Unit 3 The world of science Developing ideas 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

该高中英语课件围绕富兰克林风筝实验文本，通过Pre-reading人物身份提问导入，While-reading标题功能分析、段落大意匹配、实验报告填写等学习支架，衔接背景认知、细节分析到批判性思考，帮助学生构建文本理解脉络。 其亮点在于聚焦思维品质培养，通过事实与虚构区分（如实验中“接触钥匙”的逻辑推理）和批判性问题链，提升分析推断能力。语言能力方面结合词汇拓展（如conduct多义）和语法讲解（虚拟条件句），学习活动（如小组讨论“眼见为实”）促进主动探究，教师可借结构化资料提升效率，学生在文本分析中发展综合素养。

Unit 3 The world of science Developing ideas Learning objectives 1. To summarize the genre and the structure of the text. 2. To analyse the passage and find detailed information. 3. To distinguish a fiction from a fact and nurture the spirit of critical thinking. Pre-reading What do you know about him? Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence. Apart from being a successful statesman, he was also well known as a leading American author, printer and publisher, successful diplomat, creative scientist and inventor. 美国的开国元勋之一 政治家 作家 印刷商 出版商 发明家 外交官 科学家 起草《独立宣言》 While-reading To ask a question. To arouse readers’ curiosity. What are the functions of the question mark? What might be the genre of the passage? A. Argumentation. B. Narration. C. Diary. D. Exposition Read through Learning to Learn and decide what the essay focuses on. /ɪk'splɪsɪt/ /ɪm'plɪsɪt/ Read and match the main ideas. Paragraph 1　 A. Questioning accepted ideas. Paragraph 2 B. Benefits of the stories about exploring science. Paragraph 3 C. Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment. Paragraph 4 D. Summing up the theme of the text. Paragraph 5 E. Introduction of the theme of the text. Paragraph 6 F. Not everything about the experiment is true. Read and match the main ideas. Paragraph 1 E. Introduction of the theme of the text. Paragraph 2 C. Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment. Paragraph 3 B. Benefits of the stories about exploring science. Paragraph 4 F. Not everything about the experiment is true. Paragraph 5 A. Questioning accepted ideas. Paragraph 6 D. Summing up the theme of the text. Read for details: Para.1-2 Experiment Franklin’s kite experiment Aim To know if_____________. Materials A ____, a piece of ______, and a _____. Procedure 1._____ a piece of string to the _____. 2._____ a metal key key to the _____. 3._____ the kite during a storm. 4._____ the key with the finger after a flash of lightning ____ the kite Result Conclusion Fill in the experiment report Experiment Franklin’s kite experiment Aim To know if _________________________________________________________ ___________________. Materials A _____ , a piece of ________ , and a ____________ . Procedure 1._____ a piece of string to the _____. 2._________ a metal key to the _________. 3.___________ the kite during a storm. 4._______ the key with the finger after a flash of lightning ____ the kite Result Conclusion Lightning was a form of electricity. lightning was really produced by electricity or kite string metal key something else He got an electric shock. Attach Raise Touch Tie hit kite string A flash of lightning hit the kite. Electricity was conducted to the key. Franklin got an electric shock. Franklin touched the key. Franklin raised the kite. 1 2 3 4 1 Read and retell the experiment. 2 3 4 He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it.  A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. 本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童迈入科学世界。然而，新的研究表明，这个故事可能是虚构的，而并非事实。 introduce sth to sb 让某人接触某事 The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity. 这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。当时，不少人对电感兴趣。人们想知道闪电是否真的由电产生，还是另有源头。富兰克林就是其中之一。他在风筝上系了一根细绳，细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。闪电击中了风筝，电流通过绳子传到了钥匙上。接着富兰克林用手指触碰钥匙，感受到了电击。他说，这一实验证明了闪电是电的一种形式。 What inspiration can we get from Franklin’s experiment? We are amazed by his _____________ and his _________________________________________________. He also taught us _________________________________________________. bravery scientific approach to looking for the truth the importance of scientific experiments Influence: Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration amazed and inspired generations of schoolchildren. People’s attitude towards the experiment amazed For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin’s lightning experiment. More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. 多年来，学校一直在讲授富兰克林闪电实验的故事。数代学生都叹服于富兰克林的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学手段。富兰克林与许多其他科学家激励并教导我们，科学实验对于推定真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。 Para. 4 From this paragraph, we know that _________. A. neither the story nor the details are true. B. Franklin's experiment is not true. C. the string and the key is not true. D. Franklin had actually touched the key is not true. D Argument: Preliminary judgment, true or false. 真真假假假亦真 People’s attitude towards the experiment questioned What makes this experiment not scientific? Humans can’t withstand lightning. Franklin touched the key. Franklin couldn’t have touched the key. ＋ = What the text says What we know An inference ? Reading Tip: Make an inference to discover untold information. lightning flash: 1 million-100million Volts household: 220 Volts touched the key got an electric shock was conducted through the string raised the kite hit the kite How much is true? touched the key Not 100% true ? However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock. 然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，但不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。使用细绳和钥匙这一细节是真实的，但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会被电死。 Why is questioning so important to scientists? Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity. In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit them on the head. accepted ideas question facts Scientists question accepted ideas to ________________________________. establish facts. Why was Newton's story been mentioned? He gives another example to demonstrate the argument of the passage that the stories behind inventions may not be true. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity. In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 科学家们常常对已被人们接受的观点提出质疑，以求证事实。一些科学家甚至质疑关于苹果砸中了牛顿的脑袋促使他提出了万有引力定律的故事。事实上，多处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。 Number the statements to show how people's attitudes towards Franklin's experiment have changed. Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration is still considered an inspiration. People are amazed at and inspired by Franklin's experiment. Scientists question what really happened in Franklin's experiment. 2 1 3 Para. 6 Conclusion: Respect the scientific facts. 1. Which one is more interesting in the eyes of children? A. Interesting stories of scientists. B. Facts backed by rigorous science. C. A scientist who loves research. D. Brave scientists. 2. What do scientists think is more important by comparison? A. Inspirational stories. B. Children's curiosity. C. Scientific and realistic spirit. D. Satisfy popular beliefs. How do you understand the last sentence? A C Seeing is believing.（眼见为实） Read for details. What does the writer want to tell us in this paragraph? We should not blindly(盲目的) believe in interesting stories. Instead, we should think critically(批判性思考) about what we’ve read and heard. People’s attitude towards the experiment inspired Admittedly, fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story. 诚然，虚构往往比真相更有趣。富兰克林科学探索精神比事实本身更能激励人们。但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。 Post-reading Think & Share 1. What is your opinion about the statement “...We should not always believe everything we read or hear- even if it is a good story? I think the statement is right. From a scientific viewpoint, people should stick to the facts and the facts should be proved by experiments and researches. A great story is a fiction which is often more interesting than the truth. 2. What qualities do you think a great scientist should have? A great scientist should have more than one good quality, such as intelligence, honesty, objectivity, persistence, bravery, creativity, and imagination... 3. In what ways do scientists contribute to society? Firstly, scientific discoveries promote the development of our society. Secondly, the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our life span. Thirdly, scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards. Work in groups. Explain your understanding of the saying “Seeing is believing”, and then give a talk about it. You may use information in the passage as examples. Make notes about your understanding of the saying and list supporting details. Organise your talk following the steps below.  Start your talk by explaining how you understand this saying.  Explain why you think this way. Use the notes you have made to support your ideas.  End your talk by summarising your points. Give your talk to the class. Language points Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution. ◆ declaration n.声明,宣告;申报; 【词汇拓展】 declare vt.　宣布;声明;表明;宣称 declare war (on/against) (向……)宣战 Apart from being a successful statesman, he was also well known as a leading American author… apart from: 除……以外 eg We didn't see anyone all day, apart from a couple of kids on the beach. Apart from his earnings as a football coach, he also owns and runs a chain of sports shops. Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. 　 【词汇拓展】 conduct/do/perform/carry out an experiment 　做实验 an experiment with/on 关于……的实验 Don’t do an experiment with such dangerous drugs. 不要做有关这种危险药物的实验。 introduce sb to sth 让某人接触某事 n.\v.实验 However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. instead of: 而不是，代替; 后接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。 eg Can we recycle the paper instead of dumping it? Let's play cards instead of watching television. A metal key was attached to the string.一把金属钥匙被绑在了绳子上。 ◆ attach v.系上;(使)与……有联系;认为……重要;把……附在……上 【词汇拓展】 attach...to...= be attached to　将……附在…… attachment 附属物、附件、爱慕、依恋 attach importance/significance/value to..认为……有重要性/意义/价值(to为介词) Society,schools and families should attach great importance to hardship education for all students. 社会、学校和家庭都应该重视对全体学生的艰苦教育。 A flash of lightning hit the kite,and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. ◆ conduct v.传导(热、电);实施;进行;指挥;引导　n.行为;举止;管理 【词汇拓展】 conductor n.　　(乐队等)指挥;列车长;售票员；导体 conduction n. 传导 bad/good conduct 恶劣的行为/良好的行为 under the conduct of 在……指导/管理下 conduct oneself well\ badly 表现良好\糟糕 The core of education is to solve the problem of how to conduct oneself. Under the conduct of our English teacher,our English scores have been improved rapidly. 【迁移应用】 翻译句子 (1)教育的核心是解决如何做人的问题。 (2)在英语老师的指导下,我们的英语成绩迅速提高。 More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. approach n. 方法, 途径 v.靠近; 接近 an approach to (doing) sth ……的方法；通往……的道路 at the approach of… 在接近……的时候 the approach of… ……的来临 Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. that 引导的宾语从句，作taught的直接宾语。 in order to establish the truth和to contribute towards …是and连接的两个并列目的状语。 和；也；遵循就远原则 as well as, together with, besides, except Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place. More than one scientist has questioned what really happened. take place: (根据计划或安排)发生;不及物动词词组，不能用于被动语态 eg When does your wedding take place? The massive strike took place in 1923. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key,he would certainly have died from the electric shock. 但是科学家们都认为如果富兰克林真接触了钥匙,他肯定早就死于电击了。 ◆ die from 死于 die from 由外部原因造成的死亡(衰弱、负伤) die of 用于死因存在于人身体之内(疾病、饥饿、悲伤) 【词汇拓展】 die away (尤指声音、光、风)逐渐消失,停止;自行消失 die out 灭绝,消失 from　 of　 away　 out 【迁移应用】 用适当的介/副词填空 (1)Many villagers die every year 　　　　　snake bites.  (2)The animals died 　　　　　starvation in the snow.  (3)The sound of the car died 　　　　　in the distance.  (4)Many old customs are dying 　　　　　.  But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key,he would certainly have died from the electric shock. If I ______ you, I would study harder for the college entrance exam. A. am  B. were  C. was  D. be If they ______ earlier than expected, they would have caught the last bus. A. left  B. had left  C. leave  D. were leaving If there ______ (be) no electronic devices in the future, how ______ we ____________ (communicate) with each other? If we __________ (book) the hotel room two weeks ago, we wouldn’t be staying in such a cheap inn now. were would communicate had booked Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity. 有些人甚至质疑那个苹果的故事,故事中,苹果砸中了牛顿的头,从而促使他提出了他的重力理论。 ◆ come up with 提出 【词汇拓展】 come up　　 走近;上来;发芽;发生;被提出 come about 发生 come across 穿过(路、桥);(偶然)遇见;发现 come out 出来;(书等)出版 when it comes to... 当谈到…… “动词+up with”型的其他短语 put up with 容忍 catch up with=keep up with 赶上 end up with 以……结束 make up with 与……和好 with　 across　 up 【迁移应用】 用适当的介/副词填空 (1)No one has come up 　　　　　a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.  (2)When walking down the street,I came 　　　　　David who I hadn’t seen for years.  (3)As soon as the project came 　　　　　at the meeting,it attracted many people’s attention.  In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. account n. a written or spoken description that says what happens in an event or process 叙述，描写 an arrangement in which a bank keeps your money safe 账户 引导宾语从句 引导让步状语从句 引导同位语从句 【词汇拓展】 accountant n. 会计;会计师 keep an account of 记录 on account of 因为,由于 take account of sth / take sth into account 考虑 on no account 绝不 account for 说明/解释……的原因; (数量、比例上)占 accounts for On no account can take account of 【迁移应用】 完成句子 (1)缺钱是她辍学的原因。 Lack of money　　　　　　　her discontinuing her studies.  (2)你绝不能向任何人提我的名字。 　　　　　　　　　　you mention my name to anyone.  (3)在设计时,我们必须考虑到许多因素。 In developing a design,we must　　　　　　　　　　　　　many factors.  【句式拓展】 while作连词的用法: (1)while意为“而,然而”,作并列连词用,表示前后两者的对比。 (2)while意为“只要”,表示条件。 (3)while引导时间状语从句,从句中的动作或状态一般是持续性的。 (4)while从句中的省略。当while从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,且含有be动词的某种形式时,从句中的主语连同be动词可同时省略。 【迁移应用】 翻译句子 (1)I’d like to study law at university while my cousin prefers geography. (2)While I really don’t like art,I find his work impressive. (3)Please don’t talk so loud while others are working. (4)While in Spain,I experienced a lot of strange customs. 我想在大学学法律,而我的表哥喜欢地理。 尽管我的确不喜欢艺术,但我觉得他的作品让人印象深刻。 别人在工作时,请不要高声谈话。 在西班牙的时候,我体验过很多奇怪的习俗。 famous proverbs A man can do no more than he can. 凡事都应量力而为。 Books and friends should be few but good. 读书如交友，应求少而精。 A man can not spin and reel at the same time. 一心不能二用。 Thanks x264 0.128.2216+688+32 a17ff54 tMod [8-bit@4:2:0 X86] $