高考英语长难句分析 课件-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项
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摘要:
该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦长难句分析核心考点,依据高考评价体系梳理了状语从句、强调句、分词作状语等八大语法结构,通过近五年真题统计明确定语从句、宾语从句等高频考点占比超60%,归纳句子拆分、词义推测等常考题型,构建针对性备考体系。
课件亮点在于“拆分-词汇-整合”三步实战法,如以强调句为例,通过定位强调部分、分析分词状语培养学生语言能力和思维品质,特设难词库和翻译模板,助力学生掌握长难句破解技巧,教师可依托此课件系统开展语法专项训练,提升复习效率。
内容正文:
高考英语
长难句分析
英文长难句
1. Whether we realize it or not, we are all like those chess masters and chicken sexers, interpreting the present in light of what we've learned in the past, and letting our previous experiences shape not only how we perceive our world, but also the moves we end up making in it.
难词in light of sth 鉴于某事,考虑到某事 end up doing sth 最后做了什么事chess masters 国际象棋大师 chicken sexers 鉴别鸡性别的人interpret v. 解释,诠释
分析:首先,将长难句分解为四个部分 Whether we realize it or not
由 Whether 引导的让步状语从句
we are all like those chess masters and chicken sexers. 这是我们的主句
interpreting the present in light of what we've learned in the past,由 doing 短句用于解释说明主句
and letting our previous experiences shape not only how we perceive our world, but also the moves we end up making in it.
为 interpreting 短句的并列句
英文长难句
1. 【Whether we realize it or not】, we are all like those chess masters and chicken sexers, 【interpreting the present in light of what we've learned in the past】, and 【letting our previous experiences shape not only how we perceive our world, but also the moves we end up making in it】.
参考翻译:
无论我们是否意识到,我们都像那些国际象棋大师和鉴别鸡性别的人那样,根据我们过去学到的东西来解释现在,我们以前的经历不仅塑造了我们的世界观,还影响了我们最终的行为。
---- It's… that… 强调句
长难句原文 Sometimes it’s the act of talking about other people’s problems that activates a light bulb inside of us, igniting a thought or urge to change that we didn’t have when the discussion was focused on us directly.
2. 英文长难句
--- It's… that… 强调句
长难句原文 Sometimes it’s the act of talking about other people’s problems that activates a light bulb inside of us, igniting a thought or urge to change that we didn’t have when the discussion was focused on us directly.
这句长难句的核心是it's…that…的强调句,强调句的目的在于强调句子的某一部分通常是主语或者宾语。
2. 英文长难句
第一步:拆分 Sometimes it’s the act of talking about other people’s problems(强调部分)
that+其他内容:that activates a light bulb inside of us,
现在分词做状语体现隐含的结果:
igniting a thought or urge to change
定语从句修饰
a thought:that we didn’t have
时间状语从句:
when the discussion was focused on us directly.
---- It's… that… 强调句
长难句原文 Sometimes it’s the act of talking about other people’s problems that activates a light bulb inside of us, igniting a thought or urge to change that we didn’t have when the discussion was focused on us directly.
2. 英文长难句
第二步:生词词组 1. activate v. 激活;启动
例句:His lofty spirit has greatly attracted and
activated others.
他的崇高精神大大地吸引并且激励了别人。 2. ignite v. 点燃;激起
例句:The rock and roll ignites the excitement
of the audience.
摇滚乐激起了观众的热情。
参考译文:
有时候,谈论别人的问题的行为会在我们内部激活一个启示,点燃了一个我们在讨论直接关注于我们自己时没有的思考或改变的冲动。
这句话揭示了人类心理的一种有趣现象:有时通过间接的方式探索和讨论问题,可以激发我们对自身或行为的深刻反思和改变的愿望。
第三步:整合翻译
导读:
依恋是指婴儿同抚养者形成的特殊情感连接,分为安全型、回避型和反抗型。不同的类型对未来的人际关系有深远影响。
依恋类型对未来人际关系的影响
3. 英文长难句
原文:The type of attachment that is formed impacts that child’s internal working model-----the thoughts, memories, beliefs, expectations, emotions, and behaviors that influence how they interact with themselves and others, and what types of relationships they seek out in later years.
第一步:拆分
The type of attachment(主语) that is formed impacts(谓语) that child’s internal working model(定语从句)------ the thoughts, memories, beliefs, expectations, emotions, and behaviors(破折号补充说明model) that influence(定语从句修饰model) ① how they interact with themselves and others, and ② what types of relationships they seek out in later years.两个并列的宾语从句
第二步:生词词组 1. attachment n. 附着,附属;连接;
安装;依恋
2. expectations n. 预料; 期望,有信心的指望 3. influence n. 影响;感化力,权势
4. interact with 与...相互作用 5. seek out 寻找,找出;搜出;想获得
第三步:整合翻译
抓住主干:the attachment impacts the model that influence……
依恋影响着模式,模式又影响…
参考译文:形成的依恋类型影响着孩子的内在工作模型——思想、记忆、信念、期望、情感和行为,这些都影响他们如何与自己和他人相互影响,以及他们在以后的年岁里会寻求什么样的关系。
导读:气候变化问题已经越来越多受到全世界的关注,全球变暖不仅影响怎么人类的生活,而且导致了许多生态系统和物种的分布和数量发生了改变。
气候变化的影响已经开始显现
4. 英文长难句
原文:
Scientists have discovered a new species of sea slug in British waters where researchers believe the creatures may be spreading because of climate change. The new thumb-sized creature was caught off south west England from a research ship carrying out routine monitoring of fish stocks. DNA tests confirm it is previously unknown.
第一步:拆分
Scientists(主语) have discovered(谓语)a new species of sea slug(定语) in British waters(地点状语) where researchers believe(状语从句) the creatures may be spreading because of climate change(省略that的定语从句). The new thumb-sized creature(主语) was caught(谓语表被动) off south west England from a research ship(地点状语) carrying out routine monitoring of fish stocks(分词短语作后置定语). DNA tests confirm it is previously unknown.
第二步:生词词组
1. slug n. 鼻涕虫;动作缓慢的人;金属小块2. waters n. 海域;江水,河水, 湖水3. thumb-sized 拇指大小4. carry out 执行; 贯彻;进行;完成, 实现5. monitor n. 监视器,监控器,班长 vt. 监控
第三步:整合翻译
抓住句子主干简化后 scientists discover a new species,the creature was caught by a ship.
科学家发现了一个新物种,由一艘船捕获。
参考译文:
科学家们在英国水域发现了一种新的海蛞蝓,研究人员认为,这种生物可能是由于气候变化而传播的。
一艘正在进行鱼类资源常规监测的科考船在英格兰西南部附近捕获了这种拇指大小的新生物。 DNA测试证实这是以前未知的物种。
今天我们要学习的是分词作伴随状语,它的特点是它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,并且它修饰的一般是句子的主语部分。
霉霉四封格莱美年度专辑
5. 英文长难句
原文:
Taylor Swift has made history at the Grammy Music Awards becoming the first artist to win the Best Album Award for the 4th time. The prize was presented by Celine Dion who made her first appearance in years following her diagnosis of stiff person syndrome.
第一步:拆分 Taylor Swift(主语) has made(谓语) history (宾语) at the Grammy Music Awards(地点状语) becoming(现在分词作伴随状语指状语的动作伴随主句发生) the first artist to win the Best Album Award for the 4th time. The prize was presented by(被动)Celine Dion who(定语从句代指席琳迪翁) made her first appearance in years(时间状语) following(现在分词作伴随状语指状语的动作伴随主句发生 her diagnosis of stiff person syndrome.
第二步:生词词组1. make history 创造历史2. the Best Album Award 最佳专辑奖3. appearance n. 出现, 显露, 露面4. diagnosis n. 诊断;,诊断结论5. syndrome n. 综合征;征群;综合症状
第三步:整合翻译
抓住句子的主干: Taylor Swift has made history,The prize was presented by Celine Dion
霉霉创造了历史,并由席琳迪翁颁奖
参考译文:
泰勒 · 斯威夫特在格莱美音乐大奖上创造了历史, 成为首位第四次获得最佳专辑奖的艺人。
该奖项由席琳 · 迪翁颁发,她在被诊断出僵人综合症后,多年来首次亮相。
原文:Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.
科技进步反而延长了工作时间
6. 英文长难句
第一步:拆分 1. 主句:Our study(主语) will use(谓语) a large corporate dataset from a major medical company(宾语) 2. 目的状语:to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery 3. 结果状语:resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.
第二步:生词词组 1. corporate adj. 公司的;法人的 2. dataset n. 数据集 3. thus adv. 以此方式, 如此, 这样 4. interfere with 干涉 5. cognitive recovery 认知恢复 6. result in 导致,结果是 7. turnover cost 周转成本
第三步:整合翻译
参考译文:我们的研究将使用来自一个大医疗公司的大型企业数据集用于检验科技是如何延长我们的工作时间和如何干扰我们必要的认知恢复,延长工作时间和干扰认知恢复导致巨额的医疗费用和企业营业成本。
最后补充一下:英文中“公司”的词义辨析
company: 多指生产或销售产品的公司、商号,也可指经办服务性项目的公司。
corporation: 多指一个人拥有或多人联办的大公司,也指在其它地区或国家拥有分公司的公司。
firm: 含义广泛,可指公司、商行或商号。规模可大可小,经营、管理的人员可多可少。
分析背景和事实之间暗含的因果关系
7. 英文长难句
原文:Once upon a time, memory was at the root of all culture, but over the last thirty millennia since humans began painting their memories on cave walls, we've gradually supplanted our own natural memory with a
vast superstructure of external memory
aids---a process that has sped up exponentially in recent years.
第一步:拆分
背景:Once upon a time(时间介短), memory was at the root of all culture, but over the last thirty millennia(时间介短) since humans began painting their memories on cave walls
英文中经常将过去的时间和现在的时间进行对比,表转折。
事实:we've gradually supplanted our own natural memory with a vast superstructure of external memory aids(主句)---a process that has sped up exponentially in recent years(插入语)
句子由背景和事实构成,之间的暗含着因果关系,既在这样的背景下,我们逐渐…
第二步:生词词组 1. millennia n.千年 2. supplant sth with sth
用某物取代某物 3. speed up 加速 4. exponentially adv. 成倍地,指数式地
第三步:整合翻译
曾几何时,记忆是所有文化的根源,但自从人类开始在洞壁上记录他们的记忆超过三万年后,人类逐渐用大量的外部记忆辅助工具取代了我们自己的原始记忆——这一过程近年来呈指数级增长。
原文:“What we have been doing over the last century is defining memory incorrectly, understanding it incompletely, applying it inappropriately, and condemning it because it doesn't work and isn't enjoyable,” Buzan argues.
长难句中的排比是怎么使用的
8. 英文长难句
第一步:拆分 “ What we have been doing over the last century(主语从句)is(系动词) defining memory incorrectly, understanding it incompletely, applying it inappropriately, and condemning it because it doesn't work and isn't enjoyable,(四个并列结构doing+n+adv)” Buzan argues.
记忆成分相对简单,但是表语是四个非常有节奏感和对账的排比,值得大家学习用于增强句子语气!
第二步:生词词组
inappropriately adv. 不恰当地condemn v. 谴责,定罪
第三步:整合翻译
布赞认为:在过去的一个世纪里,我们对记忆,不正确地定义,不完全地理解,不恰当地应用,并谴责记忆,因为它不起作用且不令人愉快。
第三步:整合翻译
大意是虽然科技和研究让我们越来越了解大脑,但是我们对大脑皮层电路如何工作了解还是很少,大脑皮层就是大脑外层皱纹区负责执行计划、思考、写作、记忆。
整合:尽管成像技术的进步使神经科学家能够掌握更多大脑的神经回路的图像数据,和对神经元的研究使我们清楚地了解单个脑细胞内部和之间发生的事情,但人们依然对大脑皮层回路中发生的事情相知甚少,大脑皮层是脑的最外层伴随着许多褶皱,使我们能够计划, 计算,写作,记忆。
原文:Indeed, I learned that until fairly recently, most psychologists suspected that our brains really do function as perfect recorders—that a lifetime of memories are stocked away somewhere
in the cerebral attic, and if they can't be found, it isn't because they've vanished, but only because we've misplaced them.
嵌套结构宾语从句的宾语从句
9. 英文长难句
第一步:拆分 Indeed, I learned(第一部分的主句) that until fairly recently, most psychologists suspected (主句的宾语从句)that our brains really do function as perfect recorders—that a lifetime of memories are stocked away somewhere in the cerebral attic,(主句宾语从句的两个that引导的宾语从句)and if they can't be found,(if引导的让步状语从句) it isn't (第二部分的主句)because they've vanished, but only because we've misplaced them.(两个because引导的原因状语从句)
第二步:生词和词组 1. stock away 储存,储备 2. suspect v. 怀疑,猜测 3. cerebral adj. 大脑的,理智的,智力的 4. attic n. 阁楼
第三步:整合翻译
事实上,我发现到直到最近,大多数心理学家都怀疑我们的大脑真的像完美的计算机那样工作吗——所有的记忆都被储存在大脑的文件夹里,如果记忆无法提取,并不是因为记忆消逝了,而是因为我们把记忆放错了地方。
补充知识点:英语中表强调的两种方法
强调句 it is + 强调内容+ that 其他内容谓语前加助动词do,想本次长难句中的our brains really do function as perfect recorders
Hope to be beneficial to you!
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