基础必备 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（北师大版）

基础必备 UNIT 11 主题语境人与社会—冲突与和解 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 词块背诵 佳句赏析 1.make a phone call to apologise打个电话道歉 1.Learn to adapt to,let your environment become bright; 2.respond with more anger用更多的愤怒回应 Learn to forgive,let your life without worry. 3.ask someone else for advice向他人寻求建议 学会适应，让你的环境变得明亮；学会原谅，让你的 生活没有烦恼。 4.move out of the rented flat搬出租来的公寓 2.It is not others who bother you,but you bother 5.make the bed every day每天整理床铺 yourself with the words and deeds of others. 6.enjoy the starry night outside享受外面的星夜 困扰你的不是别人，而是你拿别人的言行来困扰自己。 3.There is no winners in war,only losers. 7.machine gun机关枪 战争没有胜利者，只有失败者。 8.march a few hundred meters into the village square 4.Gold and wealth are the main causes of war. 行进几百米进入村庄广场 黄金和财富是战争的主要根源。 聚焦层级突破 对应学生P214 聚焦核心要点落实 「第一板块 -DIYIBANKUAI- 单词点拔台 2.prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的 [教材原句]Few people will admit to being racially [核心单词] prejudiced. L.complaint n,抱怨；投诉；控告 很少有人会承认自己有种族偏见。 [教材原句]He moved out of his rented flat after prejudice n. 偏见 complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the vt. 使怀有（或形成）偏见；损害 peace. prejudice against sb./sth. 对某人/某物的偏见 在邻居抱怨扰乱安宁后，他搬出了租来的公寓。 prejudice sb.(against sb./sth. 使某人（对某人/某物）有偏见 ①make a complaint about/of sth.抱怨/投诉某事 a victim of racial prejudice 种族偏见的受害者 make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨/投诉 [练通]—单句语法填空 ②complain v. 抱怨；发牢骚；投诉 (1)They are prejudiced against older applicants. complain (to sb.of/about (doing)sth. (2)I admit I had a prejudice against Bob. (向某人)投诉/抱怨（做）某事；（向某人）发牢骚 [金句]—完成句子 complain (to sb.)that. (向某人)抱怨 (3)It's a black comedy of racial prejudice,mistaken [练通]—单句语法填空 identity and thwarted expectations. (1)Dad never complained about/of unfairness! 这是一个关于种族歧视、身份错位和期望落空的 (2)(2025·北京卷)Instead of simply complaining 黑色喜剧。 (complain),he decided to do something about it. 3.arrest v.逮捕，拘捕；吸引；抑制；阻止n.逮捕；拘留 [金句]一一句多译 [教材原句] Grandpa Arrested After One Shower 人们向我抱怨得不到足够的信息。 Too Many 洗了“大澡”而被捕的爷爷 (3)People complained to me that they didn't get enough information.(complain to sb.that) arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 (4)People complained to me about/of not getting arrest sb.for sth. 因某事逮捕某人 be arrested in connection with the attack enough information.(complain to sb.about/of) 因与袭击案有关被捕 (5)People made a complaint to me about/of not get- place/put sb.under arrest 逮捕某人 ting enough information.(complaint) ·182· 基础必备选择性必修第四册 [练通]一单句语法填空 [练通]—单句语法填空 (l)(2025·浙江1月卷)They pursued and arrested (1)The young man was charged with robbery with (arrest)the man. violence (violent). (2)Yesterday afternoon the police put the thief un- (2)Strikes and violent (violence)protests are com- der arrest. mon in western countries. (3)The police arrested the man for theft at the sta- (3)It would do violence to his principles to disturb tion. others. [金句]—完成句子 (4)Additionally,some valuable books were also (4)The picture on the wall arrested my attention taken away by violence. when I hanged out along the street. [金句]—完成句子 当我在街上闲逛时，墙上的照片引起了我的 (5)Traffic accidents,heart attacks,and acts of vio- 注意。 lence do happen,which make people very fright- 4.pleasant adj,令人愉快的，宜人的；礼貌而友善的， ened. 和蔼可亲的 交通事故、心脏病，还有暴力冲突随时都在发生， [教材原句].while McKay is usually a peaceful 这使人们非常害怕。 and pleasant person.. 6.tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容；能经受 虽然迈奇平时是个平和的、礼貌而友善的人… [教材原句]He could no longer tolerate it. ①pleasantly adv. 愉快地 他忍无可忍了。 pleasing adj. 令人高兴的；令人满意的 ①tolerate sth. 容忍某事 ②pleased adj. 高兴的，愉快的；满意的 tolerate (sb./sth.)doing sth. be pleased with 对…感到满意 容忍（某人/某物）做某事 be pleased that... 对…感到高兴 ②tolerant adj. 宽容的 be pleased to do sth. 高兴/乐于做某事 be tolerant of 对…宽容 [练通]一单句语法填空 ③tolerance n: 宽容：容忍：忍受 (1)It took a long time to complete the work,but I'm [练通]—单句语法填空 very pleased with the results. (1)He won't tolerate being questioned (question) (2)I am pleased to tell (tell)you that you have been his decision. confirmed as the club's new coach. (2)Perhaps you need to be tolerant (tolerate)of (3)We're so pleased(please)that you're able to come your neighbors. to the wedding. (3)(2025·北京卷)Usually,better outcomes are (4)Amy's progress this year has been very pleasing achieved through a thorough understanding of (please). strategies like risk tolerance(tolerate). (5)We talked pleasantly (pleasant)of old times. [金句]一完成句子 [金句]—完成句子 (4)(2024·新课标I卷)No editor is likely to toler- (6)It's always pleasant to do what you're good at ate a writer who does not take the trouble to doing. spell words correctly. 做自己擅长的事总是令人愉快的。 没有哪个编辑会容忍一个不费心拼写单词的 (7)If there's anything we can do,we'd be very pleased to 作者。 help. 7.panic vi.&vt.使惊慌n.惊慌；恐慌 如果我们可以做点儿什么，我们会非常乐意帮忙。 [教材原句]The calm ended and panic set in. 5.violence n.暴力行为，暴力；猛烈；激烈 平静结束了，恐慌开始了。 [教材原句]，..he had been driven to this act of vi- panic sb.into doing sth. 使某人仓促行事 olence by literally getting wet just once too often. be panicked by sth. 恐慌某事 …他还是因为实在是再三被淋湿，做出了这种暴力 ②in panic 惊慌失措 行为。 be/get into a panic 陷入恐慌状态 ①appeal to violence 诉诸暴力 There is no panic. 不用着急。 do sb.violence 对某人施暴 [练通]—单句语法填空 physical violence 武力威胁 (1)There is no point getting into a panic about the by/with violence 用暴力 exams. acts of violence 暴行 (2)The crowd panicked (panic)at the sound of the ②violent adj: 狂暴的，凶暴的 guns. 183 高考总复习英语(BS) (3)(2025·浙江1月卷)The man stood up in a pan 2.pack vi.&vt.打包；收拾（行李）；装（箱）n.包，包裹 ic,then ran through the house toward the win ●教师专用 dow and jumped out. pack up (4)She suddenly got into a panic and stopped her car. 将（东西）装箱打包；收拾行李 (5)The big fire panicked people into running out of pack sth.away (用后)收拾好某物 the building. a pack of 一包；一帮；一群 [金句]一完成句子 单句语法填空/完成句子 (6)I screamed in panic when I found the door was (1)(2o23·全国乙卷)She had to pack up her bed locked. 当我发现门被锁上时，我惊慌地大叫起来。 room in Virginia. 8.distribute vt.分发；分配 (2)He used to smoke a pack of cigarettes a day. [教材原句]Bill distributed the beer among us and (3)In the canteen,students pack away their knives we consumed a lot. and forks after dinner. 比尔把啤酒分给大家，我们喝了很多。 (4)(2024·全国甲卷)(Dur fast train was packed with Odistribute sth.among/to sb. 分发，分配某物 passengers. ②distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态 我们的高铁挤满了乘客。 [练通]—一单句语法填空 3.vote n.投票（指行为）；票数y.投票；表决 (1)Distribute them to/among your family,your friends, 教师专用 and your colleagues and share the success with people you love. vote for 投票支持 (2)New social problems have arisen due to the un- vote against 投票反对 fair distribution (distribute)of the social wealth :vote on 对……进行表决 so far. [金句]—完成句子 单句语法填空/完成句子 (3)The world distribution of wealth and income is (1)Did you vote for or against her? highly unequal. (2)We'll listen to the argument on both sides and 财富和收入的世界分布极度不平衡。 then vote on it. [间考词汇] (3)(2024·新课标I卷)He has been voted National 1.assign vt..分配 Sports Writer of the Year 11 times. ●教师专用 他曾11次被评为年度国家体育作家。 ①be assigned to do sth. 被分配去做某事 4.departure n.离开，启程 ②assignment n. 任务；作业 ◆教师专用 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(2025·全国一卷)For the next two assignments Dthe departure time/gate (assign),a personal-narrative unit followed by a 离站时间/登机（或上车）口 creative-writing workshop,I only required that ②depart v. 离开：出发，启程 the piece meet the specifications of its genre( 单句语法填空/完成句子 and that it contain a thesis. (1)(2024·新课标I卷)I touched down in Vienna (2)My teacher assigned me to write (write)an essay about the reform and opening-up policy of China. just 30 minutes before the departure(depart)of (3)(2024·新课标I卷)Audio(音频)and video can the last bus to Prague. feel more engaging than text,and so university (2)(2023·新课标I卷)The tour departs from Dam teachers increasingly turn to these technologies- Square every hour on the hour,starting at 1:00 p.m. say,assigning (assign)an online talk instead of every day. an article by the same person. (4)Being assigned to take the job in the quake-hit (3)His sudden departure threw the office into chaos. area was more a worry than a pleasure to his 他的突然离开使整个办公室陷入一片混乱。 parents. (4)Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before de- 他被分配到地震灾区工作，对他的父母来说，与其 parture 说是一件乐事，不如说是一件烦心事。 航班应在起飞前48小时予以确认。 184 基础必备选择性必修第四册 主题语境·培优词汇库 1.分词形式的形容词 2.“-ty”结尾名词不甘示弱 ①annoy-→annoying>annoyed ①maturity 成熟 ②necessity 必需品 ②inspire-→inspiring→inspired ③similarity 相似（性） ③excite-→exciting→excited ④possibility 可能（性） ⑤quality 质量；品质 ④interest-→interesting->interested ⑥quantity 数量 ⑤puzzle-→puzzling→puzzled ⑦identity 身份；一致性 ⑥amaze-→amazing-→amazed ⑧dignity 尊严；自豪 ⑨equality 平等性 ⑦frighten→frightening>frightened ⑩variety 种类；多样性 第二板块 (4)(2025·浙江1月卷)Mrs.Green hugged Kevin, -DIERBANKUAI 短语、句式精剖析 thanking(thank)him for his bravery. 1.lead to导致，引起；通往，通向(to是介词) [金句]—完成句子 [教材原句]The situation can get worse or even (5)The hospital has recently obtained new medical lead to violence. equipment,allowing more patients to be treated. 这种情况可能会变得更坏或者甚至导致暴力。 医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，让更多的患者得 bring about 到治疗。 result in 导致，引起 3.with的复合结构 contribute to [教材原句]Two of our men then threw their cause equipment off and climbed out of the trench with [练通]一单句语法填空 their hands above their heads as our representatives. (1)His actions could lead to him losing (lose)his job. 然后，我们的两名士兵脱下装备，爬出战壕，双手举过 (2)(2025·全国二卷)Her success is just one exam- 头顶，作为我方代表。 ple of increased time at home leading (lead)to an 常见的with用法结构如下： explosion in the houseplant industry. ①with十宾语十doing(doing表主动或正在进行的 (3)As a consequence of her carelessness,his mistake resulted in the failure of the experiment. 动作) (4)The frozen road brought about so many traffic ②with十宾语十done(done表示被动或已完成的动作) accidents. ③with十宾语+todo(todo表将来的动作) [金句]一完成句子 ④with十宾语十介词短语/ad./adw. (5)Different methods can lead to various results. [练通]—单句语法填空 不同的方法会产生各种各样的结果。 (1)In my husband's hand was my wallet,with not a [润中华] penny missing (miss). In given conditions,a bad thing can lead to good re- (2)They sat together around the table,with the door sults. closed (close). 在给定的条件下，一件坏事可以带来好的结果。 (3)With the boy leading (lead)the way,they easily 2.v.-ing作状语 found the house. [教材原句]Being single,Ma Ning often held parties at (4)With a lot of work to do (do),he had to stay at night,but... 由于单身，马宁经常在晚上开派对，但是… home. 除表示原因外，现在分词短语还可以表示时间、伴 (5)He went to sleep happily with his tasks finished (finish) 随、条件、让步、结果等。 [金句]—完成句子 [练通]一单句语法填空 (6)(2025·北京卷)With a little help from his (1)Turning(turn)right,you will find the place you school and the local community centre,Mark want to go. used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for (2)Being(be)ill,she didn't go to school as usual to- his neighbourhood. day. (3)Knowing(know)all this,they made me pay for 在学校和当地社区中心的一点帮助下，马克用他 的砖块为他的社区建造了一个小型自行车棚。 the damage. 185 高考总复习英语(BS) 进阶>多维检测 对应学生P219 夯基固本多维运用 [维度1]词形转换 9.I have completed every assignment (assign)you 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 gave me. L.(2024·新课标I卷)I've matured(mature)alot 10.Her most annoying (annoy)habit was eating since then. with her mouth open. 2.(2024·北京卷)We help a grandparent even when [重落实] it is inconvenient(inconvenience). [维度3]课文语法填空 3.He was ashamed of his shameful (shame)behav- 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) ior. 或括号内单词的正确形式。 4.I don't approve of violence (violent)in any shape Smith lives above the McKays.He is a keen gar- or form. dener,and also a fish 1.collector (collect).The wa- 5.A line of people is formed for identification(identi- ter he sent over his balcony often ended up 2.on the ty). McKays'floor.It wasn't only the water 3.that both- 6.This species of butterfly is widely distributed(dis- ered the MeKays.They would 4.be sitting (sit)hap tribution)over our country. pily reading their newspapers when suddenly so 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)When we met,I handed him much water would come from above that they would the money I owed,along with a small gift from be as wet as if they 5.had showered (shower)with Prague to show my appreciation(appreciative). their clothes on!That Saturday was James'birth- 8.It was now desirable(desire)to bring in new labor day.His wife made him 6.a birthday cake,but before forces. he 7.blew (blow)the candles out,Smith emptied 9.He concluded (conclusion)that he would wait a one of his larger tanks over his balcony,so that both little longer. the McKays and the cake were wet through.James 10.As a college student,I think,it is necessary and was so angry that he hit Smith with his 8.walking beneficial(benefit)for many universities to build (walk)stick.After spending a night in a cell,James up a branch campus. went back home.He said it was 9.definitely (defi- ◆[维度2]动词的形式变化和固定用法 nite)the most exciting birthday ever.As for Smith, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的 he has promised 10.to change (change)his ways 适当形式填空。 from now on. 1.He was on the point of saying something when the [维度4幻话题作文（征文投稿） phone rang. 红星中学为了创建文明校园，促进和谐社会，举 2.The spectacular sunrise made us exclaim in surprise. 办主题为“Conflict Management”的征文比赛。假 3.(2024·新课标I卷)There is a warning(warn)for 定你是李林，请给校报投稿，你的文章需包括： strong winds up to 100 kilometers per hour. 1.你亲身经历的最严重或令你最难忘的冲突； 4.She would comfort us,with her native feelings of 2.你对处理冲突的反思或从中学到的经验教训。 life invigorating us to know toleration(tolerate) 注意：1.根据汉语提示补全作文； and content,not to fight with others. 2.词数80左右。 5.(2024·浙江1月卷)The chief complaint(com It's common for everyone to have conflict with others plain)about online courses is that they lack hu- in daily life.But sometimes people may lead the result to a man interaction. bad side 1.because they can't cope with the conflicts prop- 6.(2o24·北京卷)Conflict was often resolved(re ery(因为他们无法正确应对冲突).To solve the confliets solve)in musical battles. well,we should keep calm. 7.There is considerable room for negotiation (nego- In the past,someone always made fun of me be- tiate)on some of the details. cause I was too young and weak to protect myself. 8.We received over 300 inquiries (inquire)about the 2.This made me so angry that I finally fought with job. them(这让我非常生气，我终于和他们打架了).Af ·186. 基础必备选择性必修第四册 ter a fierce fight,we were punished by our teacher l4.scream/roar with laughter放声大笑 and had to go to hospital.All of us regretted our be- 15.laugh from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴 havior. 16.howl with laughter狂笑 Though the incident made me injured,it taught ●[佳句观摩] me a lot.3.I have learned the importance of keeping 1.15岁的詹妮嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，跑到妈妈屋里 calm(我学会了保持冷静的重要性).Keeping calm 炫耀她的新画作。 provides a great opportunity to think twice before With a broad smile on her lips,15-year-old Jenny we take action.With a calm mind,4.many conflicts rushed to her mom's room to show off her new can be solved without violence(许多冲突可以在没有 painting. 暴力的情况下解决).The relationship among 2.她妈妈停下来转过脸朝她微笑。（分词短语作定语） students will be more friendly and more harmoni- Her mother stopped to turn a smiling face to her. ous.So keeping calm is helpful in dealing with. 3.美丽的画让她的妈妈激动不已，笑容满面。 [维度5]读后续写微技能(20)—动作 Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting, 描写“笑” and a broad smile spread over her face. ●[多样表达] ●[好句仿写] L.smile微笑 1.她笑着朝詹妮眨了眨眼：“詹妮，你画得真好，我相 2.laugh大笑 信你会成为一个著名的画家。我真为你骄傲。” 3.grin咧着嘴笑 She smiled and winked at Jenny,"Jenny,you paint 4.giggle咯咯地笑 really well.I'm sure you will be a famous painter 5.chuckle轻声地笑 one day.I'm so proud of you. 6.abig/broad/,wide/bright smile灿烂的微笑 2.当她想象着自己成为画家时，她的脸上容光焕发， 7.smile and wink笑着眨眼 嘴角露出微笑。 8.smiling face笑脸 When she pictured herself becoming a painter,her 9.force/manage a smile强作欢颜 face lit up and lips curved in a smile. 10.flash a bright smile露出灿烂的微笑 3.她带着灿烂的笑容，满怀期待地奔向她的卧室。 11.with a laugh笑了一声 (分词短语作状语) 12.burst into laughter大笑 Smiling widely,she hurried to her bedroom with l3.explode with laughter哄堂大笑 great expectations 培优>提能加餐 对应学生P221 高考对接素养培优 [培优1]单元知识高考链接 一、熟词生义 1.A man has been arrested in connection with the 写出黑体词的词性和汉语意思 robbery. l.We stopped to tank the car up.n.给（汽车）加油 2.(2025·全国一卷)Batteries are energy-efficient 2.They failed to arrest the company's decline. and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. U.接人；兼容 3.She looked so beautiful,and at the same time so 3.An unusual noise arrested his attention. remote. adj.与人疏远的；清高的 4.He arrested on the way to the hospital 二、一词多义 根据语境选出arrest的含义 5.Poor food arrests the natural growth of children. A.u.吸引（注意） B.v.逮捕 E C.v.抑制 D.u.心跳停止 6.The treatment arrested the growth of the disease. E.u.妨碍 F.u.阻止；中止 187. 高考总复习英语(BS)》 [培优2]高考语篇培素养 一Topic:世界历史的局限性 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2023·全国乙卷)If you want to tell the history of the whole 1.What is the first paragraph main world,a history that does not privilege one part of humanity,you ly about? cannot do it through texts alone,because only some of the world has A.How past events should be pres- ever had texts,while most of the world,for most of the time,has ented. not.Writing is one of humanity's later achievements,and until fairly B.What humanity is concerned recently even many literate(有文字的)societies recorded their con- about. cerns not only in writing but in things. C.Whether facts speak louder than Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects,and words. some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in many cases D.Why written language is relia- we simply can't.The clearest example of this between literate and ble. non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict,at Botany Bay,be- 2.What does the author indicate by tween Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals.From mentioning Captain Cook in Par- agraph 2? the English side,we have scientific reports and the captain's record of A.His report was significant. that terrible day.From the Australian side,we have only a wooden B.He represented the local peo- shield()dropped by a man in fight after his first experience of gun- ple. shot.If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, C.He ruled over Botany Bay. the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as D.His record was one-sided. the written reports. 3.What does the underlined word In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, “conversation”in Paragraph3 there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted,especially refer to? when only the victors know how to write.Those who are on the los- A.Problem. B.History. ing side often have only their things to tell their stories.The Caribbe- C.Voice. D.Society. an Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Benin 4.Which of the following books is the and the Incas,all of whom appear in this book,can speak to us now text most likely selected from? of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they A.How Maps Tell Stories of the made:a history told through things gives them back a voice.When World we consider contact()between literate and non-literate societies B.A Short History of Australia such as these,all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted,on- C.A History of the World in ly one half of a dialogue.If we are to find the other half of that con- 100 Objects versation,we have to read not just the texts,but the objects. D.How Art Works Tell Stories [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅 曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数 依靠书面文字来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将 时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直 物品纳入历史叙事以便更好地理解无文字社会的重 到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而 要性。 且用实物来记录他们需要的事情。’)”可推知，第一 l.A[主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If you want 段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。] to tell the history of the whole world,a history 2.D[推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideally a that does not privilege one part of humanity,you history would bring together texts and objects, cannot do it through texts alone,because only and some chapters of this book are able to do just some of the world has ever had texts,while most that,but in many cases we simply can't.(理想情 of the world,for most of the time,has not.Writ- 况下，历史应该将文字和实物结合在一起，这本（历 ing is one of humanity's later achievements,and until 史)书的某些章节能够做到这一点，但在许多情况 fairly recently even many literate(有文字的)soci 下，我们根本做不到。)”可推断，作者认为历史应该 eties recorded their concerns not only in writing 是文字和实物相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我 but in things.(‘如果你想讲述整个世界的历史， 们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“From the 一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅 English side,we have scientific reports and the 通过文字来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史 captain's record of that terrible day.From the ·188· 基础必备选择性必修第四册 Australian side,we have only a wooden shield ◆素材积累 (dropped by a man in fight after his first ex- (一)由文本积累主题词块 perience of gunshot.(在英国方面，我们有科学报 1.the history of the whole world 世界历史 告和库克船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利 2.humanity's later achievement 人类后来的成就 亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男 3.texts and objects 文本和物体 子在第一次经历枪击后在战斗中扔下的。)”可知， 4.literate and non-literate history 作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的， 有文字和无文字的历史 只从自己的角度描述了问题。] 5.in addition to 除了…还有 3.B[词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The Carib 6.first-hand accounts 一手的叙述 bean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the Afri- 7.in many cases 在很多情况下 can people of Benin and the Incas,all of whom ap- pear in this book,can speak to us now of their (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 past achievements most powerfully through the 1.privilege v. 给予特权 objects they made:a history told through things 2.fairly adv. 相当地 gives them back a voice.When we consider con- 3.conflict n. 冲突 tact()between literate and non-literate socie- 4.reconstruct v. 重现，使再现 ties such as these,all our first-hand accounts are 5.interpret v. 解释 necessarily twisted,only one half of a dialogue. 6.miscomprehension n. 误解 (加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非 7.twist v. 扭曲 洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中， 8.gunshot n. 炮击 他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述 (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义代表的字母填到横 他们过去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了 线上) 他们一个声音。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文字社 object 会和无文字社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一手 资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。)”结合划 A.物体B.宾语C.客观D.反对 线句“If we are to find the other half of that con DIf it is a transitive verb,what is its object? versation,we have to read not just the texts,but B the objects..(如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们 2When a large object impacts the Earth,it makes 不仅要读文字，还要读物体。)”可知，我们对过去历 a crater. 4 史的了解，只是书写历史的人想要让我们了解的历 3I objected that he was too young for the job. 史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅 D 要读文字也要读物体。所以conversation指的是 ◆长句缩写 “历史”。] If you want to tell the history of the whole world, 4.C[推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you want a history that does not privilege one part of hu- to tell the history of the whole world,a history manity,you cannot do it through texts alone,be- that does not privilege one part of humanity,you cause only some of the world has ever had texts, cannot do it through texts alone,because only while most of the world,for most of the time,has some of the world has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most of the time,has not.(如果 not. 你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分 [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文字来讲述，因为 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) 世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而 去掉，留下“主于”（主谓宾或主系表）。 世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合 (If you want to tell the history of the whole 最后一段的“If we are to find the other half of that world),(a history)(that does not privilege one conversation,we have to read not just the texts, part of humanity),you cannot do it through texts but the objects.(如果我们要找到对话的另一半， alone,[(because only some of the world has ever 我们不仅要读文字，还要读物体。)”可知，本文讲述 had texts),while(most of the world,(for most 仅仅依靠书面文字来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要 更好的了解历史就要将文字和物品结合在一起。 of the time),has not)]. 从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件实物中的世界 [句子缩写]You cannot do it through texts 历史》。] alone.(不超过10个单词) 189·