精品解析：广东广州市越秀区2025-2026学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

2025学年第二学期期末调研参考资料 高二年级英语学科 本调研资料共11页，满分120分。建议完成时间：120分钟。 注意事项： 1．作答前，学生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号和调研号填写在答题卡相应的位置上。用2B铅笔将调研号、座位号填涂在答题卡相应位置上。因调研没有听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，题目序号从“21”开始。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在调研资料上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．学生必须保持答题卡的整洁；调研结束后，将调研资料和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you are a science or history enthusiast looking for a unique adventure, these expert-led tours are perfect for you. Dinosaur Hunting in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia The vast Gobi Desert, one of the world’s top fossil research hotspots, holds countless prehistoric secrets. On this one-of-a-kind expedition, you will take part in fossil digging at key sites, with the rare chance to witness a groundbreaking discovery. The tour is led by expert Susannah Maidment, with professional support from the Mongolian Fossil Research Institute. Machu Picchu & the Science of the Inca, Peru Machu Picchu is just the beginning. On this tour, you will visit the iconic site twice and explore the lesser-known ruins of Waqrapukara freely. Through lectures and walking seminars with well-known Inca expert Dr Jacques Decoster, you will uncover the science and culture behind the ancient civilization. SURF & the Black Hills: Dark Matter Tour, US Head to the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF), a top lab 2 kilometres beneath South Dakota’s Black Hills. Watch scientists study neutrinos, dark matter and nuclear fusion (核聚变) up close. Experts will turn complex geology and biology into engaging stories for you. Tour Details Tour Name Date Price (per-person) Discount Information Dinosaur Hunting in the Gobi Desert 27 Aug — 8 Sep, 2026 £420 Book 4 months in advance: 10% off Machu Picchu & the Science of the Inca 13 — 21 Aug, 2026 £390 Group booking (≥4people): 8% off SURF & the Black Hills: Dark Matter Tour 21 — 27 Aug, 2026 £360 Early bird (book 4 months in advance): 5% off Important Notes All prices include accommodation, meals and guided activities, but exclude international flights. Bookings must be made 3 months in advance, and a 20% deposit is required to confirm your spot. Participants must be in good physical health, especially for the Gobi and Peru tours which involve hiking. 1. What distinguishes the Gobi Desert tour from the others? A. Exploring ancient ruins with a leading expert. B. Carrying out research in an underground facility. C. Studying geological features of desert landscapes. D. Uncovering prehistoric remains at actual dig sites. 2. What do the Gobi and Peru tours have in common? A. They both feature lectures by experts. B. They both last for more than ten days. C. They both require good physical health. D. They both offer discounts for group booking. 3. How much will a couple pay for the Dark Matter Tour with early booking? A. About £342. B. About £360. C. About £684. D. About £720. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍三款科普研学旅行，分别为蒙古戈壁恐龙挖掘、秘鲁印加遗址科考、美国地下实验室暗物质探索，附行程日期、票价折扣及预订、健康相关出行须知。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“On this one-of-a-kind expedition, you will take part in fossil digging at key sites, with the rare chance to witness a groundbreaking discovery. (在这次独一无二的探险中，你将参与在重要遗址进行化石挖掘，并有机会见证一项突破性的发现。)”可知，戈壁行程可实地挖掘史前化石遗迹，其余行程无该活动。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Participants must be in good physical health, especially for the Gobi and Peru tours which involve hiking. (参与者必须身体健康，尤其是参加戈壁和秘鲁之旅时，需具备徒步能力。)”可知，两个活动都需要良好的身体素质。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格Dark Matter Tour单人原价£360，以及“Early bird (book 4 months in advance): 5% off (早鸟优惠（提前4个月预订）：5%折扣)”可知，提前四月预订95折；两人总价：360×2×0.95=684 英镑。可知，提前预订，一对夫妇参加暗物质之旅需要支付约684英镑。 B At age four, I found a garden hidden underneath the kitchen floor, behind pieces of carpet. My eyes became glued to the roses blooming across my childhood landscape, filling me with joy and adventure. My passion and connection to gardens started at that moment. When spring arrived, I rushed outdoors, throwing myself on a fresh carpet of grass. Excited, I bounced to my feet and flipped somersaults (筋斗) before landing by my mother, who was busy breaking up the soil in the garden. I then sat beside her, playing with mud pies in the flower bed. When her work was done, she rewarded me with a glass of bittersweet lemonade. During my childhood, it seemed that the flowers from her gardens healed us from head to toe. In our last conversation before her death, mother encouraged me to go anywhere in the world that would make me happy. Since then, I have recreated her gardens through art worldwide, beautifying countless parks and courtyards. Gardening has taught me that planting a garden is the same as creating our lives. Every spring, you break up the soil and start anew. You clear out the dead leaves and roots of the winter. Then you add proper nutrients into the soil and keep the topsoil loose and fresh. You won’t get those beautiful blooms in life until you first do the work just right. When our gardens are balanced with care, we can harvest the beauty of living a life of grace. Gardens are full of magical wisdom. A caterpillar’s transformation comes with necessary struggle. Without this painful fight to break free from the confines of the cocoon (茧), the newly formed butterfly can’t strengthen its wings. Without such a battle, it can never take flight. The same is true for humans in the garden of hardship. Gardens cast their reflection into our lives. So nurture your talents and strengths, cultivate your garden for giving, and plant those seeds for the future. The garden is the world living deep inside of you. 4. What does paragraph 2 mainly describe? A. My delight in the garden. B. Mother’s care for my growth. C. My reflection on the garden. D. Mother’s devotion to the garden. 5. How was the author influenced by her mother? A. She planted flowers for public parks globally. B. She artistically reproduced her mother’s gardens. C. She became a professional gardener like her mother. D. She traveled worldwide to find her mother’s gardens. 6. Why does the author mention the butterfly’s struggle? A. To explain a natural growing trend. B. To emphasize the value of hardship. C. To describe the stages of insect growth. D. To highlight the beauty of transformation. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Art of Planting Seeds B. Gardens as Mirrors to Life C. The Passion for Gardening D. Mother’s Gardening Wisdom 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】作者回忆了童年时发现母亲花园的美好经历，讲述了母亲对自己的深远影响，并借花园与人生的类比，阐述了关于成长、坚韧与生活的深刻哲理。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“When spring arrived, I rushed outdoors, throwing myself on a fresh carpet of grass. Excited, I bounced to my feet and flipped somersaults (筋斗) before landing by my mother, who was busy breaking up the soil in the garden. I then sat beside her, playing with mud pies in the flower bed. When her work was done, she rewarded me with a glass of bittersweet lemonade. (当春天到来时，我冲到户外，扑倒在如新鲜地毯般的草地上。我兴奋地一跃而起，翻了几个筋斗，最后落在母亲身旁——她正在花园里忙着翻松土壤。然后我坐在她旁边，在花坛里玩泥巴派。等她干完活，她会奖励我一杯苦中带甜的柠檬水。)”可知，本段主要描写了作者在花园中玩耍、与母亲互动的快乐场景，表现了作者在花园中的愉悦与欣喜。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In our last conversation before her death, mother encouraged me to go anywhere in the world that would make me happy. Since then, I have recreated her gardens through art worldwide, beautifying countless parks and courtyards. (在母亲去世前的最后一次谈话中，她鼓励我去世界上任何能让我快乐的地方。从那以后，我通过艺术在世界各地重现了她的花园，美化了无数的公园和庭院。)”可知，母亲去世前鼓励作者去追寻快乐，此后作者通过艺术形式在世界各地重现了母亲的花园。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“A caterpillar’s transformation comes with necessary struggle. Without this painful fight to break free from the confines of the cocoon (茧), the newly formed butterfly can’t strengthen its wings. Without such a battle, it can never take flight. The same is true for humans in the garden of hardship. (毛毛虫的蜕变伴随着必要的挣扎。若没有摆脱茧中束缚的痛苦斗争，新生的蝴蝶便无法强化自己的翅膀。没有这样的战斗，它就永远无法展翅高飞。人类在苦难的花园中也是如此。)”可知，作者以蝴蝶破茧为喻，强调了艰难困苦对成长的必要性和价值。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。全文以花园为线索，将园艺与人生哲理紧密相连：花园映照生活，花园将其倒影投射进我们的生活，种植花园如同创造人生，苦难如同破茧成蝶。B项“Gardens as Mirrors to Life (花园是生活的镜子)”最能概括全文主旨，适合作标题。 C According to scientific research, the Taklamakan Desert in northwestern China has been a vast and barren wasteland for millions of years. But after decades of ecological engineering, its edges are slowly transforming. A study published in PNAS in January 2026 shows that during the wet season (July to September), carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels over the desert edge drop by about 3 ppm — a clear sign of a growing carbon sink. Vegetation cover there is increasing at an annual rate of 6.8 × 10⁻⁴ per year (a small but steady gain in green cover), and photosynthesis (光合作用) is rising as well. Importantly, the carbon absorption happens mainly along the desert’s edge, where water is more available, not deep inside the sand dunes (沙丘). However, planting trees in such a harsh, dry environment presents a significant long-term challenge. “Desert projects need to be sustainable,” says atmospheric physicist King-Fai Li of the University of California, Riverside, who led the study. “They need to be planned for the long term and contribute to climate change reduction.” He also warns that “We’re not going to solve the climate crisis by planting trees in deserts alone.” This is because over the past few decades, human activity and climate change have caused dramatic growth of deserts, damaging local agriculture. In response, China began a major shelter belt program in 1978, with plans extending to 2050. The conservation efforts aim to increase forest cover, fight sandstorms, and turn desert edges into carbon sinks. These afforestation projects also reduce wind erosion (风蚀) and protect local farms. Li and his team suggest that the success in the Taklamakan — though limited to its edges — could serve as a model for other extreme dry landscapes around the world. They stress that careful planning, sufficient water resources, and patience are essential. With these conditions, even the most barren lands can play a supporting role in the global effort against climate change. 8. What does the PNAS study suggest about the desert’s edge? A. Its carbon absorption has been increasing. B. Its vegetation cover is expanding alarmingly. C. Its role as a carbon source has grown rapidly. D. Its CO₂ level is on the rise during rainy days. 9. What is King-Fai Li’s attitude toward planting trees in deserts? A. Critical. B. Cautious. C. Opposed. D. Dismissive. 10. What can be inferred about the shelterbelt program? A. It focuses on protecting deep desert areas. B. It was designed to support the PNAS study. C. It is planned to gain benefits in the long run. D. It has failed to reduce the risk of sandstorms. 11. What does Li and his team’s statement focus on? A. The potential of the available model. B. The importance of adequate resources. C. The value of global efforts in planning. D. The limitations of the present approach. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘碳汇能力提升的研究成果，强调科学规划对干旱区生态治理的重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A study published in PNAS in January 2026 shows that during the wet season (July to September), carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels over the desert edge drop by about 3 ppm — a clear sign of a growing carbon sink.(2026年1月发表于《美国国家科学院院刊》的一项研究显示，在湿季（7月至9月），沙漠边缘的二氧化碳浓度下降约3ppm——这是碳汇持续增强的明确信号)”可知，沙漠边缘的碳吸收能力正在不断提升。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““Desert projects need to be sustainable,” says atmospheric physicist King-Fai Li of the University of California, Riverside, who led the study. “They need to be planned for the long term and contribute to climate change reduction.”(“沙漠工程需要具备可持续性，”牵头该项研究的加州大学河滨分校大气物理学家李景辉表示，“这类项目必须进行长远规划，并为减缓气候变化作出贡献。”)”可知，李景辉对沙漠植树持审慎态度。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“In response, China began a major shelter belt program in 1978, with plans extending to 2050. The conservation efforts aim to increase forest cover, fight sandstorms, and turn desert edges into carbon sinks.(为此，中国于1978年启动大型防护林工程，规划期延续至2050年。该保护行动旨在提升森林覆盖率、抵御沙尘暴，并将沙漠边缘转化为碳汇)”可知，防护林工程计划获取长期效益。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Li and his team suggest that the success in the Taklamakan — though limited to its edges — could serve as a model for other extreme dry landscapes around the world. They stress that careful planning, sufficient water resources, and patience are essential.(李及其团队指出，塔克拉玛干取得的成效——尽管局限于边缘区域——可为全球其他极端干旱地区提供范本。他们强调，周密规划、充足水资源及耐心缺一不可)”可知，李及其团队的陈述聚焦于现有模式的推广潜力。 D Scientists have found that when using artificial intelligence (AI) to solve problems, people tended to put too much faith in the quality of the answers, with the most experienced AI users doing so the most. As we become more AI-literate, the researchers expected participants to be better at interacting with AI systems and judging their performance. “Instead, our findings reveal a significant inability to assess one’s performance accurately when using AI,” said Robin Welsch, a computer scientist who co-authored the report. In the study, scientists gave 500 subjects logical reasoning tasks with half allowed to use ChatGPT. Both groups were later quizzed on both their AI literacy and how well they thought they performed. The reasons behind the findings are varied. Because AI users were usually satisfied with their answer after only one prompt, accepting the answer without further checking or confirmation, they can be said to have engaged in what Welsch calls cognitive offloading, examining the question with reduced reflection and approaching it in a more shallow way. Less engagement in our own reasoning, termed metacognitive monitoring, means we skip the usual feedback loops of critical thinking, which reduces our ability to judge our performance accurately. Even more revealing was the fact that we all overestimate our abilities when using AI, regardless of intelligence, with the gap between high and low-skill users shrinking. The team warned of several consequences as AI becomes more widespread. Firstly, metacognitive accuracy overall might suffer. As we rely more on results without rigorously questioning them, a trade-off emerges whereby user performance improves but an appreciation of how well we do with tasks declines. Without reflecting on results, error checking or deeper reasoning, we risk weakening our ability to find reliable information. What’s more, we may continue to overestimate our abilities while using AI, with the more AI-literate doing so even more, leading to more miscalculated decision-making and a loss of skills. One method the study suggests to arrest such decline is to have AI encourage further questioning from users through confidence scores or prompts like “How confident are you in this answer?” or “What might you have missed?” 12. How do skilled AI users typically act when using AI? A. They tend to question AI’s responses frequently. B. They excel at interacting with various AI systems. C. They challenge AI answers more than beginners do. D. They fail to judge their own performance accurately. 13. Which of the following situations best illustrates “cognitive offloading”? A. Reviewing notes before an exam to memorize facts. B. Double-checking answers with a portable calculator. C. Analyzing patient history before making a diagnosis. D. Following GPS directions without checking road signs. 14. What does the underlined word “trade-off” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Gain. B. Balance. C. Loss. D. Substitute. 15. What is the scientists’ major concern regarding widespread AI use? A. The gap between experienced and low-skill AI users is widening. B. AI use may weaken users’ ability to find any reliable information. C. Humans may lose their capacity for self-evaluation and critical thinking. D. Short-term performance improves at the cost of long-term memory skills. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍一项科学研究：人们使用人工智能解决问题时容易过度信赖AI给出的答案，尤其熟练使用者问题更加突出；由此产生认知卸载现象，人们逐步弱化独立思考、批判性思维以及自我评价能力，文末给出改善该问题的办法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists have found that when using artificial intelligence (AI) to solve problems, people tended to put too much faith in the quality of the answers, with the most experienced AI users doing so the most. (科学家发现，当使用人工智能（AI）解决问题时，人们往往过度信任答案的质量，其中经验最丰富的AI使用者最为明显。)”以及第二段“ “Instead, our findings reveal a significant inability to assess one’s performance accurately when using AI,” said Robin Welsch, a computer scientist who co-authored the report. (“相反，我们的研究结果表明，在使用人工智能时，人们很难准确评估自己的表现。”报告的合著者、计算机科学家罗宾·韦尔施表示。)”可知，熟练的AI用户恰恰无法准确判断自己的表现。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Because AI users were usually satisfied with their answer after only one prompt, accepting the answer without further checking or confirmation, they can be said to have engaged in what Welsch calls cognitive offloading, examining the question with reduced reflection and approaching it in a more shallow way. (因为AI用户通常在仅一次提示后就对答案感到满意，不进一步检查或确认就接受答案，他们可以说是进行了Welsch所说的认知卸载，以减少反思的方式审视问题，以更肤浅的方式处理。)”可知，“认知卸载”指不加反思地接受外部信息而不主动核实。D项“不查看路标就跟着GPS导航”正是不加思考地接受外部指引、缺乏主动验证的典型表现，最符合“认知卸载”的定义。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段“As we rely more on results without rigorously questioning them, a trade-off emerges whereby user performance improves but an appreciation of how well we do with tasks declines. (当我们更多地依赖结果而不严格质疑它们时，一个trade-off出现了：用户表现提高了，但对自己完成任务能力的认知却下降了。)”可知，这里描述的是一种得失之间的平衡——获得了短期性能提升，却失去了自我认知能力。“trade-off”意为“权衡、平衡”。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Firstly, metacognitive accuracy overall might suffer. (首先，整体上元认知准确性可能会受到影响。)”以及“Without reflecting on results, error checking or deeper reasoning, we risk weakening our ability to find reliable information. (不经过对结果的反思、错误检查或更深入的推理，我们有可能削弱寻找可靠信息的能力。)”，再结合全文核心观点——人们使用AI时减少批判性思考和自我反思，可知科学家最大的担忧是人类可能丧失自我评估和批判性思维的能力。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you think of personal time only as “not working,” you might be missing out on truly enriching experiences. While work requires discipline and training, free time should be easy and natural. We spend years preparing for our careers. ____16____ This belief suggests that while work demands discipline, free time is only for relaxation. ____17____ According to this famous philosopher, when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can reach our best selves. He believed that leisure is the foundation of culture. To achieve this, we must treat our free time with just as much seriousness as we do our careers. It is not just about “chilling out.” ____18____ When work becomes too hard, we often define leisure as complete inactivity. For instance, a tired businessman might want to sit on a beach and do nothing. ____19____ He believed that leisure is not just a break from work. He said the opposite of true leisure is actually mental laziness. For him, leisure means having an open mind and looking at the world with deep interest and care. True leisure is the work you do for yourself without the economic pressure to earn money. ____20____ Instead, it involves meaningful and deep experiences. These can be enjoying great art, learning new ideas, and staying close to nature. By choosing these meaningful activities, we can use our free time well and become wiser, more effective, and happier individuals. A. Josef Pieper rejected this way of thinking. B. However, Josef Pieper, had a very different idea. C. Yet there is no such thing as a “School of Leisure”. D. It is about doing nothing and killing time aimlessly. E. Most people hold a wrong understanding of what leisure is. F. Instead, it is a valuable part of life that helps us grow and gain wisdom. G. It does not include mindless activities like scrolling through social media. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】文章探讨了人们对休闲时间的误解，介绍了哲学家约瑟夫·皮珀关于真正休闲的理念，强调休闲不是无所事事，而是一种有意义的、能促进个人成长和智慧的活动。 【16题详解】 上文“We spend years preparing for our careers. (我们花数年时间为职业做准备。)”说明人们为工作投入大量准备，下文“This belief suggests that while work demands discipline, free time is only for relaxation. (这种信念表明，虽然工作需要纪律，但空闲时间只是用来放松的。)”说明人们对休闲时间的简单理解。C项“Yet there is no such thing as a ‘School of Leisure’. (然而，并不存在所谓的‘休闲学校’。)”承上启下，既回应上文人们为工作做准备却不为休闲做准备的事实，又引出下文人们将休闲简单等同于放松的错误观念。 【17题详解】 上文提出人们认为休闲只是放松的观点，下文“According to this famous philosopher, when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can reach our best selves. (据这位著名哲学家所说，当我们正确理解并践行休闲的内涵时，我们就能成为最好的自己。)”介绍一位哲学家的不同观点。B项“However, Josef Pieper, had a very different idea. (然而，约瑟夫·皮珀有一个非常不同的想法。)”用However转折引出新观点，且“this famous philosopher”与下文的“According to this famous philosopher”形成指代呼应。 【18题详解】 上文“It is not just about 'chilling out'. (这不仅仅是‘放松’。)”说明休闲不只是放松，空格处应进一步说明休闲的真正含义。F项“Instead, it is a valuable part of life that helps us grow and gain wisdom. (相反，它是生活中有价值的一部分，帮助我们成长和获得智慧。)”用Instead承接上文，进一步阐述休闲的积极意义，与上文“not just about chilling out”形成对比递进。 【19题详解】 上文“For instance, a tired businessman might want to sit on a beach and do nothing. (例如，一个疲惫的商人可能想坐在海滩上什么都不做。)”描述了人们将休闲等同于完全不活动的做法，下文“He believed that leisure is not just a break from work. (他认为休闲不仅仅是工作之余的休息。)”说明这位哲学家反对这种观点。A项“Josef Pieper rejected this way of thinking. (约瑟夫·皮珀拒绝了这种思维方式。)”承上启下，rejected this way of thinking指代上文将休闲等同于什么都不做的想法，He指代Josef Pieper，与下文一致。 【20题详解】 上文“True leisure is the work you do for yourself without the economic pressure to earn money. (真正的休闲是你无需承受赚钱的经济压力、为自己做的事。)”定义了真正的休闲，下文“Instead, it involves meaningful and deep experiences. (相反，它涉及有意义和深刻的体验。)”用Instead说明休闲不包括无意义的活动。G项“It does not include mindless activities like scrolling through social media. (它不包括刷社交媒体这类无需动脑的漫无目的的活动。)”与下文的“Instead, it involves meaningful and deep experiences”形成“不是……而是……”的对照关系。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Emily, a 19-year-old girl from Maryland, USA, found out that her father had stage four cancer. Her ____21____ was a little different than you might expect. To ____22____ her father, who she also describes as her best friend, she decided to start a book drive called For Love and Care, ____23____ books for kids with cancer. “It was very much an ____24____ idea,” she explains. “I posted a message on an app asking my neighbors for donations of ____25____ books. It just felt like something I could try — a small step when I didn’t know what else to do. I was barely ____26____ a few here and there, but the response was truly ____27____ and it was just the push I needed to co-exist with my grief rather than letting it ____28____ me.” “It was absolutely heartbreaking to watch my dad ____29____ cancer and see him lose a little bit of himself each day, but the book drive allowed me to develop a newfound sense of ____30____ combined with an even greater sense of compassion to help kids. They’ve always held a ____31____ in my heart.” Using tips she earns from working at her parents’ bread shop, Emily has also bought many books out of her own pocket. In addition, she receives ____32____ through Your Wishlist, which can be found in the introduction to the book drive’s social media account, @forloveandcare. Emily and her older brother spent a whole summer driving around town, ____33____ boxes of books into their car. “It was such a privilege knowing people have carried these books all their lives through generations, and they wanted to ____34____ them to my cause.” The project has seen huge success, with For Love and Care donating over 15,000 books and being ____35____ by The Volunteer Service Award and Lady May’s Foundation. 21. A. sorrow B. response C. treatment D. anticipation 22. A. save B. comfort C. cure D. honor 23. A. collecting B. contributing C. purchasing D. distributing 24. A. ordinary B. innovative C. overnight D. obvious 25. A. new B. used C. reserved D. restored 26. A. showing B. posting C. expecting D. refusing 27. A. overwhelming B. discouraging C. shocking D. confusing 28. A. distract B. refresh C. transform D. consume 29. A. come down with B. go through C. recover from D. run away from 30. A. belonging B. satisfaction C. control D. purpose 31. A. soft spot B. firm belief C. sweet memory D. quiet corner 32. A. souvenirs B. comments C. donations D. orders 33. A. throwing B. loading C. conveying D. tying 34. A. gift B. lend C. deliver D. assign 35. A. informed B. remarked C. recognized D. urged 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述19岁的Emily在父亲罹患癌症后，通过发起名为“For Love and Care”的图书捐赠活动来致敬父亲，并为癌症儿童募集书籍的故事，展现了她在悲痛中寻找意义和力量的历程。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：她的反应可能与你预想的不同。A. sorrow悲伤；B. response反应；C. treatment治疗；D. anticipation预期。根据下文“she decided to start a book drive”可知，她面对父亲癌症的决定是发起图书活动，这是一种“反应”或“回应”。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：为了尊敬被她视作挚友的父亲，她决定发起一项名为“For Love and Care”的图书捐赠活动，为癌症儿童收集书籍。A. save拯救；B. comfort安慰；C. cure治愈；D. honor尊敬。根据下文“who she also describes as her best friend”可知，她认为父亲是她最好的朋友，所以此处说的是表达对父亲的尊敬。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：为了尊敬被她视作挚友的父亲，她决定发起一项名为“For Love and Care”的图书捐赠活动，为癌症儿童收集书籍。A. collecting收集；B. contributing贡献；C. purchasing购买；D. distributing分发。根据后文“asking my neighbors for donations”可知，她是在向邻居募集书籍，即“收集”书籍。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“这完全是一个临时起意的想法，”她解释道。A. ordinary普通的；B. innovative创新的；C. overnight一夜之间的，突然的；D. obvious明显的。根据下文“I posted a message on an app asking my neighbors for donations”和“a small step when I didn’t know what else to do”可知，这个想法并非精心策划，而是突然产生的。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我在一个应用程序上发了一条消息，请求邻居们捐赠旧书。A. new新的；B. used旧的，二手的；C. reserved保留的；D. restored修复的。根据后文“knowing people have carried these books all their lives through generations”可知，人们捐赠的是家里的旧书。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：我原本只期望能收到几本，但反响真的非常热烈，这恰恰是我需要的推动力，让我得以与悲伤共存，而不是被它吞噬。A. showing展示；B. posting张贴；C. expecting期望；D. refusing拒绝。根据后文“a few here and there”和“but the response was truly”可知，她起初对捐赠数量预期很低。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。A. overwhelming压倒性的，巨大的；B. discouraging令人沮丧的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据后文“the push I needed”以及最终捐赠超15000本书可知，反响是巨大的、积极的。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. distract分散；B. refresh使恢复；C. transform转变；D. consume吞噬，消耗。根据前文“rather than”和“grief”可知，此处表达不让悲伤完全控制自己。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：看着父亲经历癌症，看着他每天失去一部分自我，这绝对是令人心碎的，但图书捐赠活动让我找到了一种新的目标感，同时增强了对孩子们的同情心。A. come down with患上；B. go through经历；C. recover from恢复；D. run away from逃离。根据上文“stage four cancer”可知，父亲正在经历癌症治疗过程。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。A. belonging归属感；B. satisfaction满足感；C. control控制；D. purpose目标，意义。根据上文“rather than letting it me”可知，她通过行动找到了生活的意义。 【31题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：孩子们在我心中一直占有一席柔软之地（即我很关爱他们）。A. soft spot软肋，偏爱；B. firm belief坚定信念；C. sweet memory甜蜜回忆；D. quiet corner安静的角落。根据前文“compassion to help kids”可知，她对孩子有特别的关爱。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，她通过“Your Wishlist”平台收到捐赠，相关信息可查阅该图书捐赠（募集）活动的社交媒体账号 @forloveandcare 的介绍页面。A. souvenirs纪念品；B. comments评论；C. donations捐赠；D. orders订单。根据上文“she has also bought many books out of her own pocket”和下文“through Your Wishlist”可知，她通过该平台接收公众捐赠。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：Emily和她哥哥花了一整个夏天开车在镇上转悠，把一箱箱书装进车里。A. throwing扔；B. loading装载；C. conveying传达；D. tying系。根据后文“boxes of books into their car”可知，他们在把书装车。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：能够知道人们一代代地传承着这些书籍，实在是一种莫大的荣幸，他们想把这些书作为礼物捐赠给我的事业。A. gift赠送；B. lend借出；C. deliver递送；D. assign分配。根据后文“to my cause”可知，人们愿意把珍藏的书赠予她的公益项目。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：该项目取得了巨大成功，“For Love and Care”已捐赠超过15000本书，并获得了志愿者服务奖和Lady May基金会的认可。A. informed通知；B. remarked评论；C. recognized认可，表彰；D. urged敦促。根据后文“by The Volunteer Service Award and Lady May’s Foundation”可知，该项目获得了奖项和基金会的正式表彰。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most of our planet remains a mystery beneath the surface. The ocean covers most of the Earth, yet only 5% of it ____36____ (explore). Sea exploration helps us learn more about this huge, mysterious world under the waves. One key tool for sea exploration is the ROV, or Remotely Operated Vehicle. ROVs are small robots ____37____ (control) by people on a ship above. They have bright lights ____38____ (see) in the dark, cameras to take photos and videos, and even arms to pick up small objects. They also discover new sea creatures, ____39____ glowing fish that live in the dark deep sea. Exploring the deep ocean is not easy. The deep parts are very cold, almost ____40____ (freeze), and the pressure is so high it can crush a human. There’s no sunlight. That’s ____41____ we need tools like ROVs instead of sending people down ____42____ (direct). Even with ROVs, it takes a lot of time and money to explore these areas. We gain a lot from sea exploration. It helps us know how sea life survives in tough environments and understand ocean ____43____ (current) that influence global climate. With this knowledge, we can predict weather, guard coasts against storms, and reduce pollution ____44____ (harm) marine life. Sea exploration is important for our future. ____45____ the planet changes, the ocean plays a big role in keeping our climate stable. Every new discovery helps us understand our planet a little better. 【答案】36. has been explored 37. controlled 38. to see 39. like 40. freezing 41. why 42. directly 43. currents 44. harming 45. As 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了海洋探索的重要性、关键工具ROV（遥控潜水器）的功能、深海探索的困难以及海洋探索对人类未来的意义，强调了海洋在维持地球气候稳定中的重要作用。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：海洋覆盖了地球的大部分，然而只有5%的海洋被探索过。主语only 5% of it指代海洋，与explore之间是被动关系；结合语境，此处表示到目前为止的情况，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语视为单数，助动词用has。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：ROV是由船上的人操控的小型机器人。robots与control之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们有明亮的灯光在黑暗中看清东西，有相机拍摄照片和视频，甚至还有手臂来捡起小物件。此处表灯光的用途，用不定式作后置定语。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：它们还发现了新的海洋生物，比如生活在黑暗深海中的发光鱼类。此处举例说明new sea creatures，应用介词like，意为“比如，像”。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：深海部分非常寒冷，几乎是冰冻的。此处作表语，与cold并列，表示“冰冻的”，应用形容词freezing。 【41题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：那就是为什么我们需要像ROV这样的工具，而不是直接派人下去。That’s why...是固定句式，意为“那就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：那就是为什么我们需要像ROV这样的工具，而不是直接派人下去。修饰动词短语sending people down，应用副词directly作状语。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：它帮助我们了解海洋生物如何在恶劣环境中生存，并理解影响全球气候的洋流。current意为“洋流”时是可数名词，此处表示泛指多种洋流，应用复数形式。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：有了这些知识，我们可以预测天气，保护海岸免受风暴侵袭，并减少危害海洋生物的污染。pollution与harm之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：随着地球的变化，海洋在保持我们气候稳定方面发挥着重要作用。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”，应用连词as，句首首字母大写。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你曾参加上届“国际青少年职业生涯训练营”的志愿服务工作，近日获主办方邀请在本届活动的招募仪式上发言。请结合你的志愿者经历，写一篇英语发言稿，内容包括： 1．感谢邀请； 2．分享收获； 3．呼吁参加。 参考词汇：the International Youth Career Camp 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．文章的开头和结尾已经给出，请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Distinguished guests and fellow young friends, Good morning! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you all. 【答案】Distinguished guests and fellow young friends, Good morning! I’m really thankful to receive the invitation to make a speech here. Last year I worked as a volunteer for the International Youth Career Camp. While volunteering, I exchanged ideas with teenagers from different countries. Not only did I polish my communication skills, but I also formed a practical attitude towards future career choices. Moreover, I realized the importance of teamwork and self‑improvement. The camp offers precious chances for growth. I strongly advise you to join it and discover your inner potential. Never let this fantastic opportunity slip away. Thank you all. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，结合上届“国际青少年职业生涯训练营”的志愿服务经历，在本届活动招募仪式上写一篇英语发言稿，内容包括感谢邀请、分享收获和呼吁参加。 【详解】词汇积累 感激的：thankful → grateful 技能：skill → technique 选择：choice → option precious → valuable 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I strongly advise you to join it and discover your inner potential. 拓展句：I strongly advise you to join it, where you can discover your inner potential. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only did I polish my communication skills, but I also formed a practical attitude towards future career choices.（运用了not only...but also...的倒装结构） 【高分句型2】While volunteering, I exchanged ideas with teenagers from different countries. （运用while引导的时间状语从句的省略） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For as long as he could remember, Leo had been “the boy with no voice.” He heard everything — the robins tuning up at dawn, the wind combing through the pines behind his house, his mother humming soft and low while she stirred the soup. But whenever he tried to speak, the words stuck in his throat like stones. At school, his classmates had stopped laughing years ago. Now some of them just looked away when he opened his mouth, their eyes sliding past him as if waiting for him to disappear. That quiet, patient pity — it pressed down harder than any cruel joke ever had. Every evening, Leo’s mother sat with him at their old kitchen table. Its surface was scarred by homework and spilled milk, but her voice was always gentle. “Ca…t. Cat,” she would sound out, slow as honey. Leo watched her lips, studied the shape of each sound, and tried. Most days, only a defeated breath escaped. But once in a while — a rough, broken noise, not quite a word but something close. On those rare evenings, she would wrap her arms around him and whisper, “That’s my boy. One day, you’ll speak the whole sky.” One day after class, Mrs. Sanders, his English teacher, came up to him. Her eyes were kind but serious. “I’ve watched your eyes when you read, Leo,” she said. “You feel the music of words. That’s a kind of voice, too.” She handed him a letter about the school’s poetry contest. “One poem. Twelve lines. We’ll practice together — just you and me after school.” Leo said nothing. But he didn’t throw the letter away. For three weeks, Mrs. Sanders stayed late every single day. Progress came painfully slowly. Leo stumbled over the same syllables again and again, his face burning, his hands clenched. At times, frustration weighed heavily on them both. Yet each afternoon after school, Mrs. Sanders would be right there — sitting in the empty classroom, waiting patiently for him to try again. The night of the contest, Leo stood behind the heavy red curtain. Through a small gap, he saw the auditorium: hundreds of faces, all those eyes. His legs felt weak and unsteady, his heart pounding wildly against his chest and an urge to flee seized him instantly. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右。 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just at that moment he saw his mother in the front row. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the last syllable echoed through the hall, a silence fell. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Just at that moment he saw his mother in the front row. She smiled warmly and gave him a quiet thumbs-up, just like she did at their kitchen table. Her gaze swept away his fear, reminding him of all the slow practice they’d shared and Mrs. Sanders’ endless patience. Taking a deep breath, Leo stepped out from behind the curtain. He gripped his poem paper tightly, lips trembling, and began reciting line by line. His voice was rough and shaky, yet every word came out clear after weeks of hard training. When the last syllable echoed through the hall, a silence fell. Seconds later, warm applause burst out all over the auditorium. His mother wiped away happy tears while Mrs. Sanders nodded proudly. Leo stared at the crowd in shock, never expecting such sincere cheers. He finally understood he owned a true voice, not only in written poems but also in spoken words. All the painful attempts before had led him to this bright moment he’d long dreamed of. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了里奥从小难以开口说话，常因沉默被同学忽视。母亲每日耐心陪他练习发音，桑德斯老师鼓励他参加诗歌比赛并课后辅导。比赛当晚他十分胆怯，看到台下母亲后鼓起勇气登台朗诵。朗诵结束全场掌声雷动，他终于突破自我，拥有了属于自己的声音。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写比赛当晚他十分胆怯，看到台下母亲后鼓起勇气登台朗诵。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写朗诵结束全场掌声雷动，他终于突破自我，拥有了属于自己的声音。 2.续写线索：胆怯→看到母亲→鼓起勇气登台→朗诵结束→全场掌声→感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①颤抖：tremble/shiver ②拥有：own/possess 情绪类 ①真诚的：sincere/genuine ②快乐的：happy/joyful 【点睛】[高分句型1] Taking a deep breath, Leo stepped out from behind the curtain.(运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] He finally understood he owned a true voice, not only in written poems but also in spoken words.(运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第二学期期末调研参考资料 高二年级英语学科 本调研资料共11页，满分120分。建议完成时间：120分钟。 注意事项： 1．作答前，学生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号和调研号填写在答题卡相应的位置上。用2B铅笔将调研号、座位号填涂在答题卡相应位置上。因调研没有听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，题目序号从“21”开始。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在调研资料上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．学生必须保持答题卡的整洁；调研结束后，将调研资料和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you are a science or history enthusiast looking for a unique adventure, these expert-led tours are perfect for you. Dinosaur Hunting in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia The vast Gobi Desert, one of the world’s top fossil research hotspots, holds countless prehistoric secrets. On this one-of-a-kind expedition, you will take part in fossil digging at key sites, with the rare chance to witness a groundbreaking discovery. The tour is led by expert Susannah Maidment, with professional support from the Mongolian Fossil Research Institute. Machu Picchu & the Science of the Inca, Peru Machu Picchu is just the beginning. On this tour, you will visit the iconic site twice and explore the lesser-known ruins of Waqrapukara freely. Through lectures and walking seminars with well-known Inca expert Dr Jacques Decoster, you will uncover the science and culture behind the ancient civilization. SURF & the Black Hills: Dark Matter Tour, US Head to the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF), a top lab 2 kilometres beneath South Dakota’s Black Hills. Watch scientists study neutrinos, dark matter and nuclear fusion (核聚变) up close. Experts will turn complex geology and biology into engaging stories for you. Tour Details Tour Name Date Price (per-person) Discount Information Dinosaur Hunting in the Gobi Desert 27 Aug — 8 Sep, 2026 £420 Book 4 months in advance: 10% off Machu Picchu & the Science of the Inca 13 — 21 Aug, 2026 £390 Group booking (≥4people): 8% off SURF & the Black Hills: Dark Matter Tour 21 — 27 Aug, 2026 £360 Early bird (book 4 months in advance): 5% off Important Notes All prices include accommodation, meals and guided activities, but exclude international flights. Bookings must be made 3 months in advance, and a 20% deposit is required to confirm your spot. Participants must be in good physical health, especially for the Gobi and Peru tours which involve hiking. 1. What distinguishes the Gobi Desert tour from the others? A. Exploring ancient ruins with a leading expert. B. Carrying out research in an underground facility. C. Studying geological features of desert landscapes. D. Uncovering prehistoric remains at actual dig sites. 2. What do the Gobi and Peru tours have in common? A. They both feature lectures by experts. B. They both last for more than ten days. C. They both require good physical health. D. They both offer discounts for group booking. 3. How much will a couple pay for the Dark Matter Tour with early booking? A. About £342. B. About £360. C. About £684. D. About £720. B At age four, I found a garden hidden underneath the kitchen floor, behind pieces of carpet. My eyes became glued to the roses blooming across my childhood landscape, filling me with joy and adventure. My passion and connection to gardens started at that moment. When spring arrived, I rushed outdoors, throwing myself on a fresh carpet of grass. Excited, I bounced to my feet and flipped somersaults (筋斗) before landing by my mother, who was busy breaking up the soil in the garden. I then sat beside her, playing with mud pies in the flower bed. When her work was done, she rewarded me with a glass of bittersweet lemonade. During my childhood, it seemed that the flowers from her gardens healed us from head to toe. In our last conversation before her death, mother encouraged me to go anywhere in the world that would make me happy. Since then, I have recreated her gardens through art worldwide, beautifying countless parks and courtyards. Gardening has taught me that planting a garden is the same as creating our lives. Every spring, you break up the soil and start anew. You clear out the dead leaves and roots of the winter. Then you add proper nutrients into the soil and keep the topsoil loose and fresh. You won’t get those beautiful blooms in life until you first do the work just right. When our gardens are balanced with care, we can harvest the beauty of living a life of grace. Gardens are full of magical wisdom. A caterpillar’s transformation comes with necessary struggle. Without this painful fight to break free from the confines of the cocoon (茧), the newly formed butterfly can’t strengthen its wings. Without such a battle, it can never take flight. The same is true for humans in the garden of hardship. Gardens cast their reflection into our lives. So nurture your talents and strengths, cultivate your garden for giving, and plant those seeds for the future. The garden is the world living deep inside of you. 4. What does paragraph 2 mainly describe? A. My delight in the garden. B. Mother’s care for my growth. C. My reflection on the garden. D. Mother’s devotion to the garden. 5. How was the author influenced by her mother? A. She planted flowers for public parks globally. B. She artistically reproduced her mother’s gardens. C. She became a professional gardener like her mother. D. She traveled worldwide to find her mother’s gardens. 6. Why does the author mention the butterfly’s struggle? A. To explain a natural growing trend. B. To emphasize the value of hardship. C. To describe the stages of insect growth. D. To highlight the beauty of transformation. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Art of Planting Seeds B. Gardens as Mirrors to Life C. The Passion for Gardening D. Mother’s Gardening Wisdom C According to scientific research, the Taklamakan Desert in northwestern China has been a vast and barren wasteland for millions of years. But after decades of ecological engineering, its edges are slowly transforming. A study published in PNAS in January 2026 shows that during the wet season (July to September), carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels over the desert edge drop by about 3 ppm — a clear sign of a growing carbon sink. Vegetation cover there is increasing at an annual rate of 6.8 × 10⁻⁴ per year (a small but steady gain in green cover), and photosynthesis (光合作用) is rising as well. Importantly, the carbon absorption happens mainly along the desert’s edge, where water is more available, not deep inside the sand dunes (沙丘). However, planting trees in such a harsh, dry environment presents a significant long-term challenge. “Desert projects need to be sustainable,” says atmospheric physicist King-Fai Li of the University of California, Riverside, who led the study. “They need to be planned for the long term and contribute to climate change reduction.” He also warns that “We’re not going to solve the climate crisis by planting trees in deserts alone.” This is because over the past few decades, human activity and climate change have caused dramatic growth of deserts, damaging local agriculture. In response, China began a major shelter belt program in 1978, with plans extending to 2050. The conservation efforts aim to increase forest cover, fight sandstorms, and turn desert edges into carbon sinks. These afforestation projects also reduce wind erosion (风蚀) and protect local farms. Li and his team suggest that the success in the Taklamakan — though limited to its edges — could serve as a model for other extreme dry landscapes around the world. They stress that careful planning, sufficient water resources, and patience are essential. With these conditions, even the most barren lands can play a supporting role in the global effort against climate change. 8. What does the PNAS study suggest about the desert’s edge? A. Its carbon absorption has been increasing. B. Its vegetation cover is expanding alarmingly. C. Its role as a carbon source has grown rapidly. D. Its CO₂ level is on the rise during rainy days. 9. What is King-Fai Li’s attitude toward planting trees in deserts? A. Critical. B. Cautious. C. Opposed. D. Dismissive. 10. What can be inferred about the shelterbelt program? A. It focuses on protecting deep desert areas. B. It was designed to support the PNAS study. C. It is planned to gain benefits in the long run. D. It has failed to reduce the risk of sandstorms. 11. What does Li and his team’s statement focus on? A. The potential of the available model. B. The importance of adequate resources. C. The value of global efforts in planning. D. The limitations of the present approach. D Scientists have found that when using artificial intelligence (AI) to solve problems, people tended to put too much faith in the quality of the answers, with the most experienced AI users doing so the most. As we become more AI-literate, the researchers expected participants to be better at interacting with AI systems and judging their performance. “Instead, our findings reveal a significant inability to assess one’s performance accurately when using AI,” said Robin Welsch, a computer scientist who co-authored the report. In the study, scientists gave 500 subjects logical reasoning tasks with half allowed to use ChatGPT. Both groups were later quizzed on both their AI literacy and how well they thought they performed. The reasons behind the findings are varied. Because AI users were usually satisfied with their answer after only one prompt, accepting the answer without further checking or confirmation, they can be said to have engaged in what Welsch calls cognitive offloading, examining the question with reduced reflection and approaching it in a more shallow way. Less engagement in our own reasoning, termed metacognitive monitoring, means we skip the usual feedback loops of critical thinking, which reduces our ability to judge our performance accurately. Even more revealing was the fact that we all overestimate our abilities when using AI, regardless of intelligence, with the gap between high and low-skill users shrinking. The team warned of several consequences as AI becomes more widespread. Firstly, metacognitive accuracy overall might suffer. As we rely more on results without rigorously questioning them, a trade-off emerges whereby user performance improves but an appreciation of how well we do with tasks declines. Without reflecting on results, error checking or deeper reasoning, we risk weakening our ability to find reliable information. What’s more, we may continue to overestimate our abilities while using AI, with the more AI-literate doing so even more, leading to more miscalculated decision-making and a loss of skills. One method the study suggests to arrest such decline is to have AI encourage further questioning from users through confidence scores or prompts like “How confident are you in this answer?” or “What might you have missed?” 12. How do skilled AI users typically act when using AI? A. They tend to question AI’s responses frequently. B. They excel at interacting with various AI systems. C. They challenge AI answers more than beginners do. D. They fail to judge their own performance accurately. 13. Which of the following situations best illustrates “cognitive offloading”? A. Reviewing notes before an exam to memorize facts. B. Double-checking answers with a portable calculator. C. Analyzing patient history before making a diagnosis. D. Following GPS directions without checking road signs. 14. What does the underlined word “trade-off” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Gain. B. Balance. C. Loss. D. Substitute. 15. What is the scientists’ major concern regarding widespread AI use? A. The gap between experienced and low-skill AI users is widening. B. AI use may weaken users’ ability to find any reliable information. C. Humans may lose their capacity for self-evaluation and critical thinking. D. Short-term performance improves at the cost of long-term memory skills. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you think of personal time only as “not working,” you might be missing out on truly enriching experiences. While work requires discipline and training, free time should be easy and natural. We spend years preparing for our careers. ____16____ This belief suggests that while work demands discipline, free time is only for relaxation. ____17____ According to this famous philosopher, when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can reach our best selves. He believed that leisure is the foundation of culture. To achieve this, we must treat our free time with just as much seriousness as we do our careers. It is not just about “chilling out.” ____18____ When work becomes too hard, we often define leisure as complete inactivity. For instance, a tired businessman might want to sit on a beach and do nothing. ____19____ He believed that leisure is not just a break from work. He said the opposite of true leisure is actually mental laziness. For him, leisure means having an open mind and looking at the world with deep interest and care. True leisure is the work you do for yourself without the economic pressure to earn money. ____20____ Instead, it involves meaningful and deep experiences. These can be enjoying great art, learning new ideas, and staying close to nature. By choosing these meaningful activities, we can use our free time well and become wiser, more effective, and happier individuals. A. Josef Pieper rejected this way of thinking. B. However, Josef Pieper, had a very different idea. C. Yet there is no such thing as a “School of Leisure”. D. It is about doing nothing and killing time aimlessly. E. Most people hold a wrong understanding of what leisure is. F. Instead, it is a valuable part of life that helps us grow and gain wisdom. G. It does not include mindless activities like scrolling through social media. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Emily, a 19-year-old girl from Maryland, USA, found out that her father had stage four cancer. Her ____21____ was a little different than you might expect. To ____22____ her father, who she also describes as her best friend, she decided to start a book drive called For Love and Care, ____23____ books for kids with cancer. “It was very much an ____24____ idea,” she explains. “I posted a message on an app asking my neighbors for donations of ____25____ books. It just felt like something I could try — a small step when I didn’t know what else to do. I was barely ____26____ a few here and there, but the response was truly ____27____ and it was just the push I needed to co-exist with my grief rather than letting it ____28____ me.” “It was absolutely heartbreaking to watch my dad ____29____ cancer and see him lose a little bit of himself each day, but the book drive allowed me to develop a newfound sense of ____30____ combined with an even greater sense of compassion to help kids. They’ve always held a ____31____ in my heart.” Using tips she earns from working at her parents’ bread shop, Emily has also bought many books out of her own pocket. In addition, she receives ____32____ through Your Wishlist, which can be found in the introduction to the book drive’s social media account, @forloveandcare. Emily and her older brother spent a whole summer driving around town, ____33____ boxes of books into their car. “It was such a privilege knowing people have carried these books all their lives through generations, and they wanted to ____34____ them to my cause.” The project has seen huge success, with For Love and Care donating over 15,000 books and being ____35____ by The Volunteer Service Award and Lady May’s Foundation. 21. A. sorrow B. response C. treatment D. anticipation 22. A. save B. comfort C. cure D. honor 23. A. collecting B. contributing C. purchasing D. distributing 24. A. ordinary B. innovative C. overnight D. obvious 25. A. new B. used C. reserved D. restored 26. A. showing B. posting C. expecting D. refusing 27. A. overwhelming B. discouraging C. shocking D. confusing 28. A. distract B. refresh C. transform D. consume 29. A. come down with B. go through C. recover from D. run away from 30. A. belonging B. satisfaction C. control D. purpose 31. A. soft spot B. firm belief C. sweet memory D. quiet corner 32. A. souvenirs B. comments C. donations D. orders 33. A. throwing B. loading C. conveying D. tying 34. A. gift B. lend C. deliver D. assign 35. A. informed B. remarked C. recognized D. urged 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most of our planet remains a mystery beneath the surface. The ocean covers most of the Earth, yet only 5% of it ____36____ (explore). Sea exploration helps us learn more about this huge, mysterious world under the waves. One key tool for sea exploration is the ROV, or Remotely Operated Vehicle. ROVs are small robots ____37____ (control) by people on a ship above. They have bright lights ____38____ (see) in the dark, cameras to take photos and videos, and even arms to pick up small objects. They also discover new sea creatures, ____39____ glowing fish that live in the dark deep sea. Exploring the deep ocean is not easy. The deep parts are very cold, almost ____40____ (freeze), and the pressure is so high it can crush a human. There’s no sunlight. That’s ____41____ we need tools like ROVs instead of sending people down ____42____ (direct). Even with ROVs, it takes a lot of time and money to explore these areas. We gain a lot from sea exploration. It helps us know how sea life survives in tough environments and understand ocean ____43____ (current) that influence global climate. With this knowledge, we can predict weather, guard coasts against storms, and reduce pollution ____44____ (harm) marine life. Sea exploration is important for our future. ____45____ the planet changes, the ocean plays a big role in keeping our climate stable. Every new discovery helps us understand our planet a little better. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你曾参加上届“国际青少年职业生涯训练营”的志愿服务工作，近日获主办方邀请在本届活动的招募仪式上发言。请结合你的志愿者经历，写一篇英语发言稿，内容包括： 1．感谢邀请； 2．分享收获； 3．呼吁参加。 参考词汇：the International Youth Career Camp 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．文章的开头和结尾已经给出，请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Distinguished guests and fellow young friends, Good morning! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you all. 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For as long as he could remember, Leo had been “the boy with no voice.” He heard everything — the robins tuning up at dawn, the wind combing through the pines behind his house, his mother humming soft and low while she stirred the soup. But whenever he tried to speak, the words stuck in his throat like stones. At school, his classmates had stopped laughing years ago. Now some of them just looked away when he opened his mouth, their eyes sliding past him as if waiting for him to disappear. That quiet, patient pity — it pressed down harder than any cruel joke ever had. Every evening, Leo’s mother sat with him at their old kitchen table. Its surface was scarred by homework and spilled milk, but her voice was always gentle. “Ca…t. Cat,” she would sound out, slow as honey. Leo watched her lips, studied the shape of each sound, and tried. Most days, only a defeated breath escaped. But once in a while — a rough, broken noise, not quite a word but something close. On those rare evenings, she would wrap her arms around him and whisper, “That’s my boy. One day, you’ll speak the whole sky.” One day after class, Mrs. Sanders, his English teacher, came up to him. Her eyes were kind but serious. “I’ve watched your eyes when you read, Leo,” she said. “You feel the music of words. That’s a kind of voice, too.” She handed him a letter about the school’s poetry contest. “One poem. Twelve lines. We’ll practice together — just you and me after school.” Leo said nothing. But he didn’t throw the letter away. For three weeks, Mrs. Sanders stayed late every single day. Progress came painfully slowly. Leo stumbled over the same syllables again and again, his face burning, his hands clenched. At times, frustration weighed heavily on them both. Yet each afternoon after school, Mrs. Sanders would be right there — sitting in the empty classroom, waiting patiently for him to try again. The night of the contest, Leo stood behind the heavy red curtain. Through a small gap, he saw the auditorium: hundreds of faces, all those eyes. His legs felt weak and unsteady, his heart pounding wildly against his chest and an urge to flee seized him instantly. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右。 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just at that moment he saw his mother in the front row. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the last syllable echoed through the hall, a silence fell. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $