话题综合05 人与社会—文学、艺术与体育（综合训练）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 以“人与社会—文学、艺术与体育”为核心话题，整合多题型考查语言能力、文化意识及思维品质的系统性综合训练。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10小题|考查语境词汇与情感逻辑|以马拉松经历串联体育精神，强化语言能力中的语境理解| |语法填空|10小题（3篇）|聚焦词形变化与篇章衔接|通过杭州文化、城市漫步、钢琴家故事，渗透文化意识与社会观察| |阅读理解|8小题（2篇）|侧重推理判断与主旨归纳|体育赛事人性关怀、传记文学新趋势，提升思维品质中的分析评价能力| |阅读表达|4小题|考查信息提取与观点表达|以越野赛互助案例，深化学习能力中的综合应用| |七选五|5小题|测试语篇结构与逻辑衔接|围绕艺术与健康主题，构建“艺术—社会—个体”的知识网络|

话题综合05 人与社会— 文学、艺术与体育 （考试时间：60分钟 试卷满分：68分） 一、完形填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) （2026·北京·三模）As a new runner, I received an invitation from a magazine to visit Greece. As the birthplace of the marathon, Greece deeply attracted me. I came up with a brave idea — to 1 the whole 26-mile classic route from Athens to Marathon, opposite the original direction. Athens in midsummer was 2 hot. Running 26 miles in heat like that was nothing short of an act of madness, so I started quite early with an editor from the magazine in a van (面包车) providing water and recording my journey. At first, the city roads frustrated me. Countless stoplights broke my 3 , and blocked roads forced me off course. By the eighth mile, I finally left the busy city behind. Away from the city buildings, the sun revealed all its power and I was dying of 4 . The air was so dry that sweat evaporated instantly, leaving a layer of white salt on my skin. My body stung, and my lips tasted salty. I kept 5 of ice-cold beer but had to drink water from the van every three miles. After the nineteenth mile, a strong headwind from the sea started blowing. The closer I got to Marathon, the harder it blew. Real exhaustion set in. It felt like an endless battle against my own body, but I forced myself to 6 only on moving my feet forward, one after another. And the strong wind from the sea never let up. At around twenty-three miles, I almost 7 , and I started to hate everything. Enough already! I didn’t want to run anymore! “Just three more miles. Hang in there!” the editor called out encouragingly. Ignoring the burning sun, I 8 all my willpower. Finally, the finish line came into sight. Crossing it, I felt completely 9 and tasted the sweet joy of achievement. This tough 26-mile run was my first full marathon. It became a precious memory and taught me the power of perseverance, inspiring me to keep 10 myself. 1．A．mark B．run C．approach D．cycle 2．A．slightly B．moderately C．unbelievably D．barely 3．A．mood B．balance C．record D．rhythm 4．A．fear B．exhaustion C．thirst D．loneliness 5．A．dreaming B．speaking C．approving D．complaining 6．A．focus B．agree C．rely D．live 7．A．died down B．broke down C．calmed down D．slowed down 8．A．kept B．tested C．saved D．gathered 9．A．energetic B．relieved C．determined D．optimistic 10．A．observing B．perfecting C．challenging D．training 二、语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A （26模拟预测） During my first visit to Hangzhou, I fell in love with this incredible city. 11 impressed me most was rowing through the jade lotus leaves in West Lake, 12 (leave) me with a precious memory of nature’s breathtaking beauty. It’s also amazing 13 (explore) the local tea culture, especially learning to appreciate Longjing tea and knowing more about 14 (it) rich history. B （26模拟预测） Gather a couple of friends and take a leisurely walk through the streets—this is 15 many youngsters enjoy doing when they visit a new city. To them, citywalk means wandering around the city on foot. Participants can follow a distinctive urban route, 16 (explore) the city at their own pace. Compared with famous 17 (spot) and big crowds, they prefer to gain a more inclusive experience of the places they visit. C （2026·北京海淀·三模） Mr. Johnson, our elderly neighbor, was a mystery. One day, I heard beautiful piano music played with great passion 18 his house. I later learned he 19 (be) a promising pianist but gave up his dream to care for his sick family. We neighbors organized a small park concert to surprise him. Though 20 (hesitate) at first, he agreed. On that day, his fingers danced across the keys, filling the park with lovely music. It was a joyful moment for all of us as we watched his dream rekindled. 三、阅读理解(共8小题；每小题 2 分，共16分) A （2026·北京顺义·二模）When a player on the opposing team makes a terrible mistake on a big play, the reaction for many sports fans is joy: our team is going to win! But not every sports fan. In a crucial rugby game, with only 90 seconds left, the Eagles scored a touchdown, narrowing the gap with the Wolves to 27-25. They needed another two points to tie the game, which was vital for both teams. Then the ball was passed to Mark, an Eagles player at the goal line. He caught it… and dropped it — he seemed to slip on the snowy field. The whole season did come down to that play. And the Eagles blew it and lost the game. Their season was over. But at least some Wolves fans felt sympathy, even when they celebrated their victory. Mark has diabetes (糖尿病), and two Wolves fans set out to raise money for a charity supporting diabetes research that he has supported. Their language sounds just a little different from the sharp words some football fans like to use when discussing the game. “We just want to spread love; that’s really what we want to do,” they said. They ran a social media account and decided to start a charitable drive. “To be honest, we want our team to win. But we want to bring both bases together and say, ‘Hey, this is more than a game!’ We’ve got complete respect for Mark even though he was playing against us,” they said. Their effort has raised over $146,000 from more than 4,000 donations. At first, donations were mostly from Wolves fans, but as word spread, fans of the Eagles and other rugby teams joined in. Mark was disappointed about the game result but deeply touched. “I’ve seen heartfelt love and encouragement,” he said. The two fans said they remained supportive to the Wolves. But going forward, they added, “We’re definitely going to have a soft spot for the Eagles.” 21．The Eagles lost the game because _______. A．Mark made a costly mistake B．Mark got injured on the field C．the opposing team narrowed the gap D．the opposing team outperformed them 22．What did the two Wolves fans do after the game? A．They encouraged Mark to face the illness bravely. B．They prevented sharp words from spreading. C．They collected money for diabetes research. D．They established a charity organization. 23．Which would best describe the two Wolves fans? A．Generous but cautious. B．Friendly and reserved. C．Ambitious but modest. D．Loyal and caring. 24．What can we learn from the passage? A．Health outweighs wealth. B．Humanity outshines glory. C．Kindness leads to success. D．The weakest goes to the wall. B （2026·北京东城·二模）A few years ago, I wrote a piece in which I declared that biography, if not quite dead, was in very poor condition. I was concerned that for far too long, it had been criticized that biographies were poorly written and just listed facts from birth to death. I even hesitated before telling people I was a biographer: it felt tantamount to admitting that I was a journalist incapable of original thought. But it turns out to be otherwise. It was more that I hadn’t been looking for it hard enough or in quite the right places. Last weekend, the University of East Anglia hosted a conference at which the masters of biography took its pulse and gave the encouraging conclusion. What has happened, these experts explained, is that biography has changed its shape. This shift has come from a growing sense that biography as it used to be done was not getting us close to the experience it was trying to describe. We all know that life isn’t actually comprised of a stately march through the decades in which loose ends, false trails and those periods where nothing much happens are tidied away out of sight. Mostly our lives feel shapeless, coming into focus only when a particular occasion makes us feel, for a few minutes at least, fully ourselves. To better reveal the authentic, unscripted nature of a life, one new approach to biography employs the presenting of something small to tell a bigger story. Frances Wilson demonstrated how effective this can be in How to Survive the Titanic. She focuses on the moment when J Bruce Ismay, the ship’s owner, jumped into a lifeboat meant for women and children, vividly charting a story about one man’s lost honour. Another approach is to organise your story around objects that carried a particular emotional charge for the person you are writing about. In The Real Jane Austen, for instance, biographer Paula Byrne pulls out an East Indian shawl (披肩) and a carringe that figured in both Austen’s personal experience and her fiction, and tells a new story around them. Other biographers have realised that their subject’s non-eventful schooling or the long holidays by the sea can be cut down to a few short paragraphs so they can spend more time on the bits that matter. These new ways of telling lives are not entirely driven by intellectual concerns. The pressures are commercial, too. People also have shorter attention spans, which means that those doorstop biographies of 400 pages can start to seem like an approaching threat rather than a delicious promise. But more and more interesting books are being published which deal with the lives of others. They may not announce themselves as “biographies”, but that doesn’t mean they aren’t. 25．What does the word “tantamount” underlined in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Superior. B．Similar. C．Unusual. D．Obvious. 26．Why does the author share his ideas on life in Paragraph 2? A．To assess its significance to biography. B．To justify the emerging trend in biography. C．To emphasize the value of modern biography. D．To argue for the authenticity of conventional biography. 27．As for the new approaches, the author would agree that ________. A．they could be more engaging B．they involve subjective descriptions C．they might be easier for writers to handle D．they help commercialize the publishing industry 28．What is the passage mainly about? A．What biography is all about. B．Whether biography should mirror life. C．Why biography is anything but in decline. D．Who defines the literary status of biography. 四、阅读表达 (共 4 小题；第 29、30题各 2 分，31题 3 分，第32题 5 分，共 12 分) （2026·北京石景山·一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 The prize may belong to the fastest, but sometimes the person who lifts the trophy (奖杯) is not the only winner. That was clearly seen at a recent cross-country race in Greenfield, Ohio. There were two main runners in the event: Marcus Lee and Daniel Rivera. Marcus, a 17-year-old from Lakeside High School, had trained for months, dreaming of earning a sports scholarship. Daniel, from North Ridge High, was known by his classmates as someone who would rather help others than gain attention for himself. He once told his teammates, “When you are standing at a crossroad, you can choose the path of self-interest, or you can go the extra mile for someone in need.” The race went smoothly at first. The runners moved like a colourful river through the trees. With less than one kilometre to go, however, Marcus stepped on a loose stone, lost his balance and fell, badly hurting his knee. “I heard a sharp sound and felt something go wrong,” Daniel later recalled. Marcus tried to stand up and waved for Daniel to pass him and keep going. For most athletes, crossing the line first is the main goal. But in that moment, winning suddenly seemed less important to Daniel. As he reached Marcus, he saw the pain on his face and heard his short, shaking breaths. Instead of running ahead, Daniel stopped and put Marcus’s arm over his shoulder. Slowly step by step, they moved towards the finish line together. “Helping him finish meant more than any medal,” Daniel said later. “That day, we both won in a different way.” 29．What event did Marcus and Daniel take part in? 30．Why had Marcus trained so hard for months? 31．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤Daniel, who had been Marcus’s close classmate at Lakeside High School, helped injured Marcus cross the finish line. 32．What do you think of Daniel’s choice in the race? (In about 40 words) 五、七选五 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) （2026·北京西城·一模）Cut your sugar, get some exercise, eat your vegetables, sleep well. Every day, we are surrounded by information about how to live longer, healthier, happier lives. 33 It is to engage in the arts. Over the past few decades, evidence has been increasing to suggest that being more creative works wonders for our health. 34 And the results are astonishing, from music in surgery reducing the amount of painkillers and anti-anxiety medicines needed, to dance programs helping people with Parkinson’s disease to walk. But the arts aren’t just there for us when we are sick. As a public health scientist. I spend my days looking at data from studies — massive datasets that contain thousands of individuals who have completed questionnaires, had nurse interviews, donated blood samples and undergone brain imaging every few years of their lives. 35 Using complex statistical methods, we can look at the long-term relationship between everyday arts engagement and dozens of health outcomes. The results are remarkable. Children who engage more with the arts have a reduced risk of developing problems like depression later in life. Adults who participate more frequently in the arts and visit cultural venues are happier and feel more satisfied with their lives over the years and decades that follow 36 Kindergarteners who engage in music activities have increased prosocial skills as they head into primary school. Teenagers who are involved in bands, dance and editing school newspapers are less likely to get involved in antisocial behaviors or crime. I want to be clear: I am not suggesting the arts can solve all problems. 37 But the evidence remains that engaging regularly in creative activities that you enjoy is an investment in your health that is worth making. A．The benefits aren’t just psychological either. B．Regular arts engagement goes beyond boosting physical health. C．But there is one piece of advice I bet you have never been given. D．Many of these studies contain buried questions on arts engagement. E．Arts can be inaccessible to people because of cost and other reasons. F．Crafts, singing, theatre and writing are good for us as part of our daily lives. G．Programs being developed around the world are starting to integrate the arts into healthcare. 4 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 话题综合05 人与社会— 文学、艺术与体育 （考试时间：60分钟 试卷满分：68分） 一、完形填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 二、语法填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 11．What 12．leaving 13．to explore 14．its 15．what 16．exploring 17．spots 18．from/in 19．had been 20．hesitant/hesitating 三、阅读理解(共8小题；每小题 2 分，共16分) 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 四、阅读表达 (共 4 小题；第 29、30题各 2 分，31题 3 分，第32题 5 分，共 12 分) 29．They took part in a cross-country race in Greenfield, Ohio. 30．He had trained hard because he dreamed of earning a sports scholarship. 31．➤Daniel, who had been Marcus’s close classmate at Lakeside High School, helped injured Marcus cross the finish line. Because according to the passage they come from different schools — Marcus is from Lakeside High School and  Daniel is from North Ridge High. 32． I think Daniel’s choice is truly inspiring. He puts kindness and compassion above personal glory, showing the best of sportsmanship. His selfless act proves that true victory lies not in winning a race, but in lifting others up. 五、七选五 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) 33．C 34．G 35．D 36．A 37．E 、 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 话题综合05 人与社会— 文学、艺术与体育 （考试时间：60分钟 试卷满分：68分） 一、完形填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) （2026·北京·三模）As a new runner, I received an invitation from a magazine to visit Greece. As the birthplace of the marathon, Greece deeply attracted me. I came up with a brave idea — to 1 the whole 26-mile classic route from Athens to Marathon, opposite the original direction. Athens in midsummer was 2 hot. Running 26 miles in heat like that was nothing short of an act of madness, so I started quite early with an editor from the magazine in a van (面包车) providing water and recording my journey. At first, the city roads frustrated me. Countless stoplights broke my 3 , and blocked roads forced me off course. By the eighth mile, I finally left the busy city behind. Away from the city buildings, the sun revealed all its power and I was dying of 4 . The air was so dry that sweat evaporated instantly, leaving a layer of white salt on my skin. My body stung, and my lips tasted salty. I kept 5 of ice-cold beer but had to drink water from the van every three miles. After the nineteenth mile, a strong headwind from the sea started blowing. The closer I got to Marathon, the harder it blew. Real exhaustion set in. It felt like an endless battle against my own body, but I forced myself to 6 only on moving my feet forward, one after another. And the strong wind from the sea never let up. At around twenty-three miles, I almost 7 , and I started to hate everything. Enough already! I didn’t want to run anymore! “Just three more miles. Hang in there!” the editor called out encouragingly. Ignoring the burning sun, I 8 all my willpower. Finally, the finish line came into sight. Crossing it, I felt completely 9 and tasted the sweet joy of achievement. This tough 26-mile run was my first full marathon. It became a precious memory and taught me the power of perseverance, inspiring me to keep 10 myself. 1．A．mark B．run C．approach D．cycle 2．A．slightly B．moderately C．unbelievably D．barely 3．A．mood B．balance C．record D．rhythm 4．A．fear B．exhaustion C．thirst D．loneliness 5．A．dreaming B．speaking C．approving D．complaining 6．A．focus B．agree C．rely D．live 7．A．died down B．broke down C．calmed down D．slowed down 8．A．kept B．tested C．saved D．gathered 9．A．energetic B．relieved C．determined D．optimistic 10．A．observing B．perfecting C．challenging D．training 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述的是作者受邀前往希腊，逆向跑完马拉松全程，凭借毅力完赛并领悟坚持的意义。 【解析】 1．考查动词。句意：我萌生一个大胆想法：反向跑完从雅典到马拉松全程26英里的经典赛道。A. mark标记；B. run奔跑；C. approach靠近；D. cycle骑行。根据前文“As a new runner”以及后文“Running 26 miles in heat like that”可知，作者打算跑完马拉松路线。 2．考查副词。句意：盛夏时节的雅典酷热难耐。A. slightly轻微地；B. moderately适度地；C. unbelievably难以置信地；D. barely勉强。根据后文“Running 26 miles in heat like that was nothing short of an act of madness”可知，高温程度超乎想象，令人难以置信。 3．考查名词。句意：数不胜数的红绿灯打乱了我的跑步节奏，封路也迫使我偏离路线。A. mood心情；B. balance平衡；C. record记录；D. rhythm节奏。根据前文“At first, the city roads frustrated me. Countless stoplights”可知，频繁红绿灯不断停顿，打乱跑步节奏。 4．考查名词。句意：远离城市建筑后烈日尽显威力，我渴得要命。A. fear恐惧；B. exhaustion疲惫；C. thirst口渴；D. loneliness孤单。根据后文“The air was so dry that sweat evaporated instantly, leaving a layer of white salt on my skin. My body stung, and my lips tasted salty.”可知，空气干燥、嘴唇发咸，作者极度口渴。 5．考查动词。句意：我一直盼着冰镇啤酒，但只能每三英里从随行车上取水喝。A. dreaming梦想；B. speaking说话；C. approving赞成；D. complaining抱怨。根据后文“but had to drink water from the van every three miles”可知，此处与下文之间为转折关系，由此可推断，作者没法喝啤酒，只能梦想着。 6．考查动词。句意：身体陷入极度疲惫，我逼着自己只专注一步步向前迈步。A. focus专注；B. agree同意；C. rely依靠；D. live生活。根据前文“Real exhaustion set in. It felt like an endless battle against my own body”可知，身心俱疲，只能专注迈步前行。 7．考查动词短语。句意：跑到约23英里时，我险些崩溃，开始憎恶周遭一切。A. died down逐渐平息；B. broke down崩溃；C. calmed down冷静；D. slowed down减速。根据后文“Enough already! I didn’t want to run anymore!”可知，作者濒临崩溃。 8．考查动词。句意：不顾烈日灼身，我汇集全部意志力继续前行。A. kept保持；B. tested考验；C. saved节约；D. gathered汇集。根据后文“Finally, the finish line came into sight”可知，作者汇集全部意志坚持冲向终点。 9．考查形容词。句意：跨过终点线，我浑身卸下重担，品尝到收获的喜悦。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. relieved如释重负的；C. determined坚定的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据前文“Finally, the finish line came into sight. Crossing it”可知，历经磨难终于抵达终点，内心如释重负。 10．考查动词。句意：这次艰难的马拉松成为珍贵回忆，教会我坚持的力量，鼓舞我不断挑战自我。A. observing观察；B. perfecting完善；C. challenging挑战；D. training训练。根据前文“This tough 26-mile run was my first full marathon. It became a precious memory and taught me the power of perseverance”可知，艰难完赛的经历激励作者不断挑战自我。 二、语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A （26模拟预测） During my first visit to Hangzhou, I fell in love with this incredible city. 11 impressed me most was rowing through the jade lotus leaves in West Lake, 12 (leave) me with a precious memory of nature’s breathtaking beauty. It’s also amazing 13 (explore) the local tea culture, especially learning to appreciate Longjing tea and knowing more about 14 (it) rich history. 【答案】11．What 12．leaving 13．to explore 14．its 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次游览杭州时的经历。 【解析】 11．考查主语从句。句意：最让我印象深刻的是在西湖中划过碧绿的荷叶。“____ impressed me most”在句中作主语，从句中缺少主语，表示“让我印象深刻的东西”，应用连接代词what引导该主语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：最让我印象深刻的是在西湖中划过碧绿的荷叶，这给我留下了大自然绝美景色的珍贵回忆。“(leave) me with a precious memory of nature’s breathtaking beauty”在句中作后置定语，leave(给……留下)与其逻辑主语rowing through the jade lotus leaves in West Lake之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填leaving。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：探索当地的茶文化也很棒，特别是学会欣赏龙井茶并更多地了解它丰富的历史。“It’s+adj.+to do...”是固定句型，意为“做……是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以用动词不定式to explore作主语。故填to explore。 14．考查代词。句意：探索当地的茶文化也很棒，特别是学会欣赏龙井茶并更多地了解它丰富的历史。提示词修饰名词history，用形容词性物主代词its作定语，意为“它的”。故填its。 B （26模拟预测） Gather a couple of friends and take a leisurely walk through the streets—this is 15 many youngsters enjoy doing when they visit a new city. To them, citywalk means wandering around the city on foot. Participants can follow a distinctive urban route, 16 (explore) the city at their own pace. Compared with famous 17 (spot) and big crowds, they prefer to gain a more inclusive experience of the places they visit. 【答案】15．what 16．exploring 17．spots 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍许多年轻人喜欢结伴在城市街头漫步，这种步行游览方式让他们能以自己的节奏探索城市，获得更全面的游览体验，而不是去热门景点挤人群。 【解析】 15．考查名词性从句。句意：约上几个朋友，在街上悠闲地散步——这是许多年轻人在访问一个新城市时喜欢做的事情。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句。从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 16．考查非谓语动词。句意：参与者可以沿着独特的城市路线，以自己的节奏探索城市。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Participants与explore之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填exploring。 17．考查名词的数。句意：与著名景点和拥挤的人群相比，他们更喜欢在他们参观的地方获得更全面的体验。名词spot为可数名词，泛指许多景点，用复数形式。故填spots。 C （2026·北京海淀·三模） Mr. Johnson, our elderly neighbor, was a mystery. One day, I heard beautiful piano music played with great passion 18 his house. I later learned he 19 (be) a promising pianist but gave up his dream to care for his sick family. We neighbors organized a small park concert to surprise him. Though 20 (hesitate) at first, he agreed. On that day, his fingers danced across the keys, filling the park with lovely music. It was a joyful moment for all of us as we watched his dream rekindled. 【答案】18．from/in 19．had been 20．hesitant/hesitating 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者年迈的邻居约翰逊先生曾是前途光明的钢琴家，却为照顾家人放弃梦想，邻居们为他举办音乐会，让他重拾梦想的故事。 【解析】 18．考查介词。句意：有一天，我听到从他的房子里传出饱含激情的优美钢琴曲。空处应填介词，from侧重声音源自房屋外部方位，表“从……处所传出”； in侧重声音处于房屋内部空间，表“在房子里面传出”，两个介词都符合语境。 19．考查时态。句意：后来我得知他曾是一名前途光明的钢琴家，但为照顾生病的家人放弃了自己的梦想。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，“他是一个前途光明的钢琴家”发生learned之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。 20．考查非谓语动词/形容词。句意：虽然他起初犹豫不决，但还是答应了。空处用非谓语动词和though构成状语，hesitate和逻辑主语he之间为主动关系，用现在分词；也可将从句看作though he was hesitant at first，主从句主语一致，且从句含be，故省略从句的主语和be动词was，保留形容词hesitant。 三、阅读理解(共8小题；每小题 2 分，共16分) A （2026·北京顺义·二模）When a player on the opposing team makes a terrible mistake on a big play, the reaction for many sports fans is joy: our team is going to win! But not every sports fan. In a crucial rugby game, with only 90 seconds left, the Eagles scored a touchdown, narrowing the gap with the Wolves to 27-25. They needed another two points to tie the game, which was vital for both teams. Then the ball was passed to Mark, an Eagles player at the goal line. He caught it… and dropped it — he seemed to slip on the snowy field. The whole season did come down to that play. And the Eagles blew it and lost the game. Their season was over. But at least some Wolves fans felt sympathy, even when they celebrated their victory. Mark has diabetes (糖尿病), and two Wolves fans set out to raise money for a charity supporting diabetes research that he has supported. Their language sounds just a little different from the sharp words some football fans like to use when discussing the game. “We just want to spread love; that’s really what we want to do,” they said. They ran a social media account and decided to start a charitable drive. “To be honest, we want our team to win. But we want to bring both bases together and say, ‘Hey, this is more than a game!’ We’ve got complete respect for Mark even though he was playing against us,” they said. Their effort has raised over $146,000 from more than 4,000 donations. At first, donations were mostly from Wolves fans, but as word spread, fans of the Eagles and other rugby teams joined in. Mark was disappointed about the game result but deeply touched. “I’ve seen heartfelt love and encouragement,” he said. The two fans said they remained supportive to the Wolves. But going forward, they added, “We’re definitely going to have a soft spot for the Eagles.” 21．The Eagles lost the game because _______. A．Mark made a costly mistake B．Mark got injured on the field C．the opposing team narrowed the gap D．the opposing team outperformed them 22．What did the two Wolves fans do after the game? A．They encouraged Mark to face the illness bravely. B．They prevented sharp words from spreading. C．They collected money for diabetes research. D．They established a charity organization. 23．Which would best describe the two Wolves fans? A．Generous but cautious. B．Friendly and reserved. C．Ambitious but modest. D．Loyal and caring. 24．What can we learn from the passage? A．Health outweighs wealth. B．Humanity outshines glory. C．Kindness leads to success. D．The weakest goes to the wall. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 【导语】本文主要讲的是一场关键橄榄球赛中，鹰队球员马克因在结冰场地滑倒失误致球队输掉比赛、赛季终结。不过，部分狼队球迷在庆祝胜利时对马克表示同情，得知他患糖尿病且一直支持相关研究后，两名狼队球迷发起慈善活动为其支持的糖尿病研究机构募捐。 21．细节理解题。根据第四段“Then the ball was passed to Mark, an Eagles player at the goal line. He caught it… and dropped it — he seemed to slip on the snowy field. The whole season did come down to that play. And the Eagles blew it and lost the game. Their season was over.(随后球被传给了马克，他是位于球门线上的老鹰队球员。他接住了球……然后却把它丢了——他似乎在结冰的场地上滑倒了。整个赛季就因这一次失误而告终。老鹰队犯了错，输掉了比赛。他们的赛季就此结束了。)”可知，老鹰队输掉比赛是因为马克犯了一个严重的错误。 22．细节理解题。根据第六段“Mark has diabetes (糖尿病), and two Wolves fans set out to raise money for a charity supporting diabetes research that he has supported.(马克患有糖尿病，于是两名狼队球迷决定为一个支持糖尿病研究的慈善机构筹集资金，而他本人也一直支持这项研究。)”可知，比赛结束后，这两名狼队球迷为糖尿病研究筹集了资金。 23．推理判断题。根据第六段“Mark has diabetes (糖尿病), and two Wolves fans set out to raise money for a charity supporting diabetes research that he has supported.(马克患有糖尿病，于是两名狼队球迷决定为一个支持糖尿病研究的慈善机构筹集资金，而他本人也一直支持这项研究。)”可知，这两名狼队球迷是关心他人的，可以用caring来形容；根据倒数第四段“To be honest, we want our team to win.(老实说，我们希望我们的队伍能够获胜。)”可知，这两名狼队球迷对自己的球队是忠诚的，可以用loyal来形容。 24．推理判断题。根据第六段“Mark has diabetes (糖尿病), and two Wolves fans set out to raise money for a charity supporting diabetes research that he has supported.(马克患有糖尿病，于是两名狼队球迷决定为一个支持糖尿病研究的慈善机构筹集资金，而他本人也一直支持这项研究。)”和倒数第四段“They ran a social media account and decided to start a charitable drive. “To be honest, we want our team to win. But we want to bring both bases together and say, ‘Hey, this is more than a game!’ We’ve got complete respect for Mark even though he was playing against us,” they said.(他们运营着一个社交媒体账号，并决定发起一场慈善活动。“老实说，我们希望我们的队伍能够获胜。但我们也希望将两个方面结合起来，并说：‘嘿，这不仅仅是一场比赛！’尽管马克当时是在与我们比赛，但我们对他充满了尊重。”他们说道。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一场关键橄榄球赛中，鹰队球员马克因在结冰场地滑倒失误致球队输掉比赛、赛季终结。不过，部分狼队球迷在庆祝胜利时对马克表示同情，得知他患糖尿病且一直支持相关研究后，两名狼队球迷发起慈善活动为其支持的糖尿病研究机构募捐，因此我们可以从文中学到仁爱胜过荣耀。 B （2026·北京东城·二模）A few years ago, I wrote a piece in which I declared that biography, if not quite dead, was in very poor condition. I was concerned that for far too long, it had been criticized that biographies were poorly written and just listed facts from birth to death. I even hesitated before telling people I was a biographer: it felt tantamount to admitting that I was a journalist incapable of original thought. But it turns out to be otherwise. It was more that I hadn’t been looking for it hard enough or in quite the right places. Last weekend, the University of East Anglia hosted a conference at which the masters of biography took its pulse and gave the encouraging conclusion. What has happened, these experts explained, is that biography has changed its shape. This shift has come from a growing sense that biography as it used to be done was not getting us close to the experience it was trying to describe. We all know that life isn’t actually comprised of a stately march through the decades in which loose ends, false trails and those periods where nothing much happens are tidied away out of sight. Mostly our lives feel shapeless, coming into focus only when a particular occasion makes us feel, for a few minutes at least, fully ourselves. To better reveal the authentic, unscripted nature of a life, one new approach to biography employs the presenting of something small to tell a bigger story. Frances Wilson demonstrated how effective this can be in How to Survive the Titanic. She focuses on the moment when J Bruce Ismay, the ship’s owner, jumped into a lifeboat meant for women and children, vividly charting a story about one man’s lost honour. Another approach is to organise your story around objects that carried a particular emotional charge for the person you are writing about. In The Real Jane Austen, for instance, biographer Paula Byrne pulls out an East Indian shawl (披肩) and a carringe that figured in both Austen’s personal experience and her fiction, and tells a new story around them. Other biographers have realised that their subject’s non-eventful schooling or the long holidays by the sea can be cut down to a few short paragraphs so they can spend more time on the bits that matter. These new ways of telling lives are not entirely driven by intellectual concerns. The pressures are commercial, too. People also have shorter attention spans, which means that those doorstop biographies of 400 pages can start to seem like an approaching threat rather than a delicious promise. But more and more interesting books are being published which deal with the lives of others. They may not announce themselves as “biographies”, but that doesn’t mean they aren’t. 25．What does the word “tantamount” underlined in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Superior. B．Similar. C．Unusual. D．Obvious. 26．Why does the author share his ideas on life in Paragraph 2? A．To assess its significance to biography. B．To justify the emerging trend in biography. C．To emphasize the value of modern biography. D．To argue for the authenticity of conventional biography. 27．As for the new approaches, the author would agree that ________. A．they could be more engaging B．they involve subjective descriptions C．they might be easier for writers to handle D．they help commercialize the publishing industry 28．What is the passage mainly about? A．What biography is all about. B．Whether biography should mirror life. C．Why biography is anything but in decline. D．Who defines the literary status of biography. 【答案】25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 【导语】文章主要讨论了传记非但没有衰落，反而以全新形式焕发活力。 【解析】 25．词句猜测题。根据上文“I was concerned that for far too long, it had been criticized that biographies were poorly written and just listed facts from birth to death. (我一直忧心的是，长期以来，传记饱受诟病：文笔粗糙乏味，仅仅是把人物从出生到离世的生平事实罗列堆砌而已。)”可知，过去传记饱受批评，文笔差、只会罗列事实。作者身为传记作家，觉得这份职业等同于没有独立思想的记者，是不光彩的。由此可知，tantamount意为“等同的；相当的”，与similar（相似的）含义接近。 26．推理判断题。根据第二段“This shift has come from a growing sense that biography as it used to be done was not getting us close to the experience it was trying to describe. We all know that life isn’t actually comprised of a stately march through the decades in which loose ends, false trails and those periods where nothing much happens are tidied away out of sight. Mostly our lives feel shapeless, coming into focus only when a particular occasion makes us feel, for a few minutes at least, fully ourselves.(这种转变源于一种日渐强烈的共识：传统的传记写作方式，无法让我们真正贴近它想要描摹的人生本真体验。我们都清楚，人生本就不是按部就班、庄重有序地走过数十年岁月；那些未了的心事、走岔的弯路，还有那些平淡无奇、乏善可陈的时光，本就不该被刻意修饰、隐匿抹去。大多数时候，我们的人生本就毫无章法、随性散漫，唯有在某些特定时刻，我们才能在短短片刻里，寻回完整的自我、看清本心。)”可知，第二段作者提出观点：真实的人生并不是规整有序的，而是杂乱无章、充满琐碎空白、没有条理的。传统传记强行美化、规整人生，脱离现实。作者阐述对人生的理解，是为了解释传记转型的原因，为新型传记写法提供合理性依据。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“People also have shorter attention spans, which means that those doorstop biographies of 400 pages can start to seem like an approaching threat rather than a delicious promise. But more and more interesting books are being published which deal with the lives of others.”（现在人们的注意力持续时间更短，这意味着那些厚达数百页的传统长篇传记开始更像一种负担，而非吸引人的阅读享受。但是采用新方法的传记越来越多有趣的作品被出版）可知，现代人注意力变短，厚重的传统传记让人望而却步，而采用新手法的传记作品越来越有趣。由此可推知，作者认为新手法更吸引人。 28．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A few years ago, I wrote a piece in which I declared that biography, if not quite dead, was in very poor condition.(几年前，我曾写过一篇文章，在文中我直言：传记文学就算没有彻底消亡，也早已江河日下、处境堪忧。)”和第二段“But it turns out to be otherwise. It was more that I hadn’t been looking for it hard enough or in quite the right places. Last weekend, the University of East Anglia hosted a conference at which the masters of biography took its pulse and gave the encouraging conclusion.(但事实却并非如此。更多是我当初寻找得不够用心，或是找错了方向。上周末，东英吉利大学举办了一场研讨会，传记文学界的名家齐聚于此，研判行业现状，并给出了令人振奋的结论。)”和全文内容可知，全文围绕传记没有衰落、反而焕新展开。 四、阅读表达 (共 4 小题；第 29、30题各 2 分，31题 3 分，第32题 5 分，共 12 分) （2026·北京石景山·一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 The prize may belong to the fastest, but sometimes the person who lifts the trophy (奖杯) is not the only winner. That was clearly seen at a recent cross-country race in Greenfield, Ohio. There were two main runners in the event: Marcus Lee and Daniel Rivera. Marcus, a 17-year-old from Lakeside High School, had trained for months, dreaming of earning a sports scholarship. Daniel, from North Ridge High, was known by his classmates as someone who would rather help others than gain attention for himself. He once told his teammates, “When you are standing at a crossroad, you can choose the path of self-interest, or you can go the extra mile for someone in need.” The race went smoothly at first. The runners moved like a colourful river through the trees. With less than one kilometre to go, however, Marcus stepped on a loose stone, lost his balance and fell, badly hurting his knee. “I heard a sharp sound and felt something go wrong,” Daniel later recalled. Marcus tried to stand up and waved for Daniel to pass him and keep going. For most athletes, crossing the line first is the main goal. But in that moment, winning suddenly seemed less important to Daniel. As he reached Marcus, he saw the pain on his face and heard his short, shaking breaths. Instead of running ahead, Daniel stopped and put Marcus’s arm over his shoulder. Slowly step by step, they moved towards the finish line together. “Helping him finish meant more than any medal,” Daniel said later. “That day, we both won in a different way.” 29．What event did Marcus and Daniel take part in? 30．Why had Marcus trained so hard for months? 31．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤Daniel, who had been Marcus’s close classmate at Lakeside High School, helped injured Marcus cross the finish line. 32．What do you think of Daniel’s choice in the race? (In about 40 words) 【答案】29．They took part in a cross-country race in Greenfield, Ohio. 30．He had trained hard because he dreamed of earning a sports scholarship. 31．➤Daniel, who had been Marcus’s close classmate at Lakeside High School, helped injured Marcus cross the finish line. Because according to the passage they come from different schools — Marcus is from Lakeside High School and  Daniel is from North Ridge High. 32． I think Daniel’s choice is truly inspiring. He puts kindness and compassion above personal glory, showing the best of sportsmanship. His selfless act proves that true victory lies not in winning a race, but in lifting others up. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在俄亥俄州格林菲尔德的一场越野赛跑中，原本有望夺冠的选手Daniel Rivera，在看到竞争对手Marcus Lee因摔倒膝盖受伤后，放弃独自冲线，选择搀扶Marcus一同走向终点的故事。 【解析】 29．考查细节理解。根据第一段的句子“That was clearly seen at a recent cross-country race in Greenfield, Ohio. (这在俄亥俄州格林菲尔德最近的一场越野赛跑中体现得淋漓尽致。)”和第二段的句子“There were two main runners in the event: Marcus Lee and Daniel Rivera.(这次比赛有两名主要选手：Marcus Lee和Daniel Rivera。)”可知，Marcus Lee和Daniel Rivera参加的是在俄亥俄州格林菲尔德举行的越野赛跑。故答案为They took part in a cross-country race in Greenfield, Ohio. 30．考查细节理解。根据第二段的句子“Marcus, a 17-year-old from Lakeside High School, had trained for months, dreaming of earning a sports scholarship. 17岁的Marcus来自湖滨高中，他训练了几个月，梦想着获得体育奖学金。)”可知，Marcus刻苦训练的原因是想获得体育奖学金。故答案为He had trained hard because he dreamed of earning a sports scholarship. 31．考查细节理解。根据第二段的句子“Marcus, a 17-year-old from Lakeside High School, had trained for months, dreaming of earning a sports scholarship. Daniel, from North Ridge High, was known by his classmates as someone who would rather help others than gain attention for himself.(17岁的Marcus来自湖滨高中，他训练了几个月，梦想着获得体育奖学金。Daniel来自北岭高中，同学们都知道他是一个宁愿帮助别人也不愿为自己赢得关注的人。)”可知，Marcus和Daniel两人并非同一所学校的同学，因此表述中的Daniel, who had been Marcus’s close classmate at Lakeside High School部分是错误的。故答案为Daniel, who had been Marcus’s close classmate at Lakeside High School, helped injured Marcus cross the finish line. Because according to the passage they come from different schools — Marcus is from Lakeside High School and  Daniel is from North Ridge High. 32．开放性试题。根据最后一段的句子“‘Helping him finish meant more than any medal,’ Daniel said later. ‘That day, we both won in a different way.’(丹尼尔后来说：‘帮他完成比赛比任何奖牌都重要。那天，我们都以不同的方式赢了。’)”可知，Daniel的选择体现了超越胜负的善意与体育精神。故答案为I think Daniel’s choice is truly inspiring. He puts kindness and compassion above personal glory, showing the best of sportsmanship. His selfless act proves that true victory lies not in winning a race, but in lifting others up. 五、七选五 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) （2026·北京西城·一模）Cut your sugar, get some exercise, eat your vegetables, sleep well. Every day, we are surrounded by information about how to live longer, healthier, happier lives. 33 It is to engage in the arts. Over the past few decades, evidence has been increasing to suggest that being more creative works wonders for our health. 34 And the results are astonishing, from music in surgery reducing the amount of painkillers and anti-anxiety medicines needed, to dance programs helping people with Parkinson’s disease to walk. But the arts aren’t just there for us when we are sick. As a public health scientist. I spend my days looking at data from studies — massive datasets that contain thousands of individuals who have completed questionnaires, had nurse interviews, donated blood samples and undergone brain imaging every few years of their lives. 35 Using complex statistical methods, we can look at the long-term relationship between everyday arts engagement and dozens of health outcomes. The results are remarkable. Children who engage more with the arts have a reduced risk of developing problems like depression later in life. Adults who participate more frequently in the arts and visit cultural venues are happier and feel more satisfied with their lives over the years and decades that follow 36 Kindergarteners who engage in music activities have increased prosocial skills as they head into primary school. Teenagers who are involved in bands, dance and editing school newspapers are less likely to get involved in antisocial behaviors or crime. I want to be clear: I am not suggesting the arts can solve all problems. 37 But the evidence remains that engaging regularly in creative activities that you enjoy is an investment in your health that is worth making. A．The benefits aren’t just psychological either. B．Regular arts engagement goes beyond boosting physical health. C．But there is one piece of advice I bet you have never been given. D．Many of these studies contain buried questions on arts engagement. E．Arts can be inaccessible to people because of cost and other reasons. F．Crafts, singing, theatre and writing are good for us as part of our daily lives. G．Programs being developed around the world are starting to integrate the arts into healthcare. 【答案】33．C 34．G 35．D 36．A 37．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了参与艺术活动对健康的益处，并通过科学研究数据支持了这一观点，说明将艺术融入日常生活是一种值得的健康投资。 【解析】 33．根据上文“Cut your sugar, get some exercise, eat your vegetables, sleep well. Every day, we are surrounded by information about how to live longer, healthier, happier lives. (少吃糖、多运动、吃蔬菜、睡好觉。每天，我们都被如何活得更长久、更健康、更幸福的信息所包围。)”可知，这是在列举常见的生活建议。再结合下文“It is to engage in the arts. (那就是参与艺术活动。)” 可知，下文“It”指代一种建议，因此空处应引出一种与众不同的建议，与上文的常见建议形成对比。C选项“But there is one piece of advice I bet you have never been given. (但我打赌有一条建议你从未得到过。)” 以“But”转折，引出下文不常见的建议“参与艺术活动”，其中“one piece of advice”与下文的“It”指代一致，符合语境。 34．根据下文“And the results are astonishing, from music in surgery reducing the amount of painkillers and anti-anxiety medicines needed, to dance programs helping people with Parkinson’s disease to walk.(结果令人惊讶，从手术中的音乐减少了所需的止痛药和抗焦虑药物的数量，到舞蹈项目帮助帕金森病患者行走。)”可知，此处提到了艺术在医疗方面的应用，G选项“Programs being developed around the world are starting to integrate the arts into healthcare.(世界各地正在开发的项目开始将艺术融入医疗保健。)”引出了下文的医疗应用实例“music in surgery”和“dance programs”，符合语境。 35．根据上文“As a public health scientist. I spend my days looking at data from studies — massive datasets that contain thousands of individuals who have completed questionnaires, had nurse interviews, donated blood samples and undergone brain imaging every few years of their lives. (作为一名公共卫生科学家，我每天研究来自大量研究的数据集，其中包含数千名个体，他们每隔几年完成问卷、接受护士访谈、捐献血液样本并进行脑成像。)” 可知，这些研究数据集内容广泛。再根据下文“Using complex statistical methods, we can look at the long-term relationship between everyday arts engagement and dozens of health outcomes.(使用复杂的统计方法，我们可以研究日常艺术参与与数十种健康结果之间的长期关系。)”可知， 此处开始讨论“arts engagement”与健康的关系，因此空处应能建立起“庞大研究数据”与“艺术参与”之间的联系。D选项“Many of these studies contain buried questions on arts engagement.( 其中许多研究都包含了关于艺术参与的隐含问题。)”完美地起到了这个桥梁作用，说明这些庞大的数据集中也包含了关于艺术参与的信息，从而使得下文研究两者的长期关系成为可能，符合语境。 36．根据下文“Kindergarteners who engage in music activities have increased prosocial skills as they head into primary school. Teenagers who are involved in bands, dance and editing school newspapers are less likely to get involved in antisocial behaviors or crime.(参与音乐活动的幼儿园儿童在进入小学时亲社会技能有所提高。参与乐队、舞蹈和编辑校报的青少年不太可能参与反社会行为或犯罪。)”可知，此处提到了艺术参与对儿童心理和行为方面的益处，A选项“The benefits aren’t just psychological either.(这些益处不仅仅是心理上的。)”中的“psychological”总结上文（抑郁、幸福感、生活满意度），并用“aren’t just”自然引出下文的社会行为益处（亲社会技能、减少反社会行为），起到了承上启下作用。 37．根据上文“I want to be clear: I am not suggesting the arts can solve all problems. (我想澄清一点：我并不是说艺术能解决所有问题。)”可知，作者在客观地指出艺术的局限性。下文提到“But the evidence remains that engaging regularly in creative activities that you enjoy is an investment in your health that is worth making. (但证据仍然表明，定期参与你喜欢的创造性活动是对你健康的投资，是值得的。)”定期参加创造性活动有益处，这是一个转折，重申了艺术对健康的积极价值。因此，空处的内容应既能体现艺术的某种局限性（与上文“不能解决所有问题”呼应），又不能完全否定其价值，从而为下文的转折“But...”做铺垫。E选项“Arts can be inaccessible to people because of cost and other reasons. (艺术可能因为成本和其他原因而让一些人难以接触。) 指出了艺术的一个现实局限（可及性问题），这与“不能解决所有问题”的逻辑一致，同时为下文“但……值得投资”的转折提供了合理的过渡，符合语境。 4 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $