Unit5语法被动语态2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦被动语态核心知识点，从主动与被动语态定义对比入手，系统梳理“be+动词过去分词”基本结构及中考四大必考时态（一般现在、过去、将来、含情态动词）的被动形式，通过步骤化方法讲解主动变被动转换，辅以特殊用法及无被动动词短语归纳，形成从基础到应用的完整学习支架。 资料以表格清晰呈现时态结构、标志词及例句，步骤化转换方法降低理解难度，多样化练习（单选、句型转换、填空）强化应用。通过结构化知识梳理提升学生语言能力，分类归纳特殊用法培养思维品质，分层练习助力课后查漏补缺，兼顾课中教学效率与学生自主学习需求。

被动语态 一、定义 主动语态:句子主语是动作的发出者,强调 “某人做某事”。 例:We plant trees. 我们种树。(we 发出 plant 动作) 被动语态:句子主语是动作的承受者,强调 “某物 / 某人被……”,不知道、不必说出动作发出者时优先使用。 例:Trees are planted. 树被种植。(trees 承受 plant 动作) 二、结构 be + 动词过去分词 (done) be 动词随时态、人称、单复数变化; 过去分词 done 形式固定不变。 中考四大必考被动时态表格 时态 被动结构 时间标志词 例句 一般现在时 am / is / are + done every day, often, usually Paper is made of wood. 一般过去时 was / were + done yesterday, last week, in 2020 The hospital was built last year. 一般将来时 will be + done tomorrow, next month, soon More books will be sent here. 含情态动词 被动 情态动词 (must/can/should) + be + done 无固定标志,表规定 / 能力 Homework must be finished on time. 三、主动语态变被动语态 步骤 1:宾语提前,作被动句主语 步骤 2:谓语动词改为对应时态的 be done 结构 步骤 3:原主语放末尾,加 by;不强调动作发出者时可省略 by 短语 例题:People grow rice in the south. 第一步:宾语 rice 提前作主语 第二步:grow 一般现在时被动 is grown 第三步:people by people(可省略) 改写:Rice is grown in the south (by people). 否定句、一般疑问句变化规则 否定:be /will/ 情态动词 + not + done The room isn’t cleaned every day. 疑问:把 be /will/ 情态动词提到句首 Is the room cleaned every day? 四、被动语态特殊用法 ①感官动词、使役动词被动还原 to 主动结构:see/hear/watch/make/let sb. do(不带 to) 被动结构:sb. be seen/made/heard to do(必须加 to) 例:We saw him enter the lab. He was seen to enter the lab. ②be used 三类固定被动短语 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 Knives are used to cut things. be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 used to do 过去常常(无被动) be used to doing 习惯于 ③双宾语变被动 带双宾语:give /send/teach /buy sb. sth. 两种被动改写: Sb. be given sth. / Sth. be given to sb. 例:He gave me a pen. I was given a pen. A pen was given to me. ④短语动词变被动,介词不能丢 :look after, take care of, listen to 例:The baby is looked after by her grandma. 五、无被动语态的动词 / 短语 ①不及物动词(后面不加宾语,无法变被动) happen 发生;take place 发生;appear 出现;arrive 到达;rise 上升 错:Great changes are taken place. 对:Great changes have taken place. ②表事物本身属性、特性,用主动表被动 sell well 畅销;wash well 好洗;write well 好写;sound 听起来;smell 闻起来 The cloth washes easily. 这种布料很好洗。 ③ 表拥有、适合、容纳类动词无被动 have, own, fit, hold, suit This room holds 50 people.(无被动) 练习 一.单项选择 1. Many trees _ every year to make our city more beautiful. A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted 2. This kind of car _ in China three years ago. A. produces B. produced C. is produced D. was produced 3. —Can we take photos in the museum? —No. Photos _ here. A. don’t allow B. aren’t allowed C. won’t allow D. weren’t allowed 4. A lot of new schools _ next year in poor villages. A. build B. will build C. are built D. will be built 5. Students _ to take mobile phones into our classroom. It’s the rule. A. don’t allow B. aren’t allowed C. won’t allow D. weren’t allowed 6. The little boy _ by his father to clean the room yesterday. A. made B. was made C. makes D. is made 7. —Who’s that girl in red? —She’s a student. She _ to speak English at the class meeting. A. asked B. was asked C. asks D. is asking 8. The letter _ to my mother tomorrow. Don’t worry. A. will send B. will be sent C. sends D. is sent 9. The problem _ at the class meeting yesterday afternoon. A. discussed B. is discussed C. was discussed D. will discuss 10. Paper _ by Cai Lun thousands of years ago. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 11. All the rules _ clearly before we start the game. 12. A. will explain B. will be explained C. explain D. are explaining 13. You _ to finish your homework before watching TV. 14. A. require B. are required C. required D. were required 15. The old man _ sing English songs at the party last week. 16. A. saw to B. was seen to C. saw D. was seen 17. More books _ for children in this library next term. 18. A. provide B. will provide C. will be provided D. are provided 二、句型转换 1. People grow oranges in the south of China.(改为被动语态) Oranges _ _ in the south of China. 2. Workers built the hospital in 2022.(改为被动语态) The hospital _ _ by workers in 2022. 3. We will hold a sports meeting next month.(改为被动语态) A sports meeting _ _ _ next month. 4. Teachers must take good care of students at school.(改为被动语态) Students _ _ good care of by teachers at school. 5. They saw him play basketball on the playground.(改为被动语态) He _ _ _ play basketball on the playground. 三、用括号内动词适当形式填空 1. English _ (speak) all over the world. 2. The bridge _ (build) two years ago. 3. All the homework _ (finish) before you go out tomorrow. 4. These flowers _ (water) every day by my grandma. 5. He _ (make) to get up early every morning by his parents. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $