Unit 3 Family matters 动词时态（核心语法精练）英语外研版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦动词时态专项，通过基础辨析-语境应用-综合迁移三级训练，系统提升时态运用能力与语篇理解素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1|梳理时态核心概念|构建时态基本框架| |考点夯基|单项选择15题|考查时态辨析（如现在完成时vs一般过去时）|从基础形式到时间标志词识别| |考点夯基|单句语法填空14题|动词时态变形应用|语境中时态规则运用| |考点夯基|完成句子10题|时态与固定搭配结合|语法规则与语义表达融合| |综合提升|语法填空+阅读理解2篇|真题语境综合考查|从单句到语篇的时态迁移应用|

Unit 3 Family matters 核心语法精练 （动词时态） 目录 1 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、单句语法填空 4 三、完成句子 5 三、综合提升 6 一、语法填空（模考真题） 6 二、阅读理解（模考真题） 6 一、单项选择 1．I ________ in the countryside for ten years, and that’s why I know much about crops. A．had worked B．have worked C．was working D．working 2．Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _________ off at 18:20. A．takes B．took C．will be taken D．has taken 3．The picture went missing in 1998 and nobody ________ it since then. A．sees B．saw C．had seen D．has seen 4．Go through this book, and you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience. A．would find B．will find C．find D．found 5．The number of medical schools ________18 in the early 1990s and ________ around that level ever since. A．had reached; remained B．reached; remained C．has reached; has remained D．reached; has remained 6．When I came into the living room, Grandfather and Father, _________ at the table, _________ chess. A．sat, played B．sitting, playing C．seated, were playing D．seating, played 7．On the top of the mountain ______ an old temple that has a history of 500 years. A．stand B．stood C．standing D．stands 8．Your brother ________ his homework in the next room. Please turn down the TV. A．does B．has done C．did D．is doing 9．Galileo collected facts which proved the earth ________ around the sun. A．moved B．has moved C．had moved D．moves 10．According to the schedule, the express train for Shanghai ________ at platform 3 in ten minutes, so we need to hurry. A．will depart B．is departing C．departs D．has departed 11．If it ________ tomorrow, our long-awaited hiking trip will have to be postponed, which would be a real pity. A．will rain B．is raining C．rains D．has rained 12．The popularity of this new smart device ________ rapidly, with sales expected to double this quarter, which surprises no one in the industry. A．grows B．is growing C．has grown D．grew 13．It________ heavily all day and we have no option but to cancel the meeting. A．would rain B．has been raining C．had rained D．was raining 14．The power of Charlie Chaplin’s works is not only in his acting, but also in the stories and characters he ______. A．will create B．has created C．created D．creates 15．Jane ________ as a volunteer in a village school for two months last summer. A．worked B．has worked C．works D．was working 二、单句语法填空 16．Over the last centuries, Yi costumes (carry) traditions of the Yi people. 17．We travelled through the jungle, (follow) a cliff-cut path and climbed endless hillsides. 18．The exhibition always (feature) works by young artists. 19．A strong feeling of warmth (strike) all of us when we saw the smiles on their faces. 20．So far, we (spot) many problems that the old people face in their daily lives. 21．He (seek) to explain his idea clearly, but few people in the audience could really understand him. 22．Technology really (enable) people to communicate better with each other. 23．It was the first time I (see) him so angry and passionate. 24．His lack of sleep (lead) to a serious mistake at work last week.   25．Artificial intelligence (transform) many aspects of our daily life, from how we drive to how we diagnose diseases. 26．When I was a child, I always (prefer) watching cartoons to reading books. (所给词的正确形式填空) 27．A virtual choir (able) them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. 28．Even though she was tired, she (stick) to her promise to finish the 800-meter race in the sports meeting. 29．Today, however, I received a horrible surprise. A classmate told me she (see) my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. 30．He has already (apply) for a scholarship (奖学金) to study abroad. 三、完成句子 31．这对你来说可能很难，因为这是你第一次离开父母。 It may be hard for you as this is the first time ________ ________ ________ ________ your parents. 32．She always ________ ________ ________ (树立榜样) for her little brother by finishing homework on time. 33．Their friendship ________ ________(破裂) after a heated argument last week. 34．It suddenly ________  ________ (想到，出现在脑海中) me that I had left my keys in the classroom. 35．Julia ________ ________ ________ ________ (下定决心) to become a doctor after she listened to the principal’s inspiring speech. 36．Our heartfelt thanks go to all the volunteers who have _________  _________ _________ (为……做出贡献) the success of the sports meeting. 37．Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not ________ ________ (丧失信心). 38．每当反思自己的成长历程时，她都更加懂得要向身边的长辈表达敬意。 Whenever she ______________________________ her own growth experience, she understands better that she should ________________________ the elders around her. 39．The discussion ________ ________ (集中) three main problems yesterday. 40．定期参加团队运动能使青少年增强合作意识。 Participating in team sports regularly _________ teenagers _________ _________ their sense of cooperation. 一、语法填空 （2026·重庆九龙坡·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have developed a profound appreciation for the distinctive qualities she possesses after years of marriage 1 my Chinese wife. With quiet devotion, she consistently maintains a harmonious household, 2 (manage) most domestic responsibilities independently. Although she often calls me “Làngfèi” for frequent dining out, her own 3 (finance) management is particularly impressive. I 4 (deep) admire the way she upholds our family’s social standing and respects the natural distinctions between men and women. Even so, I believe that the harmony of marriage is built on mutual adaptation. Like many, she has a determined nature — 5 quality, I, too, must admit I share. It was this 6 (realize) that led me to embrace the most valuable phrases in our marriage: “Zhīdào” (I know) and “Dòng” (I understand). Deploying (调度) them thoughtfully 7 (prevent) countless minor conflicts over cultural misunderstandings and her persistent health reminders over the past years. She has a frequent phrase “This is good for your health”, 8 meaning has shifted from nagging (唠叨) to heartfelt care. By prioritizing empathy over pride 9 mastering those simple phrases, we have built a relationship 10 (define) not by perfection, but by mutual understanding and enduring affection. This journey has taught me the true meaning of partnership. 二、阅读理解 A （2025·天津·高考真题）My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning. In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼). Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day. The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together. 11．What did the author’s mother teach her to do? A．To sew and create miniatures. B．To add imaginary figures to the dollhouse. C．To make up fairy tales set in the dollhouse. D．To do oil paintings and glue them onto the little walls. 12．Why did the author decide to update the dollhouse decades later? A．She intended to follow the trend on social media. B．She was eager to start a new career as a toy designer. C．She felt the urge to compete with other dollhouse makers. D．She was inspired by people sharing their dollhouses online. 13．What did the author learn about dollhouses from the audiobooks? A．They were initially created for play. B．People once sought comfort in them. C．Rich people sold them for money during difficult times. D．A uniform standard for their production was set in 1945. 14．What role did the dollhouse play in strengthening the emotional ties between the author and her aging mother? A．A reminder of their childhood dreams. B．A mirror of the eventful family history. C．A tool to bring back good old memories. D．A means to improve her mother’s memory. 15．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Dollhouse: A Lifelong Toy B．Growing up with the Dollhouse C．The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy D．Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing B （2026·辽宁·模拟预测）It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me. But something about my friend’s words — “I can help organize the whole thing” — stuck with me. I felt obliged (有义务的) to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by. When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in. So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way. Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there. I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “Jane, I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders. When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 16．Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning? A．She felt it hard to finish the race. B．She had no time to join in the event. C．She thought the research meaningless. D．She was reminded of her mother’s death. 17．What mainly helped the author recover from her mom’s death? A．The company of her friends. B．The inspiration from her mom. C．The pleasure in going for a run. D．The success in organizing an event. 18．Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom? A．Considerate and polite. B．Brave and humorous. C．Strong-willed and caring. D．Outgoing and patient. 19．What can we infer about the author from the passage? A．She healed via running. B．She was good at running. C．She won the race. D．She still feels guilty. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Family matters 核心语法精练 （动词时态） 目录 1 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、单句语法填空 6 三、完成句子 9 三、综合提升 11 一、语法填空（模考真题） 11 二、阅读理解（模考真题） 13 一、单项选择 1．I ________ in the countryside for ten years, and that’s why I know much about crops. A．had worked B．have worked C．was working D．working 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我在农村工作了十年，这就是为什么我对农作物很了解。根据时间状语“for ten years”可知，此处表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，使用现在完成时，谓语用have worked。故选B。 2．Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _________ off at 18:20. A．takes B．took C．will be taken D．has taken 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：看时间表。快点！4026 航班 18:20 起飞。设空处为谓语，表示按时刻表、计划好将要发生的动作，主语 Flight 4026 为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 takes。故选A。 3．The picture went missing in 1998 and nobody ________ it since then. A．sees B．saw C．had seen D．has seen 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这幅画在1998年失踪，从那以后没人见过它。根据“since then”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，其结构是“have/has done”，主语“nobody”是第三人称单数，所以用“has seen”。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为过去完成时。故选D。 4．Go through this book, and you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience. A．would find B．will find C．find D．found 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：通读这本书，你会发现经历过二战的数百万人都有不同的经历。根据“Go through this book, and”可知，此处用“祈使句+and+陈述句”的结构，表示如果祈使句的条件成立，则陈述句的结果也会发生，前面的祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句，陈述句通常用一般将来时。故选B。 5．The number of medical schools ________18 in the early 1990s and ________ around that level ever since. A．had reached; remained B．reached; remained C．has reached; has remained D．reached; has remained 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，从那以后一直保持在这个水平左右。第一空，根据时间状语“in the early 1990s”可知，本句描述过去的动作，故用一般过去时，谓语用reach“达到”的过去式reached。第二空，根据时间状语“ever since”可知，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，“The number of+名词复数”作主语时视为第三人称单数，助动词用has，第二空填has remained。故选D。 6．When I came into the living room, Grandfather and Father, _________ at the table, _________ chess. A．sat, played B．sitting, playing C．seated, were playing D．seating, played 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意：我走进客厅时，祖父和父亲正坐在桌旁下棋。分析句子可知，第一空：句子中 Grandfather and Father 后需要一个词作伴随状语，描述两人的状态。seated 是形容词化的过去分词，意为“坐着的”，常用搭配为be seated，此处省略 be 动词，直接用 seated at the table 作后置定语，修饰主语，符合语法规则。第二空：本句的时间状语是 When I came into the living room（当我走进客厅时），强调过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，因此主句要用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。主语 Grandfather and Father 是复数，所以用 were playing。故选C项。 7．On the top of the mountain ______ an old temple that has a history of 500 years. A．stand B．stood C．standing D．stands 【答案】D 【解析】考查倒装句和动词时态。句意：山顶上矗立着一座有500年历史的古庙。句首为表示地点的介词短语On the top of the mountain，句子需用完全倒装结构，即“地点状语 + 谓语动词 + 主语”。主语是an old temple，为单数名词，且陈述一般客观事实，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式stands。故选D。 8．Your brother ________ his homework in the next room. Please turn down the TV. A．does B．has done C．did D．is doing 【答案】D 【解析】考查现在进行时。句意：你弟弟正在隔壁房间做作业。请把电视音量调小。根据“Please turn down the TV”判断，弟弟正在写作业，应该使用现在进行时。故选D项。 9．Galileo collected facts which proved the earth ________ around the sun. A．moved B．has moved C．had moved D．moves 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态。句意：伽利略收集的事实证明地球绕着太阳转。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理，时态应用一般现在时，不受主句时态的影响。主语the earth是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用moves。故选D项。 10．According to the schedule, the express train for Shanghai ________ at platform 3 in ten minutes, so we need to hurry. A．will depart B．is departing C．departs D．has departed 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：根据时间表，开往上海的特快列车将在十分钟后从 3 号站台发车，所以我们得赶紧出发了。根据句中“According to the schedule(根据时间表)”可知，根据时刻表上发生的动作应该使用一般现在时表示将来。句子主语the express train为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数，depart意为“出发”。故选C。 11．If it ________ tomorrow, our long-awaited hiking trip will have to be postponed, which would be a real pity. A．will rain B．is raining C．rains D．has rained 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果明天下雨，我们期待已久的徒步旅行就不得不推迟了，这可真是令人遗憾啊。句中if引导条件状语从句符合“主将从现”。此处it为第三人称单数，故rain使用第三人称单数rains。故选C。 12．The popularity of this new smart device ________ rapidly, with sales expected to double this quarter, which surprises no one in the industry. A．grows B．is growing C．has grown D．grew 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这款新智能设备的受欢迎程度正在迅速增长，本季度销量预计将翻倍，这在业内无人感到意外。根据“with sales expected to double this quarter (本季度销量预计将翻倍)”可知，“流行度迅速增长”是当前正在发生的事，时态应用现在进行时。故选B。 13．It________ heavily all day and we have no option but to cancel the meeting. A．would rain B．has been raining C．had rained D．was raining 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：雨下了一整天，我们别无选择，只好取消会议。根据“all day”和“we have no option but to cancel the meeting”可知表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且这个动作可能还会继续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。这里一整天都在下雨，导致不得不取消会议，强调雨从过去一直下到现在。故选B。 14．The power of Charlie Chaplin’s works is not only in his acting, but also in the stories and characters he ______. A．will create B．has created C．created D．creates 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：查理·卓别林作品的力量不仅在于他的表演，还在于他创造的故事和人物。空处作限制性定语从句的谓语，“创造故事和人物”的行为发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时。故选C。 15．Jane ________ as a volunteer in a village school for two months last summer. A．worked B．has worked C．works D．was working 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：去年夏天，简在一所乡村学校做了两个月的志愿者。分析句子可知，题干中 last summer（去年夏天）是一般过去时的标志性时间状语，其核心语义是 “过去某个具体、已结束的时间段”，强调动作在过去发生且已完成，与现在无直接关联。现在完成时的核心是“过去动作与现在的联系”（如动作持续到现在、对现在有影响），排除B。故选A项。 二、单句语法填空 16．Over the last centuries, Yi costumes (carry) traditions of the Yi people. 【答案】have carried 【解析】句意：在过去的几个世纪里，彝族服饰承载着彝族人民的传统。Over the last centuries是现在完成时的标志，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，且对现在有影响。现在完成时的结构是“have/has +过去分词”，主语Yi costumes是复数，所以用have carried，在句中作谓语。 17．We travelled through the jungle, (follow) a cliff-cut path and climbed endless hillsides. 【答案】followed 【解析】句意：我们穿越丛林，沿着一条崖壁小径前行，攀爬着无尽的山坡。根据travelled可知，空处为一般过去时followed。 18．The exhibition always (feature) works by young artists. 【答案】features 【解析】句意：该展览总是展出年轻艺术家的作品。根据always以及句意可知，本句陈述常态、一贯情况，时态为一般现在时，主语The exhibition是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式。 19．A strong feeling of warmth (strike) all of us when we saw the smiles on their faces. 【答案】struck 【解析】句意：看到他们脸上的笑容，我们所有人都心头涌上一股强烈的暖意。此处为谓语动词，结合从句可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，strike的过去式为struck。 20．So far, we (spot) many problems that the old people face in their daily lives. 【答案】have spotted 【解析】句意：到目前为止，我们已经发现了许多老年人在日常生活中所面临的问题。根据上文So far可知为现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。 21．He (seek) to explain his idea clearly, but few people in the audience could really understand him. 【答案】sought 【解析】句意：他试图把自己的想法解释得清楚些，但台下听众中几乎没有人能真正理解他的意思。空格处是谓语动词，根据下文的could可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时，seek的过去式是sought。 22．Technology really (enable) people to communicate better with each other. 【答案】enables 【解析】句意：科技确实让人们能够更好地和彼此沟通交流。空处作句子谓语。本句是对客观事实的陈述，因此用一般现在时。句子主语Technology是不可数名词，谓语动词需要使用第三人称单数形式enables。 23．It was the first time I (see) him so angry and passionate. 【答案】had seen 【解析】句意：那是我第一次见到他如此愤怒又激动的样子。此处为句型It was the first time+过去完成时，空格处用过去完成时，主语是I，see的过去分词为seen。 24．His lack of sleep (lead) to a serious mistake at work last week.   【答案】led 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：上周他睡眠不足，导致了工作中的一个严重错误。句中有时间状语 last week（上周），表示过去，动词用一般过去时，lead的过去式为led“导致”。故填led。 25．Artificial intelligence (transform) many aspects of our daily life, from how we drive to how we diagnose diseases. 【答案】is transforming 【解析】考查现在进行时。句意：人工智能正在改变我们日常生活的许多方面，从我们如何驾驶到如何诊断疾病。根据语境可知，此处表示人工智能目前正在改变我们日常生活的许多方面，强调动作正在进行，应用现在进行时，主语为Artificial intelligence，be动词用is。故填is transforming。 26．When I was a child, I always (prefer) watching cartoons to reading books. (所给词的正确形式填空) 【答案】preferred 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：小时候，我总是比起看书，更喜欢看动画片。句首的时间状语 When I was a child（当我还是个孩子的时候）是一般过去时的标志，表明动作发生在过去。因此，谓语动词prefer需要使用过去式preferred。故填preferred。 27．A virtual choir (able) them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. 【答案】enables 【解析】考查动词。句意：虚拟合唱团使他们能够将自己的声音加入其他人的声音，并成为全球社区的一部分。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，应用动词enable，意为“使能够”，enable sb. to do sth.表示“使某人能够做某事”，且此处介绍一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语A virtual choir为单数，enable应用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。 28．Even though she was tired, she (stick) to her promise to finish the 800-meter race in the sports meeting. 【答案】stuck 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：尽管她很累，但她还是信守了在运动会上跑完800米的承诺。根据从句中的was可知，主句应用一般过去时，stick的过去式为stuck。故填stuck。 29．Today, however, I received a horrible surprise. A classmate told me she (see) my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. 【答案】had seen 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：然而，今天，我收到了一个可怕的意外。一个同学告诉我星期六下午她看到我的朋友和另一个女孩在咖啡馆聊天。题干中主句时态为一般过去时（received），从句动作“see（看见）”发生在主句动作“told（告知）”之前 —— 即“过去的过去”，符合过去完成时（had + 过去分词）的用法场景（表示在过去某个动作之前已完成的动作）。故填had seen。 30．He has already (apply) for a scholarship (奖学金) to study abroad. 【答案】applied 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他已经申请了出国留学的奖学金。“has already”表明句子使用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，apply的过去分词形式是applied。故填applied。 三、完成句子 31．这对你来说可能很难，因为这是你第一次离开父母。 It may be hard for you as this is the first time ________ ________ ________ ________ your parents. 【答案】 that you have left 【解析】考查固定句型和动词。this is the first time that sb. has/have done“这是某人第一次做某事”是固定句型，从句要用现在完成时，从句主语you对应助动词have，表示“离开”用leave的过去分词left。故填that；you；have；left。 32．She always ________ ________ ________ (树立榜样) for her little brother by finishing homework on time. 【答案】 sets an example 【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意：她总是通过按时完成作业为她的弟弟树立榜样。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动词短语set an example，表示“树立榜样”，在句中作谓语，根据句中always可知，句子使用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填sets an example。 33．Their friendship ________ ________(破裂) after a heated argument last week. 【答案】 fell apart 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：他们的友谊在上周的一场激烈争吵之后彻底破裂了。根据汉语提示可知短语为fall apart，根据last week可知为一般过去时。故填fell apart。 34．It suddenly ________  ________ (想到，出现在脑海中) me that I had left my keys in the classroom. 【答案】 occurred to 【解析】考查固定句型及时态。句意：我突然想到我把钥匙落在教室了。根据汉语提示“想到，出现在脑海中”，此处用固定句型It occurs to sb. that...，表示“某人突然想到……”；由从句中的had left可知，主句动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，occur的过去式为occurred。故填①occurred；②to。 35．Julia ________ ________ ________ ________ (下定决心) to become a doctor after she listened to the principal’s inspiring speech. 【答案】 made up her mind 【解析】考查固定短语和时态。 句意：听完校长鼓舞人心的演讲后，朱莉娅下定决心要成为一名医生。根据汉语提示“下定决心”可知，空处需要短语make up one’s mind，结合时间状语从句的谓语动词listened可知，句子为一般过去时。one’s替换成her。故填①made②up③her④mind。 36．Our heartfelt thanks go to all the volunteers who have _________  _________ _________ (为……做出贡献) the success of the sports meeting. 【答案】 made contributions to 【解析】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：我们向所有为运动会成功做出贡献的志愿者致以诚挚的感谢。根据“为……做出贡献”的汉语提示且三个空可知，此处是固定短语make contributions to。根据空前“have”可知，此处是现在完成时，空处动词make用过去分词形式。故填①made；②contributions； ③to。 37．Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not ________ ________ (丧失信心). 【答案】 lose heart 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平没有丧失信心。根据汉语提示“丧失信心”可知，此处应用动词短语lose heart；且空前有助动词did not，动词lose应用原形。故填lose heart。 38．每当反思自己的成长历程时，她都更加懂得要向身边的长辈表达敬意。 Whenever she ______________________________ her own growth experience, she understands better that she should ________________________ the elders around her. 【答案】 reflects on show respect to 【解析】考查动词短语和时态。中英文句子对比可知，①②空处应填“反思”，应用动词短语reflect on，与空前构成Whenever引导的时间状语从句，结合主句中的understands，可知时态为一般现在时，从句也应用一般现在时，主语为she，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式reflects；③④⑤空处应填“向……表达敬意”，应用动词短语show respect to，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填①reflects；②on；③show；④respect；⑤to。 39．The discussion ________ ________ (集中) three main problems yesterday. 【答案】 focused on 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：昨天的讨论集中在三个主要问题上。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填“集中”，应用固定短语focus on，根据时间状语yesterday可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式focused。故填①focused；②on。 40．定期参加团队运动能使青少年增强合作意识。 Participating in team sports regularly _________ teenagers _________ _________ their sense of cooperation. 【答案】 enables/allows to strengthen 【解析】考查固定搭配和时态。本句描述一般事实，用一般现在时，“Participating in team sports regularly”是句子的主语，动名词作主语，谓语用第三人称单数；“enable/allow sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“使某人能够做某事”或“允许某人做某事”。表示“增强”用动词strengthen，接在to后应用动词原形。故填enables/allows；to；strengthen。 一、语法填空 （2026·重庆九龙坡·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have developed a profound appreciation for the distinctive qualities she possesses after years of marriage 1 my Chinese wife. With quiet devotion, she consistently maintains a harmonious household, 2 (manage) most domestic responsibilities independently. Although she often calls me “Làngfèi” for frequent dining out, her own 3 (finance) management is particularly impressive. I 4 (deep) admire the way she upholds our family’s social standing and respects the natural distinctions between men and women. Even so, I believe that the harmony of marriage is built on mutual adaptation. Like many, she has a determined nature — 5 quality, I, too, must admit I share. It was this 6 (realize) that led me to embrace the most valuable phrases in our marriage: “Zhīdào” (I know) and “Dòng” (I understand). Deploying (调度) them thoughtfully 7 (prevent) countless minor conflicts over cultural misunderstandings and her persistent health reminders over the past years. She has a frequent phrase “This is good for your health”, 8 meaning has shifted from nagging (唠叨) to heartfelt care. By prioritizing empathy over pride 9 mastering those simple phrases, we have built a relationship 10 (define) not by perfection, but by mutual understanding and enduring affection. This journey has taught me the true meaning of partnership. 【答案】 1．to 2．managing 3．financial 4．deeply 5．a 6．realization 7．has prevented 8．whose 9．and 10．defined 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者与中国妻子的婚姻生活，分享两人在相处中相互理解、包容，构建和谐婚姻的感悟。 1．考查介词。句意：与中国妻子结婚多年后，我对她身上独特的品质产生了深深的欣赏。此处为固定搭配marriage to sb.，意为“与某人的婚姻”，用介词to。故填to。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：她默默付出，始终维系着家庭的和睦，独自承担了大部分家务。此处为非谓语动词作状语，she与manage为主动关系，用现在分词managing。故填managing。 3．考查形容词。句意：虽然她经常因为我频繁外出就餐而叫我“浪费”，但她自己的财务管理能力却令人印象尤为深刻。此处修饰名词management，用finance的形容词形式financial，意为“财务的”。故填financial。 4．考查副词。句意：我由衷地敬佩她维护家庭社会地位、尊重男女天然差异的处事方式。此处修饰动词admire，用deep的副词形式deeply，意为“深深地”。故填deeply。 5．考查冠词。句意：和许多人一样，她性格执着——我必须承认，这也是我所具备的一种品质。此处泛指“一种品质”，quality是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查名词。句意：正是这种认知，让我领悟到了我们婚姻中最珍贵的两句话：“知道”和“懂”。此处位于指示代词this之后，用realize的名词形式realization，为可数名词单数。故填realization。 7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，巧妙地使用这两句话，避免了无数次因文化误解和她对我健康的反复叮嘱而引发的小矛盾。根据时间状语over the past years可知，此处用现在完成时，主语为动名词短语Deploying them thoughtfully，谓语动词用单数形式，所以谓语动词为has prevented。故填has prevented。 8．考查定语从句。句意：她常说的一句话是“这对你的健康有好处”，这句话的含义已经从唠叨变成了发自内心的关怀。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为phrase，与meaning为所属关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 9．考查连词。句意：通过优先考虑共情而非自负，并且掌握这两句简单的话，我们建立起了一段并非以完美为定义，而是以相互理解和持久爱意为核心的关系。此处连接两个并列的动名词短语prioritizing empathy over pride和mastering those simple phrases，表并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过优先考虑共情而非自负，并且掌握这两句简单的话，我们建立起了一段并非以完美为定义，而是以相互理解和持久爱意为核心的关系。此处为非谓语动词作定语，relationship与define为被动关系，用过去分词defined。故填defined。 二、阅读理解 A （2025·天津·高考真题）My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning. In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼). Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day. The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together. 11．What did the author’s mother teach her to do? A．To sew and create miniatures. B．To add imaginary figures to the dollhouse. C．To make up fairy tales set in the dollhouse. D．To do oil paintings and glue them onto the little walls. 12．Why did the author decide to update the dollhouse decades later? A．She intended to follow the trend on social media. B．She was eager to start a new career as a toy designer. C．She felt the urge to compete with other dollhouse makers. D．She was inspired by people sharing their dollhouses online. 13．What did the author learn about dollhouses from the audiobooks? A．They were initially created for play. B．People once sought comfort in them. C．Rich people sold them for money during difficult times. D．A uniform standard for their production was set in 1945. 14．What role did the dollhouse play in strengthening the emotional ties between the author and her aging mother? A．A reminder of their childhood dreams. B．A mirror of the eventful family history. C．A tool to bring back good old memories. D．A means to improve her mother’s memory. 15．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Dollhouse: A Lifelong Toy B．Growing up with the Dollhouse C．The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy D．Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing 【答案】11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，包括其来源、作者小时候与母亲一起制作玩具小屋内的物品、长大后因玩具小屋而走上写作道路，以及多年后因母亲记忆力衰退而重新更新玩具小屋，并在此过程中与母亲共度美好时光的经历。 11．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. (妈妈俯身在我身上，双手放在我的手上，轻轻地把小块布料引到针下，做成玩具小屋的床上用品。她还教我制作迷你毯子。妈妈用一点颜料和胶水向我展示，任何东西都可以变成玩具小屋的家具。)”可知，作者的妈妈教她缝纫和制作微型物品。故选A项。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. (一天，在写了四个小时的第四本书后，我上网休息了一下，碰巧注意到人们在社交媒体上发布的漂亮的玩具小屋。它们让我想起了我的玩具小屋。我去了阁楼，把它带回我的房间，开始更新它。)”可知，作者决定更新玩具小屋是因为她在网上看到人们分享他们的玩具小屋，这让她想起了自己的玩具小屋。故选D项。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段中“During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. (在无意识地缝纫和布置家具的几个小时里，我听了一些关于玩具小屋历史的有声书，了解到它们并不是为了玩而发明的。人们在困境中求助于玩具小屋以寻求安慰，有着悠久而丰富的历史。)”可知，作者从有声书中了解到人们曾经在玩具小屋中寻求安慰。故选B项。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. (事实是我自己也需要艺术来拯救这一天。当时，由于记忆力逐渐衰退，妈妈正从我身边溜走。我们唯一能真正愉快地讨论的话题就是玩具小屋的更新。她喜欢重述它的历史——那些古老的记忆。)”可知，玩具小屋是作者和母亲一起回忆美好旧时光的工具，在母亲记忆力衰退的情况下，它成为了加强她们之间情感联系的纽带。故选C项。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. (事实是我自己也需要艺术来拯救这一天。当时，由于记忆力逐渐衰退，妈妈正从我身边溜走。我们唯一能真正愉快地讨论的话题就是玩具小屋的更新。她喜欢重述它的历史——那些古老的记忆。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，玩具小屋不仅仅是玩具，它承载了作者和母亲的美好回忆和情感，C项“The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy (玩具小屋：不仅仅是一个玩具)”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。 B （2026·辽宁·模拟预测）It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me. But something about my friend’s words — “I can help organize the whole thing” — stuck with me. I felt obliged (有义务的) to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by. When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in. So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way. Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there. I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “Jane, I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders. When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 16．Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning? A．She felt it hard to finish the race. B．She had no time to join in the event. C．She thought the research meaningless. D．She was reminded of her mother’s death. 17．What mainly helped the author recover from her mom’s death? A．The company of her friends. B．The inspiration from her mom. C．The pleasure in going for a run. D．The success in organizing an event. 18．Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom? A．Considerate and polite. B．Brave and humorous. C．Strong-willed and caring. D．Outgoing and patient. 19．What can we infer about the author from the passage? A．She healed via running. B．She was good at running. C．She won the race. D．She still feels guilty. 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 【导语】本文讲述作者在母亲因癌症离世后陷入低谷，通过参与公益跑步赛事、坚持跑步训练，重拾生活勇气、走出悲伤、完成自我治愈的故事。 【解析】16．细节理解题。根据第一段“It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.(妈妈去世一周后，我不知道该如何继续生活。所以当我收到朋友一封关于一场为癌症研究筹款的赛跑比赛的邮件时，我选择无视。这件事让我无比心痛，因为癌症正是夺走我母亲生命的疾病)”可知，作者忽略邮件是因为这场比赛让她想起母亲的离世，内心难以接受。 17．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.(她是一个从不服输的人，正是这种精神支撑着我走了出来)”可知，母亲坚韧不屈的精神激励着作者，帮助她从丧母的悲痛中走出来。 18．推理判断题。 根据第二段中的“She was the type who never got defeated.(她是那种从不认输的人)”可知母亲意志坚强；根据第六段中的“Jane, I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.(简，我不希望你为任何事感到内疚)”可知母亲非常体贴、关心女儿的感受。因此，母亲是坚强且体贴的。 19．推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段“Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.(冲过终点线时，我满心都是母亲的爱，内心无比平静)”可知，作者通过跑步排解悲伤、治愈了内心的伤痛。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $