基础必备 必修第三册 UNIT 9 LEARNING（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（北师大版）

基础必 UNIT 9 主题语境人与社会 学习 LEARNING 词块背诵 佳句赏析 1.listen to a different point of view 1.To live is to learn,to learn is not to live. 倾听不同的观点 活着就要学习，学习不是为了活着。 2.get in the way of learning妨碍学习 2.Learning should have three hearts,one confidence, 3.promote active learning提倡主动学习 two determination,three perseverance. 4.miss out on learning opportunities 学习要有三心，一信心，二决心，三恒心。 错失学习机会 3.The more we learn,the more we feel that we are 5.listen to the outer voice倾听外在的声音 poor. 6.on the basis of first impression 我们越是学习，越是觉得自己的贫乏。 以第一印象的基础上 4.If you don't want to waste your life in the world,it is 7.deal with unfamiliar words处理不熟悉的单词 necessary to study for a lifetime. 8.have a photographic memory有准确的记忆 如果不想在世界上虚度一生，那就要学习一辈子。 聚焦>层级突破 对应学生P93 聚焦核心要点落实 第一板块] -DIYIBANKUAI 单词点拔台 [金句]—一句多译 随着秋天来临，天气变得凉爽起来。 [核心单词] (4)With autumn approaching,the weather becomes 1.approach n.方法；途径y,靠近，接近；着手处理 cool.(with) [教材原句]What's your learning approach to it? (5)As autumn is approaching,the weather becomes 你的学习方法是什么？ cool.(as) ①an approach to... 接近；近似；…的方法/途径 (6)The approach of autumn brings the cool weath- at the approach of 在快到…的时候 er.(approach n. ②approach sb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物 2.reflect vt.反映；反射；显示 be approaching 正在/将要接近 [教材原句]to reflect on反思 [点津](l)an approach to中的to为介词，后面要 ①reflect on/upon 反思/思考/反省： 跟名词或动名词作宾语。 ②be reflected in 显示/反映… (2)approach表示“方法”时，其后往往接介词to,类似 ③reflection n. 反射：沉思；映像 的还有： [练通]—单句语法填空 the answer to the question间题的答案 (1)When the sun's rays hit the earth,a lot of heat is the key to the door门的钥匙 reflected (reflect)back into space. the solution to sth.解决…的办法 (2)(2024·北京卷)When we slow down,we create [练通]—一单句语法填空 space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, (1)The job market has changed and our approaches which helps us identify important areas of our to finding (find)work must change as well. lives and gives us the opportunity to make right (2)(2024·北京卷)One night,in my early40s,I choices. dreamed that a big woman in red approached(ap- (3)(2024·新课标I卷)However,for maximizing proch)me,handed me a bag of paints,and told learning where mental focus and reflection (re- me to start painting. flect)are called for,... (3)(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach to (4)(2025·北京卷)I talked to one of the senior ap- gardening has been gaining in popularity world- plicants who answered questions in a way that wide. reflected(reflect)the faith she had in herself. ·77 高考总复习英语(BS) [金句]一完成句子 [金句]—句式升级 (5)Reading history is an amazing experience because (4)If there wasn't the hard work of the dustman,can it enables us to reflect on the social and economic you imagine what our environment will be like? life of the people living long time ago. Assuming that there wasn't the hard work of 阅读历史是一种惊人的经历，因为它使我们能够 the dustman,what can you imagine our environ- 反映生活在很久以前的人们的社会和经济生活。 ment will be like?(分词作状语) 3.argue vi..&vt.争论；争辩；论证 (5)People assume that a student's daily life is as im- [教材原句]Argue with your inner voice portant as his learning experience in America. 与你内心的声音争论 It's assumed that a student's daily life is as im- ①argue for/against sth..据理力争/反对某事 portant as his learning experience in America.(it 作形式主语) argue with sb.on/about/,over sth.与某人争论某事 5.impression n.印象；感想 argue sb.into/out of doing sth. [教材原句]Active learners do not judge people 说服某人做/不做某事 based on first impressions or personal feelings. argue that .. 主张/认为…… 主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断人。 ②argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵；论据 ①impress sb.with sth.. 某事给某人留下印象 beyond argument 无可辩解 impress sth.on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事 [练通]—单句语法填空 be impressed with/by... 对…有深刻印象 (1)I regretted arguing with her about such a small ②impression n. 印象；印记 question. leave/have/make a(n)...impression on sb (2)After a long time of discussion they accepted the 给某人留下…的印象 agreement without argument (argue). ③impressive adj: 给人深刻印象的；感人的 (3)(2021·北京卷)The mental health benefits from [练通]一用impress的适当形式填空 music can't be argued (argue). (l)(2025·全国二卷)The Hereford Cathedral is the (4)(2025·北京卷)The parent argued that none of most impressive building in town. her friends'parents let them have screens after 9 (2)(2021·北京卷)My first impression of the organi- o'clock. zation was that it was not going to make enough of a [金句]—完成句子 difference with the plans I had in mind. (5)We tried many ways to argue him into following (3)(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the our advice,but in vain. doctors and their assistants working and living in 我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是 such little space but still staying focused and very 徒劳。 concerned. 4.assume v.认为；假定，假设 [金句]—一句多译 [教材原句]Many people assume that the human 他在音乐会上的表演给我留下了很深的印象。 brain is set on“automatic” that means it learns (4)He impressed me deeply with his performance at all by itself. the concert.(impress...with... 很多人认为人类的大脑是“自动运行的”，这是说大脑 (5)His performance at the concert left/had/made a 能自动学习。 deep impression on me.(impression) 6.recommend v.推荐；建议 ①assume...tobe 认为…是… [教材原句]I would recommend that you try sim assume that... 假定/认为…… plified classic literature,such as short stories and no- It is assumed that... 人们认为… vels rewritten in simple English. assuming (that) 假定… 我建议您尝试简化的经典文学，例如用简单英语重写 ②assumption n. 假设；假定 的短篇故事和小说。 [练通]—一单句语法填空 ①recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 (l)(2022·北京卷)A systems approach to creating recommend sth.to sb. 向某人推荐某物 change is also built on the assumption(assume) recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 that everyone in the system has equal power. recommend that...(should)do sth. (2)We must assume him to be(be)innocent until he 建议…做某事 is proved guilty. ②recommendation n. 建议 (3)(2024·浙江1月卷)For a few months after the [练通]—单句语法填空 "library"opened,I didn't bother taking a look, (1)(2021·新高考I卷)If I had to make just one as I had assumed(assume)that it would be recommendation (recommend)for where to stay stuffed full of cheese love stories. in Rome,it would be Yellow Hostel. ·78· 基础必备必修第三册 (2)(2025·浙江1月卷)Instead,she recommends [练通]一单句语法填空 applying (apply)a well-known concept among (l)(2o21·浙江卷)There is a lot of really interesting nutrition experts called the "Division of Respon- evidence (evident)which seems to be suggesting that sibility,”.. if children are inspired up to the age of seven,then (3)(2024·浙江1月卷)This exercise is recommen being outdoors will be a habit for life. ded (recommend)for several reasons. (2)The first signs of spring are in evidence. [金句]一句型转换 (3)It is evident(evidence)that the party was a failure. (4)We strongly recommend him to report the inci- (4)Evidently(evidence),the Amber Room was worth re- dent to the police. building. -We strongly recommend that he should report [金句]一完成句子 the incident to the police. (5)(2025·北京卷)The good news is that there is 7.arrangement n.计划；安排 evidence we can learn to change our own story. [教材原句]facts and arrangements 事实和安排 好消息是，有证据表明，我们可以学会改变自己的 ①arrangement n. 安排；筹备；布置；整理 故事。 make arrangements for 为…做好安排 9.expose.使接触；使体验 ②arrange sth.for sb. 为某人安排某事 [教材原句]..and ensure that they are exposed to arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 a wide variety of different types of literature from a arrange for...to do sth. 安排…做某事 young age. arrange that. 商定…安排… …并确保他们从小就接触各种不同类型的文学 [点津](1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for 作品。 sb.to do sth.而不用arrange sb.to do sth.。 ①expose..to.· 使…暴露于 (2)make arrangements (for sth./for sb.to do sth.) expose sb.to sth 使某人接触某物 中的arrangement常用复数形式。 ②exposure n. 暴露；揭露 [练通]一单句语法填空 [练通]一单句语法填空 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Artworks are selected and (1)(2025·全国一卷)Still,the findings show a po arranged(arrange)in a way that emphasizes these tential path forward for reducing microplastic ex- connections between different eras and cultures. posure(expose)-a task that's becoming increas- (2)(2024·新课标I卷)Groups of five or more re- ingly difficult. quire special arrangements(arrange)and must be (2)Some people think we shouldn't expose the chil- confirmed in advance. dren to playing (play)computer games. (3)I have arranged for Tom to pick up the experts at (3)Being exposed (expose)to strong sunlight will the airport. do harm to your health. [金句]一完成句子 [金句]一句式升级 (4)They have arranged for a lawyer to help you. Being exposed to the sunlight for too long will be 他们已经安排了一位律师来帮你。 harmful to your skin. [润中华] (4)Exposing yourself to the sunlight for too long (2025·浙江1月卷)Led by the concept of“right will be harmful to your skin.(动名词短语作 plant,right place",they match plants that enjoy the 主语) same soil,sun and weather conditions,and arrange (5)If exposed to the sunlight for too long,you will them according to their patterns of growth. get your skin harmed.(if省略句) 在“正确的植物，正确的地方”的概念的指导下，他们 [间考词汇] 将享有相同土壤、阳光和天气条件的植物进行匹配， 1.promote vt.促进，增进 并根据它们的生长模式进行安排。 》教师专用 8.evidence n,证据，证明 Dpromote the development/growth/understanding [教材原句]..，the low numbers of boys reading 促进发展/增长/加深了解 for enjoyment and their limited choices when they promote sb.to sth. 提升某人担任某职务 do,is evidence of an issue that needs to be addressed. be promoted to... 被提升为… 男孩中为享受而阅读的人数很少，而且他们的选择有 ②promotion n. 晋升；提升 限，这证明了一个需要解决的问题。 a chance of promotion 一个晋升的机会 ①There is some evidence that...有证据证明 单句语法填空/完成句子 in evidence 显眼：显而易见 (1)(2025·全国二卷)I put in effort for five years to ②evident adj. 明显的；明白的 gain more experience.But there seems no hope It's evident that... 很明显… of being promoted(promote). ③evidently adv: 明显地；显然地 (2)The new job is a promotion(promote)for him. 79. 高考总复习英语(BS) (3)She worked hard and was soon promoted. (4)No one knows when such a custom first came in- 她工作很努力，很快被提拔了。 to existence. (4)The organization works to promote friendship 没有人知道这种风俗是何时开始形成的。 between nations. 3.unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的 该组织致力于促进各国之间的友谊。 ●教师专用 2.exist vi.存在；实际上有 ●教师专用 familiar adj. 熟悉的 ①exist on 靠…为生 sb.be familiar/unfamiliar with sth. exist by 以…方式为生 某人熟悉/不熟悉某物 exist in 存在于…之中 sth.be familiar/unfamiliar to sb. There exists/existed... 某地有…；存在 某人对某物熟悉/不熟悉 ②existence.: 存在 单句语法填空/问句型转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(2024·北京卷)To facilitate our comprehension (1)(2023·北京卷)The existence(exist)of a living of the world,we build models based on concep- system is not about the use of anything. (2)There exists (exist)a good way to solve the tual metaphors(隐喻)that are familiar to us.. problem at present. (2)I am unfamiliar with the theatre built last year. (3)The old man became seriously ill,and has only (3)I am familiar with his style of design. existed on milk ever since. His style of design is familiar to me. 主题语境·培优词汇库 1.“获得；得到”；家族 2.un前缀高频形容词集锦 ①acquire vt. 获得；取得 ②achieve vt. 取得；获得 ①unlikely 不大可能的 ②unfamiliar 不熟悉的 ③obtain vt.. 获得；得到 ③unimportant 不重要的 ④unusual 不寻常的 ④gain vt.&.vi. 获得；赢得 ⑤unhappy 不幸福的 ⑥unfortunate 不幸运的 ⑤win ut. 获得；赢得 ⑦unsuccessful 不成功的 ⑧untidy 不整齐的 ⑥get vt: 得到；收到 第二板块 [润中华] LDIERBANKUAI 短语、句式精剖析 His speech ended up with a saying "Failure is the l,end up doing最后；最终 mother of success. [教材原句]Be flexible in your opinions and you 他在演讲最后说了一句话：“失败是成功之母”。 might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer 2.work out弄懂某事物；计算出；进展顺利；解决； after all. 锻炼 灵活处理你的意见，你最终可能会同意说话人或者作 [教材原句].，，and the very act of working out 者的话。 questions will help you to achieve a higher level of end up with 以…结束 understanding about the topic. end up as 最后成为… …探究问题的过程有助于你更好地理解该主题。 end up in 以…结束 [练通]一写出下列句中work out的汉语意思 end up nowhere 一事无成 (1)Luckily,things have worked out well so far. [练通]—单句语法填空 进展 (1)(2024·浙江1月卷)He noted that his online (2)We must work out a plan as quickly as we can. 制定 students usually end up with lower grades. (2)If you continue to steal,you will end up in prison. (3)(2025·全国二卷)Ms Donohue began to work (3)(2023·浙江1月卷)Often,they1 l end up filling out and follow a healthy lifestyle,... 锻炼 (fill)the area with small stones and using chemi- (4)It took me five minutes to work out that question just now. 解答 cals to control weeds. [金句]一完成句子 (5)The map I got yesterday is wrong,so I can't work out where we are now. (4)Joining the firm as a clerk,he got rapid promo- 弄清楚 tion,and ended up as a manager. [金句]—完成句子 他进公司时是职员，很快得到提升，最终当上 (6)Do you know how to work out the problem? 经理。 你知道如何解决这个问题吗？ ·80· 基础必备必修第三册 3.be based on以…为根据 [点津]suggest表示“暗示；表明”时，其后所接的宾 [教材原句]Even when an idea sounds entirely unlike- 语从句用陈述语气。 ly,there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth. [练通]一单句语法填空 即使某个想法听起来完全不可能，其中也可能有某个 (1)(2023·全国甲卷)But psychology research sug 方面是基于事实的。 gests waiting (wait)for things actually makes us base vt.以…为据点；以…为基础 happier in the long run. n.底部；根据；总部 (2)(2025·全国一卷)Two months passed.My wife base sth.on/upon suggested I get (get)in touch with my brother, 以……为根据/基础；把…建立在… but I resisted,thinking he should call first. at the base of..:在…的底部 (3)(2025·浙江1月卷)I suggest we(should)limit [练通]一单句语法填空 (limit)the time for filming and choose proper (1)(2025·浙江1月卷)It's based on her teaching places. experience in Africa last year. (2)The squirrel disappeared into a hollow at the (4)His pale face suggested that he was (be)un- base of the tree. healthy. (3)(2024·全国甲卷)What is moderation(适度)？ [金句]—完成句子 Basically(base),it means eating only as much (5)Mary's pale face suggested that she was ill.And food as your body needs. her father suggested that she (should)have a [金句]一完成句子 medical examination. (4)His theory is based on a series of experiments. 玛丽苍白的脸表明她病了。她父亲建议她做一次 他的理论是基于一系列的实验。 体检。 (5)She based the story on her own experience. 6.if型省略结构 她根据自己的亲身经历写出了这个故事。 [教材原句]If not,at least you have“listened to” 4.be honoured to do sth.很荣幸做某事 another point of view. [教材原句]Today,we're honoured to have two 如果没有，至少你已经“听取”了另一种观点。 special guests with us to tell us about this. 今天，我们很荣幸邀请到两位特别嘉宾来告诉我们这 f型省略结构如下： 件事。 ①在f引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句的主语和 in honour of 为了纪念；为了表示敬意 主句的主语一致，同时从句谓语含有助动词be,则 It's a great honour to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸！ 可省略该从句的主语和助动词be,这时if从句有以 honour sb.with sth. 下两种常见结构： 用某物向某人表示尊敬；授予某人某种荣誉 f十现在分词（主语和从句中的谓语动词是逻辑上 [练通]一单句语法填空 的主谓关系) (1)(2025·浙江1月卷)I'm honored to have(have) 十过去分词（主语和从句中的谓语动词是逻辑上 my voice heard to make a difference in the lives 的动宾关系) of those little birds that share our city. ②在if,when,where等引导的条件状语从句中，有 (2)They intend to throw a party especially in honour 时可以省略从句的主谓语itis/was,有时可省略从 of his homecoming. 句中的there be或省略从句中与主句相同的部分， (3)Could you honor me with some scores after I an- 在这类省略结构中有的已构成固定结构，这类结构 swer your question? 常见的有： [金句]—完成句子 if十so/not:ifso如果这样；if not不然 (4)He says that he would feel honoured to be asked if+形容词：if necessary如果有必要； to dinner. 他说被邀请来吃晚餐他感到很荣幸」 if possible如果有可能 where necessary在有必要的地方 5.suggest doing sth. [教材原句]I suggest doing five things to take an when possible有可能时 active role in your learning. if+代词：if any如果有的话；即使有…也不（主 我建议做五件事，在你的学习中发挥积极作用。 句为否定意义) suggest(sb./sb.'s)doing sth. if ever如果曾经；即使…也不（与表示否定 建议（某人）做某事 意义的词连用) suggest suggest that... [练通]一单句语法填空 的常见搭配： 建议…（从句用虚拟语气） (l)(2025·北京卷)Then,experiment bravely,learn It is suggested that... relevant skills if needed(need),and keep trying 人们建议… despite difficulties. 81 高考总复习英语(BS) (2)You will find yourself upset by traffic jams if liv- [金句]一句型转换 ing (live)in the center of the city,especially (5)If it is necessary,you can turn to me for help at during the rush hour. any time. (3)Has it been a while since your last visit to a pub- If necessary,you can turn to me for help at lic library?If so,you may be surprised to learn any time.(省略结构) that libraries have changed for the better. (6)The medicine is quite effective if it is taken on time. (4)(全国Ⅲ卷)If the steps you take are working, -The medicine is quite effective if taken on keep it up.If not,take another look at other time. methods you could try. 进阶>多维检测 对应学生P99 夯基固本多维运用 [全练透] 8.Now I've learnt to avoid listening (listen)to my ◆[维度1]词形转换 inner voice all the time and sometimes I even ar- 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 gue with it. 1.We have already made arrangements(arrange)for 9.These children are all good at remembering parti- our vacation. cular things for a limited(limit)time. 2.When staying (stay)at home,I often play chess 10.(2024·全国甲卷)Doctors see up to150 patients with my grandpa. every day.The train's equipment allows for basic 3.I really want you to share your excitement(excite) (base)checkups. [重落实] and happiness with me. [维度3]课文语法填空 4.Last year before the spring festival,the price of 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) pork increased sharply(sharp). 或括号内单词的正确形式。 5.Jack,with his parents,intends(intend)to set out Most people assume that the human brain for Europe on business next week. learns all by 1.itself (it).But this isn't always 6.We don't want to run the risk of losing (lose) true.We need to train ourselves to be better learn- their business. ers-to actively take part in the learning process 7.People want to do better,but they end up doing and to reflect on 2.what we have learnt.These (do)worse. kinds of learning behaviours are called "active 8.Making (make)friends on the way helps travelers learning".I suggest doing five things to take an ac- feel more or less at home. tive role in your learning. 9.The speech ability has much to do with the ac- First,listen to the outer voice.Although your quirement (acquire)of tacit knowledge. inner voice can be useful,it can also get in 3.the 10.The committee made recommendations (recom- way of learning.Active learners are open-minded mend)to the board on teachers'pay and condi- and tend to focus 4.on the outer voice.Second,ar- tions. gue with your inner voice.If you find your inner ◆[维度2]动词的形式变化和固定用法 voice difficult 5.to control (control),you can argue 在空格处填人一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的 with it as most active learners do.Be flexible in your 适当形式填空。 opinions and you might end up 6.agreeing (agree) 1.What is your learning approach to English which with the speaker/writer after all.Third,ask ques- you enjoy most? tions.Asking questions is the 7.easiest (easy)way 2.The boy is going to revise for an English exam to promote active learning.The answers will lead you to further learning,and the very act of working next week. out questions will help you to achieve a higher level 3.(2024·新课标I卷)We were tasked to draw or paint of understanding about the topic.Fourth,get to the something that impressed(impress)us most. truth.Active learners do not accept everything they 4.There is so much ignorance(ignore)about mental learn.They attempt to find the 8.truth (true)at the illness. heart of each idea.Finally,focus on the message. 5.I was unaware of his existence(exist)until today. Many people refuse to learn or ignore what 9.is said 6.The reflection(reflect)of sunlight on the lake daz- (say)because of who the speaker/writer is.Active zled me. learners do not judge people 10.based (base)on first 7.After a heated argument(argue)a decision was fi- impressions or personal feelings.Instead,they sepa- nally taken. rate the message from the messenger. ·82· 基础必备必修第三册 ●[维度4幻话题作文（建议邮件） 秋天 假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jack想学闽南 5.秋天是一个非常美丽的季节，金黄的落叶铺满 方言(dialect)。请你给他写封电子邮件，提出你的建 大地。 议，内容包括： Autumn is a very beautiful season with a carpet of 1.多和当地市民交流； golden fallen leaves. 2.观看闽南方言电视节目； 冬天 3.买一本有关闽南方言的词典。 6.现在天黑了，雪还在下，一片片的雪花无声地飘落。 注意：1.根据汉语提示补全作文； It's dark now and the snow is still falling,clumps of snowflakes drifting windlessly down. 2.词数80左右： 7.风呼啸着，大雪纷飞，雪白的粉末蒙蔽了黑夜。 3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 The wind howled,piling up drifting snow,blind- Dear Jack, ing the night with ice-white dust. Glad to know you feel like learning the Minnan ●[佳句观摩] dialect.1.I think it can help you fit better into the 1.早先光秃秃的树枝已向灿烂的春光伸出它们长满 city(我认为它可以帮助您更好地融入城市).Now 绿芽的枝干。 let me offer you some suggestions. The previously bare branches offered their wands 2.It would be a good idea if you could commu- of tight green buds to the brilliant rays of spring. nicate with the local citizens(如果您可以与当地公民 2.晴空万里，太阳像烙铁一样灼烧着我的背。 交流，那将是一个好主意)because it can improve Blue skies stand tall and far,and the sun is like a your fluency.3.Watching the dialect programs on branding iron searing my back. MNTV-3 can also contribute to better pronunciation 3.叶子在中秋凉爽的空气中飘落，告别甜美的夏天， and understanding(在MNTV-3上观看方言节目也 召唤着秋天。 Leaves fluttered down in the cool midautumn air, 有助于更好的发音和理解).Besides,a dictionary on biding farewell to sweet summer and beckoning the the Minnan dialect,4.which you can refer to when- autumn. ever you want(您可以随时参考)，can be of great 4.天气极其恶劣，冷得刺骨，天色阴郁，能见度极低。 help.Optional course of the Minnan dialect in our The weather was at its worst,bitterly cold,with school is a good choice,too. leaden skies that gave minimum visibility. I hope you will find the suggestions useful. ●[好句仿写] Yours, 1.然后春天来了。像白色毯子一样的雪融化了。孩 Li Hua 子们出去采野花，像鹿一样到处乱跑。 [维度5] 读后续写微技能(9)一“有关季节描 Then spring came.The white blanket melted 写的表达” away.Children were out for wild flowers,and ●[多样表达] raced around like deer. 春天 2.在仲夏的烈日下，一切有生命的东西似乎都已用尽 1.已是春天但仍有寒意。 了它们的能量。 It's spring but there's still a chill in the air. Under the burning sun of midsummer,all the liv- 2.怡人的奶油色和粉色的花朵像蛋糕一样结在树上。 ing things seem to have worn out their energy. 3.在几乎光秃秃的树下是一层厚厚的落叶，背景里的 The blossom arrives like cake frosting on the trees 绿色草地是对逝去的夏天的回忆。 in delicious cream and pink. A carpet of fallen leaves lay beneath nearly bare 夏天 trees,with green grass in the background serving 3.有时天气炎热得几乎令人难以忍受。 as a memory of the passing summer. At times,the heat was barely tolerable. 4.天开始下雪了，寒风呼啸，好像在寻找什么人。 4.天气炎热，连一丝风都没有。 It began to snow;a cold wind blew and roared as The weather was hot,without a breath of wind though it were seeking someone 培优提能加餐 对应学生P101 高考对接素养培优 [培优1]单元知识高考链接 一、熟词生义 thenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosys- 写出黑体词的词性和汉语意思 tems..” .体现 1.(2022·新高考I卷)The GPNP is designed to re- 2.The court assumed responsibility for the girl's flect the guiding principle of "protecting the au- welfare. .承担 ·83· 高考总复习英语(BS) 3.We have come to an arrangement over the matter 1.The past few years have seen a sharp decline in between the school and the parents. morality. F n.商定；协议 2.Bring the object into focus if you want a sharp 4.(2022·全国乙卷)They often cover only their photograph. D eyes with their hands,leaving the rest of their A bodies exposed. adj.无遮蔽的 3.That woman has a very sharp tongue. 4.I cut my finger on a sharp stone. C 二、一词多义 根据语境选出sharp的含义 5.It was very sharp of you to have noticed that. A.adj.尖刻的 B.adj.机灵的 C.adj.锋利的 D.adij.清晰的 6.Many people make a sharp distinction between hu- E.adj.清晰可辦的 F.adj.急剧的 mans and other animals. E [培优2]高考语篇培素养 Topic:语言学习 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2022·新高考卷)Human speech contains more than2,000 1. Which aspect of the human speech different sounds,from the common“m”and“a”to the rare sound does Damian Blasi's research clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain focus on? sounds more common than others?A ground-breaking,five-year A.Its variety.B.Its distribution. study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new C.Its quantity.D.Its development. speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. 2.Why was it difficult for ancient hu- More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted man adults to produce labiodentals? that speech sounds called labiodentals,such as“f”and“v”,were A.They had fewer upper teeth than more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. lower teeth. Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University B.They could not open and close of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose. their lips easily. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of C.Their jaws were not conveniently ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，making it hard to pro structured. duce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip( D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough. to the upper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构)，making it easier to produce such sounds. 3.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Supporting evidence for the re- The team showed that this change in bite was connected search results. with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food B.Potential application of the re- became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn't have to search findings. do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large. C.A further explanation of the re- Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there search methods. was a global change in the sound of world languages after the D.A reasonable doubt about the re- Neolithic age,with the use of“f”and“v”increasing remarkably search process. during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not 4.What does Steven Moran say about found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. the set of human speech sounds? This research overturns the popular view that all human A.It is key to effective communica speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around tion. 300,000 years ago."The set of speech sounds we use has not B.It contributes much to cultural di- necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human be- versity. ings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find C.It is a complex and dynamic sys- today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biologi- tem. cal change and cultural evolution,"said Steven Moran,a mem- D.It drives the evolution of human ber of the research team. beings ·84· 基础必备必修第三册 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 5.the popular view 流行的观点 因为饮食的改变导致了在现在世界上一半的语言中 6.remain stable 保持稳定 发现了新的语音。 7.the research team 研究小组 1.D[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“More 8.cultural evolution 文化进化 than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such 1.click n. 咔哒声；（鼠标）点击；吸气声 as‘f'and‘v',were more common in the langua- 2.labiodentals n. 唇齿音 ges of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team 3.overbite n. (牙齿)覆咬合 of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the Univer- 4.jawbone n. 下颌骨 sity of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and 5.analyse v. 分析；分解；化验 why this trend arose.”可知，Damian Blasi的研究 6.remarkably adv. 引人注目地；明显地 重点是在语言的演变上。] 7.overturn ut.&vi. 推翻 2.C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They discov- n. 垮台 ered that the upper and lower front teeth of 8.interplay n. 相互作用 ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，making (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横 it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by 线上) touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later, 1.rare our jaws changed to an overbite structure,making A.稀少的 B.珍贵的 it easier to produce such sounds.”可知，因为古代 C.半熟的 D.极好的 成年人的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。] DIt remained an exceptionally rare book until it 3.A[主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Analyses of a was reprinted in 1918. A language database also confirmed that there was a 2Ferris has a rare ability to record her result of global change in the sound of world languages af- research on paper. D ter the Neolithic age,with the use of 'f'and 'v' 2.trend increasing remarkably during the last few thou- sand years.These sounds are still not found in the A.趋势B.规范C.风尚 languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. DOne region is attempting to resist the trend of 可知，第五段主要是通过列明数据分析结果来进一 economic decline. A 步证明研究结果。门] 2The record has already proved a success and C 4.C[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“The set may well start a trend. ◆长句缩写 of speech sounds we use has not necessarily re- mained stable since the appearance of human be- A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that di- ings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds et-related changes in human bite led to new speech that we find today is the product of a complex in- sounds that are now found in half the world's lan- terplay of things like biological change and cultur- guages. al evolution,"said Steven Moran,a member of [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介词 the research team.可知，Steven Moran认为语音 短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句) 是一个复杂的动态系统。] 去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 ◆素材积累 A(ground-breaking,five-year)study shows that (一)由文本积累主题词块 (diet-related)changes (in human bite)led to new 1.different sounds 不同的声音 speech sounds (that are now found in half the 2.southern African languages 南部非洲语言 world's languages). 3.front teeth 前牙 [句子缩写]A study shows changes led to new 4.a global change 全球变化 speech sounds.(不超过l0个单词) ·85·