内容正文:
译林六年级上册
Unit 5 Keeping it clean
单元知识梳理
语音:
字母组合 ir 在重读音节中通常发/ɜː/音,例如 dirty, girl, T-shirt, thirsty。
拓展:在重读音节中,字母组合 ir 后接e 组合成 ire 时,发音为 /aɪə(r)/,例如fire(火), admire(钦佩)。
单词:
核心
非核心
will 将,将要
ground 地,地面
cleaning 打扫,清洁
skin(某些水果和蔬菜的)皮,壳throw 抛,扔
fall 突然倒下,跌倒
jogging 慢跑锻炼
gate 大门
group 组,群
start 发起
短语:
rubbish bin 垃圾桶
banana skin 香蕉皮
drop rubbish on the floor 把垃圾扔到地上
keep our city clean 让我们的城市保持干净
make a plan 制订一个计划
walk home 步行回家
make the street dirty 使街道变脏
fall down 跌倒
go plogging 去拾荒慢跑
pick up rubbish 捡起垃圾
at the same time 同时,一起
meet at the school gate 在学校大门口见面
on time 准时,按时
do a great job 做得很棒
start a cleaning group 发起一个清洁小组
sweep the ground 扫地
put … in order 把…整理好
语法:
1.询问对方在某个时间(段)计划的句型What's your plan for+表示时间的名词(短语)?
What's your plan for Saturday/the weekend?
你星期六/周末有什么计划?
2. will 构成的一般将来时的肯定句主语+ will+动词原形(+其他).
I will pick up the banana skin.
我会捡起香蕉皮。
3.表示让某人/物保持/变成某种状态的搭配
keep/make sb/sth+形容词
It can keep us healthy and make our city clean.
它可以让我们保持健康,并让我们的城市变得干净。
重难语法突破
重难精讲
重难点一 will 构成的一般将来时的肯定句
解析 will 作为情态动词,意为"将,将要"。"will+动词原形"构成一般将来时,表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与 tomorrow, next week/month/year …, soon 等表示将来的时间状语连用,情态动词 will 可用于各种人称,无人称和数的变化。
1.句型结构:主语+ will+动词原形(+其他).
[例句] The mother kangaroo says to the baby kangaroo, "I will always love you."
袋鼠妈妈对袋鼠宝宝说:"我会永远爱你。"
We will learn how to play volleyball next week. 下周我们将学习如何打排球。
2. will 的缩略形式
人称代词主格与 will 写在一起时,可以用缩略形式,具体如下:
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
I
we
you
he
she
it
they
will
I'll
we'll
you'll
he'll
she'll
it'll
they'll
[例句] We'll take many photos in Qujiang Lake Heritage Park.
我们将在曲江池遗址公园拍摄许多照片。
[拓展]will构成的一般将来时的其他句型
will 构成的一般将来时的否定句可以直接在 will 后面加 not,也可以缩写为 won't;
will 与 there be 句型连用时表示"将有…"。
[例句] It's raining outside. Jason won't go to the seaside. 外面正在下雨。杰森不会去海边了。
There will be many presents at the party. 聚会上将会有许多礼物。
[典例剖析]单项选择。
( )1. The students of this university will climb Mount Tai ________.
A. the day before yesterday B. next month
C. every summer D. at this time yesterday
( )2. There _______ a concert(音乐会) this Tuesday. I can't wait!
A. was B. will be C. will have D. has
点拨第1小题,由句子中的will可知,本句时态为一般将来时,应用表示将来的时间状语,故选 B。第2小题,空处所在句为 there be 句型,先排除选项 C 和选项 D;由后句"I can't wait!"可知,事情尚未发生,应用 there be 句型的一般将来时结构。故选 B。
[反馈练习]根据图片和关键词提示,仿照示例写句子。
示例:
(children, next week)
The children will have a running race next week.
1.
(J( Jack, at 8:00 this evening)
_______________________________________________________
2.
(s(sports meeting, soon)
_______________________________________________________
3.
(a(all the students, tomorrow morning)
_______________________________________________________
重难点二 动词短语中宾语的位置
解析在英语中,动词短语可以分为“动介结构”和“动副结构”。
1.不及物动词后不可以直接接宾语,如果必须要接宾语,就需要在这个动词后加一个介词,构成“动介结构”,例如: care about, look at, talk about 等。
2.“动副结构”指的是“动词+副词”的结构,动词既可以是及物动词,也可以是不及物动词,后面的副词可以进一步说明动作的结果,从而使句意表达更加完整,例如: leave behind, blow out, pick up 等。“动介结构”和“动副结构”短语后面接宾语时,宾语的位置如下:
[例句]Charlie has a pet parrot and he looks after it/the parrot carefully.
查理有一只宠物鹦鹉,他仔细地照料着它/这只鹦鹉。
Let's take out the clothes and air them. 咱们把衣服拿出来晾一下吧。
The dish is so delicious that I eat it up. 这道菜是如此的美味以致于我把它吃光了。
[典例剖析]根据中文提示完成对话。
--你的书在哪里? --哦! 我把它们落下了。
-_________ _________ your _________? - Oh! I left _________ ________.
点拨:询问“在哪里”时,疑问词用where;由答句中的“它们”可知,书不止一本,所以问句中的be 动词用are,book用其复数形式books;答句中表示“把......落下”用动副短语leave...behind,宾语“它们”用人称代词they的宾格形式them,需放在leave 和behind的中间。故填Where are,books,them behind.
[反馈练习]单项选择。
( )1. She wants to call her mother and talk _______.
A. about the plan B. the plan about
C. with the plan D. the plan with
( )2.-Don't throw the banana skin on the ground. Pick __________!
- I'm sorry. I won't do that again.
A. up it B. it up C. up them D. them up
易错辨析
易错点 time构成的常用短语辨析
解析 time 作名词,意为"时间,时刻",其常用短语与含义如下:
in time 及时 -- at a time 每次,一次
on time 准时,按时 at times 偶尔
in no time 立刻,马上 - at the same time 同时,一起
from time to time 有时 - all the time 一直
[典例剖析]选词填空。
1. Lucy is a punctual(守时的) woman. She always comes to work ______________ (on time/in time).
2. He looks very strong, but he catches colds ________________(at times/at a time).
点拨:第1小题,由前句“Lucy is a punctual woman.”可知,Lucy是一个守时的人,此处应表示“她总是准时来上班。”故填on time。第2小题,由空前的“He looks very strong” 转折连词but可知,此处表示“他偶尔也会感冒”。故填at times。
[反馈练习]从方框中选择合适的选项填空。
A.in no time B.from time to time C.at the same time D.all the time
1. The two runners reached the finish line __________, so they were both the winners.
2. It's an easy game. I think you'll be good at it ___________.
3. I have fast food ___________. But most of the time I stick to a balanced diet.
4. My little sister asks silly questions _________, which really makes me feel annoyed (恼怒).
参考答案:
一、1.Jack will sweep the floor at 8:00 this evening.
2.There will be sports meeting soon.
3.All the students will meet at the school gate tomorrow morning.
二、1.A 2.B
易错辨析:
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D
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