Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature (Period 4)Section B (1a-1e)同步练 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦自然主题，分层设计科学，从基础理解到综合表达，强化语言能力与文化意识，适配单元复习需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础认知|细节理解与词汇运用|选择题（A篇1-5题）考查南极旅游细节，选词填空（11-20题）强化介词、动词等基础词汇| |能力提升|信息整合与表达|简答题（B篇6-9题）要求提取张掖地质公园形成过程等信息，培养语篇概括能力| |综合应用|跨文本主题关联|开放性问题（B篇10题）结合环保主题（南极、洞庭湖），渗透思维品质与文化意识|

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature (Period 4) Section B (1a-1e) Ⅰ．阅读理解。 A Antarctica (南极洲), the southernmost continent (大陆) on our planet, has become a more and more popular place for tourists to visit in recent years. Many travel companies now have special Antarctic tour plans. These tours usually begin from ports in South America, like Ushuaia in Argentina (阿根廷). On an Antarctic tour, tourists can see the really amazing beauty of huge icebergs. These icebergs have all kinds of shapes and sizes. The icy places go on and on, making a super magical view. Penguins are one of the cutest things to see. There are different kinds of penguins in Antarctica, such as the Emperor Penguin and the Adelie Penguin. Watching them walk in a funny way on the ice or swim nicely in the very cold water is something you'll never forget. But Antarctic tourism also has some problems. The environment in Antarctica is very fragile and can be easily hurt by a lot of tourists coming. For example, if too many people walk around, it might bother the home of local animals and plants. Also, the ships that take people there might accidentally leak (泄露) oil or other dirty things, and this could damage the sea life. So, while Antarctic tourism gives us a special chance to visit this faraway and wonderful place, it's very important that tourists and the travel companies do something to protect the environment. People should know how important it is to have tourism that doesn't harm the place when they think about going to Antarctica. Then, kids in the future can also enjoy the great things about Antarctica. 1．Where do Antarctic tours usually start from according to the passage? A．Ports in South Africa. B．Sydney in Australia. C．Ushuaia in Argentina. D．Inuvik in Canada. 2．What can people see on an Antarctic tour? A．Polar bears. B．Leaking oil. C．Arctic foxes. D．Penguins and icebergs. 3．What does the underlined word "fragile" mean in paragraph 3? A．Strong. B．Weak. C．Cold. D．Strange. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．To introduce the tour plans of Antarctica. B．To encourage more people to travel to Antarctica. C．To show the beauty and worries of Antarctic tourism. D．To show the amazing views in Antarctica. 5．What is the writer's attitude towards Antarctic tourism? A．Against it because it causes too many problems. B．Support it because it's fun. C．Hope to protect the environment during touring. D．Not care about it at all. B Are you a nature lover? Then you must visit Zhangye Geopark (地质公园) in China! It's recognized by UNESCO as one of the best geoparks in the world. Here, you can enjoy the beauty of the rainbow hills. They are low hills that look like waves and have many different colours, just like a rainbow! There is little grass growing on the land. When you see the hills from above, it's like you're looking at rainbows painted on the ground. You may wonder how these colourful hills came to be. Millions of years ago, this area was under a lake. Over time, rivers brought in sand and stones with different kinds of metal elements. These were left in layers at the bottom of the lake. Some layers were red, some were yellow, and others turned purple or blue. Later, as the climate became colder and drier, the lake dried up. Then, something amazing happened! The underground land began to rise up and push against each other. The layers of sandstone were lifted higher and higher. Through years of wind, sun, and rain, they formed the colourful hills we see today. June to September is the most wonderful time to visit. The mornings and evenings are cooler compared to daytime heat, giving you the perfect weather to enjoy the sunrise and sunset. Sunshine after a summer rain will make the colours even brighter and more beautiful. 6．What can you enjoy in Zhangye Geopark? _____________________________________________________________________ 7．What colours were the layers? _____________________________________________________________________ 8．How did the layers form the colourful hills we see today? _____________________________________________________________________ 9．When is the most wonderful time to visit the park? _____________________________________________________________________ 10．What do you think of Zhangye Geopark? _____________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ．选词填空。 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 of　come　size　protect　and　happy　improve　waste　provide　but　famous　on Have you ever been to Dongting Lake? It’s 11．________ for the name “800-li Dongting Lake”. Dongting Lake is in the northern part 12．________ Hunan Province. It is about 2,625 square kilometres in 13．________. It is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. Every year, thousands of tourists from all over the world 14．________ to Yueyang in order to enjoy the beautiful scenery around Dongting Lake. With the development of society, 15．________ Dongting Lake has become a hot topic. In fact, people in Yueyang are trying to 16．________ the environment of the lake. On the one hand, people set up East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve in 1982. It 17．________ a good place for birds and rare(珍稀的) animals. On the afternoon of 25th April, 2018, thousands of people saw birds flying in the sky 18．________ elk (麋鹿) eating grass in East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve. On the other hand, factories mustn’t pour 19．________ water into the lake. In this way, the water in the lake is very clean and many fishes are living in the clean water 20．________. Besides, colourful flowers come out and leaves turn green. Dongting Lake is our mother lake. Everyone in Yueyang should play a part in protecting it. 【参考答案】 1．【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据 “These tours usually begin from ports in South America, like Ushuaia in Argentina.” 可知，南极旅游通常从南美洲的港口出发，例如阿根廷的乌斯怀亚。因此，正确答案是C。 2．【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 “On an Antarctic tour, tourists can see the really amazing beauty of huge icebergs ... Penguins are one of the cutest things to see.” 可知，游客在南极旅游中可以看到冰山和企鹅。因此，正确答案是D。 3．【答案】B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据 “can be easily hurt by a lot of tourists coming” 可知，南极洲的环境很容易被大量游客破坏，说明它很脆弱，由此可推断 fragile 意为 “脆弱的”，与 weak 同义。因此，正确答案是B。 4．【答案】C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章既介绍了南极的美丽景色，也提到了旅游可能带来的环境问题，因此主要目的是展示南极旅游的美与忧。因此，正确答案是C。 5．【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据 “it’s very important that tourists and the travel companies do something to protect the environment” 可知，作者希望游客和旅游公司在旅游过程中保护环境。因此，正确答案是C。 6．【答案】The beauty of the rainbow hills. 【解析】根据 “Here，you can enjoy the beauty of the rainbow hills.” 可知，在张掖地质公园，你可以欣赏到彩虹山的美景。故可知答案。 7．【答案】Red, yellow, purple or blue. 【解析】根据 “Some layers were red, some were yellow, and others turned purple or blue.” 可知，颜色有红色、黄色、紫色或蓝色。故可知答案。 8．【答案】Through years of wind, sun and rain. 【解析】根据 “Through years of wind, sun, and rain, they formed the colourful hills we see today.” 可知，经过多年的风吹日晒雨淋，它们形成了我们今天看到的五彩斑斓的山丘。故可知答案。 9．【答案】From June to September. 【解析】根据 “June to September is the most wonderful time to visit.” 可知六月到九月是游览的最佳时间。故可知答案。 10．【答案】It is fantastic. 【解析】开放性题目，言之有理即可。 11．【答案】famous 【解析】句意：它以 “八百里洞庭湖” 而闻名。根据 “It’s ... for the name ‘800-li Dongting Lake’.” 以及所给单词可知，be famous for 意为 “因……而闻名”，符合题意。因此，正确答案是famous。 12．【答案】of 【解析】句意：洞庭湖在湖南省的北部。根据 “in the northern part ... Hunan Province” 以及所给单词可知，此处指的是 “湖南省的北部”，of 意为 “……的”。因此，正确答案是of。 13．【答案】size 【解析】句意：它的面积约为 2625 平方千米。in size 意为 “在大小上”，固定词组。因此，正确答案是size。 14．【答案】come 【解析】句意：每年都有成千上万来自世界各地的游客来到岳阳，欣赏洞庭湖周围的美景。根据 “Every year，thousands of tourists from all over the world ... to Yueyang in order to enjoy the beautiful scenery around Dongting Lake.” 以及所给单词可知，此处指的是 “来到了岳阳”，时态是一般现在时，主语是 “thousands of tourists”，因此此处用动词原形。因此，正确答案是come。 15．【答案】protecting 【解析】句意：随着社会的发展，保护洞庭湖已经成为一个热门话题。根据 “... Dongting Lake has become a hot topic” 以及所给单词可知，此处指的是 “保护洞庭湖”，此处用动词-ing形式 “protecting Dongting Lake” 作主语。因此，正确答案是protecting。 16．【答案】improve 【解析】句意：事实上，岳阳的人们正在努力改善湖泊的环境。根据 “... the environment of the lake” 以及所给单词可知，此处指的是 “改善湖泊的环境”，improve 意为 “改善”，与 to 构成不定式。因此，正确答案是improve。 17．【答案】provides 【解析】句意：它为鸟类和珍稀动物提供了一个好去处。根据 “It ... a good place for birds” 以及所给单词可知，此处指的是 “提供一个好去处”，主语是 It，句子时态是一般现在时，因此此处用动词的单数形式。因此，正确答案是provides。 18．【答案】and 【解析】句意：2018 年 4 月 25 日下午，数千人在东洞庭湖自然保护区看到鸟儿在天上飞，麋鹿在吃草。根据 “birds flying in the sky” 和 “elk eating grass” 以及所给单词可知，两者表示并列，因此此处用连词 and。因此，正确答案是and。 19．【答案】waste 【解析】句意：另一方面，工厂禁止把废水倒进湖里。根据 “... water into the lake” 以及所给单词可知，此处指的是 “废水”，waste 意为 “废弃的”，形容词作定语。因此，正确答案是waste。 20．【答案】happily 【解析】句意：这样，湖里的水非常干净，许多鱼快乐地生活在干净的水里。根据 “the water in the lake is very clean and many fishes are living in the clean water ...” 以及所给单词可知，此处指的是 “许多鱼快乐地生活在干净的水里”，此处用副词 happily “快乐地” 修饰动词。因此，正确答案是happily。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $