Unit 4 The Earth单元知识总结及重点易错专项训练（知识清单）2026-2027学年沪教版七年级英语上册

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit 4核心语法与短语，以10个易错考点为纲，通过基础-提升-拓展三级训练，系统提炼"就近原则""人with物for"等实用解题技巧，构建从知识理解到应用迁移的逻辑链条。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |10个易错考点|每考点9题（3基础+3提升+3拓展）|如There be就近原则、provide双宾语"人with物for"、like介动区分等口诀式技巧|从单词/短语到句型/语法，层层递进；同一考点难度递增，覆盖不同语境应用|

沪教版新版七年级上册 Unit 4 The Earth 单元知识总结及重点易错专项训练 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 说明：本练习紧扣最新教材精选 10 个重点易错考点，每个考点含基础题×3、提升题×3、拓展题×3，共 90 题。 一、重点单词（Word Bank） 类别 核心单词 自然与星球 Earth, planet, system, solar system, pole, north, area, desert, metre, grain, billion 生物 whale, butterfly, animal, plant, fish, bird, insect 动作与状态 provide, explore, protect, cover, reach, disappear, blow, burn, hunt, pollute 事物与材料 plastic, pollution, chemical, groundwater, oil, gas, sandstorm, war, website, file, solution, generation, emperor, own 描述词 amazing, freezing, wide, harmful 二、重点短语（Key Phrases） 类别 重点短语 存在与归属 there is / there are, be home to, millions of, hundreds of 保护行动 take care of, protect … from, put … into …, end up in, Beach Clean-up Day 描述与举例 as … as …, like（比如）, as far as we know, what’s more, more and more 危害与解决 be harmful to, global warming, recyclable / residual / food / hazardous waste 三、重点句型（Key Sentence Patterns） 功能 例句 总体评价 The Earth is an amazing planet! 举例说明 Some places are very hot, like the areas near the equator. 存在列举 There are fields and mountains, rivers and seas, forests and deserts. 高度表达 The tallest trees in the world can reach over 100 metres in height. 归属家园 The Earth is home to millions of animals. 提供资源 The Earth provides us with all the things we need, such as food, water, air and energy. 同级比较 The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. 行动呼吁 Let’s explore, learn about and take care of our home. 数量增多 There is more and more plastic pollution in the sea. 事实判断 As far as we know … only one, the Earth, can support life. 四、重点语法（Grammar Focus） 语法点 要点 1 There be 句型 表示“（某地）存在有”，be 动词随最靠近的名词单复数变化（就近原则）。 2 可数 / 不可数名词 pollution, air, water, plastic 不可数；animal, metre, plant, butterfly 可数。 3 provide 双宾语 provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.（为某人提供某物）。 4 as … as 同级比较 as + 原级 + as；否定用 not as / so … as。 5 形容词最高级 the + 最高级 + 范围，如 the tallest, the smallest, the highest。 6 like 词性辨析 介词“比如 / 像”无词形变化；动词“喜欢”需随主语变形。 7 to 为介词短语 be home to, be harmful to 中 to 是介词，后接名词 / 代词。 8 数量表达 具体数字 + hundred / million（单数）；hundreds / millions + of。 9 单元固定短语 take care of, put … into …, end up in 等需整体记忆。 10 一般现在时 描述地球事实与常态，用一般现在时。 考点1：There be 句型主谓一致（就近原则） 【易错点睛】There be 表示“某处存在某物”，be 动词的单复数由最靠近它的名词决定（就近原则）。There is a tree and some flowers. / There are two bottles and a bag. ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. There ___ a big tree and some flowers in front of Lily’s house. A. is B. are C. have D. has ◇（ ）2. There ___ two bottles and a plastic bag on the beach in Xiamen. A. is B. has C. have D. are ◇（ ）3. ___ there any plastic pollution in the sea near Qingdao? A. Are B. Is C. Have D. Has ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. There ___ a whale and many small fish in the ocean. A. are B. is C. were D. be ▶（ ）2. There ___ some groundwater and a river in the desert area. A. are B. has C. have D. is ▶（ ）3. Look! There ___ a butterfly and two bees on the flower. A. are B. is C. were D. be ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. In the solar system, there ___ only one planet that can support life — the Earth. A. are B. has C. have D. is ★（ ）2. There ___ a lot of sandstorms and a war in the story about the north pole. A. is B. has C. have D. are ★（ ）3. As far as we know, there ___ more and more plastic in the lakes around Kunming. A. are B. were C. be D. is 考点2：There be 与 have / has 的区别（存在 vs 拥有） 【易错点睛】There be 强调“某处存在某物”（客观存在）；have / has 强调“某人 / 某物拥有”（所属关系）。二者不可混用。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. ___ a beautiful planet called Earth in the solar system. A. There is B. It is C. They have D. He has ◇（ ）2. The Earth ___ air, water and many animals. A. there is B. there are C. has D. have ◇（ ）3. ___ many bottles on the beaches of Wuhan. A. It has B. There are C. They have D. We have ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. ___ a big desert and some mountains in the north of the area. A. There is B. It has C. They have D. He has ▶（ ）2. Chen Wei ___ a file about the amazing planet on his website. A. there is B. there are C. has D. have ▶（ ）3. ___ more and more recyclable waste in our school? A. Has B. Have C. Is there D. Are there ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. As far as we know, ___ only one Earth, and it has its own system to support life. A. there is B. it has C. they have D. he has ★（ ）2. The website ___ a file about whales, and there are many photos in it. A. there is B. there are C. has D. have ★（ ）3. ___ more sandstorms in the desert this year, but Xiamen has clean beaches. A. It has B. There are C. They have D. We have 考点3：provide sb. with sth. 与 provide sth. for sb.（双宾语介词） 【易错点睛】provide 接双宾语有两种固定搭配：provide + 人 + with + 物；provide + 物 + for + 人。记牢“人 with 物 for”。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The Earth provides us ___ air, water and food. A. with B. for C. to D. of ◇（ ）2. Trees provide shade ___ us in summer. A. with B. for C. to D. on ◇（ ）3. Our school provides students ___ free lunch. A. for B. with C. to D. about ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. The river provides clean water ___ the animals in the forest. A. with B. for C. to D. on ▶（ ）2. Olivia’s family provides food ___ the homeless birds. A. with B. for C. to D. at ▶（ ）3. The sun provides light and heat ___ all living things. A. with B. for C. to D. of ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. The Earth provides all the things we need ___ us, such as food and energy. A. with B. for C. to D. of ★（ ）2. The government provides money ___ the scientists to explore the desert. A. with B. for C. to D. of ★（ ）3. The sea provides fresh water ___ the people in Xiamen. A. with B. for C. to D. on 考点4：可数与不可数名词的判定及 There be 搭配 【易错点睛】本单元 pollution, air, water, plastic, energy 为不可数名词，无复数、不用 a/an；animal, metre, plant, butterfly, whale 为可数名词，复数加 -s。There be 中 be 随名词单复数 / 不可数变化。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. There are many ___ in the sea near Wuhan. A. pollution B. pollutions C. whale D. whales ◇（ ）2. Lily should drink clean ___ every day. A. waters B. water C. airs D. energies ◇（ ）3. The Earth gives us air, ___ and food. A. waters B. water C. pollutions D. energies ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. There are many ___ in the forest of Kunming. A. butterfly B. butterflies C. pollution D. water ▶（ ）2. The tallest tree can reach over 100 ___ in height. A. metre B. metres C. water D. pollution ▶（ ）3. Too much ___ is harmful to the fish in the sea. A. plastics B. plastic C. animal D. plant ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. As we know, ___ is one of the biggest problems for the Earth. A. pollutions B. pollution C. animal D. whale ★（ ）2. There are millions of ___ on the Earth, but some are disappearing. A. animal B. animals C. water D. air ★（ ）3. We must save every ___ because it is home to many insects. A. plants B. plant C. pollutions D. waters 考点5：as … as … 同级比较（原级，否定 not as / so … as） 【易错点睛】as + 形容词原级 + as 表示“和……一样……”；否定用 not as / so + 原级 + as，意为“不如……”。不可用 than。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The smallest plant is ___ small ___ a grain of rice. A. as; as B. so; as C. as; than D. more; than ◇（ ）2. The blue whale is ___ big ___ a bus. Jam saw one in the ocean. A. so; that B. as; as C. more; than D. as; than ◇（ ）3. This river is not ___ wide ___ that one. A. as; as B. more; than C. as; than D. so; that ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. The mountain in Qingdao is ___ high ___ the one in Wuhan. A. as; as B. more; than C. so; that D. as; than ▶（ ）2. The desert is ___ dry ___ the forest is wet. A. more; than B. as; as C. so; that D. as; than ▶（ ）3. The weather in Xiamen is not ___ cold ___ in the north. A. as; as B. more; than C. as; than D. so; that ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. The Earth is ___ beautiful ___ a painting in the museum. A. as; as B. more; than C. so; that D. as; than ★（ ）2. The problem is not ___ easy ___ we thought. A. as; as B. more; than C. as; than D. so; that ★（ ）3. A grain of rice is ___ small ___ a seed from the desert. A. more; than B. as; as C. so; that D. as; than 考点6：形容词最高级（the + 最高级 + 比较范围） 【易错点睛】最高级前通常加 the，后接比较范围（in the world / on Earth）。规则：tall→tallest, high→highest, small→smallest；多音节词加 most，如 the most amazing。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The ___ trees in the world can reach over 100 metres. A. tallest B. tall C. taller D. most tall ◇（ ）2. The ___ mountain on Earth is over 8,800 metres above sea level. A. high B. highest C. higher D. most high ◇（ ）3. The ___ plant is as small as a grain of rice. A. smaller B. small C. smallest D. most small ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. The blue whale is ___ animal in the ocean. A. more amazing B. amazing C. most amazing D. the most amazing ▶（ ）2. The panda is ___ animal in China to protect. A. the most amazing B. more amazing C. amazing D. most amazing ▶（ ）3. ___ mountain in Wuhan is about 1,500 metres high, Zhang Hao said. A. Higher B. High C. Most high D. The highest ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. As far as we know, the Earth is ___ planet in the solar system. A. amazing B. more amazing C. the most amazing D. most amazing ★（ ）2. The ___ tree in Xiamen’s forest is over 80 metres. A. taller B. most tall C. tall D. the tallest ★（ ）3. Of all the cities, Jinan has ___ mountain in the area. A. higher B. most high C. high D. the highest 考点7：like 作介词“比如 / 像”与动词“喜欢”的区分 【易错点睛】like 作介词“比如、像”时，无词形变化（永远 like）；作动词“喜欢”时，需随主语变形（like / likes / liking）。看它在句中的作用判断。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Some places are very hot, ___ the areas near the equator. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ◇（ ）2. Olivia ___ the amazing planet and wants to protect it. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ◇（ ）3. There are many animals, ___ whales and butterflies. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. Chen Wei ___ exploring the desert, but it is freezing cold there. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ▶（ ）2. The Earth has different areas, ___ forests and deserts. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ▶（ ）3. They ___ taking care of the small animals in the park. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. The weather in the north is very cold, ___ the weather at the South Pole. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ★（ ）2. Bella ___ reading files about the solar system on the website. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ★（ ）3. Zhou Kai ___ the wide ocean and the small fish in it. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked 考点8：be home to / be harmful to 中 to 为介词 【易错点睛】be home to（是……的家园）、be harmful to（对……有害）中的 to 是介词，后接名词 / 代词，不能用 of / for 替换。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The Earth is home ___ millions of animals. A. of B. for C. with D. to ◇（ ）2. Plastic pollution is harmful ___ the fish in the sea. A. of B. for C. to D. with ◇（ ）3. Too much chemical is harmful ___ our groundwater. A. with B. of C. for D. to ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. The forest is home ___ many birds and butterflies. A. for B. with C. to D. of ▶（ ）2. Burning oil is harmful ___ the air we breathe. A. with B. of C. to D. for ▶（ ）3. The river is home ___ different kinds of fish. A. with B. of C. for D. to ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. As we know, the ocean is home ___ countless small plants. A. with B. of C. to D. for ★（ ）2. Sandstorms are harmful ___ the people in the desert area. A. of B. for C. to D. with ★（ ）3. Qingdao is home ___ many amazing sea animals. A. of B. for C. with D. to 考点9：hundreds of / millions of 与具体数字的区别 【易错点睛】具体数字（two / five / three）+ hundred / million 用单数，不加 of；表示约数用 hundreds / millions + of（复数形式）。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The Earth is home to ___ animals. A. million of B. millions of C. two million of D. two millions ◇（ ）2. There are ___ stars in the sky. A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. five hundred of D. five hundreds ◇（ ）3. We can see ___ birds in the forest of Xiamen. A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. three hundred of D. three hundreds ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. There are two ___ people in the city of Wuhan. A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of ▶（ ）2. The library has five ___ files about the planet. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of ▶（ ）3. ___ of students joined the Beach Clean-up Day in Jinan. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Two hundred D. Two hundreds ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. They found three ___ kinds of butterflies in the area. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of ★（ ）2. The website shows ___ of photos of the Earth. A. million B. millions C. one million D. one millions ★（ ）3. There are two ___ whales in the ocean near Qingdao. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 考点10：take care of / put … into … / end up in 单元短语辨析 【易错点睛】take care of 照料；put … into … 把……放入……；end up in 最终进入 / 到头来。三者均为单元固定短语，需整体记忆、不可拆换。 ◆ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. We should ___ our planet and protect it. A. take care of B. end up in C. put into D. be home to ◇（ ）2. Please ___ the rubbish ___ the bin. A. take care of B. end up in C. put; into D. be harmful to ◇（ ）3. If we don’t act, the plastic will ___ the sea. A. take care of B. end up in C. put into D. be home to ▶ 提升题（选择题） ▶（ ）1. Let’s ___ the small animals and their homes. A. end up in B. take care of C. put into D. be harmful to ▶（ ）2. The bottles ___ the river at last. A. took care of B. ended up in C. put into D. were home to ▶（ ）3. Olivia ___ the old books ___ the box. A. took care of B. ended up in C. put; into D. was home to ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. As a generation, we must ___ the Earth for our children. A. end up in B. take care of C. put into D. be harmful to ★（ ）2. If we throw plastic away, it will ___ the ocean and harm whales. A. take care of B. end up in C. put into D. be home to ★（ ）3. They ___ the recyclable waste ___ the right bin in Wuhan. A. took care of B. ended up in C. put; into D. were home to 附：详细参考解析 【考点1】There be 句型主谓一致（就近原则） 基础题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】“a big tree”是单数且最靠近 be，用 is。 2. 【答案】D 【解析】“two bottles”是复数且最靠近 be，用 are。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】“pollution”不可数，be 用 Is。 提升题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】“a whale”单数最靠近 be，用 is。 2. 【答案】D 【解析】“groundwater”不可数最靠近 be，用 is。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】“a butterfly”单数最靠近 be，用 is。 拓展题 1. 【答案】D 【解析】“only one planet”单数，用 is。 2. 【答案】D 【解析】“a lot of sandstorms”复数最靠近 be，用 are。 3. 【答案】D 【解析】“more and more plastic”不可数，用 is。 【考点2】There be 与 have / has 的区别（存在 vs 拥有） 基础题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】表示“太阳系里存在一颗行星”，用 There is。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】“地球拥有……”表所属，主语单数用 has。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】表示“海滩上存在许多瓶子”，用 There are。 提升题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】“存在一片沙漠”，就近用 There is。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】“Chen Wei 拥有……”，主语单数用 has。 3. 【答案】C 【解析】“存在不可数的废物”，用 Is there 提问。 拓展题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】“存在唯一的地球”，用 there is。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】“网站拥有档案”，主语单数用 has。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】“存在更多沙暴”，复数用 There are。 【考点3】provide sb. with sth. 与 provide sth. for sb.（双宾语介词） 基础题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】“provide + 人 + with + 物”，填 with。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】“provide + 物 + for + 人”，填 for。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】“provide + 人 + with + 物”，填 with。 提升题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】“provide + 物 + for + 人”，填 for。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】“provide + 物 + for + 人”，填 for。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】“provide + 物 + for + 人”，填 for。 拓展题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】“provide + 物 + for + 人”，填 for。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】“provide + 物 + for + 人”，填 for。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】“provide + 物 + for + 人”，填 for。 【考点4】可数与不可数名词的判定及 There be 搭配 基础题 1. 【答案】D 【解析】“many + 可数复数”，whale 复数为 whales。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】water 不可数，无复数。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】water 不可数，与 air、food 并列。 提升题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】many 后接可数复数 butterflies。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】metre 可数，100 后接 metres。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】plastic 不可数，too much 后接不可数。 拓展题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】pollution 不可数，无复数。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】millions of 后接可数复数 animals。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】every 后接可数单数 plant。 【考点5】as … as … 同级比较（原级，否定 not as / so … as） 基础题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】肯定同级比较用 as … as。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】“和公交车一样大”，用 as … as。 3. 【答案】A 【解析】否定同级比较用 not as … as。 提升题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】肯定同级比较用 as … as。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】“和森林一样干”，用 as … as。 3. 【答案】A 【解析】否定同级比较用 not as … as。 拓展题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】“和画作一样美”，用 as … as。 2. 【答案】A 【解析】否定同级比较用 not as … as。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】“和种子一样小”，用 as … as。 【考点6】形容词最高级（the + 最高级 + 比较范围） 基础题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】“最高的树”用最高级 tallest，加 the。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】“最高的山”用最高级 highest。 3. 【答案】C 【解析】“最小的植物”用最高级 smallest。 提升题 1. 【答案】D 【解析】“最令人惊奇的”用 the most amazing。 2. 【答案】A 【解析】最高级前加 the：the most amazing。 3. 【答案】D 【解析】“最高的山”用 The highest。 拓展题 1. 【答案】C 【解析】最高级前必须有 the。 2. 【答案】D 【解析】“最高的树”用 the tallest。 3. 【答案】D 【解析】“最高的山”用 the highest。 【考点7】like 作介词“比如 / 像”与动词“喜欢”的区分 基础题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】此处 like 是介词“比如”，无词形变化。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】此处 like 是动词“喜欢”，主语单数用 likes。 3. 【答案】A 【解析】like 作介词“比如”，用 like。 提升题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】like 作动词“喜欢”，主语单数用 likes。 2. 【答案】A 【解析】like 作介词“比如”，用 like。 3. 【答案】A 【解析】like 作动词，主语 They 用 like。 拓展题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】like 作介词“比如”，用 like。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】like 作动词，主语单数用 likes。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】like 作动词，主语单数用 likes。 【考点8】be home to / be harmful to 中 to 为介词 基础题 1. 【答案】D 【解析】固定搭配 be home to，填 to。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配 be harmful to，填 to。 3. 【答案】D 【解析】be harmful to 后接 to。 提升题 1. 【答案】C 【解析】be home to 后接 to。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】be harmful to 后接 to。 3. 【答案】D 【解析】be home to 后接 to。 拓展题 1. 【答案】C 【解析】be home to 后接 to。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】be harmful to 后接 to。 3. 【答案】D 【解析】be home to 后接 to。 【考点9】hundreds of / millions of 与具体数字的区别 基础题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】约数“数百万”用 millions of。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】约数“数百”用 hundreds of。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】约数“数百”用 hundreds of。 提升题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】具体数字 two 后 hundred / million 用单数。 2. 【答案】A 【解析】具体数字 five 后 hundred 用单数。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】约数“数百”用 Hundreds of。 拓展题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】具体数字 three 后 hundred 用单数。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】约数“数百万”用 millions of。 3. 【答案】A 【解析】具体数字 two 后 hundred 用单数。 【考点10】take care of / put … into … / end up in 单元短语辨析 基础题 1. 【答案】A 【解析】“照料地球”用 take care of。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】“把垃圾放进桶”用 put … into …。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】“最终进入海洋”用 end up in。 提升题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】“照料小动物”用 take care of。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】“最终进入河流”用 ended up in。 3. 【答案】C 【解析】“把书放进盒子”用 put … into …。 拓展题 1. 【答案】B 【解析】“照料地球”用 take care of。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】“最终进入海洋”用 end up in。 3. 【答案】C 【解析】“把废物放进桶”用 put … into …。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $