Unit 1 People of Achievment 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 以“杰出人物”为主题，融合外刊阅读、词汇长难句解析与多题型训练，构建“主题导入-语言积累-能力应用”逻辑体系，提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |外刊拓展阅读|1篇（4历史人物）|人物传记类阅读|通过孔子等人物事迹构建主题认知，奠定文化意识基础| |核心词汇与长难句|20词+2句|词汇分类与句式分析|提炼主题相关词汇，解析复杂句式，强化语言能力| |能力培优拔高|8篇（阅读/语法填空）|高考真题与模拟题|从人物故事阅读到语法应用，训练思维品质与解题能力| |迁移应用|1组句子+1写作|句型应用与主题写作|从语言要素到综合输出，实现知识迁移与学习能力提升|

Unit 1 People of Achievement 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 参考答案 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 1．A　2．C　3．D　4．A Passage 2 1．C　2．D　3．D Passage 3 1.C　2.A　3.B　4.C Passage 4 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C Passage 5 1. went 2. marking 3. and 4. beneficial 5. which 6. for 7. to promote 8. that 9. was devoted 10. inspiration Passage 6 1. named 2. actively 3. which 4. of 5. determination 6. to support 7. traveled/travelled 8. and 9. programs 10. inspiring Passage 7 1. as 2. were invented 3. significantly 4. standards 5. which 6. spatial 7. flying 8. and 9. emphasis 10. to pursue Passage 8 1. that 2. a 3. Exposed 4. Extraordinary 5. when 6. lifting 7. on 8. tirelessly 9. himself 10. have been pouring 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1.As a consequence of having graduated from a key university 2.it is vital that 3.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize 4.Regular daily exercise 5.Under no circumstances should we 6.Upon hearing the news that Mo Yan had won the Nobel Prize in Literature 二、应用文写作 【参考范文】 The Historical Figure in China Qu Yuan was born in around 340 BC and became an official of the state of Chu in his twenties. He was not only a famous patriotic poet in Chinese history, but also a pioneer of romanticism in Chinese classical literature. Although Qu Yuan was a person who devoted his energies to the development of Chu, he could not get support from everyone". He recorded his own experiences and expressed his concern about the state of Chu in several long poems, such as Li Sao( The Lament) Nowadays,Chinese people still commemorate Qu Yuan every year during the Dragon Boat Festival. His patriotism, loyalty, and dedication to his country and people are qualities that we should all strive to emulate. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 People of Achievement 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：https://www.chinawhisper.com）有改编 Top 4 Most Famous Chinese in History China is a civilization that dates back thousands of years and is at present one of the emerging superpowers of the world. In the long history many prominent Chinese have made major contributions to China. Here are the 4 most famous Chinese people in history. 1. Confucius 孔子 Confucius or Kongzi (551 – 479 B.C) is China’s most famous teacher, philosopher, and political theorist, whose ideas later became the official imperial philosophy of China, and was extremely influential during the Han, Tang and Song dynasties.  2. Emperor Qin Shi Huang 秦始皇 Emperor Qin Shi Huang (259– 210 B.C) was the First Emperor of a unified China, who ruled from 246 B.C. to 210 B.C. He established the first centralized, unified, multi-ethnic feudal state in Chinese history. 3.  Genghis Khan 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan (1162–1227), born in Mongolia, was the founder and Great Khan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which was the largest empire in the world before the British Empire and lasted well after his own death. 4. Mencius 孟子 Mencius (372 – 289 B.C) was a Chinese philosopher who is the most famous Confucian after Confucius himself. He is best known for the view that “human nature is good.” 【全文翻译】 历史上最具盛名的四位中国人 华夏文明绵延数千年，如今也是全球极具影响力的新兴大国。在漫漫历史长河中，无数杰出中华儿女为国家作出了卓越贡献。以下是史上知名度最高的四位华夏名人。 1. 孔子 孔子（公元前 551 年 — 公元前 479 年），是中国最负盛名的教育家、思想家与政治理论家。他创立的儒家学说后来成为古代中国官方正统思想，在汉、唐、宋三朝影响极为深远。 2. 秦始皇 秦始皇（公元前 259 年 — 公元前 210 年），是完成华夏大一统的首位帝王，执政时间为公元前 246 年至公元前 210 年。他缔造了中国历史上第一个中央集权、统一的多民族封建国家。 3. 成吉思汗 成吉思汗（1162—1227），生于蒙古草原，是大蒙古国的开创者与大汗。蒙古帝国是大英帝国出现之前人类疆域最辽阔的帝国，其影响力在他逝世后依旧延续许久。 4. 孟子 孟子（公元前 372 年 — 公元前 289 年），中国著名思想家，是继孔子之后最重要的儒家代表人物。他最广为人知的观点是 “性善论”。 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.civilization n. 文明 11.date back to 追溯到 2.prominent adj. 杰出的，著名的 3.philosopher n. 哲学家 4.theorist n. 理论家 5.imperial adj. 帝国的，皇室的 6.unified adj. 统一的 7.centralized adj. 中央集权的 8.multi-ethnic adj. 多民族的 9.feudal adj. 封建的 10.empire n. 帝国 12.at present 目前，如今 13.make contributions to 为…… 作贡献 14.rule v. 统治 15.the First Emperor 始皇帝 16.founder n. 建立者，创始人 17.emerging superpowers 新兴超级大国 18.thousands of years 数千年 19.extremely influential 极具影响力 20.B.C = Before Christ 公元前 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【长难句分析】 1.China is a civilization that dates back thousands of years and is at present one of the emerging superpowers of the world. 句意：中国是一个拥有数千年悠久历史的文明古国，如今也是世界新兴大国之一。 分析：本句主干为 China is a civilization；that 引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词 civilization，从句内部由 and 连接两套并列谓语 dates back thousands of years 与 is at present one of the emerging superpowers of the world。 2.Confucius or Kongzi (551 – 479 B.C) is China’s most famous teacher, philosopher, and political theorist, whose ideas later became the official imperial philosophy of China, and was extremely influential during the Han, Tang and Song dynasties. 句意：孔子（公元前 551— 公元前 479 年）是中国最著名的教育家、思想家和政治理论家，他的学说后来成为中国古代官方正统思想，在汉、唐、宋三朝影响极为深远。 分析：本句主干为 Confucius is China’s most famous teacher, philosopher, and political theorist；whose 引导非限制性定语从句修饰 Confucius，从句中 and 连接两套并列主谓结构，共同描述 his ideas 的两大影响。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1(全国新课标Ⅰ2024·B) “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh.He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine． Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian.He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried muscle⁃relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So,after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets． Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment． Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,”he says. “I will do anything to help an animal.That’s my job.” 1.What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A.He’s odd． B.He’s strict． C.He’s brave． D.He’s rude． 2.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A.He was trained in it at university． B.He was inspired by another veterinarian． C.He benefited from it as a patient． D.He wanted to save money for pet owners． 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment． B.The complexity of veterinarians’ work． C.Examples of rare animal diseases． D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine． 4.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A.To prove Farber’s point． B.To emphasize its importance． C.To praise veterinarians． D.To advocate animal protection． Passage 2(2021浙江卷 阅读D) Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career ( 职 业 ) in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed. But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years into his career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired. Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life. 1.Why did Nielsen want to be an actor? A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money. C. He wanted to be like his uncle. D. He felt he was good at acting. 2.What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career? A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges. C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor. 3.What does Nielsen’s career story tell us? A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest. C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way. Passage 3(2020山东卷 阅读B) Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful. 1.What did Jennifer do after high school? A. She helped her dad with his work. B. She ran the family farm on her own. C. She supported herself through college. D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 2.Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield? A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses. C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there. 3.What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A. Her health. B. Her time with family. C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion. 4.What can we learn from Jenifer's story? A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers. C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success. Passage 4(江西上饶市2025-2026学年高二上学期2月期末英语试题) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At 32, Duan Yanyan could have had a stable career in Beijing. ____1____, he chose to work in Laoting county, Hebei, a place full of saline-alkali (盐碱) land. With a background in hardware development, he said, “Office work felt ____2____ from real farming. Being in the field helps me use machines, find problems, and fix them ____3____.” In 2023, Duan ____4____ Laoting Agricultural Group as a hardware engineer. He led a team to develop automated systems for the farm. They ____5____ 1,500 mu of low-yield land into rich fields. The rice yield went up to 700 kg per unit. How did they do it? Using ____6____ like IoT, automated machines, and data apps. “Farmers can ____7____ soil moisture on their phones and control water with smart valves (阀门),” Duan explained. This not only cuts fertilizer waste but also ____8____ harvests. Unmanned equipment has also made labor costs ____9____. The team also tried “green innovation”: raising crabs and crayfish in paddy fields. Flushing water often reduces soil salinity, and this ____10____ both rice and seafood. Working with research institutes, they test new ____11____. “Farmers used to ____12____ unfamiliar seeds,” Duan said. “But showing them yield data after each harvest helps them ____13____ us.” Today, the team uses AI to make planting models ____14____. “We want smart farming to be easy for everyone to ____15____,” Duan said. “Our tech can help Chinese agriculture grow and more farmers live better lives.” Through hard work, Duan shows that technology can turn poor land into rich farms — a lesson beyond any textbook. 1. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Otherwise 2. A. similar B. connected C. free D. disconnected 3. A. suddenly B. directly C. carefully D. usually 4. A. joined B. left C. started D. visited 5. A. transformed B. divided C. destroyed D. covered 6. A. skills B. rules C. methods D. technologies 7. A. change B. monitor C. increase D. reduce 8. A. checks B. records C. improves D. measures 9. A. drop B. rise C. stop D. stay 10. A. harms B. tests C. needs D. helps 11. A. tools B. seeds C. machines D. apps 12. A. believe B. accept C. doubt D. grow 13. A. witness B. trust C. teach D. follow 14. A. better B. bigger C. cheaper D. faster 15. A. assess B. share C. use D. develop Passage 5(安徽六安市2025-2026学年高二年级上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Yang Chen-Ning was born in Hefei, Anhui Province in 1922. He spent his teenage years in Tsinghua Garden. Later, he ____1____ (go) to the United States for further study. In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics, ____2____ (mark) a significant milestone in his academic career. Together with Tsung-Dao Lee, Yang proposed the theory of parity non-conservation, ____3____ they jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. He also put forward the “Yang-Mills theory” with Robert Mills and discovered the “Yang-Baxter equation”. These contributions are ____4____ (benefit) to modern physics, laying a solid foundation for its development. In 1971, Yang made his first visit to the People’s Republic of China, ____5____ sparked a wave of visits by overseas Chinese scholars. He provided suggestions ____6____ China’s scientific and educational development, sponsored Chinese scholars to study further in the US, and made great efforts ____7____ (promote) the development of Chinese universities. It was in his later years ____8____ Yang returned to Tsinghua University to teach. He ____9____ (devote) to promoting scientific research and talent cultivation. On October 18, 2025, he passed away in Beijing at the age of 103, leaving behind a remarkable legacy in the field of physics and Chinese education. His life story is an ____10____ (inspire) to young scientists around the world. Passage 6(四川省泸州市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末统一考试英语试题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have been passionate about public welfare since childhood, but I never imagined that a Chinese figure ____1____ (name) Lei Feng would become an essential part of my life. In 2018, I came to China to study at Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics (JUFE) and ____2____ (active) participated in the university’s public welfare activities. During these events, local people called me “Yang Lei Feng”, ____3____ I later learned means “foreign Lei Feng”. Growing up in Bangladesh, I was aware ____4____ the challenges facing my country — poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare were stark (严峻的) realities that I witnessed firsthand. These experiences fired my ____5____ (determine) up to contribute to positive change. Inspired by Lei Feng’s spirit, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021 — Lei Feng Day. Our mission is ____6____ (support) children with special needs, assist the elderly, promote environmental awareness and foster cross-cultural understanding. Wanting to know more about this young man, I ____7____ (travel) in 2023 to Liaoning province, the birthplace of Lei Feng’s spirit. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall. The exhibits — his photographs, personal belongings, ____8____ diary entries — offered a glimpse into his commitment. Lei Feng may have lived only 22 years, but his spirit continues to shine brightly, illuminating the path for those who come after him. Through ____9____ (program) like the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association and Lei Feng International Volunteer Team, we make sure his legacy lives on, ____10____ (inspire) people across the globe to be the change they wish to see. Passage 7(辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2024-2025学年高二下期末英语) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lu Ban (507-440 BCE), a legendary figure from China's Spring and Autumn Period, is known ____1____ the “father of carpentry” and a pioneer of engineering. His innovations and craftsmanship left a lasting impact on Chinese culture and technology. According to historical records, numerous tools and devices ____2____ (invent) by Lu Ban. His most famous creations include the saw, the cloud ladder (a siege weapon) and the wooden bird (an early glider prototype). These inventions not only ____3____ (significant) improved efficiency but also showcased his creative thinking. For example, the saw's design emerged from observing nature. Lu Ban's legacy extends beyond tools. He established ____4____ (standard) for woodworking and architecture, many of ____5____ are still referenced today. His name is a synonym (代名词) for skill and precision, and “Lu Ban Lock” is a puzzle toy that challenges ____6____ (space) thinking. Stories about him often combine history and myth, such as tales of his wooden bird ____7____ (fly) for days. Even in modern times, Lu Ban's name represents superb skills ____8____ boundless creativity. His ____9____ (emphasize) on practicality, problem-solving and respect for craftsmanship inspires engineers and artisans worldwide _____10_____ (pursue) excellence. For high school students, his story highlights the timeless value of observation innovation and perseverance in shaping progress. Passage 8(湖北十堰市第一中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试高二英语) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese sports community is immersed in grief following the passing of Go master Nie Weiping, legendary figure whose lifelong dedication profoundly shaped the game’s development in China and beyond. It is with deep grief ____1____ we announce the passing of Nie Weiping, which has saddened the Chinese Go community as ____2____ huge loss for the game, according to a notice released by Nie’s family. ____3____ (expose) to Go at a young age, he quickly demonstrated his ____4____ (ordinary) talent in the complex board game. He rose to fame in the late 20th century, becoming a symbol of strategic excellence. In most inspiring moment arose during the 1980s, ____5____ he made history in the China-Japan Super Challe series and led China to final victories — an achievement ____6____ (lift) public spirits during a challenge. Awarded the highest ninth-dan rank in 1982 after securing five straight national titles, he rejected all off high- ranking positions and substantial wealth and later focused instead ____7____ serving as Head Co. the national team from 1986, while also popularizing the game for decades ____8____ (tireless). Celebrated for his strategic depth, Nie also committed ____9____ (he) to sharing the beauty of people of all ages, earning widespread respect. Upon the news of his passing at age 73, the messages ____10____ (pour) in from across society. Through his legendary play, his dedication and his lifelong advocacy, Nie Weiping has left an enduring legacy. He not only champion the game but also stood as a bridge who inspired millions, ensuring its spirit would thrive for generations. 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1.________（因为他从重点大学毕业）, he took up an important position in that company.（as a consequence of） 2.As a doctor, ________（是至关重要的）she (should) commit herself to devoting her energy to China's medical cause.（固定句型） 3.________（屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔奖）, which is a great honor for all Chinese people.（be awarded） 4.________（每天有规律的运动）plays a vital part in the treatment of psychological diseases.（play a vital part in） 5.________（在任何情况下）should we commit a crime.（固定句型） 6.______（一听到莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息）, people across the nation cheered with joy.（upon doing sth.） 二、应用文写作(2023全国英语甲卷改编) 你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.人物简介及事迹； 2. 意义或启示。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 题目已为你写好。 The Historical Figure in China ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 1 People of Achievement 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：https://www.chinawhisper.com）有改编 Top 4 Most Famous Chinese in History China is a civilization that dates back thousands of years and is at present one of the emerging superpowers of the world. In the long history many prominent Chinese have made major contributions to China. Here are the 4 most famous Chinese people in history. 1. Confucius 孔子 Confucius or Kongzi (551 – 479 B.C) is China’s most famous teacher, philosopher, and political theorist, whose ideas later became the official imperial philosophy of China, and was extremely influential during the Han, Tang and Song dynasties.  2. Emperor Qin Shi Huang 秦始皇 Emperor Qin Shi Huang (259– 210 B.C) was the First Emperor of a unified China, who ruled from 246 B.C. to 210 B.C. He established the first centralized, unified, multi-ethnic feudal state in Chinese history. 3.  Genghis Khan 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan (1162–1227), born in Mongolia, was the founder and Great Khan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which was the largest empire in the world before the British Empire and lasted well after his own death. 4. Mencius 孟子 Mencius (372 – 289 B.C) was a Chinese philosopher who is the most famous Confucian after Confucius himself. He is best known for the view that “human nature is good.” 【全文翻译】 历史上最具盛名的四位中国人 华夏文明绵延数千年，如今也是全球极具影响力的新兴大国。在漫漫历史长河中，无数杰出中华儿女为国家作出了卓越贡献。以下是史上知名度最高的四位华夏名人。 1. 孔子 孔子（公元前 551 年 — 公元前 479 年），是中国最负盛名的教育家、思想家与政治理论家。他创立的儒家学说后来成为古代中国官方正统思想，在汉、唐、宋三朝影响极为深远。 2. 秦始皇 秦始皇（公元前 259 年 — 公元前 210 年），是完成华夏大一统的首位帝王，执政时间为公元前 246 年至公元前 210 年。他缔造了中国历史上第一个中央集权、统一的多民族封建国家。 3. 成吉思汗 成吉思汗（1162—1227），生于蒙古草原，是大蒙古国的开创者与大汗。蒙古帝国是大英帝国出现之前人类疆域最辽阔的帝国，其影响力在他逝世后依旧延续许久。 4. 孟子 孟子（公元前 372 年 — 公元前 289 年），中国著名思想家，是继孔子之后最重要的儒家代表人物。他最广为人知的观点是 “性善论”。 【核心词汇】 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.civilization n. 文明 11.date back to 追溯到 2.prominent adj. 杰出的，著名的 3.philosopher n. 哲学家 4.theorist n. 理论家 5.imperial adj. 帝国的，皇室的 6.unified adj. 统一的 7.centralized adj. 中央集权的 8.multi-ethnic adj. 多民族的 9.feudal adj. 封建的 10.empire n. 帝国 12.at present 目前，如今 13.make contributions to 为…… 作贡献 14.rule v. 统治 15.the First Emperor 始皇帝 16.founder n. 建立者，创始人 17.emerging superpowers 新兴超级大国 18.thousands of years 数千年 19.extremely influential 极具影响力 20.B.C = Before Christ 公元前 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【长难句分析】 1.China is a civilization that dates back thousands of years and is at present one of the emerging superpowers of the world. 句意：中国是一个拥有数千年悠久历史的文明古国，如今也是世界新兴大国之一。 分析：本句主干为 China is a civilization；that 引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词 civilization，从句内部由 and 连接两套并列谓语 dates back thousands of years 与 is at present one of the emerging superpowers of the world。 2.Confucius or Kongzi (551 – 479 B.C) is China’s most famous teacher, philosopher, and political theorist, whose ideas later became the official imperial philosophy of China, and was extremely influential during the Han, Tang and Song dynasties. 句意：孔子（公元前 551— 公元前 479 年）是中国最著名的教育家、思想家和政治理论家，他的学说后来成为中国古代官方正统思想，在汉、唐、宋三朝影响极为深远。 分析：本句主干为 Confucius is China’s most famous teacher, philosopher, and political theorist；whose 引导非限制性定语从句修饰 Confucius，从句中 and 连接两套并列主谓结构，共同描述 his ideas 的两大影响。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1[全国新课标Ⅰ2024·B] “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh.He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine． Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian.He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried muscle⁃relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So,after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets． Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment． Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,”he says. “I will do anything to help an animal.That’s my job.” 1.What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A.He’s odd． B.He’s strict． C.He’s brave． D.He’s rude． 2.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A.He was trained in it at university． B.He was inspired by another veterinarian． C.He benefited from it as a patient． D.He wanted to save money for pet owners． 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment． B.The complexity of veterinarians’ work． C.Examples of rare animal diseases． D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine． 4.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A.To prove Farber’s point． B.To emphasize its importance． C.To praise veterinarians． D.To advocate animal protection． 【答案】1．A　2．C　3．D　4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国兽医威廉·法伯因背痛接受中国传统的针灸治疗,康复后决定将传统西医疗法与针灸、按摩疗法和草药相结合,采用整体医学疗法治疗动物疾病。这种综合疗法取得了显著成效并具有发展前景。 【解析】 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的 If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods．可知,法伯的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他用中西医结合疗法治疗动物,再结合上文I am not crazy和“I am ahead of my time．”可知,法伯认为自己并不古怪,只是做法超前。由此可推知,一些同事认为法伯这个人有些古怪。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的He tried muscle⁃relaxing drugs but found little relief． Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments．What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients．可知,法伯尝试使用放松肌肉的药物,但发现其治疗背痛收效甚微,而在接受两三次的针灸治疗后,他的病情就有所好转。由此可知,因为自己受益了,所以他认为这种针灸治疗也可以运用到动物身上。故选C项。 3．主旨大意题。通读第三段内容可知,该段主要列举了法伯应用整体医学疗法治疗动物疾病的两个具体例子,一只患有心脏病的狗和一匹马在经过法伯的治疗后,健康状况都有所好转。由此可知,本段主要介绍了法伯的整体医学疗法的有效性。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time… he may be right… over 700．可知,法伯确信,随着时间的推移,整体医学疗法将越来越受欢迎,随即提到美国整体兽医协会的会员人数已从30人增加到700多人,显然是为了证明他的观点是正确的。故选A项。 Passage 2(2021浙江卷 阅读D) Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career ( 职 业 ) in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed. But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years into his career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired. Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life. 1.Why did Nielsen want to be an actor? A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money. C. He wanted to be like his uncle. D. He felt he was good at acting. 2.What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career? A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges. C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor. 3.What does Nielsen’s career story tell us? A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest. C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way. 【答案】1．C　2．D　3．D 【导语】本文讲述了莱斯利・尼尔森的演艺人生：年少时受知名演员叔叔影响立志演戏，前期长期出演正剧，入行 32 年后凭借喜剧电影走红，一生坚持拍戏永不退休，用坚持与热爱成就不凡事业。 【解析】 1．细节理解题。根据第一段 “The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.” 可知，叔叔收获的赞誉与敬佩激励尼尔森走上演艺道路，他想成为像叔叔一样的演员。A（喜欢看电影）、B（渴望赚钱）、D（自认擅长表演）原文均无依据。故选 C 项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段 “That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.” 可知，职业生涯后半段，他主攻喜剧，仅凭自身喜剧表现力就能让影片收获票房，成为成功的喜剧演员。A（执导高质量影片）原文未提及；B（回避新挑战）与第三段他始终好奇、不断迎接新角色相悖；C（专注正剧角色）是他前半生的状态。故选 D 项。 3．主旨大意题。文章结尾点明主旨：尼尔森仅凭努力和决心成就事业，只要不放弃心中的梦想，就能活出精彩人生，对应谚语 “有志者事竟成”。A（人生短暂，艺无止境）；B（笑到最后笑得最好）；C（活到老学到老）均不符合文章核心立意。故选 D 项。 Passage 3(2020山东卷 阅读B) Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful. 1.What did Jennifer do after high school? A. She helped her dad with his work. B. She ran the family farm on her own. C. She supported herself through college. D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 2.Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield? A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses. C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there. 3.What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A. Her health. B. Her time with family. C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion. 4.What can we learn from Jenifer's story? A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers. C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success. 【答案】1.C　2.A　3.B　4.C 【导语】本文讲述了詹妮弗・莫尔的求学经历。她出身大家庭，高中毕业后打工自费读完专科，成家生子后为实现护理专业学士学位重返校园，兼顾学业与家庭，牺牲陪伴孩子的时间刻苦学习，最终以优异成绩毕业，成为家族第一位本科生，用亲身经历证明努力终有回报。 【解析】 1.细节理解题。根据第二段 “After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.” 可知，高中毕业后她一边打工一边读专科，自己挣钱支付学费，靠自己供养自己完成大学学业。A（帮父亲干活）、B（独自经营农场）、D（在家辅导弟妹）原文均无对应信息。故选 C 项。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段 “She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.” 可知，她选择这个项目是因为校区离家近，方便晚上回家照顾孩子。B（向优秀护士学习）、C（为父母省钱）、D（在当地找高薪工作）文中未提及。故选 A 项。 3.细节理解题。根据第四段 “Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.” 可知，为完成学业，她牺牲了陪伴家人、陪伴孩子的时光。A（健康）、C（名声）、D（晋升机会）文中没有提到。故选 B 项。 4.主旨大意题。全文讲述詹妮弗克服家境、育儿等多重困难坚持求学，最终顺利取得本科学位，第一段也提到 “That willpower bore fruit（意志力结出了果实）”，对应谚语 “Hard work pays off（努力终有回报）”。A（时间就是金钱）、B（爱能冲破阻碍）、D（教育是成功关键）均不能概括文章核心主旨。故选 C 项。 Passage 4(江西上饶市2025-2026学年高二上学期2月期末英语试题) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At 32, Duan Yanyan could have had a stable career in Beijing. ____1____, he chose to work in Laoting county, Hebei, a place full of saline-alkali (盐碱) land. With a background in hardware development, he said, “Office work felt ____2____ from real farming. Being in the field helps me use machines, find problems, and fix them ____3____.” In 2023, Duan ____4____ Laoting Agricultural Group as a hardware engineer. He led a team to develop automated systems for the farm. They ____5____ 1,500 mu of low-yield land into rich fields. The rice yield went up to 700 kg per unit. How did they do it? Using ____6____ like IoT, automated machines, and data apps. “Farmers can ____7____ soil moisture on their phones and control water with smart valves (阀门),” Duan explained. This not only cuts fertilizer waste but also ____8____ harvests. Unmanned equipment has also made labor costs ____9____. The team also tried “green innovation”: raising crabs and crayfish in paddy fields. Flushing water often reduces soil salinity, and this ____10____ both rice and seafood. Working with research institutes, they test new ____11____. “Farmers used to ____12____ unfamiliar seeds,” Duan said. “But showing them yield data after each harvest helps them ____13____ us.” Today, the team uses AI to make planting models ____14____. “We want smart farming to be easy for everyone to ____15____,” Duan said. “Our tech can help Chinese agriculture grow and more farmers live better lives.” Through hard work, Duan shows that technology can turn poor land into rich farms — a lesson beyond any textbook. 1. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Otherwise 2. A. similar B. connected C. free D. disconnected 3. A. suddenly B. directly C. carefully D. usually 4. A. joined B. left C. started D. visited 5. A. transformed B. divided C. destroyed D. covered 6. A. skills B. rules C. methods D. technologies 7. A. change B. monitor C. increase D. reduce 8. A. checks B. records C. improves D. measures 9. A. drop B. rise C. stop D. stay 10. A. harms B. tests C. needs D. helps 11. A. tools B. seeds C. machines D. apps 12. A. believe B. accept C. doubt D. grow 13. A. witness B. trust C. teach D. follow 14. A. better B. bigger C. cheaper D. faster 15. A. assess B. share C. use D. develop 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了硬件工程师段严严放弃北京稳定工作，到河北盐碱地地区投身智慧农业，利用物联网、自动化等科技改良土壤、提高产量，并带领团队探索“稻蟹共生”等绿色模式，推动农业现代化发展的故事。 【1题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他选择在河北省乐亭县工作，这是一个充满盐碱地的地方。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文“At 32, Duan Yanyan could have had a stable career in Beijing.(他本可以在北京有稳定事业)”与后文“he chose to work in Laoting county, Hebei”的对比可知，两句之间是明显的转折关系，用“However”连接。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：办公室工作感觉与真正的农业脱节。A. similar相似的；B. connected连接的；C. free自由的；D. disconnected脱节的，无联系的。根据后文他的解释“Being in the field helps me use machines, find problems, and fix them .”可知，他认为亲临田间地头才能解决问题，这说明之前办公室工作与实际情况是“脱节”的。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在田间地头帮助我操作机器、发现问题并直接解决问题。A. suddenly突然；B. directly直接地；C. carefully仔细地；D. usually通常。根据前文“Office work felt from real farming.”的对比，亲临现场的优势就是能“直接”面对和处理问题，省去中间环节。故选B项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，段严严加入乐亭农业集团，成为一名硬件工程师。A. joined加入；B. left离开；C. started开始；D. visited参观。根据后文“as a hardware engineer”以及他“led a team to develop automated systems”等行动可知，他“加入”了该集团并担任职务。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把1500亩低产田变成了肥沃的田地。A. transformed转变，改造；B. divided分割；C. destroyed破坏；D. covered覆盖。根据后文“into rich fields”以及产量“went up to 700 kg per unit”的提升可知，他们将贫瘠土地“改造”成了良田。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：使用物联网、自动化机器和数据应用等技术。A. skills技能；B. rules规则；C. methods方法；D. technologies技术。根据所列举的例子“IoT, automated machines, and data apps”可知，这些都是具体的现代“技术”手段。故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“农民可以在手机上监测土壤湿度，并通过智能阀门控制水，”段解释道。A. change改变；B. monitor监测；C. increase增加；D. reduce减少。根据后文“soil moisture on their phones”可推知，农民可以在手机上“监测”土壤湿度。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅减少了肥料浪费，还提高了收成。A. checks检查；B. records记录；C. improves提高；D. measures测量。根据前文“cuts fertilizer waste”以及科技应用带来的积极效果，产量从低产提升到“700 kg per unit”可知，收成得到了“提高”。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：无人设备也使得人工成本下降了。A. drop下降；B. rise上升；C. stop停止；D. stay保持。根据前文“Unmanned equipment”以及常识可知，使用无人设备(自动化)取代部分人力，通常会“降低”劳动力成本。故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经常灌水降低了土壤盐分，这对水稻和海产品都有帮助。A. harms伤害；B. tests测试；C. needs需要；D. helps帮助。根据前文“green innovation(绿色创新)”以及“reduces soil salinity (降低盐分)”这一积极措施可知，此做法对水稻和混养的螃蟹、小龙虾都有“益处”。故选D项。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们与研究机构合作，测试新的种子。A. tools工具；B. seeds种子；C. machines机器；D. apps应用程序。根据后文“Farmers used to unfamiliar seeds”可知，此处表示他们在测试“种子”。故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“农民过去常常怀疑不熟悉的种子，”段说。A. believe相信；B. accept接受；C. doubt怀疑；D. grow种植。根据后文“But showing them yield data after each harvest helps them us.”的转折，以及“unfamiliar (不熟悉的)”一词可推知，农民最初的态度是“怀疑”。故选C项。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但每次收获后向他们展示产量数据有助于他们信任我们。A. witness目击；B. trust信任；C. teach教导；D. follow跟随。根据上文“Farmers used to unfamiliar seeds”以及语境可知，农民起初怀疑，通过展示实际数据(yield data)这一事实证据，目的是改变他们的态度，赢得“信任”。故选B项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，团队利用人工智能使种植模式变得更好。A. better更好；B. bigger更大；C. cheaper更便宜；D. faster更快。根据全文脉络，团队一直在利用科技(IoT, automated machines, data apps)不断改进农业，现在用AI是为了进一步优化种植模型，使其更科学、高效，即变得“更好”。故选A项。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们希望智慧农业变得容易，让每个人都能使用，”段说。A. assess评估；B. share分享；C. use使用；D. develop发展。根据前文描述的各种技术应用(监控、控制、优化)以及“easy for everyone”的目标，团队的根本目的是让这些先进技术能够被广大农民轻易地“使用”起来，从而惠及更多人。故选C项。 Passage 5(安徽六安市2025-2026学年高二年级上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Yang Chen-Ning was born in Hefei, Anhui Province in 1922. He spent his teenage years in Tsinghua Garden. Later, he ____1____ (go) to the United States for further study. In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics, ____2____ (mark) a significant milestone in his academic career. Together with Tsung-Dao Lee, Yang proposed the theory of parity non-conservation, ____3____ they jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. He also put forward the “Yang-Mills theory” with Robert Mills and discovered the “Yang-Baxter equation”. These contributions are ____4____ (benefit) to modern physics, laying a solid foundation for its development. In 1971, Yang made his first visit to the People’s Republic of China, ____5____ sparked a wave of visits by overseas Chinese scholars. He provided suggestions ____6____ China’s scientific and educational development, sponsored Chinese scholars to study further in the US, and made great efforts ____7____ (promote) the development of Chinese universities. It was in his later years ____8____ Yang returned to Tsinghua University to teach. He ____9____ (devote) to promoting scientific research and talent cultivation. On October 18, 2025, he passed away in Beijing at the age of 103, leaving behind a remarkable legacy in the field of physics and Chinese education. His life story is an ____10____ (inspire) to young scientists around the world. 【答案】1. went 2. marking 3. and 4. beneficial 5. which 6. for 7. to promote 8. that 9. was devoted 10. inspiration 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了杨振宁的生平经历和成就。 【1题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：后来，他去了美国深造。本句缺少谓语，所以go作本句谓语，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填went。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1957年，他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，这是他学术生涯中的一个重要里程碑。本句已有谓语动词，所以mark用非谓语形式，逻辑主语为前句提到的事，两者是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填marking。 【3题详解】 考查连词。句意：他与李政道一起提出了宇称不守恒理论，并于1957年共同获得诺贝尔物理学奖。根据句意，“Yang proposed the theory of parity non-conservation”和“they jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957.”两者并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 【4题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些贡献对现代物理学是有益的，为物理学的发展奠定了坚实的基础。此处是固定搭配：be beneficial to意为“对……有益”。故填beneficial。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1971 年，杨振宁首次踏上了中华人民共和国的土地，此举在海外华裔学者群体中激起了一阵访问热潮。。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是空前提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：他为中国的科学和教育发展建言献策，资助中国学者赴美深造，为推动中国大学的发展做出了巨大努力。此处是固定搭配：provide suggestion for意为“为……提供意见”。故填for。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他为中国的科学和教育发展建言献策，资助中国学者赴美深造，为推动中国大学的发展做出了巨大努力。此处是固定搭配：make efforts to do sth.意为“努力做某事”。故填to promote。 【8题详解】 考查强调句。句意：直到晚年，他才回到清华大学任教。此处为强调句型，其基本结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分”，此处被强调部分为in his later years，指时间，所以要用that引导。故填that。 【9题详解】 考查固定搭配和时态。句意：他致力于推动科学研究和人才培养。此处是固定搭配：be devoted to意为“献身于......”，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数。故填was devoted。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：他的人生故事激励着全世界的年轻科学家。空前是不定冠词an，所以空处应填名词作表语，inspire的名词形式是inspiration意为“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”，用单数形式。故填inspiration。 Passage 6(四川省泸州市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末统一考试英语试题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have been passionate about public welfare since childhood, but I never imagined that a Chinese figure ____1____ (name) Lei Feng would become an essential part of my life. In 2018, I came to China to study at Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics (JUFE) and ____2____ (active) participated in the university’s public welfare activities. During these events, local people called me “Yang Lei Feng”, ____3____ I later learned means “foreign Lei Feng”. Growing up in Bangladesh, I was aware ____4____ the challenges facing my country — poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare were stark (严峻的) realities that I witnessed firsthand. These experiences fired my ____5____ (determine) up to contribute to positive change. Inspired by Lei Feng’s spirit, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021 — Lei Feng Day. Our mission is ____6____ (support) children with special needs, assist the elderly, promote environmental awareness and foster cross-cultural understanding. Wanting to know more about this young man, I ____7____ (travel) in 2023 to Liaoning province, the birthplace of Lei Feng’s spirit. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall. The exhibits — his photographs, personal belongings, ____8____ diary entries — offered a glimpse into his commitment. Lei Feng may have lived only 22 years, but his spirit continues to shine brightly, illuminating the path for those who come after him. Through ____9____ (program) like the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association and Lei Feng International Volunteer Team, we make sure his legacy lives on, ____10____ (inspire) people across the globe to be the change they wish to see. 【答案】1. named 2. actively 3. which 4. of 5. determination 6. to support 7. traveled/travelled 8. and 9. programs 10. inspiring 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受雷锋精神影响，在中国积极参与公益活动，并成立雷锋国际志愿者协会，致力于传承和弘扬雷锋精神。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我从小就对公益事业充满热情，但我从未想过一个名叫雷锋中国人物会成为我生活中不可或缺的一部分。that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词是would become，此处为非谓语动词，name和figure为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰名词figure。故填named。 【2题详解】 考查副词。句意：2018年，我来到中国江西财经大学学习，并积极参加学校的公益活动。此处为副词actively“积极地”修饰动词participated，作状语。故填actively。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在这些活动中，当地人叫我“洋雷锋”，后来我才知道这是“外国雷锋”的意思。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Yang Lei Feng”，从句缺少主语，所以关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：我在孟加拉国长大，我意识到我的国家面临的挑战——贫困、不平等、教育和医疗保健机会有限，这些都是我亲眼目睹的严峻现实。此处为固定短语be aware of意为“意识到，知道”，符合句意。故填of。 【5题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些经历激发了我为积极变革做出贡献的决心。由空前my为形容词性物主代词修饰名词可知，此处为名词determination“决心”作宾语，不可数。故填determination。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的使命是支持有特殊需要的儿童，帮助老年人，提高环境意识，促进跨文化理解。此处为非谓语动词作表语，结合句意可知，此处说明主语的具体内容，所以为不定式形式作表语。故填to support。 【7题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：为了更多地了解这个年轻人，我于2023年前往雷锋精神的发源地辽宁省。根据时间状语in 2023可知，此处句子时态应为一般过去时，空格处填入过去式。故填traveled/travelled。 【8题详解】 考查连词。句意：展品——他的照片、个人物品和日记——让我们得以一窥他的承诺。根据句意可知，此处his photographs, personal belongings和diary entries为并列关系，所以填入连词and。故填and。 【9题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：通过雷锋国际志愿者协会和雷锋国际志愿者团队等项目，我们确保他的遗产得以延续，激励全球各地的人们成为他们希望看到的变革。program“项目”为可数名词，根据空格列举的组织“like the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association and Lei Feng International Volunteer Team”不止一个可知，此处应为复数形式表示泛指。故填programs。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过雷锋国际志愿者协会和雷锋国际志愿者团队等项目，我们确保他的遗产得以延续，激励全球各地的人们成为他们希望看到的变革。此处为非谓语动词作状语，inspire与其逻辑主语his legacy为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填inspiring。 Passage 7(辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2024-2025学年高二下期末英语) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lu Ban (507-440 BCE), a legendary figure from China's Spring and Autumn Period, is known ____1____ the “father of carpentry” and a pioneer of engineering. His innovations and craftsmanship left a lasting impact on Chinese culture and technology. According to historical records, numerous tools and devices ____2____ (invent) by Lu Ban. His most famous creations include the saw, the cloud ladder (a siege weapon) and the wooden bird (an early glider prototype). These inventions not only ____3____ (significant) improved efficiency but also showcased his creative thinking. For example, the saw's design emerged from observing nature. Lu Ban's legacy extends beyond tools. He established ____4____ (standard) for woodworking and architecture, many of ____5____ are still referenced today. His name is a synonym (代名词) for skill and precision, and “Lu Ban Lock” is a puzzle toy that challenges ____6____ (space) thinking. Stories about him often combine history and myth, such as tales of his wooden bird ____7____ (fly) for days. Even in modern times, Lu Ban's name represents superb skills ____8____ boundless creativity. His ____9____ (emphasize) on practicality, problem-solving and respect for craftsmanship inspires engineers and artisans worldwide _____10_____ (pursue) excellence. For high school students, his story highlights the timeless value of observation innovation and perseverance in shaping progress. 【答案】1. as 2. were invented 3. significantly 4. standards 5. which 6. spatial 7. flying 8. and 9. emphasis 10. to pursue 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。春秋时期的鲁班被誉为“木匠之父”，发明众多工具，制定木工建筑标准，其故事体现观察、创新与坚持的价值。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：鲁班（公元前507年到公元前440年），是春秋时期一位著名的传奇人物，被誉为“木工之父”以及工程学的先驱。be known as意为“被称为”。故填as。 【2题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：据历史记载，鲁班发明了众多的工具和装置。根据句意可知，此处表示发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且invent与主语tools and devices是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，谓语用复数。故填were invented。 【3题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些发明不仅极大地提高了效率，还充分展现了他的创新思维。此处修饰动词improved用副词significantly。故填significantly。 【4题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他确立了木工和建筑方面的标准，其中许多标准至今仍被沿用。standard是可数名词，此处数量大于一应用其复数形式，作宾语。故填standards。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他确立了木工和建筑方面的标准，其中许多标准至今仍被沿用。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，先行词是standards，指物，many of which在从句中作主语。故填which。 【6题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他的名字象征着技艺与精准，而“鲁班锁”则是一款能锻炼空间思维的益智玩具。此处应用形容词spatial修饰名词thinking。故填spatial。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：关于他的故事常常将历史与神话交织在一起，比如有关他那只木制小鸟能连续飞行数日的传说。此处为动名词的复合结构，fly与其逻辑主语wooden bird之间是主动关系，用其动名词作介词of的宾语。故填flying。 【8题详解】 考查冠词。句意：即便在当今时代，鲁班的名字依然象征着高超的技艺和无限的创造力。此处应用and连接两个并列名词。故填and。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：他对于实用性的强调、对解决问题能力的重视以及对工艺的尊重，激励着世界各地的工程师和工匠追求卓越。作主语应用名词emphasis。故填emphasis。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他对于实用性的强调、对解决问题能力的重视以及对工艺的尊重，激励着世界各地的工程师和工匠追求卓越。inspire sb to do sth意为“激励某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to pursue。 Passage 8(湖北十堰市第一中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试高二英语) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese sports community is immersed in grief following the passing of Go master Nie Weiping, legendary figure whose lifelong dedication profoundly shaped the game’s development in China and beyond. It is with deep grief ____1____ we announce the passing of Nie Weiping, which has saddened the Chinese Go community as ____2____ huge loss for the game, according to a notice released by Nie’s family. ____3____ (expose) to Go at a young age, he quickly demonstrated his ____4____ (ordinary) talent in the complex board game. He rose to fame in the late 20th century, becoming a symbol of strategic excellence. In most inspiring moment arose during the 1980s, ____5____ he made history in the China-Japan Super Challe series and led China to final victories — an achievement ____6____ (lift) public spirits during a challenge. Awarded the highest ninth-dan rank in 1982 after securing five straight national titles, he rejected all off high- ranking positions and substantial wealth and later focused instead ____7____ serving as Head Co. the national team from 1986, while also popularizing the game for decades ____8____ (tireless). Celebrated for his strategic depth, Nie also committed ____9____ (he) to sharing the beauty of people of all ages, earning widespread respect. Upon the news of his passing at age 73, the messages ____10____ (pour) in from across society. Through his legendary play, his dedication and his lifelong advocacy, Nie Weiping has left an enduring legacy. He not only champion the game but also stood as a bridge who inspired millions, ensuring its spirit would thrive for generations. 【答案】1. that 2. a 3. Exposed 4. Extraordinary 5. when 6. lifting 7. on 8. tirelessly 9. himself 10. have been pouring 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了围棋大师聂卫平去世，中国体育界沉浸在悲痛之中，并回顾了他的成就与贡献。 【1题详解】 考查强调句。句意：聂卫平的家人发布公告称，我们怀着沉痛的心情宣布聂卫平的逝世，他的逝世令中国围棋界悲痛不已，这是围棋界的巨大损失。此处为强调句“it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他”，被强调部分为with deep grief，本空用that。故填that。 【2题详解】 考查冠词。句意：聂卫平的家人发布公告称，我们怀着沉痛的心情宣布聂卫平的逝世，他的逝世令中国围棋界悲痛不已，这是围棋界的巨大损失。此处泛指“一个巨大损失”，huge以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他从小接触围棋，很快就展现出了在这项复杂棋盘游戏中的非凡天赋。此处为非谓语动词，作状语，expose“使接触”与逻辑主语he之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Exposed。 【4题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他从小接触围棋，很快就展现出了在这项复杂棋盘游戏中的非凡天赋。本空修饰talent，用形容词extraordinary“非凡的”。故填extraordinary。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：20世纪80年代，他创造了最鼓舞人心的时刻，在中日超级挑战赛系列赛中创造历史，带领中国取得最终胜利——这一成就在挑战时期振奋了民心。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the 1980s，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导从。故填when。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：20世纪80年代，他创造了最鼓舞人心的时刻，在中日超级挑战赛系列赛中创造历史，带领中国取得最终胜利——这一成就在挑战时期振奋了民心。此处为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰achievement，lift与achievement之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填lifting。 【7题详解】 考查介词。句意：1982年，在连续获得五个全国冠军后，他获得了最高九段头衔，但他拒绝了所有高官厚禄，后来从1986年起专注于担任国家队主教练，同时还数十年不倦地推广这项运动。focus on为固定短语，意为“专注于”。故填on。 【8题详解】 考查副词。句意：1982年，在连续获得五个全国冠军后，他获得了最高的九段头衔，但他拒绝了所有高官厚禄，后来从1986年起专注于担任国家队主教练，同时还数十年不倦地推广这项运动。本空修饰popularizing，用副词tirelessly，作状语。故填tirelessly。 【9题详解】 考查代词。句意：聂卫平以其战略深度而闻名，他还致力于向各年龄段的人们分享围棋之美，赢得了广泛尊重。commit oneself to为固定短语，意为“致力于”，主语为Nie，此处应为反身代词himself。故填himself。 【10题详解】 考查时态。句意：73岁的聂卫平去世的消息传来后，社会各界纷纷发来悼念信息。pour“不断涌向”。此处表示从过去到现在一直持续的动作，用现在完成进行时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been pouring。 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1.________（因为他从重点大学毕业）, he took up an important position in that company.（as a consequence of） 2.As a doctor, ________（是至关重要的）she (should) commit herself to devoting her energy to China's medical cause.（固定句型） 3.________（屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔奖）, which is a great honor for all Chinese people.（be awarded） 4.________（每天有规律的运动）plays a vital part in the treatment of psychological diseases.（play a vital part in） 5.________（在任何情况下）should we commit a crime.（固定句型） 6.________（一听到莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息）, people across the nation cheered with joy.（upon doing sth.） 【答案】 1.As a consequence of having graduated from a key university 2.it is vital that 3.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize 4.Regular daily exercise 5.Under no circumstances should we 6.Upon hearing the news that Mo Yan had won the Nobel Prize in Literature 二、应用文写作(2023全国英语甲卷改编) 你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.人物简介及事迹； 2. 意义或启示。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 题目已为你写好。 The Historical Figure in China ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】 The Historical Figure in China Qu Yuan was born in around 340 BC and became an official of the state of Chu in his twenties. He was not only a famous patriotic poet in Chinese history, but also a pioneer of romanticism in Chinese classical literature. Although Qu Yuan was a person who devoted his energies to the development of Chu, he could not get support from everyone". He recorded his own experiences and expressed his concern about the state of Chu in several long poems, such as Li Sao( The Lament) Nowadays,Chinese people still commemorate Qu Yuan every year during the Dragon Boat Festival. His patriotism, loyalty, and dedication to his country and people are qualities that we should all strive to emulate. $