Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature (Period 5)Section B (2a-Reflecting)同步练2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 4新授课同步练，围绕自然主题，通过基础理解、语篇衔接、综合运用三层设计，实现从单一技能到语篇综合的能力递进，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础理解层|细节理解、代词指代等单一技能|阅读理解A（1-5题），直接信息提取，如第1题考查面积细节| |语篇衔接层|上下文逻辑与语篇结构|阅读理解B（6-10题），七选五补全语篇，如第8题关联动植物依存关系| |综合运用层|词汇辨析、语法应用与文化认知|完形填空（11-20题），中国自然文化情境（西湖、龙井茶），如第13题考查文化发源地词汇|

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature (Period 5) Section B (2a-Reflecting) Ⅰ．阅读理解。 A The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. This is almost the size of America or China. The desert covers eleven countries in the north of Africa. The Nile runs through the Sahara Desert all year round. But there are also other rivers running through it seasonally (季节性地). The geography of the desert includes huge sand dunes (沙丘) and dune fields. Some of the sand dunes are so huge that they can even be over 152 metres high. But there are also other amazing landforms (地形) in different parts of the desert. It is very hot and dry in the Sahara Desert. The temperature there is usually 30℃. However, during the hottest months, the temperature can go over 50℃. Because of the high temperatures and poor conditions of the desert, only a few plants live here, just about 500 kinds. They also play a role in the number of animals. In the driest part of the desert, there are only 70 different kinds of animals. Today the Sahara’s population is around four million. They move from place to place through the desert. Because of this there are many different cultures and languages in this area. 1．What can we know about the Sahara Desert from the first paragraph? A. It is the same as America in size. B. It is almost as big as China. C. It is about 900,000 square kilometres in size. D. It covers eleven countries in the south of Africa. 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A. High temperatures and poor conditions. B. Some plants and animals. C. Huge dunes and dune fields. D. Languages and cultures. 3．What can’t we know about the Sahara Desert from the passage? A. Its size. B. Its landforms. C. Its temperatures. D. Its future. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A. There is no water in the Sahara Desert. B. Only the Nile goes through the desert. C. There are only seventy different kinds of plants living there. D. The Sahara area is rich in cultures and languages. 5．Where can we find the passage most probably? A. In a storybook. B. In a sports magazine. C. In a geography book. D. In a health newspaper. B 阅读短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，每个选项只能用一次。 Today, too many trees are still being cut down in many countries and floods all over the world are getting more and more serious. A lot of land has gone with them. ____6____ When people move into a new place, they often cut down trees or pull out many wild plants to make farmland. ____7____ They also don’t know that trees can stop floods and the wind from washing or blowing the earth away, or that many of these wild plants are food for some wild animals. ____8____ In one part of the United States, for example, the deer (鹿) there like to eat a kind of wild flower. The mountain tigers there eat the deer. But people killed many mountain tigers to protect the deer. Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild flowers. Then the deer began to eat the green leaves of the young trees. ____9____ Now the deer had nothing to eat and many of them died. The number of trees, deer, tigers, wild flowers and plants has changed much—less and less. We need to do more to keep the balance (平衡) of nature. Now more “Great Green Walls” are needed to save a lot of land and wild animals all over the world. People try to plant many more trees and grass, to protect wild plants and all kinds of wild animals, even tigers. ____10____ A．Maybe they think they cannot eat trees or grass. B．This is a lesson from nature. C．People came to understand: To protect all living things on the earth means protecting people themselves. D．So the farmers thought of ways to protect their trees. E．If the animals cannot find enough plants to eat, they will starve (饿死) or have to leave the place. 6．__________ 7．__________ 8．__________ 9．__________ 10．__________ Ⅱ．完形填空。 China is a great country with a history of more than 5,000 years. There are many places of interest. They attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year. Many mountains，such as Mount Tai，Mount Emei，Mount Hua are very famous. People like going to Mount Tai to ____11____ the sunrise. There are many rivers in China. The Yangtze River is the longest one and the second ____12____ one is the Yellow River. They are the ____13____ of Chinese culture because Chinese ancestors were born in the areas. ____14____ the rivers in China，there are also a great number of lakes. One of the most famous lakes is the West Lake. Have you heard of the story about Xu Xian and the White Snake? It is said that the story ____15____ on the West Lake. The West Lake is the best place that I have ever visited. It lies in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province. The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose ____16____ in it. The West Lake has become famous ____17____ not only its special scenery but some beautiful poems. The great poets Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo ____18____ plenty of poems. ____19____ the surrounding (周边的) area of the West Lake is the home of the famous Dragon Well Tea. The tea is good for people's health. Have you ever been to the West Lake? If not，look for a ____20____ to go to the fantastic place! 11．A．bring B．watch C．ask D．help 12．A．shortest B．highest C．longest D．widest 13．A．lights B．traditions C．backgrounds D．birthplaces 14．A．Thanks to B．Welcome to C．Compared to D．Next to 15．A．finished B．planted C．returned D．happened 16．A．itself B．ourselves C．themselves D．himself 17．A．for B．as C．with D．in 18．A．gave B．wrote C．made D．read 19．A．So B．But C．And D．Or 20．A．way B．project C．time D．chance 【参考答案】 1．【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据 “It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. This is almost the size of America or China.” 可知，撒哈拉沙漠的面积几乎相当于美国或中国的面积。因此，正确答案是B。 2．【答案】A 【解析】代词指代题。根据 “Because of the high temperatures and poor conditions of the desert, only a few plants live here, just about 500 kinds.” 可知，画线部分 “They” 指代的是前面提到的高温和恶劣的条件。因此，正确答案是A。 3．【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的面积，第二段介绍了它的地形，第三段介绍了它的温度，第四段介绍了该地区的人口、语言和文化，未提及它的未来。因此，正确答案是D。 4．【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 “Because of this there are many different cultures and languages in this area.” 可知，撒哈拉沙漠拥有丰富的文化和语言。因此，正确答案是D。 5．【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的相关内容，故推出我们最有可能在地理书上看到这篇文章。因此，正确答案是C。 6．【答案】B 【解析】根据上文“... floods all over the world are getting more and more serious. A lot of land has gone with them.”可知，因为人们滥砍滥伐，洪水越来越严重，许多土地也随之流失。最后一句应是对前面内容的总结：这是来自自然界的一次教训。因此，正确答案是B。 7．【答案】A 【解析】根据上文“... they often cut down trees or pull out many wild plants to make farmland.”和下文“They also don’t know that trees can stop floods ... many of these wild plants are food for some wild animals.”可知，正确答案是A。 8．【答案】E 【解析】根据上文“… or that many of these wild plants are food for some wild animals.”和下段中的“Now the deer had nothing to eat and many of them died.”可知，此处表示“如果动物找不到足够的植物吃，它们将会饿死或不得不离开这个地方”。因此，正确答案是E。 9．【答案】D 【解析】根据上文“Then the deer began to eat the green leaves of the young trees.”和下文“Now the deer had nothing to eat and many of them died.”可知，鹿没有东西吃，很多都饿死了，结合选项推断，鹿没有东西吃是因为人们开始想办法保护他们的树。因此，正确答案是D。 10.【答案】C 【解析】根据前面文章内容及最后一段的陈述“People try to plant many more trees and grass, to protect wild plants and all kinds of wild animals, even tigers.”可知，最后这一句是对全文中心思想的总结。因此，正确答案是C。 11．【答案】B 【解析】bring 带来；watch 观看；ask 询问；help 帮助。联系常识可知，此处指去泰山看日出。因此，正确答案是B。 12．【答案】C 【解析】shortest 最短的；highest 最高的；longest 最长的；widest 最宽的。根据 “the second ... one is the Yellow River” 可知，此处指黄河是第二长河。因此，正确答案是C。 13．【答案】D 【解析】light 灯；tradition 传统；background 背景；birthplace 发源地。根据 “because Chinese ancestors were born in the areas” 可知，这里是中国文化的发源地。因此，正确答案是D。 14．【答案】C 【解析】thanks to 多亏；welcome to 欢迎来到；compared to 与……相比；next to 挨着。根据 “... the rivers in China，there are also a great number of lakes.” 可知，相比于河流，中国还有大量的湖泊。因此，正确答案是C。 15．【答案】D 【解析】finish 完成；plant 种植；return 回来；happen 发生。联系语境可知，此处指故事发生在西湖上。因此，正确答案是D。 16．【答案】C 【解析】itself 它自己；ourselves 我们自己；themselves 他（她、它）们自己；himself 他自己。此处主语是 visitors，因此用反身代词 themselves。lose oneself in 表示 “沉浸、陶醉于……”。因此，正确答案是C。 17．【答案】A 【解析】根据 “The West Lake has become famous ... not only its special scenery ...” 可知，此处指西湖不仅因特别的景色而闻名。be famous for 意为 “因为……而闻名”。因此，正确答案是A。 18．【答案】B 【解析】give 给；write 写；make 制作；read 阅读。根据 “The great poets Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo” 可知，此处指诗人白居易和苏东坡写了很多诗。因此，正确答案是B。 19．【答案】C 【解析】so 所以；but 但是；and 而且；or 或者。根据 “The West Lake is the best place that I have ever visited.” 可知，西湖是游览圣地；根据 “... the surrounding area of the West Lake is the home of the famous Dragon Well Tea.” 可知，西湖周边地区盛产龙井茶，此处是表示递进关系，用连词 and。因此，正确答案是C。 20．【答案】D 【解析】way 方法；project 项目；time 时间；chance 机会。根据 “look for a ... to go to the fantastic place” 可知，此处指找个机会去西湖玩。因此，正确答案是D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $