精品解析：湖南长沙大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

绝密★启用前 2026年上学期高二期末考试 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、听力-选择题：本大题共20小题，共30分。 1.What will the speakers probably do? A. Use a new type of advertising. B. Go to Market Street. C. Hire new designers. 2.How did the man break his leg? A. He fell down while playing tennis. B. He had a climbing accident. C. He was hit by a car. 3.What is the man doing? A. Playing computer games. B. Taking a vocabulary test. C. Looking up words in a dictionary. 4.How will the speakers pay? A. They'll use coins. B. They'll use a card. C. They'll use a note. 5.What does the woman prefer to do this weekend? A. Visit a park. B. Watch a movie. C. See a football match. ​​​​​​​听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6.What is the man going to do? A. Employ a new worker. B. Meet the HR manager. C. Test the system. 7.What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Train the new workers. B. Learn more about the system. C. Attend a meeting. ​​​​​​​听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.What happened to the man as a kid? A. He was stuck in a lift. B. He fell down the stairs. C. He was bitten by an insect. 9.What can we learn about the woman? A. She finds lifts fascinating. B. She hates her college courses. C. She is not afraid of insects now. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10.What is mentioned in the article? A. Scientists are working on traffic jams. B. Flying cars are around the comer. C. There will be fewer traffic jams. 11.What is said about flying cars? A. They will be controlled by a computer. B. They are designed for long trips. C. They are driven by pilots. 12.What is the woman's opinion on the flying car? A. It's convenient. B. It's worth the money. C. It may cause new problems. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13.Which society's president is Lisa? A. The International Society. B. The Ballet Society. C. The French Society. 14.What club attracts the man? A. The Music Club. B. The Chess Club. C. The Nature Club. 15.What does the man say about playing chess? A. Uninteresting. B. Enjoyable. C. Difficult. 16.What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Study in the library. B. Take the French course. C. Join the Debate Club. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Customer and waitress. C. Workmates. 18.What do the speakers both agree? A. They had an expensive meal. B. The food was very delicious. C. It was an enjoyable evening. 19.Why does the woman enjoy eating out? A. She knows the violinist in the restaurant. B. She hasnˈt eaten out for a long time. C. She wants to relax herself. 20.How does the man feel about the music? A. Relaxed. B. Awkward. C. Interested. 二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A Research Assistants Wanted Our organization, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), is wanting TEN research assistants for our Children and Young People’s Engagement Team. We have over 23,000 members and fellows, and employ around 200 people, most of whom work in our London office in Holborn. Basic Information Work Location London WCl and home-based Salary £3,500 per month plus excellent benefits Working hours 35 hours per week Responsibilities: ●You are responsible for providing vital support to a dynamic team working with children, young people and parents all over the UK. You’re responsible for providing the analysis of views, voices and experiences of children, young people and their families in relation to child health topics. ● Taking responsibility for performing literature searches and the production of reviews of the literature to support the delivery of engagement projects, you’ll critically review reports produced by peers (同行), academics and other agencies. Requirements: You have to have a degree qualified and have relevant experience in social or medical science, statistics. You should have experience of producing and presenting high-quality written reports and promotional information suitable for a range of audiences. You should have experience of analyzing mixed datasets, including carrying out literature reviews, and applying proper advanced methods. You have to be good at dealing with various problems, especially being able to understand and discuss complex problems around child health and health-related statistics. Other information: The College operates a modern working policy, so our coworkers work in the office for at least 40% over a four-week cycle and the rest time from home. This role is offered as either a six-month fixed-term contract for full-time hours, or as a part-time fixed-term contract until 31 December 2025. 1. What are the research assistants expected to do? A. Voice their opinions on policies. B. Write literature works for children. C. Cooperate with other agencies. D. Analyze data about child health. 2. What is a requirement for the applicants? A. A network of the audience. B. Good problem-solving ability. C. A degree in literature and art. D. Rich experience in special care. 3. What do we know about the position? A. Its working hours is too long. B. Its contract can be changed easily. C. Its working policy is flexible. D. Its salary is the highest locally. B Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 4. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision. 5. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars? A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it. C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it. 6. What can we infer about the author? A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy. C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. How to get on well with other family members. B. How to have one’s own personal space at home. C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D. How to control the budget when buying groceries. C A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. D Vernon Jackson works at his barbershop(理发店) in Cincinnati even on his off days. But it’s not because he wants to make as much money as possible—it’s because that’s the day he has set aside to give free haircuts to children with special needs. He began his Gifted Program haircuts in 2021 after hearing many horror stories that parents were going through with. Barbers had no patience with those children. Studies have shown people typically feel more confident and in control in both social as well as professional settings with good, fresh haircuts. So Jackson resolved to open his shop on his day off only to children with special needs who were looking to get a proper cut. “I can give them the full attention they need,” Jackson said in the CBS News. He found that at least some of his off-day clients who were sensitive to unfamiliar environments and sounds found the empty shop comforting. His goal is to get the children used to barbershops in general so they can eventually feel comfortable going in for haircuts when there are other customers around. Instagram users flood Jackson’s account on the platform with encouragement. “I have happy tears,” one user wrote in the comments of a video that Jackson posted showing him lining a Gifted Program boy up for a haircut. “You are truly doing amazing things.” Friends and supporters sponsor the haircuts through donations to an online GoFundMe campaign, according to what Jackson told CBS. He hopes to eventually raise enough money for the program to be able to travel to other parts of the US to give haircuts to children with special needs there. “It’s really been a beautiful experience,” Jackson said of starting the Gifted Program. “This has allowed me to love it to my fullest capacity and to see what happens when I do.” 12. Why did Jackson decide to start the Gifted Program? A. To make as much money as possible. B. To show barbers’ patience and sympathy. C. To help parents with horrible experiences. D. To reach out to children with special needs. 13. What does Jackson expect of the children through the Gifted Program? A. Love for fresh haircuts. B. Attention to other customers. C. Healthy adaptation to surroundings. D. Courage to have haircuts alone. 14. What is online users’ attitude to the Gifted Program? A. Objective. B. Concerned. C. Favorable. D. Confused. 15. What can we learn about Jackson from the last paragraph? A. He donates to an online organization. B. He is highly ambitious for his program. C. He has made a big difference to American kids. D. He has regained faith in life by giving free haircuts. 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. ___16___ It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. ___17___Any small interruption-a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:____18____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line-and serve each person at the front with the next available register. ___19___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. ____20____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck. A. Why does this always seem to happen to you? B. So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines? C. Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour. D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line? F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach. G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy. 四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 Canadian Adrian Anantawan was a talented violinist. “A lot of times, we let ____21____ get in the way of trying anything,” Anantawan said. “For me, my story has always been a result of just trying something, accepting ____22____, and then just seeing what the results are.” Born without his right hand, Anantawan only has five fingers. The disability was an initial ____23____ to music when his music teacher wanted all the students to learn to play instruments. Instead of ____24____, Anantawan and his parents decided to find him a different instrument to ____25____ his musical talent. Adrian Anantawan ____26____ the violin. The family contacted a hospital, asking them to create a(n) ____27____ cast that would allow him to hold the bow. “From the very first ____28____ that I was playing, I was really ____29____ to the sound and the connection of my body to the instrument and being able to express my imagination,” he said. Although Anantawan is _____30_____ for the technology that allows him to find access to music, the most important part of inclusion is the _____31_____ of teachers, supporters, and people who _____32_____ young learners that they can do anything. Anantawan has given many notable _____33_____ and he hopes people who may be experiencing _____34_____ in their lives feel like they have choices in finding ways to _____35_____ themselves. 21. A. regret B. fear C. anger D. misunderstanding 22. A. failure B. doubt C. apology D. shame 23. A. solution B. inspiration C. reaction D. barrier 24. A. standing out B. taking off C. giving up D. fleeing away 25. A. spot B. explore C. possess D. reveal 26. A. repaired B. made C. designed D. chose 27. A. adaptive B. strong C. light D. small 28. A. concert B. song C. note D. sentence 29. A. attracted B. devoted C. exposed D. limited 30. A. responsible B. grateful C. eager D. suitable 31. A. attitudes B. resources C. devices D. skills 32. A. persuade B. promise C. encourage D. recommend 33. A. interviews B. performances C. suggestions D. lectures 34. A. pleasures B. victories C. adventures D. challenges 35. A. teach B. entertain C. forgive D. express 五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 语法填空 Sometimes we have a fight with a friend. Many times, you find that you even forget _____36_____ the fight was about. You just seem to be ____37____ (anger), and then stop ____38____ (talk) to each other. Time goes by and you realize that you miss ____39____ friendship, and wish you could talk to your friend again. And _____40_____ (probable) your friend feels the same way as you do. So how can you get out of the fight without _____41_____ (hurt) your feelings? Leave the argument alone, and avoid communication. If you talk right after fight, you will say many ____42____ (word) out of anger. However, do not wait too long. It will become hard _____43_____ (make) up the relationship after too long waiting. So after the fight calms down, make sure you talk to the person before it is too late. Say sorry if you _____44_____ (be) to blame (负有责任) for the fight. Maybe it is your friend’s fault (过错) and you have done nothing wrong. In that case, wait until he says he is sorry! And if he doesn’t, he’s not worth your time. You can spend the time _____45_____ other friends. 六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。 46. 假定你是高一新生李华，你班外教布朗先生，为了更好地了解你班同学，要求每名同学做一下自我介绍，请你用英语给他写一封书信，介绍自己。内容包括： 1. 姓名和年龄； 2. 性别和爱好； 3. 你的梦想。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 七、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every October. In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home, and as the eldest child I have an advantage-I carried an 85-pounder back last year. This year, it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother, Jason, was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, with my mom filming the annual event. I’m unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pumpkin would settle the matter, but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time. With the pumpkin resting on the table, hole uppermost, I bent over and pressed my head against the opening. At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then, as I went on with my task, unwilling to quit, my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders. My excitement was short-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m going to set it down, now,” I said, and with Jason helping to support its weight, I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nose got in the way. I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle, but it was no use. “I can’t get it out!” I shouted, my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed space. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1 It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Paragraph 2 The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★启用前 2026年上学期高二期末考试 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、听力-选择题：本大题共20小题，共30分。 1.What will the speakers probably do? A. Use a new type of advertising. B. Go to Market Street. C. Hire new designers. 2.How did the man break his leg? A. He fell down while playing tennis. B. He had a climbing accident. C. He was hit by a car. 3.What is the man doing? A. Playing computer games. B. Taking a vocabulary test. C. Looking up words in a dictionary. 4.How will the speakers pay? A. They'll use coins. B. They'll use a card. C. They'll use a note. 5.What does the woman prefer to do this weekend? A. Visit a park. B. Watch a movie. C. See a football match. ​​​​​​​听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6.What is the man going to do? A. Employ a new worker. B. Meet the HR manager. C. Test the system. 7.What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Train the new workers. B. Learn more about the system. C. Attend a meeting. ​​​​​​​听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.What happened to the man as a kid? A. He was stuck in a lift. B. He fell down the stairs. C. He was bitten by an insect. 9.What can we learn about the woman? A. She finds lifts fascinating. B. She hates her college courses. C. She is not afraid of insects now. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10.What is mentioned in the article? A. Scientists are working on traffic jams. B. Flying cars are around the comer. C. There will be fewer traffic jams. 11.What is said about flying cars? A. They will be controlled by a computer. B. They are designed for long trips. C. They are driven by pilots. 12.What is the woman's opinion on the flying car? A. It's convenient. B. It's worth the money. C. It may cause new problems. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13.Which society's president is Lisa? A. The International Society. B. The Ballet Society. C. The French Society. 14.What club attracts the man? A. The Music Club. B. The Chess Club. C. The Nature Club. 15.What does the man say about playing chess? A. Uninteresting. B. Enjoyable. C. Difficult. 16.What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Study in the library. B. Take the French course. C. Join the Debate Club. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Customer and waitress. C. Workmates. 18.What do the speakers both agree? A. They had an expensive meal. B. The food was very delicious. C. It was an enjoyable evening. 19.Why does the woman enjoy eating out? A. She knows the violinist in the restaurant. B. She hasnˈt eaten out for a long time. C. She wants to relax herself. 20.How does the man feel about the music? A. Relaxed. B. Awkward. C. Interested. 二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A Research Assistants Wanted Our organization, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), is wanting TEN research assistants for our Children and Young People’s Engagement Team. We have over 23,000 members and fellows, and employ around 200 people, most of whom work in our London office in Holborn. Basic Information Work Location London WCl and home-based Salary £3,500 per month plus excellent benefits Working hours 35 hours per week Responsibilities: ●You are responsible for providing vital support to a dynamic team working with children, young people and parents all over the UK. You’re responsible for providing the analysis of views, voices and experiences of children, young people and their families in relation to child health topics. ● Taking responsibility for performing literature searches and the production of reviews of the literature to support the delivery of engagement projects, you’ll critically review reports produced by peers (同行), academics and other agencies. Requirements: You have to have a degree qualified and have relevant experience in social or medical science, statistics. You should have experience of producing and presenting high-quality written reports and promotional information suitable for a range of audiences. You should have experience of analyzing mixed datasets, including carrying out literature reviews, and applying proper advanced methods. You have to be good at dealing with various problems, especially being able to understand and discuss complex problems around child health and health-related statistics. Other information: The College operates a modern working policy, so our coworkers work in the office for at least 40% over a four-week cycle and the rest time from home. This role is offered as either a six-month fixed-term contract for full-time hours, or as a part-time fixed-term contract until 31 December 2025. 1. What are the research assistants expected to do? A. Voice their opinions on policies. B. Write literature works for children. C. Cooperate with other agencies. D. Analyze data about child health. 2. What is a requirement for the applicants? A. A network of the audience. B. Good problem-solving ability. C. A degree in literature and art. D. Rich experience in special care. 3. What do we know about the position? A. Its working hours is too long. B. Its contract can be changed easily. C. Its working policy is flexible. D. Its salary is the highest locally. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一则招聘研究助理的广告。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Responsibilities:中“You’re responsible for providing the analysis of views, voices and experiences of children, young people and their families in relation to child health topics.( 负责分析儿童、青少年及其家庭与儿童健康相关的观点、声音和经历)”可知，研究助理应该分析与儿童健康相关的数据。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements:中“You have to be good at dealing with various problems, especially being able to understand and discuss complex problems around child health and health-related statistics.( 你必须善于处理各种问题，特别是能够理解和讨论有关儿童健康和健康相关统计的复杂问题)”可知，申请人需要良好的解决问题的能力。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Other information:中“The College operates a modern working policy, so our coworkers work in the office for at least 40% over a four-week cycle and the rest time from home.( 学院实行现代化的工作政策，因此我们的同事在四周的周期中至少有40%的时间在办公室工作，其余时间在家工作)”可知，该工作政策灵活。故选C项。 B Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 4. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision. 5. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars? A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it. C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it. 6. What can we infer about the author? A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy. C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. How to get on well with other family members. B. How to have one’s own personal space at home. C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D. How to control the budget when buying groceries. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。 【点睛】 C A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。 【点睛】 D Vernon Jackson works at his barbershop(理发店) in Cincinnati even on his off days. But it’s not because he wants to make as much money as possible—it’s because that’s the day he has set aside to give free haircuts to children with special needs. He began his Gifted Program haircuts in 2021 after hearing many horror stories that parents were going through with. Barbers had no patience with those children. Studies have shown people typically feel more confident and in control in both social as well as professional settings with good, fresh haircuts. So Jackson resolved to open his shop on his day off only to children with special needs who were looking to get a proper cut. “I can give them the full attention they need,” Jackson said in the CBS News. He found that at least some of his off-day clients who were sensitive to unfamiliar environments and sounds found the empty shop comforting. His goal is to get the children used to barbershops in general so they can eventually feel comfortable going in for haircuts when there are other customers around. Instagram users flood Jackson’s account on the platform with encouragement. “I have happy tears,” one user wrote in the comments of a video that Jackson posted showing him lining a Gifted Program boy up for a haircut. “You are truly doing amazing things.” Friends and supporters sponsor the haircuts through donations to an online GoFundMe campaign, according to what Jackson told CBS. He hopes to eventually raise enough money for the program to be able to travel to other parts of the US to give haircuts to children with special needs there. “It’s really been a beautiful experience,” Jackson said of starting the Gifted Program. “This has allowed me to love it to my fullest capacity and to see what happens when I do.” 12. Why did Jackson decide to start the Gifted Program? A. To make as much money as possible. B. To show barbers’ patience and sympathy. C. To help parents with horrible experiences. D. To reach out to children with special needs. 13. What does Jackson expect of the children through the Gifted Program? A. Love for fresh haircuts. B. Attention to other customers. C. Healthy adaptation to surroundings. D. Courage to have haircuts alone. 14. What is online users’ attitude to the Gifted Program? A. Objective. B. Concerned. C. Favorable. D. Confused. 15. What can we learn about Jackson from the last paragraph? A. He donates to an online organization. B. He is highly ambitious for his program. C. He has made a big difference to American kids. D. He has regained faith in life by giving free haircuts. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Vernon Jackson为了满足儿童理发的特殊需求，利用假期的时间为儿童理发，并创建了Gifted Program理发项目，这一项目得到了众人的认可，Vernon希望将这一项目推广到美国的其它地方。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段中的“But it’s not because he wants to make as much money as possible—it’s because that’s the day he has set aside to give free haircuts to children with special needs.(但这并不是因为他想赚尽可能多的钱，而是因为他留出了这一天，为有特殊需要的孩子们免费理发。)”以及第二段中的“He began his Gifted Program haircuts in 2021 after hearing many horror stories that parents were going through with. (在听到许多父母经历的恐怖故事后，他于2021年开始了他的Gifted Program理发。)”可知，Vernon抽出时间给那些有特殊需求的孩子免费理发，并在听到很多家长描述的他们多经历的许多关于孩子理发的恐怖故事后，创建了Gifted Program，由此可知，他之所以创建Gifted Program是为了接触那些有特殊需要的孩子。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His goal is to get the children used to barbershops in general so they can eventually feel comfortable going in for haircuts when there are other customers around.(他的目标是让孩子们习惯理发店，这样当周围有其他顾客的时候，他们最终会觉得去理发店理发很舒服。)”可知，他的目标是让孩子们能够适应理发店，以至于他们能在周围有人的时候放心地理发，由此可知，Jackson 想通过Gifted Program，希望孩子们对环境有一个健康的适应。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的““I have happy tears,” one user wrote in the comments of a video that Jackson posted showing him lining a Gifted Program boy up for a haircut. “You are truly doing amazing things.”(“我流下了幸福的眼泪，”一名用户在杰克逊发布的一段视频的评论中写道，视频中他让一名天才项目的男孩排队理发。“你真的在做了不起的事情。”)”可知，很多用户发帖子赞扬Gifted Program做了了不起的事情，由此可知，线上的用户对Gifted Program持支持的态度。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“He hopes to eventually raise enough money for the program to be able to travel to other parts of the US to give haircuts to children with special needs there.(他希望最终能够为该项目筹集到足够的资金，以便能够前往美国其他地区，为那里有特殊需要的儿童理发。)”可知，Jackson希望把该项目推广到美国的其它地方，以便在其它地下也可以给有特殊需求的孩子理发，由此可推断，Jackson对自己的项目雄心勃勃。故选B项。 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. ___16___ It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. ___17___Any small interruption-a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:____18____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line-and serve each person at the front with the next available register. ___19___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. ____20____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck. A. Why does this always seem to happen to you? B. So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines? C. Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour. D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line? F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach. G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy. 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。 【16题详解】 根据下文“It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. (原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快)”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，A选项“Why does this always seem to happen to you?( 为什么这种事总是发生在你身上?)”符合文意，故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.(杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账)”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.(任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线)”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，G项“But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.(但有时，比如在周日下午，系统会变得特别繁忙)”，与此呼应。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. (如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生)”联系下文“So it’s not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.(所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快)”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。D项“The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.(你的线路是最快的几率只有三分之一)”与此对应。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won’t unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.(这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结账速度)”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。F项“With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.(由于有三个寄存器，这种方法比传统方法要快得多)”与此对应。故选F项。 【20题详解】 结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can’t afford the space or manpower.(要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力)”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。B项“So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines?(那么，为什么大多数地方不鼓励使用蛇形线条呢？)”解释了该原因。故选B项。 四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 Canadian Adrian Anantawan was a talented violinist. “A lot of times, we let ____21____ get in the way of trying anything,” Anantawan said. “For me, my story has always been a result of just trying something, accepting ____22____, and then just seeing what the results are.” Born without his right hand, Anantawan only has five fingers. The disability was an initial ____23____ to music when his music teacher wanted all the students to learn to play instruments. Instead of ____24____, Anantawan and his parents decided to find him a different instrument to ____25____ his musical talent. Adrian Anantawan ____26____ the violin. The family contacted a hospital, asking them to create a(n) ____27____ cast that would allow him to hold the bow. “From the very first ____28____ that I was playing, I was really ____29____ to the sound and the connection of my body to the instrument and being able to express my imagination,” he said. Although Anantawan is _____30_____ for the technology that allows him to find access to music, the most important part of inclusion is the _____31_____ of teachers, supporters, and people who _____32_____ young learners that they can do anything. Anantawan has given many notable _____33_____ and he hopes people who may be experiencing _____34_____ in their lives feel like they have choices in finding ways to _____35_____ themselves. 21. A. regret B. fear C. anger D. misunderstanding 22. A. failure B. doubt C. apology D. shame 23. A. solution B. inspiration C. reaction D. barrier 24. A. standing out B. taking off C. giving up D. fleeing away 25. A. spot B. explore C. possess D. reveal 26. A. repaired B. made C. designed D. chose 27. A. adaptive B. strong C. light D. small 28. A. concert B. song C. note D. sentence 29. A. attracted B. devoted C. exposed D. limited 30. A. responsible B. grateful C. eager D. suitable 31. A. attitudes B. resources C. devices D. skills 32. A. persuade B. promise C. encourage D. recommend 33. A. interviews B. performances C. suggestions D. lectures 34. A. pleasures B. victories C. adventures D. challenges 35. A. teach B. entertain C. forgive D. express 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Adrian Anantawan天生右臂残缺，但他没有放弃，而是通过努力成为一名小提琴家，他想通过自己的经历鼓励那些面对困难的人敢于尝试，找到表达自我的方式。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Anantawan说“很多时候，我们让恐惧阻碍了尝试任何事情。”A. regret遗憾；B. fear害怕，恐惧；C. anger生气；D. misunderstanding误解。根据空后的“get in the way of trying anything”可知，恐惧阻碍了人们尝试。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我的故事一直是尝试某事、接受失败，然后看看结果如何的结果。A. failure失败；B. doubt怀疑；C. apology道歉；D. shame羞耻。根据空前的“trying something, accepting”可知，这里指尝试一件事并接受失败。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的音乐老师希望所有学生都学习演奏乐器时，残疾是音乐的最初障碍。A. solution解决办法；B. inspiration灵感，启发灵感的人（或事物）；C. reaction反应，回应；D. barrier障碍，阻力。根据句中的“The disability”并结合常识可知，他天生没有右手，身体残疾是他学习音乐的一个障碍。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Anantawan和他的父母没有放弃，而是决定给他找一种不同的乐器来探索他的音乐天赋。A. standing out出色，显眼；B. taking off起飞；C. giving up放弃；D. fleeing away逃跑。根据句中的“Anantawan and his parents decided to find him a different instrument to ____5____his musical talent.”可知，Anantawan和他的父母决定找一种不同的乐器，由此可知，他们没有放弃学习乐器。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. spot发现；B. explore探索；C. possess拥有；D. reveal揭示。根据空前的“find him a different instrument to”和空后的“his musical talent”可知，这里指给他找一种不同的乐器来探索他的音乐天赋。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adrian Anantawan选择了小提琴。A. repaired修理；B. made制作；C. designed设计；D. chose选择。根据上文中的“find him a different instrument”可知，他选择了小提琴。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家人联系了一家医院，要求他们制作一个能让他握住弓的自适应石膏。A. adaptive适应的，有适应能力的；B. strong强壮的；C. light轻的；D. small小的。根据空后的“cast that would allow him to hold the bow”可知，这个石膏可以让他自如地拿着弓弹奏，说明这个石膏有适应性。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“从我演奏的第一个音符开始，我就被声音、身体与乐器的联系以及能够表达我的想象力所吸引。”A. concert音乐会；B. song歌曲；C. note音符；D. sentence句子。根据空后的“that I was playing”可知，这里指演奏出的第一个音符。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. attracted吸引；B. devoted献身，致力；C. exposed暴露；D. limited限制，限定。根据空后的“to the sound and the connection of my body to the instrument and being able to express my imagination”可知，他刚开始演奏，就被小提琴的声音、身体与乐器的联系以及自己可以表达想象力吸引了。be attracted to...意为“被……吸引”。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Anantawan很感激这项技术让他能够接触到音乐，但包容最重要的部分是教师、支持者和鼓励年轻学习者做任何事情的人的态度。A. responsible负责的；B. grateful感激的；C. eager渴望的；D. suitable合适的。根据句中的“the technology that allows him to find access to music”可知，这项技术让他能够接触音乐，所以他充满感激。be grateful for...意为“感激……”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. attitudes态度；B. resources资源；C. devices设备；D. skills技巧。根据空后的“of teachers, supporters, and people”可知，老师、支持者和鼓励者的态度对他学习这门乐器很重要。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考第10题。A. persuade说服；B. promise承诺；C. encourage鼓励；D. recommend推荐。根据空后的“young learners that they can do anything”可知，这些人鼓励年轻学习者可以做任何事情的人。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Anantawan已经进行了许多著名的表演，他希望那些在生活中可能遇到挑战的人觉得他们可以选择寻找表达自己的方式。A. interviews面试，采访；B. performances表演，演出；C. suggestions建议；D. lectures讲座。根据空前的“given many notable”和上文中的“Canadian Adrian Anantawan was a talented violinist.(加拿大人Adrian Anantawan是一位才华横溢的小提琴家。)”可知，作为小提琴家，Anantawan进行了许多著名的小提琴表演。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. pleasures愉快；B. victories胜利；C. adventures冒险；D. challenges挑战。根据空前的“experiencing”和Anantawan克服右臂残缺学习演奏小提琴的经历可知，这里指面对挑战。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考第13题。A. teach教；B. entertain招待，娱乐；C. forgive原谅；D. express表达。根据空前的“finding ways to”和空后的“themselves”可知，这里指找到方法来表达自我。故选D。 五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 语法填空 Sometimes we have a fight with a friend. Many times, you find that you even forget _____36_____ the fight was about. You just seem to be ____37____ (anger), and then stop ____38____ (talk) to each other. Time goes by and you realize that you miss ____39____ friendship, and wish you could talk to your friend again. And _____40_____ (probable) your friend feels the same way as you do. So how can you get out of the fight without _____41_____ (hurt) your feelings? Leave the argument alone, and avoid communication. If you talk right after fight, you will say many ____42____ (word) out of anger. However, do not wait too long. It will become hard _____43_____ (make) up the relationship after too long waiting. So after the fight calms down, make sure you talk to the person before it is too late. Say sorry if you _____44_____ (be) to blame (负有责任) for the fight. Maybe it is your friend’s fault (过错) and you have done nothing wrong. In that case, wait until he says he is sorry! And if he doesn’t, he’s not worth your time. You can spend the time _____45_____ other friends. 【答案】36. what 37. angry 38. talking 39. the 40. probably 41. hurting 42. words 43. to make 44. are 45. with 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。有时我们和朋友发生争执，本文介绍了一些处理此类争执的一些建议，包括：将争论搁置避免交流，但在冷静下来后要及时交流。如果是你引起了争执，不要忘记说对不起。 【36题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：很多时候，你会发现你甚至忘记了争吵的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，且指代物，应用关系代词what，故填what。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你们看起来很生气，然后就不说话了。此处应用形容词作为表语，故填angry。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处考查短语stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，故填talking。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：时间流逝，你意识到你想念友谊，并希望你能再和你的朋友说话。此处表示和朋友之间的友谊，为特指，故填the。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：也许你的朋友和你有同样的感受。修饰整个句子，应用副词作状语，故填probably。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：那么，你怎样才能在不伤害自己感情的情况下退出战斗呢?设空处在句中作非谓语，空前为介词，设空处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填hurting。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果你在争吵后说话，你会说很多话，因为生气。 many修饰名词复数，故填words。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在太长时间的等待之后，这段关系会变得很难建立起来。此处考查固定句型it is/becomes + adj.+ to do sth.“做某事是/变得怎么样”，其中it是形式主语，to do是真正的主语，故填to make。 【44题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：如果打架是你的错，就说对不起。此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时，且主语是you，谓语动词用are。故填are。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：你可以花时间和其他朋友一起。此处spend意为“度过，消磨”，spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时间。故填with。 六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。 46. 假定你是高一新生李华，你班外教布朗先生，为了更好地了解你班同学，要求每名同学做一下自我介绍，请你用英语给他写一封书信，介绍自己。内容包括： 1. 姓名和年龄； 2. 性别和爱好； 3. 你的梦想。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 【答案】Dear Mr. Brown, I'm Li Hua, a boy of sixteen. Now I'm glad to introduce myself to you When it comes to my personality, I'm confident and outgoing, so I’m popular with my friends. My hobby is playing the piano, and I've been practicing it since I was five. So far, I've taken part in many piano contests and won several gold medals. My dream is to become a pianist like Lang Lang. I hope my dream can come true. Such is me, an outgoing and confident boy. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语给外教布朗先生写一封书信，介绍自己。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量用现在进行时和现在完成进行时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：自我介绍： 1.姓名和年龄 2.性别和爱好 3.你的梦想。 第二步：列提纲 When it comes to; be popular with; piano contests; l gold medals; come true. 第三步:连词成句 1.I'm glad to introduce myself to you 2. When it comes to my personality, I'm confident and outgoing. 3. I’m popular with my friends. 4. I've been practicing it since I was five. 5. I've taken part in many piano contests and won several gold medals. 6. I hope my dream can come true. 根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步:连句成篇(衔接词) 1.表文章结构顺序：and 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including（供参考） 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…（供参考） 4.表因果关系：So 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 【点睛】[高分句型1] When it comes to my personality, I'm confident and outgoing, so I’m popular with my friends.（when引导时间状语从句） [高分句型2] I've been practicing it since I was five.（since引导时间状语从句，并且谓语动词运用了现在完成进行时。） 七、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every October. In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home, and as the eldest child I have an advantage-I carried an 85-pounder back last year. This year, it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother, Jason, was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, with my mom filming the annual event. I’m unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pumpkin would settle the matter, but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time. With the pumpkin resting on the table, hole uppermost, I bent over and pressed my head against the opening. At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then, as I went on with my task, unwilling to quit, my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders. My excitement was short-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m going to set it down, now,” I said, and with Jason helping to support its weight, I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nose got in the way. I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle, but it was no use. “I can’t get it out!” I shouted, my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed space. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1 It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Paragraph 2 The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. 【答案】Paragraph 1 It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Dad was summoned – less, it seemed, in expectation of practical help than to make sure he didn’t miss out on the spectacle. I heard him propose calling the fire department. “Stay tuned,” said Mom; she’d mentioned she was going to upload the video to Facebook, but it was only then I realized she’d been filming the whole time. The video cuts before my rescue —Dad got me to push my head farther into the pumpkin so Mom could reach in and undo the rubber band round my ponytail. I emerged with squash-conditioned hair, a sore chin and my nose plugged with pulp. Paragraph 2 The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. By the end of that day, it had over 1,000 views. People asked Mom to put it on YouTube, and by Wednesday morning we were getting 5:00 am calls from TV breakfast shows and then the international media – the video started racking up hundreds of thousands of views. When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met. The pumpkin also became a minor celebrity. Passersby and trick-or-treaters would knock and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” before taking selfies with it. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者家里有在万圣节雕刻南瓜的传统，今年也不例外，家里人都在厨房的餐桌旁辛勤工作，作者的妈妈则在拍摄一年一度的活动。结果作者将头伸进了南瓜里被卡住了，无论如何也无法挣脱出来，妈妈趁机拍下了这一幕，后来作者得救，视频被上传到网上后，获得了数十万的点击量。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“虽然时间只过去了五、六分钟，但还是感觉要长得多。”可知，第一段可描写作者在爸爸的帮助下得救，妈妈一直在拍摄视频。 ②由第二段首句内容“这段视频是在万圣节前的周一发布的。”可知，第二段可描写这段视频在网上走红，以及视频走红对作者的影响。 2.续写线索：爸爸帮忙——妈妈拍下全过程——作者得救——视频被上传——视频走红——视频对作者的影响 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①确保：make sure / guarantee ②打算做某事：be going to do sth./ intend to do sth. ③出来：emerge / come out 情绪类 ①实际的：practical / useful ②出名：become a minor celebrity / be famous 【点睛】【高分句型1】When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met. (由连接词when引导时间状语从句，省略关系代词that引导限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Passersby and trick-or-treaters would knock and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” before taking selfies with it. (由动名词短语作介词before的宾语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $