3.set off出发；动身；启程；点燃 ☐14.series of=a series of一系列或一连串（事件） ☐4.after all毕竟，别忘了 ☐15.let sth.off使某物爆炸 ☐5.bring about导致；引起 16.scare sb../sth.away把某人/物吓跑 ☐6.apart from(especially NAmE aside from)除 ☐l7.make an effort尽力 了…外（还）；此外 I8.in the air可感觉到；在传播中；流行 □7.dress(sb.)up穿上盛装；装扮 19.be caught up in被卷入，陷入 □8.put up张贴 20.in honour of向…表示敬意 ☐9.pass down使世代相传，流传 21.catch sb.'seye与某人对视；吸引某人的注意 ☐10.fall on适逢，正当 22.in spite of不管；尽管 ☐ll.sweep away扫除；清除 再次背诵时间： 月 日 [Part3]存储经典句式 ☐1.“no matter十疑问词”引导的状语从句 你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事 Call it unhealthy if you want,but that is the 风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。（北师选一 way I roll,no matter what it is I'm applying my- self to. UNIT 2 SUCCESS) ·211· 高考总复习英语(H) ☐2.with复合结构 ☐3.完全倒装 Here are some of our favourites,to remind us Two of our men then threw their equipment off that some of the English we learn in the class- and climbed out of the trench with their hands room is rather different from the English in the above their heads as our representatives. outside world!这里有一些我们最喜欢的（帖 子)提醒我们，一些我们在教室里学习的英语与 然后，我们的两名土兵脱下装备，爬出战壕，作 外面世界的英语是相当不同的！（外研必一Unit2 为我方代表双手举过头顶。（北师选四UNT11 Exploring English) CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE) 再次背诵时间： 月 日 语基验收，复盘共赢 对应学生用书P159 Part1分类识记单词一用时少·功效高 6.lantern n.k灯笼 1l.lantern n.k灯笼 L.costume n.服装；戏装 7.lunar adj.阴历的；月球的；月 12.romantic adj.浪漫的；爱 读单 2.envelope n.信封 亮的 情的 3.ethnic adj.具有民族特色的； 8.makeup n.化妆品 l3.samba n.桑巴舞；桑巴舞曲 知 异国风味的 9.march vi. 8n.行进；前进： 14.souvenir n.纪念物；纪念品 4.firecracker n.鞭炮；爆竹 游行 l5.spicy adj.加有香料的；辛 5.firework n.烟火，烟花 10.plate n.盘子，碟子 辣的 [记准记牢] [用准用活] 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1.ceremony n.典礼；仪式 1.(2024·新课标I卷)These data are also bi- 2.claim vt..&n.夺取（生命）；宣称；断言 ased toward certain species with attractive or 3.custom n.风俗，习俗 eye-catching features. 4.extend ut.使伸长；使延期 2.Everything is placed where she wanted it for 5.feature vt..以…为特色n.特色；特征；特点 the opening ceremony. 6 figure n.人物；数字；体形vt.认为；认定 3.(2024·全国甲卷)Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the 7.harvest n.收获季节；收获；收成vi.&.vt.收割（庄 Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. 词 稼) 4.(2024·北京卷)Each pair of students meets 练 8.item n.项目；一件商品（或物品） three times throughout the term with a teach- 9.material n.材料；素材adj.物质的 er who decides if the exchange is effective. 通 10.stuff n.东西，物品；基本特征vt.填满，装满； 5.The party was in celebration of Mother's sil- ver wedding. 把…塞进 6.The minister of the education department 11.tear n.眼泪，泪珠t.&.vi.(tore,torn)撕裂， claimed that violent films were polluting the 撕碎 minds of our children. 12.throughout prep.在整个期间，自始至终 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)After harvest,users sim 13.wave v.挥舞；飘扬；招手n.波浪；挥手 ply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded 14.wedding n.婚礼；结婚庆典 pod(容器)to get the next growth cycle star ted. ·212· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 [记准记牢] [用准用活] 1.agriculture n.农业；农艺→agricultural adj.农 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 业的 1.They make great gifts and you see them many 2.appropriate adj.适当的；恰当的→appropriate- times decorated decorate)with red envelopes ly adv..合适地，适当地→inappropriate adj.不 恰当的 and messages of good fortune. 3.belief n.信仰；信心；信任→believe vt.相信→ 2.As your friend,I feel honoured(honour)to be believable adj..可以相信的→unbelievable invited to your birthday party. adj.难以置信的 3.The children in our family are always respectful 4.charm n.魅力v.吸引；使陶醉→charming adj. (respect)to their elders. 迷人的；可爱的 4.(2024·新课标卷)Each town has its own tra 5.decorate vt.装饰；装潢→decoration n.装饰物 ditional (tradition)dish,and every family keeps 6.fortune.机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的； a recipe passed from one generation to another. 侥幸的fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortu 5.Modernization is the key to speeding up our agri- nately adv.不幸地 cultural (agriculture)development. 拓 7.indicate v.表明，显示→indication n.迹象；标示 6.(2024·北京卷)These universal norms far pre- 8.honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honourable adj. date the concept of any moralising religion(re- 词 荣誉的；值得尊重的 gious)or written law. 用 9.merry adj.快乐的→errily ad.欢快地；兴高 采烈地 7.In other words,employing body language appro- 活 10.occasion n.特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）；（适当 priately (appropriate)can help you break down 的)机会→occasional adj.偶然的→occasional- barriers in communication. ly adv..偶然地 8.After a long discussion,the two sides reached a 1l.poison n.毒物；毒药vt.毒死；毒害→poison- settlement(settle). ous adj..引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的 9.(2024·1月浙江卷)A single sugary treat,se 12.religion n.宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗 lected (select)by the child,was placed on a ta- 教的；笃信宗教的 ble. l3.respect n.&vt.尊敬，尊重→respectful adj. 10.If bitten by a poisonous(poison)snake or in- 表示敬意的，尊敬的→respectable adj.值得尊 sect,you are supposed to squeeze the poison out 敬的体面的，得体的 as soon as possible. 14.select v.挑选，选拔→selection n.挑选，选拔 11.Don't worry.There is no harm in your staying 15.settle vt..&.vi.定居；结束（争论）；解决（纠 up late occasionally(occasion). 纷)→settlement n.定居点；解决；移民→settler 12.I've heard that you are a talented young n.移居者；殖民者 l6.tradition n.传统→traditional adj.传统的 woman,and I have found you charming(charm) traditionally adv.传统地 and intelligent as well. 上串下联· 规律探寻 名词后缀“-tion”一览 中国节日 ①tradition 传统 ①the Spring Festival 春节 ②subscription 订阅 2the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节 ③prescription 处方 3the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节 ④absorption 吸收 ODouble Ninth Festival 重阳节 ⑤solution 方案 ⑤National Day 国庆节 ⑥description 描述 ⑥Teachers'Day 教师节 ·213· 高考总复习英语(H) Part2分组背练短语一不枯燥·兴趣高 先记牢 再用准 选用左栏短语的正确形式填空 ●[第一组] 汉译英 1.The couple set off in August from Morocco,drove 1.fade away 逐渐消失；（身体）变得虚弱 through the Sahara and were heading for Zimb- 2.go off 爆炸；走火；离开 abwe. 3.set off 出发；动身；启程；点燃 2.Since a lot of traditions are fading away,the gov- 4.after all 毕竟；别忘了 5.bring about 导致；引起 ernment advocates preserving traditional culture. 3.She dressed up and went to the English evening 6.in honour of 向…表示敬意 party in a hurry. ●[第二组]英译汉 4.Don't forget to invite Lisa to your birthday party 1.apart from 除了…外（还）；此外 though you had a quarrel.After all,you are 2.dress(sb.)up 穿上盛装；装扮 friends 3.pass down 使世代相传，流传 5.The monument was built in honour of the sol- 4.sweep away 扫除；清除 diers who died for the country. 5.calm down 冷静下来 6.Their houses were swept away by the flood,so 6.be caught up in 被卷入，陷入 they had to build new ones. 上串下联 规律探寻 “in十n.+of”短语大比拼 all相关短语荟萃 ①in honour of 向…表示敬意 ①after all 毕竟；终归 ②in view of 鉴于，考虑到 ②in all 总共；总计 ③in memory of 纪念… ③above all 首先；最重要的是 ④in respect of 关于，涉及 ④first of all 首先 ⑤in terms of 就…而言 ⑤all in all 总的来说 ⑥in charge of 主管，掌管 ⑥not at all 一点也不 Part 3 句式教材迁移 一汇教材·背典句 句型公式 融汇教材 Even today,no matter where Chinese people live(无论中国人在哪里生话)or what “no matter-十疑问词” dialect they speak,they can all still communicate in writing.(UNIT 5 LAN- 引导的状语从句 GUAGES AROUND THE WORLD) Water pollution levels increased,with more household and commercial waste ending with复合结构 up in the river(随着更多的家庭和商业垃圾最终汇入河流).（人教选三UNIT3 ENVIR OMENTAL PROTCETION) As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern（格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里). 完全倒装 (人教选四UNIT1 SCIENCE FICTION) ·214· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 考点精研>高效练通 对应学生用书P162 [Part 1 核心词汇·多维练透] L.fortune n.机会；运气 (1)seek/try one's fortune 找出路；碰运气 2Rick is such a successful businessman that he make a fortune 发财；赚钱 has made a fortune. have the good fortune to do sth. [二维写美]一应用文写作之旅游 有幸做某事 ③我有幸得到一次沿丝绸之路旅行的宝贵机会。 (2)fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的 >I am fortunate to get/in getting a precious op- be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. portunity to travel along the Silk Road.(fortu- 有幸做某事 nate) (3)fortunately adv. 幸运地 I have the good fortune to get a precious oppor- tunity to travel along the Silk Road.(fortune) unfortunately adv. 不幸地 [三维学考对接]—颂中华 [一维练透]—单句语法填空 4In China,children are given lucky money in a DHe went to America to seek his fortune and red envelope to bring good fortune in the New imagined he would be very fortunate,but unfortu- Year. nately,he couldn't even make ends meet.(for- 在中国，给孩子们压岁钱时把钱装在红包里，以祈 tune) 求在新的一年带来好运。 2.honour n,荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 (1)be honoured for 2Thanks to them,a family was saved from the 因…而受到尊敬或获得荣誉 fire.Grant and the policeman were honoured be/feel honoured to do sth./of doing... (honour)for their courage. [二维写美]一应用文写作之传统文化 做…而感到荣幸 ③应邀给你们做关于中国传统文化的讲座我深感 (2)have the honour to do/of doing... 荣幸。 有幸做…… -I feel honoured to be invited to give you a lec- It is one's honour to do sth. ture on traditional Chinese culture.(honoured) 做某事是某人的荣幸 -It is my honour to be invited to give you a lec- (3)in honour of ture on traditional Chinese culture..(it作形式主 为了纪念…；为向…表示敬意 语) [三维学考对接]—颂中华 [一维练透]一单句语法填空 4We celebrate Teachers'Day every year in hono- D People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in ur of teachers. honour of Qu Yuan,who is a great Chinese poet. 我们每年都庆祝教师节，向老师致敬。 3.occasion n.特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）；（适当的）机会 (1)当occasion作先行词表示…的时候”，且关 3It's helpful to put children in an occasion where 系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用when; they can see themselves differently. (2)当occasion作先行词表示“场合”，且关系词 4It is an occasion when family members gather together and have a good rest. 在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用where; [二维写美]—一应用文写作之道歉信 (3)当occasion作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中 ⑤我有时间和孩子们共度一天的机会很少。 作主语或宾语时，用关系代词that或which。 Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to [一维练透]一单句语法填空 spend a day with my kids. DOn the other occasion,they ate a rich morning [三维学考对接]一满分作文 ⑥(2024·北京卷)It's great to hear you're plan- meal about two hours before they started walk- ning to write about China's achievements on the ing. occasion of the 75th anniversary of the founding of 2 Occasionally(occasional),I would read a novel this country. that was assigned,but I didn't enjoy this type of 很高兴听到你计划在建国75周年之际写一篇关于 reading. 中国成就的文章。 ·215· 高考总复习英语(H) 4.respect n.&vt.尊敬，尊重 (1)respect sb.for sth 因为某事尊重某人 [二维写美]一应用文写作之人物介绍 (2)show/have respect for..尊重 ③（全国I卷，书面表达）在我们生活的许多方面， in every respect 在各方面 总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，我不得不 give one's respects to sb.向某人问候/致意 提到我的数学老师。 