第二部分 主题群三 主题语境14 跨文化沟通、包容与合作（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（话题版）

主题群三社会服务与人际沟通 主题语境14跨文化沟通、包容与合作 选择性必修第一册：UNIT4 BODY LANGUAGE 话 人教版 选择性必修第二册：UNIT2 BRIDGING CULTURES 教材 选择性必修第二册：Unit4 Breaking boundaries 外研版 选择性必修第四册：Unit3 The world meets China 话题语料>基础复盘 [Part 1]识记重点单词 [第一组] ☐22.outlook/aotlok/n.前景；可能性；观点 ☐1.barely/beoli/,adu.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚 23.perspective/.po'spektiv/n.(思考问题的)角度； ☐2.bear/be(r)/n.熊vi.承受；结（果实）vt.忍受； 观点 具有；承担 ☐24.pose/p3Uz/n.(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi. ☐3.boom/bum/vi.&.n.迅速发展；繁荣 摆好姿势t.造成（威胁、问题等） □4.boundary/.'baondri,/n.边界；分界线 ☐25.realistic/rio'listik/adj.(目标、希望)能够实 现的；实际的 ☐5.bow/ba/vi.鞠躬；点头vt.低（头） 26.scholar/'skplo(r)/n.学者 ☐6.civilian/sI'vilion/adj.平民的，百姓的 ☐27.storytelling/'st:ritel/n.讲故事，说书 ☐7.component/,km'pounant/,n.组成部分；零件 28.tune/tjun/n.曲调，旋律 ☐8.definitely/definotli/adw.确切地，肯定地 29.temple/'temp(o)l/n.庙宇，寺院 ☐9.deny/dr'na/vt.否认；否定；拒绝 ☐30.tremendous/tr3'mendas/adj.巨大的；极大的 ☐l0.edition,/'d(3)n/n.(报纸、杂志)一份；（广播、 31.tutor,/tju:to(r)/n.助教；导师；家庭教师 电视节目的)一期，一辑 32.witness//'wtn3s/vt.当场看到；目击；见证n. ☐Il.escape/'skeIp/.(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃 目击者；证人 离，逃避，摆脱 33.wonderland,/'wAndolaend/n.(故事中的)仙境， □12.expense/.ik'spens/n.费用；花费；开销 奇境 ☐l3.fancy/'faensi/v.喜爱；想象；设想，认为 再次背诵时间： 月 日 ad.花哨的；精致的 [第三组] ☐14.gesture/'d3esto(r)/m.手势；姿势；姿态 34.appeal/'pil/n.呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉；吸引 ☐15.identical/ar'dentik()l/adj.相同的 力，感染力vi.呼吁；有吸引力→appealing ☐16.institute/,'nstitju:t/n.学院；研究院 adj.有吸引力的，有趣的 ☐35.applaud/,'plo:d/v.(为…)鼓掌→applause ☐17.intervene/Into'vin/vi.千预；介入 n.欢呼，喝彩；掌声 再次背诵时间： ☐36.caution/'ko∫()n/n.谨慎；小心→cautious [第二组] adj.谨慎的；十分小心的→cautiously adv..十 ☐18.messenger,/'mesind3(r)/n.送信人；信使 分小心地；谨慎地 ☐19.miracle/mrok(o)l/n.不平凡的事；奇迹 ☐37.comfort/kAmfot/n.安慰；舒服；令人感到安 □20.multi--cultural/malti'kAltforol/adj.多元文 慰的人（或事）u.安慰；抚慰→comfortable 化的 adj.舒服的；舒适的→comfortably adv.舒服 ☐21.mutual/'mju:tuol/adj.相互的；彼此的；共有 地；安乐地；容易地→uncomfortable adj.不舒 的，共同的 服的 153· 高考总复习英语(H) ☐38.depart/di'pat/vi.离开；出发；启程→depar- 46.fiction/'fk∫(o)n/n.小说；虚构；编造；谎言→ ture n.离开；启程；出发 fictional adj.虚构的；编造的；小说（中）的 ☐39.disappoint/,dso'pInt/t.使失望→disap- 47.homesick/'houmsik/adj.想家的；思乡的→ pointed adj..失望的，沮丧的→disappointing homesickness n.思乡病；乡愁 adj.令人失望的；令人扫兴的→disappoint- 48.influence/,'nfloons/n.影响；势力；感化；有影 ment n.失望；沮丧 响的人或事vt.影响；改变>influential adj.有 ☐40.distinguish/dr'stingw/vi.&.vt.区分；辨别→ 影响力的 distinguished adj..卓越的；著名的；杰出的 ☐49.minor/.maIn(r)/adj.次要的；较小的> □41.divide/d'vaId/u.(使)分开，分成；分配，分担 minority n.少数派；少数 →division n.分歧；分裂；分开 □50.origin/,'prd3n/n.起源；原点；出身；开端→ ☐42.dramatic/,dr3'maetik,/adj.巨大的；突然的；急 original adj.原先的，最初的→originally adv. 剧的→dramatically adv.戏剧性地；引人注目 最初，起初；本来→originate vi..&.vt.起源；发 地；显著地，剧烈地 源；创立 ☐43.expect/ik'spekt/,vt.期望；指望；认为；预料→ ☐5l.overwhelm/1oUw'welm/vt.淹没；压倒；覆盖； expectation n.期望；预期；期待→expected adj.预期的；预料的→unexpected adj.意想不 压垮→overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大 到的 的；压倒性的→overwhelmingly adv.压倒性 ☐44.explode/,ik'splaud/vi.爆炸；爆发；激增t.使 地；不可抵抗地 爆炸；突然发生；推翻→explosive adj.易爆炸 ■ 52.reward/ri'wod/n.报酬；报答；酬谢t.奖励； 的；爆发的→explosion n.爆炸；爆发；激增 奖赏→rewarding adj..值得做的；有益的 再次背诵时间：月 日 53.romance/r3u'mens/n.爱情；浪漫史；传奇故事 [第四组] →romantic adj.浪漫的 ☐45.expose/ik'spUz/vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使 ☐54.verbal/'v3b(o)l/adj.言语的；文字的；口头的 暴露于（险境）→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保 →non-verbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的 护的→exposure n.接触；体验；暴露；揭露 再次背诵时间： 月 日 [Part 2] 熟背核心短语 □l.in vain徒然；无效 ☐8.to some extent在某种程度上 ☐2.by contrast相比之下 ☐9.g0 door to door走家串户，挨家挨户 ☐3.culture shock文化冲击 □l0.feel at home舒服自在；不拘束 ☐4.get across把…解释清楚，被传达 ☐11.live up to符合（标准）；不负（盛名） ☐5.break down消除；分解；打破 ☐l2.get involved in被卷入…之中；热衷于；专心于 ☐6.speak up大声点说；明确表态 13.cost an arm and a leg(使)花一大笔钱 ☐7.side with支持；站在…的一边 再次背诵时间： 月 日 [Part3]存储经典句式 ☐1.until引导时间状语从句 2.“特殊疑问词十动词不定式”结构 "I wasn't going to give up until every single We started flying around the world,launching publisher turned me down,but I often feared satellites into orbit and,at the same time,sci- that would happen,”she later posted..“我不会 entists figured out how to split the atom..我们 放弃的，直到所有的出版商都拒绝我。不过我 开始环游世界，将卫星送入轨道，与此同时，科学 常常担心那会发生。”她后来说。（外研选一Unit2 家们想出了如何分裂原子的方法…（北师选四 Onwards and upwards) UNIT 12 INNOVATION) ·154· 主题群三社会服务与人际沟通 ☐3.祈使句+and+陈述句 ☐4.独立主格结构 Keep doing this,and you can become an expert Captain Nemo walked in front,one of his men or a specialist in something one day.继续这样 following some steps behind.Nemo上尉走在前 面，他的一个同伴跟在身后，距离他几步远。（外 做，有一天你可能成为专家或某方面的专业人 研必三Unit5 What an adventure!) 士。（北师选三UNIT7 CAREERS) 再次背诵时间： 月 日 语基验收>复盘共赢 对应学生用书P116 Part1分类识记单词一用时少·功效高 11.mutual adj.相互的；彼此的； 1.boom vi.&.n.迅速发展；繁荣 6.identical adj.相同的 共有的，共同的 2.boundary n.边界；分界线 7.institute n.学院；研究院 12.storytelling n.讲故事，说书 单 3.component n.组成部分；零件 8.intervene vi..千预；介入 l3.tune n.曲调；旋律 4.edition n.(报纸、杂志)一份； 9.miracle n.不平凡的事；奇迹 l4.tremendous adj.巨大的；极 (广播、电视节目的)一期，一辑 10.multi-cultural 大的 意 5.fancy v.喜爱；想象；设想，认 adi.多元文化的 l5.wonderland n.(故事中的)仙 为adj.花哨的；精致的 境，奇境 [记准记牢] [用准用活] L.barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 2.bear n.熊vi.承受；结（果实）vt.忍受；具有；承担 1.If you associate with positive-thinking people, 3.bowi.鞠躬；点头t.低（头） you are definitely going to achieve success. 4.civilian adj.平民的，百姓的 2.These expansions into new worlds help us by 5.definitely adv.确切地，肯定地 giving us new perspectives. 6.deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝 3.Standing on the top of the mountain,the tem 7.escape v.(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离，逃避， ple has witnessed many changes in this area. 心 摆脱 4.He did well in mathematics,but barely passed 词 8.expense.费用；花费；开销 the English exam. 9.gesture m.手势；姿势；姿态 5.It is amazing that he could narrowly escape be- 通 10.outlook n.前景；可能性；观点 ing hit by a passing car. l1.perspective n.(思考问题的)角度；观点 6.She won't bear her son making the same mis- 12.pose n.(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi.摆好姿势 takes in the physics test next time. t.造成（威胁、问题等）》 7.It's suggested in the report that government ex- 13.realistic adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的；实际的 pense should be reduced to increase teachers'sala- 14.temple n.庙宇，寺院 ries. 15.witness ut.当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者； 8.He retired from the army and has since been 证人 living a civilian life in his hometown. 155 高考总复习英语(H) [记准记牢] [用准用活] l.appeal vi..有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉n.吸引力；呼吁； 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 上诉；请求→>appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的 1.(2024·新课标I卷)I touched down in 2.applaud v.(为…)鼓掌→applause n.欢呼，喝彩； Vienna just 30 minutes before the depar- 掌声 ture(depart)of the last bus to Prague. 3.caution n.谨慎；小心→cautious adj.谨慎的；十分小心 2.The candies were divided out among all 的→cautiously adv.十分小心地；谨慎地 the kids,but they could not agree upon the division (divide)of them. 4.comfort n.安慰；舒服；令人感到安慰的人（或事)v.安 3.(2024·新课标I卷)This beautiful 慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.舒服的；舒适的→comfort- structure,named Glasshouse,is at the ably adv.舒服地；安乐地；容易地→uncomfortable centre of a new garden that shows how adj.不舒服的 the Silk Road influences (influence) 5.depart vi..离开；出发；启程departure n.离开；启程； English gardens even in modern times. 出发 4.（2024·新课标I卷)A few minutes 6.disappoint ut.使失望→disappointed adj..失望的；沮丧 spent casting your eye over a page or 的→disappointing adj.令人失望的；令人扫兴的→dis two can be a rewarding(reward)experi- appointment n.失望；沮丧 ence. 5.The idea of not having to get up early 7.distinguish vi..&.vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓 every morning is rather appealing (ap- 越的；著名的；杰出的 peal)to me. 单 8.divide v.(使)分开，分成；分配，分担→division n.分歧； 6.It's a pleasure for me to be here to speak 分裂；分开 to such a distinguished (distinguish) group from all over the world. 其活 9.expect vt.期望；指望；认为；预料→expectation n.期 望；预期；期待→expected adj..预期的；预料的→unex 7.Women are very much in the minority pected adj.意想不到的 (minor)in political leadership around 10.explode vi.爆炸；爆发；激增t.使爆炸；突然发生；推 the world. 8.It was an A,which was beyond my ex- 翻→explosive adj.易爆炸的；爆发的→explosion n.爆 pectations (expect). 炸；爆发；激增 9.There were many people waiting at the 11.expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境）→ bus stop,and some of them looked very exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的→exposure n.接触； anxious and disappointed(disappoint). 体验；暴露；揭露 10.The test can accurately predict what a l2.influence n.影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事t.影 bigger explosion(explode)would do. 响；改变→influential adj.有影响力的 11.Being exposed (expose)to strong sun- l3.minor adj.次要的；较小的→minority n.少数派；少数 light will do harm to your health. 12.(2024·全国甲卷)Secondly,the intro l4.origin n.起源；原点；出身；开端→original adj.原先 duction of high-speed trains has dramat- 的，最初的→originally adv..最初，起初；本来→origi- ically shortened travel times,making in- nate vi.&.t.起源；发源；创立 tercity travel faster and more comforta- l5.reward n.报酬；报答；酬谢t.奖励；奖赏→rewarding ble(comfort). ad.值得做的；有益的 13.Looking around him cautiously (cau- l6.romance.爱情；浪漫史；传奇故事→romantic adj.浪 tious),he slipped into the room and 漫的 softly closed the door. 156· 主题群三社会服务与人际沟通 上串下联·规律探寻 分词形式的形容词 “m0od”心情家族 ①disappoint→disappointing→disappointed ①sad adj.. 悲伤的 2inspire-inspiring-inspired ②excited adj. 激动的 ③excite-→exciting→excited ③nervous adj. 紧张不安的 ④interest-→interesting>interested ④anxious adj. 焦虑不安的 ⑤puzzle-→ouzzling→puzzled ⑤gloomy adj. 闷闷不乐的 ⑥amaze-→amazing→amazed ⑥frightened adj. 害怕的 Part 2 分组背练短语 不枯燥·兴趣高 先记牢 再用准 ●[第一组] 汉译英 选用左栏短语的正确形式填空 1.in vain 徒然；无效 1.The players failed to live up to their coach's 2.by contrast 相比之下 expectations of them. 3.get across 把…解释清楚，被传达 2.It means that crew members should listen and 4.break down 消除；分解；打破 speak up for a good result,regardless of posi- 5.live up to 符合（标准），不负（盛名） tions. 6.get involved in 被卷人…之中；热衷于；专心于 3.There is some truth in both theories concerning the present situation,but I choose to side with ●[第二组]英译汉 the latter. 1.culture shock 文化冲击 4.It is your hospitality and warm welcome that 2.speak up 大声点说；明确表态 make us feel at home. 3.side with 支持；站在…的一边 5.An informer supplied the police with the names 4.to some extent 在某种程度上 of those who had got involved in the crime. 5.feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束 6.Going abroad for further study will cost an arm 6.cost an arm and a leg (使)花一大笔钱 and a leg. 上串下联·规律探寻 “y.十down”短语集锦 to短语来“插”队 ①break down 消除；分解；打破 ①to some extent 在某种程度上 ②pass down 使世代相传；流传 ②to be frank 坦白地说 ③bring down 使降低 ③to begin with 首先 ④settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于 ④to tell you the truth 说实话 ⑤cut down 削减；砍倒 ⑤to be brief 简单地说 ⑥burn down 烧毁 ⑥to be honest 说实在地；实话说 157· 高考总复习英语(H) Part3句式教材迁移一汇教材·背典句 句型公式 融汇教材 Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world,until a British doc- until引导时间状语 tor,John Snow,showed how it could be overcome(直到英国医生John Snow展示如 从句 何克服它).（人教选二UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS) “特殊疑问词十动词 I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years,so I know how to lead(如何领导)and decide on priorities..(人教选四UNIT5 LAUNCHING YOUR CA- 不定式”结构 REER) Take time to look through the collections in different sections of your local library, 祈使句+and+陈 and you are likely to come across books you have to read(你很可能就会发现你喜欢 述句 读的书).（译林必二Unit4 Exploring literature) After a while,a group of women came along,each balancing a pot of water on her 独立主格结构 head(每人头上顶着一坛水).（人教必三UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES) 考点精研>高效练通 对应学生用书P119 [Part1核心词汇·多维练透 1.witness vt..当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人 (1)witness sth./that... 目击某事/… 3What the police did first was to question all the witness to (doing)sth. 证实/证明（做）某事 witnesses(witness)involved in the accident last week. (2)a witness of/to sth. [二维写美]—一翻译句子 某事/物的目击者/见证人 ④我们目睹了我们家乡的巨大变化 [名师点津]witness作动词且后接to时，to用作 We have witnessed great changes in our home- 介词，后须接名词或动词-ing形式。 town. [一维练透]—单句语法填空 [三维学考对接]一颂中华 DThe little town has witnessed (witness)many 5In the past 30 years,our country has witnessed great improvement in people's life thanks to the great changes in the past 10 years. open and reform policy. 2Anyone who witnessed to seeing (see)the acci- 在过去的30年里，由于改革开放政策，我国人民的 dent yesterday should call the police. 生活有了很大的改善。 2.appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉n.吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求 (1)appeal to 2Experts have appealed to parents to have(have) 呼吁；上诉；对…有吸引力，使…感兴趣 strict control over online games that appeal to their children. appeal to sb.to do sth. 3Harry Potter stories are so appealing(appeal) 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 that they encourage children to read more. appeal to sb..for sth.为某事而向某人呼吁 [二维写美]一应用文写作之倡议书 (2)make an appeal to sb.for sth. ④我写信是为了呼吁大家积极参与建设一所更加 为某事向某人呼吁或请求 美丽的学校。 make an appeal to sb.to do sth. I am writing to appeal to everyone to take an ac- 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 tive part in building a more beautiful school. [三维学考对接]—一典句赏析 (3)appealing adj. 有吸引力的，有趣的 ⑤(2024·新课标I卷)When I got back home, [一维练透]一单句语法填空 suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as ap- DSports has become an important form of enter- pealing. tainment,appealing (appeal)to both men and 当我回到家时，突然间骑自行车似乎不再那么吸引 人了。 women. ·158· 主题群三社会服务与人际沟通 3.comfort n,安慰；舒服；令人感到安慰的人（或事）v.安慰；抚慰 (1)in comfort 舒适地；放松地 3My ambition is to live in comfort in the suburbs be a comfort to/for 对…是安慰 of the city in the future. [二维写美]一一读后续写之安慰 (2)comfort sb.for sth. 因某事安慰某人 ④当我沮丧时，父亲总是拍拍我的肩膀安慰我。 comfort...with... 以…安慰某人 When I was depressed,my father would pat me on (3)comfortable adi. 舒服的；舒适的 the shoulder to comfort me. [一维练透]—单句语法填空 [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 DI recalled that my former English teacher often ⑤(2024·北京卷)I realised that by trying some comforted me with inspiring words. thing new,I can have fun-even if it means step- 2Even if he was in trouble,he was still optimis- ping out of my comfort zone. 我意识到，通过尝试新事物，我可以获得乐趣 tic,which was a great comfort to/for me 即使这意味着走出我的舒适区。 4.distinguish vi.&vt.区分；辨别 (l)distinguish between A and B区分A和B 2We are fascinated by Lang Ping who has already distinguish...from... distinguished herself(she)as a great volleyball coach in the world. 把……与……区分开来 [二维写美]一应用文写作之推荐信 distinguish oneself as/tobe作为…而出名 ③这场音乐会真的值得看，因为许多杰出的音乐家 (2)distinguished ad.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 将在音乐会上表演。 be distinguished for/as... The concert is really worth watching because 因/作为…而出名 many distinguished musicians will perform in the concert. [一维练透]一单句语法填空 [三维学考对接]—典句赏析 DThe woman distinguished as a writer for her ④(2024·全国甲卷)However,another way the latest science fiction agreed that reading good cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. books can teach us to distinguish between right 然而，猫能够区分不同情况的另一种方式是寻找熟 and wrong 悉的气味。 5.expose vt..使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境） (1)expose sth./sb./oneself to... [二维写美]一应用文写作之申请信 使某物/某人/自己暴露于… ④我从小接触国画，能让游客更加了解国画。 (2)exposure n. 暴露，显露 Having been exposed to Chinese paintings since (3)exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；无保护的 my childhood,I can get visitors know more about be exposed to 暴露于；经受 them. [一维练透]—单句语法填空 [三维学考对接]—一典句赏析 DAs far as I am concerned,for the sake of the ⑤（全国乙卷）They were randomly divided into babies'safety,don't expose them to strong sun- light. four groups and exposed to various noise levels in 2As far as I know,being exposed (expose)to the background,from total silence to 50 decibels sunlight for a long time will hurt our skin. (分贝)，70 decibels,and85 decibels. 3Seeing us approaching,she smiled joyfully,ex- 他们被随机分为四组，暴露在不同的背景噪音中， posing (expose)nice little teeth. 从静音到50分贝、70分贝和85分贝不等。 6.reward n.报酬；报答；酬谢vt.奖励；奖赏 (1)reward n. 报酬；奖金；酬劳 [一维练透]—一单句语法填空 as a reward for 作为对…的报酬/ D If the monkeys touched the left side of the 奖赏 screen they would be rewarded(reward)with sev- in reward for 为酬谢… en drops of water or juice. reward sb.for sth. 因某事而奖赏某人 2 In Roland Fryer's research,some students did reward sb..with sth.用某物回报某人 better than the others because they were rewarded (2)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的 for reading some books. 159 高考总复习英语(H) [二维写美]一一句多译 [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 ③老妇人给了男孩儿一辆玩具汽车作为对他的帮 助的奖赏。 ④(2024·北京卷)It can be imagined that compa -The old lady gave the boy a toy car in reward rable to the process of building previous scientific for his help.(reward n. -The old lady gave the boy a toy car as a reward models,developing the "computer simulation" for his help.(reward n. metaphor-based model will also be a hugely re- -The old lady gave the boy a toy car to reward him for his help.(reward v. warding(reward)exercise. 7.get/be involved in被卷入…之中；热衷于；专心于 (1)involved adj. 复杂的；有牵连的；有关的 2It benefited me a lot to preview lessons,get ac- (2)involve ut. tively involved(involve)in class,and review what 包含；需要；牵涉，涉及；影响；（使）参加 had been taught after class. involve sb.in (doing)sth. [二维写美]一应用文写作之告知信 使某人参与（做）某事；使某人牵扯到某事中 ③我参加了一个工作涉及照顾老人的活动 involve doing sth.包括做某事；需要做某事 I participated in the activity where my work in- volved caring for the elderly. [一维练透]一单句语法填空 [三维学考对接]一满分作文 DStudents should involve themselves in commu- ④(2023·全国甲卷)The more people are in- nity activities where they can gain experience for volved,the better the ocean environment is. growth. 参与其中的人越多，海洋环境就越好。 Part 2 经典句式·写作迁移] 1.“特殊疑问词十动词不定式”结构 (教材对接)I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years,.so I know how to lead and decide on priorities..我担任学校乒乓球队队长已经两年，因此我知道如何领导他人并按事情的轻重缓急 作出决定。（人教选四UNIT5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER) (l)特殊疑问词是指：when,where,what,which, Could you tell me how to make her happy? who及how等连接词； ②打折的杯子太多了，我拿不定主意买哪一种。 (2)该结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，用作宾 There're so many kinds of cups on sale that I can't 语的情况比较多； make up my mind which one to buy. (3)特殊疑问词与构成不定式的动词之间为逻辑 ③何时何地建造新大楼尚未决定。 上的动宾关系时，不定式通常用主动形式表 When and where to build the new building has not 示被动意义； been decided. (4)该结构作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式； ④(2024·新课标I卷)他难以置信地看着我，问我 (5)该结构常常可以转换成相应的名词性从句。 该怎么办。 [写作迁移]—一微写作 He looked at me in disbelief,asking me what ①你能告诉我怎样让她开心吗？ to do. 2.独立主格结构 There are so many beautiful old buildings-many sitting on top of big hills,offering great views of the cit- y,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.这里有这么多美丽的古建筑一许多位于大山之巅，可以俯瞰城 市、大海和金门大桥。（人教必三UNIT3 DIVERSE CULTURES) 独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相 [写作迁移]一微写作 当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、 ①有很多工作要做，我们没有时间去玩了。 方式或伴随情况等。 So much work to do,we have no time to play. ②一位当地的向导给我们作导游，我们参观了北京 todo表示将要发生的动作 大兴国际机场。 doing表示主动和正在进行 A local guide guiding us,we visited Beijing Daxing done表示被动和已完成 International Airport. 代词/名词介词短语 ③电脑虽小，但我们可以广泛地使用它们。 常用来说明名词 形容词 Computers very small,we can use them widely. 或代词的性质、 副词 ④他躺在草地上，双手交叉放在头底下。 名词 特征或所处的状态 He was lying on the grass,his hands crossed un der his head. 160 主题群三社会服务与人际沟通 提能加餐>素养培优 对应学生用书P121 [培优1]多维练通活运用 一、阅读障碍破除 Do you fancy going out for a walk this evening? I.熟词生义 B 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的含义 2.original 1.Before going into their meeting the six foreign A.adj.原来的；独创的；原作的B.n.原件；原作 ministers posed for photographs. DToday,they are once again a familiar sight,playing 摆姿势（以供人摄影或绘画） roles that are often just as important for the com- 2.He said they would appeal against the court's de- munity as their original purpose. A cision. 上诉；申诉 2His translation manages to be faithful to the spirit 3.Paul divides most of his spare time between the of the original. B study and his bedroom. 分配 二、语境创新应用 4.The population explodes to 40,000 during the 文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 tourist season here. 激增；骤增 Several years ago,I went abroad for further ed- 5.She was looked down upon because she was of ucation.The expense was really high,1.which was humble origin. 身世；出身 unexpected.I had 2.to borrow(borrow)a large sum Ⅱ.一词多义 of money and took a part-time job as a tutor.3.Ex- 根据语境选出加黑词汇的词性和词义 posed expose)to different cultures and values,I 1.fancy 4.suffered(suffer)homesickness and had great diffi- A.adj.花哨的B.vt.想要，想做C.vt.想象 culty adapting 5.to a new culture.Painful as it was, D.n.想象（力），想象的事物 the experience was really helpful and rewarding. DIt was such a scene of confusion as you can hardly 6.Studying(study)abroad cultivates my 7.confi- fancy. dence(confident)and the ability to live more 8.inde- 2I wanted a simple black dress,nothing fancy. pendently(independent).It helps 9.me(I)walk out A of my comfort zone.Not only does it make me ac- 3Did I really hear someone come in,or was it only quire knowledge,10.but it has a great influence on a fancy? D my life. [培优2]高考语篇培素养 —Topic:对天才的看法 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2021·全国甲卷)Who is a genius'?This question has greatly 1.What does the author think of interested humankind for centuries. victors'standards for joining the Let's state clearly:Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the genius club? international symbol for genius.But we want to go beyond one man A.They're unfair. and explore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people B.They're conservative. are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us?And C.They're objective. D.They're strict. who are they？ 2.What can we infer about girls from In the sciences and arts,those praised as geniuses were most the study in Science? often white men,of European origin.Perhaps this is not a surprise. A.They think themselves smart. It's said that history is written by the victors,and those victors set B.They look up to great thinkers. the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions C.They see gender differences ear- were made by geniuses outside the club-women,or people of a differ- lier than boys. ent color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by oth- D.They are likely to be influenced ers. by social beliefs. ·161· 高考总复习英语(H) 续表 A study recently published by Science found that as young as 3.Why are more geniuses known to age six,girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are“really,really smart..”Even worse,the study the public? found that girls act on that belief:Around age six they start to a- A.Improved global communication. void activities said to be for children who are "really,really smart." B.Less discrimination against women. Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discour- C.Acceptance of victors'concepts. aged and give up?It doesn't take a genius to know the answer:ab- D.Changes in people's social posi- solutely not. Here's the good news.In a wired world with constant global tions. communication,we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wher- 4.What is the best title for the text? ever they appear.And the more we look,the more we will see that A.Geniuses Think Alike social factors like gender,race,and class do not determine B.Genius Takes Many Forms the appearance of genius.As a writer says,future geniuses come C.Genius and Intelligence from those with“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力)，and simple good fortune,who are able to change the world. D.Genius and Luck [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 过去人们对天才的定义标准存在着诸如性别、种族和 1.genius n. 天才 信仰等歧视，随着越来越多来自各地的天才为人所 2.victor n. 胜利者 知，人们对天才的固有认知将被打破。 3.standard n. 标准；水准 4.unacknowledged adi. 1,A[观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句可知，当 不被承认的，未得到公开承认的 女性、有色人种、持不同信仰的人对社会做出贡献 5.thinker n. 思想家；思想者 后，他们得不到认可并受到排斥。作者认为那些 6.discouraged adj. 灰心的，丧气的 “胜利者”对于进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不 7.wired adi 联网的；连线的 公平的。] 8.gender n. 性别 2.D[推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可推测，女 (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横线上） 孩很可能受到整个社会信念的影响。act on意为 position “依据…行事”。] A.位置 B.姿态 3.A[细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，如 C.处境 D.地位 今越来越多的天才为公众所知，是由于网络的发 E.职位 F.把…放在适当位置 展，全球通信交流得到改善。] DIn a wired world with constant global communica- tion,we're all positioned to see flashes of genius 4.B[标题归纳题。根据最后一段第三句可知，作者 认为性别、种族、阶层这些外在社会因素不是天才 wherever they appear. F 2From his position on the cliff top,he had a good 出现的决定性因素。同时综合全文可知，本文旨在 view of the harbor. A 告诉人们，天才没有唯一的外在标准或“规格”，拥 ◆长句缩写 有智慧、创造力、毅力，并能改变世界的人就是 In a wired world with constant global communica- 天才。] tion,we're all positioned to see flashes of genius ◆素材积累 wherever they appear. (一)由文本积累主题词块 [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 超出；超越 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) 1.go beyond 去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 2.of European origin 有欧洲血统的 (In a wired world)(with constant global commu- 3.make contributions 做出贡献 nication),we're(all)positioned to see flashes of 4.even worse 更糟糕的是 genius (wherever they appear). 5.act on 根据（建议、信息等）行事 [句子缩写]We're positioned to see flashes of 6.afford to do sth. 承担得起做某事 genius.(不超过10个单词) 162· 主题群三社会服务与人际沟通 写作微练>双向提能 对应学生用书P123 Part 1 应用文写作话题练 ●[Step1]练表达一夯基固本 ●[Step2]学升级—亮人一眼 根据汉语提示完成句子 改变句式结构以使表达升级 ①中国有55个少数民族，生活在祖国各地，人口大 ①用定语从句改写句① 约有1亿。 There are 55 ethnic groups living in every corner There are 55 ethnic groups living in every corner of of China,which have a population of about 100 China.They have a population of about 100 million. million. ②有些少数民族以务农为生，有些以捕鱼为生。 ②用形式主语改写句⑥ Some ethnic groups live by farming while others (live)by fishing. It is foolish to spread the disharmony between the ③在长期的发展过程中，少数民族之间形成了各不 peoples. 相同的风俗习惯。 ●[Step3]用衔接—完美成篇 In the long-term development,the ethnic groups 利用恰当的过渡词汇连句成篇 have formed diverse/varied customs. There are 55 ethnic groups living in every cor- ④显然，这些都是他们适应环境的结果 ner of China,which have a population of about 100 Apparently,these resulted from their adjusting/ million.Some ethnic groups live by farming,while adjustments to their surroundings. others (live)by fishing.As we all know,in the long- ⑤现在所有民族和平相处，关系稳固。 term development,the ethnic groups have formed Nowadays,all peoples live in peace,and they diverse/varied customs.Apparently,these resulted have a firm relation. from their adjusting/adjustments to their surround- ⑥散布民族之间不和谐信息的行为是愚蠢的。 ings.Nowadays,all peoples live in peace,and they To spread the disharmony between the peoples is have a firm relation.So it is foolish to spread the foolish. disharmony between the peoples. Part2读后续写微技能14一动作描写之“脚” ●[Step1] 场景续写词汇—语料累积 ⑤他们既生气又不耐烦，他们把她拖出宾馆，她的脚 乱踢着。 单词 barefoot adj..&.adu.赤脚的（地） Impatient and angry,they carried her out of the ①get/leap to one's feet直起身来/跳起来 hotel,with her feet kicking.(形容词短语作状语， ②jump/rise to one's feet跳起来/站起来 with复合结构) 固定 ③drag one's feet拖着脚走 ⑥她磨磨蹭蹭，很不情愿地跟随父母回了家。 短语 ④tap/stamp one's feet跺脚 She dragged her feet as she unwillingly followed ⑤put one's feet up跷起脚休息 her parents home.(动作描写) ⑥in bare foot光着脚 ⑦一到家她就脱掉鞋子，光着脚飞快地冲到了自己的 卧室里。 ●[Step2]场景续写佳句 —完成句子 On arriving home,she pulled/took off her shoes 根据汉语提示完成句子 and dashed into her bedroom,barefoot and fast. ①她正跷着脚看电视这时她父母让她回家。 (形容词作状语) She was putting her feet up and watching TV ●[Step3]过渡衔接美文一连句成篇 when her parents asked her to return home.(动作 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔 描写) 接过渡词汇。 She was putting her feet up and watching TV ②当她听到这个消息时，她跳了起来。 when her parents asked her to return home.Howev- When she heard the news,she jumped to her feet. er,she jumped to her feet when she heard the news. (动作描写) At first,she planted her feet firmly to the ground ③她双脚钉在那里，不肯移动。 and refused to move an inch.Her father frowned She planted her feet firmly to the ground and re- and tapped/stamped his feet impatiently.Impatient fused to move an inch.(动作描写) and angry,they carried her out of the hotel,with her feet kicking.She dragged her feet as she unwill- ④她爸爸皱着眉头，不耐烦地跺着脚。 ingly followed her parents home.On arriving home, Her father frowned and tapped/stamped his feet she pulled/took off her shoes and dashed into her impatiently.(动作描写) bedroom,barefoot and fast. 163·