课时冲关10 选择性必修一 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS（教用版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（北师大版）

基础必备选择性必修第一册 [选择性必修第一册] 课时冲关10 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS学生用书P261 I.阅读A 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：聊天机器人 One day I typed into ChatGPT all about my All of this helps to explain conversations like upset feelings and it instantly responded,offering the ones I had with ChatGPT.At the end of the a list of practical advice.Nowadays millions of day,despite talking to multiple chatbots online, people are already turning to ChatGPT and spe- I did what I knew I had to do all along:I picked cialist therapy (chatbots for convenient and up my phone and called a friend. inexpensive mental health support. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍 Some experts say this is a boon.After all, 了AI聊天机器人在提供心理支持方面的利弊，以 Al,undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout, 及与人类真正同理心的差距。 might be able to express empathy(同理心)more I.What does the underlined word“boon”in Par- openly and tirelessly than humans.But others agraph 2 mean? worry about the consequences of people seeking A.Trap. B.Prize. emotional support from machines that can only C.Blessing. D.Challenge. pretend to care.Some even wonder if the rise of 解析：C[词义猜测题。根据第二段的“After so-called empathetic AI might change the way we all,AI,undisturbed by embarrassment and interact with one another.Indeed,empathy is burnout,might be able to express empathy one of our species'defining qualities,developing 理心)more openly and tirelessly than hu as it did in pace with social interaction. mans.”可知，这里提到人工智能因为不受樾尬 One recent analysis about empathy looked at 和疲惫的影响，可能在表达同理心上比人类更 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, 开放、不知疲倦，因此对于某些专家来说，这是 which shows that the empathiser must first be 人工智能在心理健康支持方面的优势，是一种 able to recognize how the other person is feeling. 好事。所以boon在这里意为“好事，益处”。] They must also be affected by those emotions and 2.What does the recent analysis show about empa- differentiate between themselves and the other thy? person,grasping that the other person's feelings A.It calls for clear communication. aren't their own while still being able to imagine B.It starts with emotion identification. their experience. C.It rules out individual difference. On the first point,in recent years,AI-powered D.It depends on rich imagination. chatbots have made progress in their ability to 解析：B[细节理解题。根据第三段的“One re read human emotions,most powered by large cent analysis about empathy looked at 52 stud- language models (LLMs)that work by predicting ies published between 1980 and 2019,which which words are most likely to appear together shows that the empathiser must first be able to based on training data.In this way,LLMs like recognize how the other person is feeling.”可 ChatGPT can seemingly identify our feelings and 知，关于同理心的最近分析表明，同理心的首要 respond appropriately most of the time.But 条件是能够识别另一个人的感受。] when it comes to the other criteria,AI still mis- 3.What does the author think of ChatGPT? ses the mark in many ways.Empathy is interper- A.Its development should be sped up. sonal,with continued feedback helping to perfect B.Its intelligence is winning more favor. the empathiser's response,which also requires C.Its application should be strictly managed. some degree of intuitive(直觉的)awareness of D.Its artificial kindness is no match for an individual and their situation. humans. ·305· 高考总复习英语(BS) 解析：D[推理判断题。根据第四段的“But phone and called a friend..”可知，作者在与多个 when it comes to the other criteria,AI still 聊天机器人交谈后，最终还是选择给朋友打电 misses..some degree of intuitive(直觉的) 话寻求情感支持。这表明，虽然ChatGPT能提 awareness of an individual and their situation. 供一定的帮助，但在作者看来，它的人工善意仍 以及最后一段的“At the end of the day,despite 然不能与真实的人类情感交流相比。由此可推 talking to multiple chatbots online,I did what 知，作者认为它的人工善意无法与人类的 I knew I had to do all along:I picked up my 相比。门 阅读B 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：SIKU的应用程序 Few social networking platforms are known and Trappers Association used SIKU to survey for inspiring positive social change these days,but hunters and look at recent reported harvest rates. an Inuit-developed app is helping local communi- The analysis led the association to temporarily ties from Alaska to Greenland advance their self- close the hunt to relieve pressure on the popula- determination. tion and to reintroduce hunting slowly once the Named SIKU after the Inuktitut word for number of reindeer increased.This decision “sea ice”,the app allows communities in the shows how Inuit can use the technology in combi- North to pull together traditional knowledge and nation with traditional wildlife management. scientific data to track changes in the environ- "It's part science and part Inuit knowledge.It ment,trace local wild foods,and make decisions can work both ways,instead of one dominating about how to manage wildlife. the other,"says Arragutainaq,a manager at the Over the years,SIKU has stepped forward in association. its development.Recently,the elders saw that [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一 the platform could help address a familiar chal- 款名为SIKU的应用程序，它帮助北部社区收集 lenge:sharing knowledge with younger people 传统知识和科学数据，跟踪环境变化，追踪当地野 who often have their noses in their phones.In 生食物，并决定如何管理野生动物。 2019,SIKU relaunched as a full-fledged social 4.What do we know about SIKU? network-a platform where members can post A.It traces data to do researches. photos and notes about wildlife sightings,hunts B.It gets tryout all over the world. and sea ice conditions.The app operates in multi- C.It allows people to post photos and notes. ple languages,such as Inuktitut,Innu and Green- D.It mainly focuses on traditional knowledge. landic.Since early 2024,over 25,000 people from 解析：C[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In at least 120 communities have made more than 2019,SIKU relaunched as a full-fledged social 75,000 posts on SIKU. network-a platform where members can post The app is also equipped with useful tools photos and notes about wildlife sightings, for life on the ice,including weather reports,sea hunts and sea ice conditions.(在20l9年，SIKU ice forecasts,and other critical safety informa- 作为一个完全成熟的社交网络重新启动，成员 tion."When I go out on the land with family,we 可以在这个平台上发布关于野生动物观察、狩 go a long distance,and the SIKU app can show 猎和海冰条件的照片和笔记。)”可知，SIKU允 which area we are in.It's precise,says Karen 许人们发布照片和笔记。] Nanook,who lives in Taloyoak,Nunavut. 5.What does the underlined word "full-fledged" The data held in SIKU is abundant and up to in Paragraph 3 mean? date,and communities are already using the app A.Well-developed. to inform important decisions.In 2021,for exam- B.Time-saving. ple,elders in Sanikiluaq were worried the local C.Business-centered. reindeer population had thinned,so the Hunters D.Fancy-looking. ·306· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 解析：A[词义猜测题。根据文章第三段 SKU应用程序可以显示我们在哪个区域。它 "Over the years,SIKU has stepped forward in 非常精确。'住在努纳武特省塔洛约克的Karen its development.Recently,the elders saw that Nanook说。)”可知，Karen对SIKU的态度是 the platform could help address a familiar chal- 支持的。] lenge:sharing knowledge with younger people 7.What is the text mainly about? who often have their noses in their phones. A.SIKU advocates the Inuit tradition. 年来，SIKU在发展中取得了长足的进步。最 B.SIKU promotes technological advances. 近，长辈们发现这个平台可以帮助解决一个熟 C.SIKU tracks changes in the environment. 悉的挑战：与经常盯着手机的年轻人分享知 D.SIKU helps local communities make deci- 识。)”可知，划线词所在句句意：在2019年， sions. SIKU作为一个完全成熟的社交网络重新启动， 解析：D[主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是 成员可以在这个平台上发布关于野生动物观 第一段“Few social networking platforms are 察、狩猎和海冰条件的照片和笔记。可知，ful known for inspiring positive social change fledged在此处意为“完全成熟的”。] these days,but an Inuit-developed app is help- 6.What is Karen's attitude towards SIKU? ing local communities from Alaska to Green- A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. land advance their self-determination.(如今，很 C.Intolerant. D.Curious. 少有社交网络平台以激发积极的社会变革而闻 解析：A[推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 名，但一款因纽特人开发的应用程序正在帮助 “‘When I go out on the land with family,wego 从阿拉斯加到格陵兰岛的当地社区提高他们的 a long distance,and the SIKU app can show 决定。)”可知，SIKU帮助当地社区做出决策，如 which area we are in.It's precise,'says Karen 跟踪环境变化，追踪当地野生食物，并决定如何 Nanook,who lives in Taloyoak,Nunavut..(‘当 管理野生动物。所以短文主要关于SKU帮助 我和家人出去的时候，我们会走很长的距离， 当地社区做出决策。] 阅读C 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：记叙文 话题：相互陪伴与关爱 The insistent knock on the door brought me As days went on,Mr.Locket became a daily quickly from my kitchen.With my children down visitor.Every day he read books in our big chair for a nap,I hurried to answer before they were with my children curled up on his lap.When they all awakened.We had just moved here and I took an afternoon nap,he would rest his head on couldn't imagine who it would be.I opened the the back of the chair.In his quiet and gentle door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in way,he endeared himself to each child.Gradually dirty clothing. the name "Grandpa Locket"slipped into our conversa- “Can I help you?”I asked,hoping he had tions. the wrong address. Three years later,we had to move to Ontario. "Would you like to buy some fresh garden He arrived as usual that morning."Mr.Lock- vegetables?"His voice was trembling but his et,"I tried to break the news in a gentle way, eyes were hopeful.I wondered if he badly needed "You've become a treasured part of this family, the bit of money he was asking for his produce. but..."Tears glistened in the corners of his "I'm Mr.Locket living around the corner.My eyes. wife passed away and my children live far away, "I promise to keep in touch with you he added.Later we knew that the need for com- and..."My throat tightened.He nodded and panionship had sent him door to door by means of softly said,"Thank you for all your kindness to selling fruits and vegetables and ours was the on- an old man.When I needed a family,you includ- ly door opened to him. ed me.With tears,we all hugged him tightly. ·307· 高考总复习英语(BS) About a year later,a small envelope from self to”与“made himself liked by”意思相近，表 Mr.Locket's daughter was delivered to our 示“使自己受…的喜爱、欢迎”。] home.She informed us that our dear old friend 10.Which sentence can show the old man's deep had died."I'm so grateful for your loving care for feeling for the family most? my father,.”she wrote,“I can see how much you A.“..When I needed a family,you included me.” meant to him,too."Actually we're also grateful B."You've become a treasured part of this for the unexpected love that swept into our lives family,but..” the moment we opened that door. C."Would you like to buy some fresh garden [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，记叙了作者一 vegetables?” 家与Locket先生相互陪伴与关爱的故事。 D.When they took an afternoon nap,he 8.Which of the following is the true reason why the would rest his head on the back of the old man knocked on the door? chair. A.To sell produce. 解析：A[推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 B.To visit the family. “He nodded and softly said,.‘Thank you for C.To beg for money. all your kindness to an old man.When I nee- D.To seek company. ded a family,you included me.'With tears, 解析：D[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Lat we all hugged him tightly.(他点点头，温柔地 er we knew that the need for companionship 说：‘谢谢你们对一位老人的好意。当我需要 had sent him door to door by means of selling 家人的时候，你们让我加入。’我们都流着泪紧 fruits and vegetables and ours was the only 紧地抱住了他。)”可知，老人十分感激作者一 door opened to him.(后来我们才知道，由于需 家的陪伴，因此，他对作者一家有很深的感情， 要陪伴，他不得不挨家挨户地推销水果和蔬菜， 而我们家的门是唯一向他敞开的。)”可知，老人 "..When I needed a family,you included me.”这一句最能体现老人对这家人的感情。] 敲门是为了寻求陪伴。] 9.What does the underlined phrase "endeared himself 11.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.All is well that ends well. to"in Paragraph 4 mean? A.Felt guilty about. B.Love is a two-way experience. B.Buried himself in. C.Children's company is important. C.Contributed himself to. D.All good things must come to an end. D.Made himself liked by. 解析：B[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 解析：D[词句猜测题。根据文章划线句上文 “‘I'm so grateful for your loving care for my "Every day he read books in our big chair with father,she wrote,'I can see how much you my children curled up on his lap.When they meant to him,too.'Actually we're also took an afternoon nap,he would rest his head grateful for the unexpected love that swept on the back of the chair.(每天他都坐在我们家 into our lives the moment we opened that 的大椅子上看书，我的孩子们蜷缩在他的腿上。 do0r.(‘我非常感激你们对我父亲的关爱，’她 他们午睡的时候，他会把头靠在椅背上。)”以及 写道：‘我知道你们对他也很重要。’其实我们 下一句“Gradually the name‘Grandpa Locket' 也很感激，当我们打开那扇门的那一刻，突如 slipped into our conversations..(渐渐地，‘Lock 其来的爱就席卷了我们的生活。)”可推知，作 et爷爷’这个名字出现在我们的谈话中。)”可 者一家给予老人关爱，同时也获得了老人的陪 知，Locket深受孩子们的喜爱，“endeared him- 伴，这种爱是相互的。] ·308· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 阅读D 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：动物跨种族友谊 You may have recently seen a video from the in same-species relationships.Some dogs don't like Beijing Wildlife Zoo becoming a hit.What exact- every other dog.Animals are very selective about the ly was so interesting about this video?It shows a other individuals who they let into their lives." dog playing with big cats four to five times its [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了动物之 size!Many people might wonder if this dog has a 间的跨种族友谊的现象和原因。 death wish,but it seems that the dog and the big 12.What is the common opinion about the friend- cats are good friends. ship between animals? The dog was actually raised alongside the li- A.It's easier for dogs and cats to become on and tiger cubs,making up an odd but loving friends. family,according to zoo officials.As opposed to B.Animals tend to play with peers of the the common belief,cross-species friendship has been same species. around for centuries.People have domesticated many C.The friendship between animals is not solid animals,most notably cats and dogs,and formed and reliable. bonds with them as pets.Perhaps you even have D.It's common that animals of different spe- a pet yourself. cies can become friends. There are many other instances of cross-spe- 解析：B[细节理解题。根据文章第一段 cies friendships. "Many people might wonder if this dog has a At an animal sanctuary in Santiago,Chile,a jag- death wish,but it seems that the dog and the uar named Marina and a deer named Laura big cats are good friends.(很多人可能会想这 formed a friendship after they both came to the 只狗是不是想死，但看起来这只狗和大型猫科 park.As neither animal had a mother,sanctuary 动物是好朋友。)”和第二段“As opposed to the staff said they instantly bonded when they met. common belief,cross-species friendship has Laura had been rescued from a slaughterhouse been around for centuries.(与人们普遍认为 while Marina had been rescued from the street. 的不同，跨物种的友谊已经存在了几个世 One possible explanation for these friend- 纪。)”可知，人们普遍认为，动物之间跨越 ships is the environment of the zoo.Animals 种族之间的友谊是不存在的，即动物们更 don't hunt for their food and don't need to worry 倾向于和同类的动物玩耍。] about marking their territory or looking for mates 13.Why are Marina and Laura mentioned in Para- in the way an animal in the wild would."All graph 4? those activities take time and energy,and if these A.To present a truth. needs are removed,the animals get bored,"Gor- B.To explain a phenomenon. don Burghardt,a psychologist at the University C.To introduce the topic. of Tenessee,US,told The Atlantic magazine. D.To provide a proof. "In this particular situation,the animal's motiva- 解析：D[推理判断题。根据文章第三段 tion to engage socially and playfully may be high- "There are many other instances of cross-spe- er in its need hierarchy(等级)than eating.” cies friendships..(还有很多其它的跨物种友谊 Marc Bekoff,former biology professor at the 的例子。)”和第四段“At an animal sanctuary University of Colorado,US,told Slate maga- in Santiago,Chile,a jaguar named Marina zine,"I think the choices animals make in cross- and a deer named Laura formed a friendship species relationships are the same as they'd make after they both came to the park.(在智利圣地 ·309· 高考总复习英语(BS) 亚哥的一个动物保护区，一只名叫玛丽娜的美 their food and don't need to worry about 洲虎和一只名叫劳拉的鹿来到公园后建立了 marking their territory or looking for mates in 友谊。)”可知，文章第四段提及Marina and the way an animal in the wild would..(对这些 Laura是为了提供动物跨物种友谊的证据。] 友谊的一个可能的解释是动物园的环境。动 14.What's the key factor of the animals'friendship in 物不猎食，也不需要像野生动物那样为划定领 the zoo according to Gordon Burghardt? 地或寻找配偶而烦恼。)”可知，从Gordon A.The existing tradition. Burghardt的观点来看，动物的内在社交驱动 B.The influence by mates. 力是动物园中动物友谊的关键因素。] C.The animals'inner social drive. 15.What's the purpose of the passage? D.The animals'raisers'instruction. A.To appeal to people to treasure animals. 解析：C[细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段 B.To inform readers of a special friendship. Gordon Burghardt的话“In this particular sit- C.To demonstrate the history of bringing up uation,the animal's motivation to engage so- pets. cially and playfully may be higher in its need D.To compare friendship between cross-species and hierarchy than eating..(在这种特殊的情况下， same-species. 动物参与社交和玩耍的动机可能比进食的需 解析：B[推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There are 求层次更高。)”及本段关键句“One possible many other instances of cross-species friendships. explanation for these friendships is the envi- 有很多其它的跨物种友谊的例子。)”及全文内容可 ronment of the zoo.Animals don't hunt for 知，本文介绍了动物间的一种特殊的跨种族友谊。] Ⅱ.七选五 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：电子书与传统书籍的特点 Studies have shown that students attain mean you can't footnote a printed book.3 more information when reading a hard-copy book You can use a highlighter,write in the margin compared to reading on a digital device. 1 (页边)，or-if you're feeling really adventur And students navigated traditional books more ous-use a ruler to create your own“book edge” easily,as teachers there put it.Although notes. e-books offer various navigation tools,physical 4 Rarely do we get the same "new book books'ease of use is irreplaceable.Turning pages smell"from an e-reader as we do from a freshly is still the best way to read. printed book.The concrete experience of physi- Fans of digital books may point out that cally turning pages and feeling the weight of a e-readers have a handy“search”tool.Old-fash book in your hands cannot be matched by an ioned books also have a search function,in which e-reader.Actually they make excellent compan- you turn back to the opening chapter to remind ions during leisure break. yourself of the hero's surname.They even have a In conclusion,printed books have triumphed "bookmark system",which uses a device called a over e-books because they offer an unparalleled “bookmark”.2 By simply turning the page, reading experience.The ease of use,the emotional you can see new information. connection,and the ability to footnote all contribute to Electronic books offer footnote capabilities, making printed books the preferred choice for many but so do traditional books.Using a "pencil"-a readers.5 favorite tool of schoolkids worldwide-you can A.You need to be more creative. mark important passages.This allows you to B.You can use smart tools as you like. highlight significant quotes or add your own in- C.There's still no substitute for the traditional sights.The absence of a built-in pencil doesn't book. ·310· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 D.Traditional books also excel at stirring up feel- 文的补充说明，说明实体书的使用特性，故F选 ings. 项“此外，折页的能力是实体书的额外好处”符 E.In response,one school in Australia abandoned its 合语境。] e-readers entirely. 3.A[根据上文“The absence of a built-in pencil F.Furthermore,the ability to dog-ear pages is a doesn't mean you can't footnote a printed bonus of physical books. b00k.(没有内置铅笔并不意味着你不能在印刷 G.A "progress bar"indicates what percentage of 书籍上做脚注。)”以及后文“You can use a the e-book has been read. highlighter,write in the margin(页边)，or-if [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要比较 you're feeling really adventurous-use a ruler 了电子书和传统书籍的特点及传统书籍的优点。 to create your own‘book edge’notes.(你可以 l.E[根据上文“Studies have shown that 用荧光笔，在页边空白处写，或者一如果你真 students attain more information when reading 的想冒险一用尺子做你自己的‘书边’笔 a hard-copy book compared to reading on a 记。)”可知，后文提到了做自己的“书边”笔记， digital device.(研究表明，与在电子设备上阅 即发挥创造力，故A选项“你需要更有创造力。” 读相比，学生在阅读纸质书时获得的信息更 符合语境。] 多。)”以及后文“And students navigated tradi- 4.D[根据本段内容“Rarely do we get the same tional books more easily,as teachers there put 'new book smell'from an e-reader as we do it.Although e-books offer various navigation from a freshly printed book.The concrete ex- tools,physical books'ease of use is irreplacea- perience of physically turning pages and feeling ble.Turning pages is still the best way to the weight of a book in your hands cannot be read.(正如那里的老师所说，学生们更容易驾 matched by an e-reader.Actually they make 驭传统书籍。虽然电子书提供了多种导航工 excellent companions during leisure break. 具，但实体书的易用性是不可替代的。翻页仍 们很少能从电子阅读器上得到与新印刷的书相 然是最好的阅读方式。)”可知，后文提到了那里 同的‘新书味’。实际翻页的具体体验，以及在 的老师。由此可知，本句提到了某个地点对于 手中感受书的重量，是电子阅读器无法比拟的。 电子阅读器采取的措施。故E选项“作为回 事实上，他们是休闲休息时的好伙伴。)”可知， 应，澳大利亚的一所学校完全放弃了电子阅读 本段的主旨是实体书带给了读者嗅觉和触感， 器。”符合语境。] 即情感方面的影响。故D选项“传统书籍也擅 2.F[根据上文“Fans of digital books may point 长激发情感。”符合语境。门 out that e-readers have a handy 'search'tool. 5.C[根据上文“In conclusion,printed books Old-fashioned books also have a search func- have triumphed over e-books because they offer tion,in which you turn back to the opening an unparalleled reading experience.The ease of chapter to remind yourself of the hero's sur- use,the emotional connection,and the ability name.They even have a 'bookmark system', to footnote all contribute to making printed which uses a device called a‘bookmark'.(电子 books the preferred choice for many readers. 书爱好者可能会指出，电子阅读器有一个方便 (总之，纸质书战胜了电子书，因此它们提供了 的‘搜索’工具，老式的书籍也有搜索功能，你可 无与伦比的阅读体验。易用性、情感联系和脚 以翻到开头一章来提醒自己主人公的姓氏。他 注功能都使纸质书成为许多读者的首选。)”可 们甚至有一个‘书签系统’，使用一种叫做‘书 知，本段为总结段落，概括实体书相较于电子书 签'的设备。)”以及后文“By simply turning the 的优点，最后指出传统书籍不可替代。故C选 page,you can see new information.(只要翻一 项“仍然没有什么东西可以代替传统的书籍。” 页，你就能看到新的信息。)”可知，本句是对上 符合语境。] ·311…