in respect of-with respect to In many respects of our life,there are always re- 至于，关于，就…而言 spectable people.With respect to/In respect of (3)respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的，得体的 the person I respect most,I have to mention my maths teacher. respectful adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的 [三维学考对接]一颂中华 [一维练透]—单句语法填空 OIn China,it is a virtue and tradition to respect ①（全国I卷）She has been devoted to her work our teachers,who unselfishly help us to gain much for which I respect her a lot. knowledge. 2After arrival at your home,give my respects to 在中国，尊敬我们的老师是一种美德和传统，他们 your father. 无私地帮助我们获得了很多知识。 5.settle vt.&vi.定居；结束（争论）：解决（纠纷） (1)settle for 勉强接受，将就 2 With the government's aid,millions of people settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来 affected by the terrible earthquake have moved to settle in/into 安顿下来；习惯于；适应 the new settlements(settle). [二维写美]—一应用文写作之求助信 settle down to (doing)sth. ③每天有许多艰难的问题要解决，我感到压力 开始认真对待/做某事 很大。 (2)settlement n. 定居点；解决；移民 With so many hard problems to settle every day,I settler n. 移居者；殖民者 feel greatly stressed.(with复合结构) [一维练透]一单句语法填空 [三维学考对接]一指出句中黑体settle的意思 ④(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)I liked traveling in France, DHaving settled in/into a beautiful village,he but when it came to picking my favorite spot to settles down to his writing. settle,Italy was the clear winner. 定居 6.after all毕竟；别忘了 first of all 首先；第一 [二维写美]一应用文写作之邀请信 all in all 整体说来；总而言之 ④总之，我真诚地邀请你到我们学校来看看。 in all 全部；合计 above all 最重要；首先 All in all,I sincerely invite you to come to our [一维练透]一用all的相关短语填空 school and see for yourself. D You shouldn't have scolded him for his poor [三维学考对接]—颂中华 performance.After all,he had done his best. 2To be great,you must be smart,confident,and, 5 As an old saying goes,after all,individual above all,honest. 3We will learn Unit 2 today.First of all,let's strength is limited. have a dictation. 俗话说得好，个人的力量毕竟是有限的。 7.bring about导致；引起 bring down 降低；减少 2It is reported that the terrible accident was bring in 吸引；引进；赚得 brought about by John's carelessness. bring up 教育；抚养（孩子）；提出（议题 3 The government has taken measures to bring 等)；呕吐 down the high prices. bring out 使显现；推出 [二维写美]一应用文写作之传统文化 bring back 带回来；回想 ④这家人的善意让我对人性有了信心，将来我会努 [一维练透]一用bring的相关短语填空 力给别人带来温暖。 DBy looking for the best in others,you indirectly The kindness of the family brought back my faith bring out the best in yourself. in humanity and I would try to bring warmth to others in the future. ·216· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 8.pass down使世代相传；流传 (1)pass by 经过(…旁边)；通过 4Suddenly the man passed out and was sent to (2)pass away 去世 the nearest hospital at once. (3)pass out 昏迷，失去知觉 [二维写美]一补全句子 (4)pass up 放过，放弃；错过（机会） ⑤刚才我经过的时候，注意到那个女孩在哭。 [一维练透]——单句语法填空 I noticed the girl was crying when I passed by just now. DIt is a pity that you should pass up such a good [三维学考对接]—一典句赏析 opportunity to go to university. ⑥(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple 2He was born in 1921 and passed away peaceful- lyric form that has been passed down through the ly at the age of 90 in 2011. ages can still be employed today to draw attention 3 The tradition of eating dumplings during the to important truths. Spring Festival has been passed down for 卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传， hundreds of years. 至今仍可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。 [Part2经典句式·写作迁移 l.“疑问词+ever”引导的让步状语从句 (教材对接)Wherever it blew,I should know that the wind had been going there,too. 无论它向哪里吹，我都知道风也曾去过那里。（人教选三UNIT5 POEMS) [写作迁移]一微写作 whichever,who(m)ever,whenever,wher- ①无论那个电影明星走到哪里，都有一群人等着 ever,however,whatever既可引导让步状语 从句，又可引导名词性从句。引导让步状 看她。 用法 语从句时，疑问词十-ever与“no matter-十 Wherever the film star goes,there are crowds of 归纳 疑问词”完全相同，可以互换。但引导名 people waiting to see her. ②无论她说什么对我们的安排没有任何影响。 词性从句时，疑问词十-ever不可与“no matter十疑问词”互换。 Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements. whoever,whatever,whichever引导名词 ③每年，制作最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节中 注意 性从句时在句中作成分。whoever, 获奖。 事项 whatever常作主语、宾语；whichever常 Every year,whoever makes the most beautiful kite 作定语。 will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 2.完全倒装 (教材对接)As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那 儿。（人教选四UNIT1 SCIENCE FICTION) 完全倒装是把谓语动词放在主语前面，常用于以 [写作迁移]—一微写作 下几种情况： ①楼的对面是宿舍，宿舍的旁边是教学楼。 (1)here,there,now,then,in,out,off,away Opposite the building is a dorm,beside which 表示地点或时间的副词或者介词短语置于句 stands the teaching building. 首，谓语动词是be,come,go,remain,lie,run ②这是你所关心的餐桌礼仪。 等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装。 Here is /comes the table manners you're con- (2)主系表结构中，作表语的形容词、分词置于句 cerned about. 首时用完全倒装。 ③这座城市的西面有一座古庙，里面有许多古籍被 (3)such作表语置于句首时用完全倒装。 很好的保存。 [名师点津]该句型多用一般现在时或一般过 To the west of the city stands an old temple in 去时。 which many ancient books are well preserved. ·217· 高考总复习英语(H) 提能加餐>素养培优 对应学生用书P165 22 [培优1]多维练通活运用 一、阅读障碍破除 2Tsinghua University,founded in 1911,is home to I.熟词生义 a great number of outstanding figures. C 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的含义 3He is watching his figure. D 1.I'm sure you will join me in extending a very warm OI saw a tall figure in black. A welcome to our visitors. 提供；给予 5It's important for the figures to be updated regu- 2.There was a news item in the newspaper about the larly. B famous scientist. 新闻 二、语境创新应用 3.The makeup and role of the board of directors va- 文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 ries from one company to another. 构成 People celebrate festivals by holding various ac- 4.In my version of the story,I added some new ma- tivities 1.ranging(range)from setting off fireworks terial. (书、戏剧或电影的)素材 or firecrackers to dressing up in fancy costumes for 5.He drove a Rolls-Royce with a personalised num- marches.Some festivals have religious origins in ber plate. 号码牌，牌照 memory 2.of famous figures;some are 3.agricultur- Ⅱ.一词多义 al(agriculture)festivals to show gratitude for harves- 根据语境选出加黑词汇的词性和词义 ting crops;some are festivals featuring traditions,in 1.claim which customs still play 4.a significant role;while in A.(战争、事故等)夺走；夺去（生命）B.声称，主 others traditions have faded away and they seem not 张C.要求，索取D.获得，赢得 to reflect people's 5.beliefs(believe)or faiths.They DIt was claimed that many people were trapped in are commercialized and taken advantage of by busi- the mountain because of the landslide. B nessmen.On special occasions,supermarkets 6.are 2She claimed damages from the company for the in- decorated(decorate)to create an atmosphere to en- jury she had suffered. C courage customers to buy.To be frank,people are 3 The hurricane claimed more than 20 residents still missing the days 7.when they gathered joyfully lives. A and enjoyed 8.themselves (them)with homemade 1 In the English speech,the young man who pumpkin pies,puddings,mashed potatoes,roast claimed the first prize jumped with a thrill of joy. turkeys as well as singing Christmas carols.Not all D festivals have abandoned old traditions.The Naad- 2.figure am Festival of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Re- A.n.人像，人形B.n.数字，数据C..人物 gion is a good example.9.Represented(represent) D.n.身材E.v.弄明白，弄清楚 by wrestling,archery,and horse racing,the festival is really exciting.10.Briefly(brief),we should show DSitting back in the car on the way to the airport,I respect for good traditions and it's horrible to forget figured it all out. E our root absolutely. [培优2幻 高考语篇培素养一Topic:节日 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (全国卷)If you are a fruit grower一or would like to become 1.What can people do at the apple e- one- take advantage of Apple Day to see what's around.It's called vents? A.Attend experts'lectures. Apple Day but in practice it's more like Apple Month.The day it- B.Visit fruit-loving families. self is on October 21,but since it has caught on,events now spread C.Plant fruit trees in an orchard. out over most of October around Britain. D.Taste many kinds of apples. ·218· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 续表 Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste, 2.What can we learn about Decio? a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited A.It is a new variety. choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in super- markets,it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical B.It has a strange look. apples still in existence,such as Decio which was grown by the Ro- C.It is rarely seen now. mans.Although it doesn't taste of anything special,it's still worth D.It has a special taste. atry,as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat's Head which is more of a3.What does the underlined phrase“a curiosity than anything else. There are also varieties developed to suit specific local condi- pipe dream"in Paragraph 3 mean? tions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans A.A practical idea. Reinette,but you'll need a warm,sheltered place with perfect soil B.A vain hope. to grow it,so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall C.A brilliant plan. for it. D.A selfish desire. At the events,you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions,and because these are family af- 4.What is the author's purpose in fairs,children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and writing the text? games. A.To show how to grow apples. Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest B.To introduce an apple festival. in fruit,including stately gardens and commercial orchards () C.To help people select apples. If you want to have a real orchard experience,try visiting the Na- tional Fruit Collection at Brogdale,near Faversham in Kent. D.To promote apple research. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 7.pipe dream 脱离实际的愿望；行不通的计划 在苹果节上的各种各样的苹果。 8.commercial adj. 贸易的；商业的 1.D[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，参加 (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横线上） 苹果节可以看到并经常尝到各种各样的苹果。] spread 2.C[推理判断题。根据第二段中内容可知，见到它 A.伸展开手臂等 B.摊开 很开阔眼界并且可以与稀奇的Cat's Head这一品 C.传播 D.蔓延，扩散 种类比，由此判断Decio非常稀少。] E.使分布 3.B[词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，尽管Or D...since it has caught on,events now spread leans Reinette是很好的品种，但是对各项条件的 out over most of October around Britain. E 要求很高，因此大多数喜欢它的人种植它的希望会 落空。] 2The fire rapidly spread to adjoining buildings. D 4.B[写作目的题。根据第一段第一句和第二段中 的“Visiting an apple event..”以及后文介绍节日 3Sue spread the map out on the floor. B 上的各类苹果可知，作者在介绍苹果节日。] 4The disease is spread by mosquitoes. C ◆素材积累 5She spread her arms and the child ran towards (一)由文本积累主题词块 her. A 1.take advantage of 利用 三、长句缩写 2.in practice 事实上；实际上 Although it doesn't taste of anything special,it's 3.catch on 受欢迎；流行起来 still worth a try,as is the knobbly Cat's Head 4.a wide variety of apples 品种多样的苹果 which is more of a curiosity than anything else. 5.the range of classical apples 经典苹果系列 [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 6.be worth a try 值得尝试 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 1.limited adi. 有限的 (Although it doesn't taste of anything special), 2.classical adj. 古典的；经典的；传统的 it's still worth a try,[as is the knobbly Cat's 3.curiosity n. 好奇心 Head (which is more of a curiosity than anything 4.variety n. 不同种类，变化 else)]. 5.specific adj. 明确的；具体的；特定的 [句子缩写] It's still worth a try.(不超过l0 6.sheltered adj. 有遮蔽物的 个单词) ·219 高考总复习英语(H) 写作微练>双向提能 对应学生用书P167 Part1应用文写作话题练 ●[Step1]练表达一夯基固本 ●[Step2]学升级—亮人一眼 根据汉语提示完成句子 改变句式结构以使表达升级 ①中秋节是一个重要的中国传统节日。它总是让 ①用非限制性定语从句升级句① 我们想起满月、月饼等。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important tradi- The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important tradi- tional Chinese festival,which always reminds us of tional Chinese festival.It always reminds us of the the full moon,mooncakes and so on. full moon,mooncakes and so on. ②用分词作伴随状语改写句③ ②无论有多远或者我们有多忙，我们都尽量回家庆 We have fun with our family.We usually sit to 祝节日并期待与家人团聚。 gether,admiring the beautiful moon up in the sky. No matter how far away or how busy we are,we ③用it作形式主语改写句⑤ will try to come home for the celebration and look It's natural that they miss their family very much. forward to the family reunion. ●[Step3]用衔接一完美成篇 ③我们和家人玩得开心。我们通常坐在一起，欣赏 利用恰当的过渡词汇连句成篇 天空中美丽的月亮。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important tradi- We have fun with our family.We usually sit to- tional Chinese festival,which always reminds us of the full moon,mooncakes and so on.Usually,no gether and admire the beautiful moon up in matter how far away or how busy we are,we will the sky. try to come home for the celebration and look for- ④如果有人在这个重要的节日不能到来，他们通常 ward to the family reunion.We have fun with our 会向父母道歉。 family.For example,we usually sit together,admir- If someone can't turn up at this important festi- ing the beautiful moon up in the sky.If someone val,they often make an apology to their parents. can't turn up at this important festival,they often ⑤自然地，他们非常想念他们的家人。 make an apology to their parents.It's natural that Naturally,they miss their family very much. they (should)miss their family very much. Part2读后续写微技能l9 情感描写之“悲伤”“沮丧”和“消沉” ●[Step 1]场景续写词汇—语料累积 ④一进入自己的房间，她就觉得悲伤如潮涌。 On entering her room,she felt that sadness came ①one's heart sinks心沉下去 in waves.(夸张的修辞手法) ②with a sinking heart心情沉重 ⑤她一头倒在床上，忍不住痛哭。 固定 3in an unpleasant mood/in low spirits She threw herself onto the bed,and couldn't help 短语 情绪低落 crying bitterly..(副词+动作描写十并列句) ④sadness comes in waves悲伤如潮涌 ⑥接下来的几天，她觉得自己在悲伤的海洋里漂浮， ⑤an ocean of sadness悲伤的海洋 什么都不想做。 The next following days,she felt like she was 。[Step2]场景续写佳句 一完成句子 floating in an ocean of sadness not wanting to do 根据汉语提示完成句子 anything.(名词短语) ①得知自己没获奖，她的心沉了下去。 ●[Step3]过渡衔接美文一一连句成篇 When she learned that she failed to win a prize, 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔 her heart sank.(动词) 接过渡词汇。 ②她咬着下唇，心里很悲伤。 When she learned that she failed to win a prize, >She bit her bottom lip.Sadness filled her heart. her heart sank.At first,she bit her bottom lip with (简单句) sadness filling her heart.Then in an unpleasant -She bit her bottom lip with sadness filling her mood/In low spirits,she dragged her heavy legs heart.(with复合结构) back home,tired out.On entering her room,she ③她情绪低落，拖着两条沉重的腿，疲惫不堪地回到 felt that sadness came in waves.Therefore,she threw 了家。 herself onto the bed,and couldn't help crying bitter- In an unpleasant mood/In low spirits she dragged ly.The next following days,she felt like she was her heavy legs back home,tired out.(介词短语十 floating in an ocean of sadness,not wanting to do 动作描写) anything. ·220·