内容正文:
基于课程标准的“教-学-评”一致性课堂教学设计
科目
英语
授课教材
人教版九年级上册
授课题目
Unit 1 The Changing World
Section B 3a-3d
课时
课型
第6课时
读写课
主题情境
人与自我(成长变化、自我认知)
授课教师
语篇研读
【What】
本课核心语篇是一篇题为“Changes in My Life”的学生习作范文。文章以第一人称叙述,按“总—分—总”结构展开:开头段总起(Now that I am older, my life is different...),中间三段分别从school(上学方式)、home(居住条件)、study(学习方式)三个维度描述过去与现在的对比,结尾段总结变化并点明不变的东西(the feeling of love and happiness shared by my family)。全文混合使用一般过去时(含used to)和现在完成时,清晰呈现了“过去状态→现在结果”的变化逻辑。
【Why】
旨在通过一篇贴近学生生活的范文,引导学生学习如何有条理地描述自身成长过程中的变化。帮助学生理解“总—分—总”的篇章结构,掌握使用used to描述过去习惯、使用现在完成时描述变化结果的时态功能,并学会在结尾处提炼“不变”的主题,使文章立意升华。同时,通过范文的语言支架,为学生独立写作提供可模仿的范本。
【How】
采用“阅读范文→分析结构→积累语言→仿写输出”的读写结合模式。阅读阶段通过问题(3a)、段落匹配、表格填写(3b)、思维导图等活动,引导学生深入理解范文的内容、结构和语言特点。写前阶段通过3c表格填写个人变化、提供分类词汇和句型支架,降低写作难度。写中阶段设置真实的写作任务(发言稿),要求从school / home / study / transport中选择三个方面进行对比,并使用used to和现在完成时。写后阶段通过自评互评和展示,促进修改和完善。
学情分析
学生经过本单元前五课时的学习,已熟练掌握used to和现在完成时的用法,并能用这两种时态描述环境和社会变化。本课将话题转向学生自身的成长变化,内容更加贴近个人生活,学生有话可说、有感可发。但对于如何组织一篇结构完整、逻辑清晰的记叙文(尤其是“总—分—总”结构和结尾升华),部分学生可能缺乏经验。此外,学生在写作中容易出现时态混用(如忘记在used to后用动词原形、现在完成时忘记加have/has)或内容空洞等问题,需要教师提供明确的结构框架和语言支架。
课标要求
· 能根据写作要求,收集、准备素材,独立起草短文。
· 能使用常见的连接词表示顺序和逻辑关系。
· 能在教师的帮助下或以小组讨论的方式修改作文。
· 能根据话题进行情景对话,并尝试进行角色扮演。
教学目标
通过本节课学习,学生能够:
1. 通过阅读3a范文,获取作者在school, home, study三个方面的过去与现在信息,完成3b表格;识别范文的篇章结构(总—分—总),感知used to do和现在完成时在文中的功能;概括范文的写作框架(Introduction→Body→Conclusion),整合可用于自身写作的句型表达。(学习理解)
2. 分析范文的段落功能和逻辑连接方式,判断哪些表达可以迁移到自己的写作中;运用范文中的核心句型和连接词,完成3c的个人变化笔记整理;运用目标语言,口头描述自己在学校、家庭、学习等方面的变化。(应用实践)
3. 运用所学结构和语言,独立完成一篇关于自身变化的短文写作;依据评价标准进行自评和互评,反思自己的写作。(迁移创新)
教学
重难点
重点: 掌握“总—分—总”的篇章结构;熟练运用used to描述过去、现在完成时描述变化;能从school, home, study, transport等方面选取三个进行对比写作。
难点: 在写作中合理使用连接词(however, but now, on the other hand等)使文章连贯;在结尾处提炼“不变”的主题,实现立意升华。
核心语言
【核心词汇】junior, flat, discussion, aspect, confident, shy, achieve, transport, neighbourhood, environment
【核心句型】
总起:Great changes have taken place in my life. / My life is different from before.
描述过去:I used to... / My family used to... / There used to be... / When I was in primary school, I...
描述现在:But now... / Now I... / I have become... / We have moved to... / I take... / I enjoy... 对比连接:However, / But now, / On the other hand, / Unlike before,
总结变化:My life has changed in many ways. / I have changed a lot.
描述不变:But one thing has stayed the same:... / One thing remains unchanged: ...
教学工具
PPT课件、3a范文打印稿、3c表格、写作评价清单、示例海报
教学策略
过程性写作教学法、读写结合教学法、合作学习法、范例教学法
教学过程
教学环节
教学活动
学生活动
设计意图
Part1:
Lead-in
(5min)
1. Activity Introduction: Present the slide: “Next week we will have a ‘Growing Up Story Sharing’ activity. You need to write a short passage about the changes in your life since primary school.”
2. Brainstorming: Ask: “What changes have taken place in your life since primary school?” Guide Ss to think about school, home, study, transport, etc. Write their ideas on the board.
3. Topic Transition: Say: “Now let’s read a passage written by a student about his changes. Let’s see how he organized his ideas and what we can learn from him.”
1. Listen to the task description and get motivated.
2. Brainstorm changes in their own lives and share with the class.
3. Get ready to read the sample passage.
1. 通过真实的“成长故事分享会”情境导入,激发学生的写作动机。
2. 头脑风暴帮助学生激活个人经历,为后续阅读和写作做准备。
3. 自然过渡到范文阅读,建立“读”与“写”的联系。
效果评价:观察学生头脑风暴的参与度和内容质量,评估其对“变化”话题的熟悉程度。
Part 2:
Pre-writing
(15min)
1. First Reading – Main Idea (3a Q1): Have Ss read the passage quickly and answer: “What is the passage mainly about?” Check answer: changes in the student’s life since primary school.
2. Second Reading – Detail (3a Q2): Ask: “What has stayed the same in the student’s life?” Guide Ss to find the last sentence.
3. Paragraph Matching: Display the passage and have Ss match each part with the main topic: Beginning (Para 1) → Body (Para 2-4) → Ending (Para 5).
4. Table Completion (3b): Guide Ss to read again and fill in the chart comparing past and present in school, home, and study. Check answers.
5. Mind Map: Help Ss create a mind map of the passage structure (Introduction → Body: School, Home, Study → Conclusion).
6. Language Focus: Ask Ss to underline sentences that describe the past (used to, was/were) and the present (now, have become, has changed). Discuss the function of each tense.
1. Read quickly to grasp the main idea.
2. Read carefully to find the “unchanged” element.
3. Match paragraphs with topics, understanding the structure.
4. Extract specific information to complete the table.
5. Create a mind map summarizing the structure.
6. Underline and analyze tense usage.
1. 通过问题驱动阅读,训练学生获取主旨和细节的能力。
2. 段落匹配和思维导图帮助学生直观理解“总—分—总”结构。
3. 表格填写(3b)训练对比信息的提取和组织能力。
4. 语言聚焦环节引导学生关注used to和现在完成时的功能,为写作储备语言。
效果评价:检查3a两个问题的回答、段落匹配和3b表格的完成情况,评估学生对范文内容和结构的理解程度。通过提问“Why does the writer use ‘used to’ here?”等,评估学生对时态功能的感知。
Part 3:
While-writing(10min)
1. Personal Brainstorming (3c): Present the extended table (school, home, study, neighbourhood, transport, environment). Have Ss choose 3 aspects and fill in their own past/present information. Provide example notes if needed.
2. Language Support: Display the “useful expressions” table from PPT (总起、描述过去、描述现在、对比连接、总结变化、描述不变). Read through and explain.
3. Model Analysis: Show the sample writing from PPT (“Changes in My Life”). Analyze how it follows the structure and uses the expressions.
4. Writing Task: Assign the task: “假设你是李华,下周你班的英语课堂分享将以‘变化中的我们’为主题。请你根据下面提示,以‘Changes in My Life’为题,用英语写一篇发言稿。” Requirements: choose 3 aspects from school/home/study/transport; use used to and present perfect; end with something unchanged; 80-100 words.
5. Independent Writing: Give Ss 6-7 minutes to write their first draft. Circulate and provide individual guidance.
1. Think about their own changes and fill in the table.
2. Learn and take notes on useful expressions.
3. Study the sample writing to see how to apply the structure and expressions.
4. Understand the writing task and its requirements.
5. Write the first draft independently.
1. 3c表格填写帮助学生生成个人写作素材,解决“写什么”的问题。
2. 语言支架(句型表)解决“怎么写”的问题,降低写作焦虑。
3. 范文分析展示如何将素材、结构和语言三者结合,提供直观示范。
4. 明确的任务要求和限时写作训练学生的写作速度和应试能力。
5. 教师巡视能及时发现共性问题并给予个性化指导。
效果评价:巡视学生的3c表格填写和写作过程,关注其是否选择了合适的方面、是否正确使用时态和结构。通过个别提问,了解学生的写作思路和遇到的困难。
Part 4:
Post-writing
(12min)
1. Self-check: Ask Ss to read their own drafts and check: 1) Did I include 3 aspects? 2) Did I use “used to” and present perfect? 3) Did I end with something unchanged?
2. Peer Review: Pair up Ss. Display a simple checklist: a) Structure clear (intro-body-conclusion)? b) Past vs present clearly compared? c) At least 2 “used to” sentences? d) At least 2 present perfect sentences? e) Spelling/grammar errors? Have Ss exchange drafts and give feedback.
3. Revision: Give Ss 2-3 minutes to revise based on self-check and peer feedback.
4. Sharing: Invite 2 volunteers to read their revised passages aloud. The class gives compliments (e.g., “I like the way you described your home change.”).
1. Self-check their own drafts against the criteria.
2. Exchange drafts with a partner, use the checklist to evaluate, and write comments.
3. Revise their drafts based on feedback.
4. Listen to peers’ works and give positive comments.
1. 自评培养学生的元认知能力和自我监控能力。
2. 同伴互评培养读者意识和合作学习能力,清单使评价有据可依。
3. 修改环节强调写作是一个不断完善的过程。
4. 分享和欣赏环节增强学生的成就感,营造积极的学习氛围。
效果评价:观察学生自评和互评的认真程度。查看修改后的作文,评估学生根据反馈改进的能力。通过分享的作品,评估本课核心教学目标的达成度。
Part 5:
Summary
(2min)
Use the summary slide to review the key learning points.
Follow the teacher to review the key points.
简洁总结帮助学生梳理本课所学写作框架和核心语言,形成结构化知识。
Part 6:
Language points
(5min)
Explain key language points from the lesson in detail, using the PPT slides.
Listen, take notes on the usage, collocations, and example sentences of each word. Complete the related exercises
聚焦课文中的核心词汇进行深度讲解和巩固,确保学生掌握其准确用法,为语言输出打好基础。
Part 7:
Exercise
(5min)
Guide Ss to complete the in-class exercises.
Complete the in-class exercises independently. Check answers with the teacher.
通过即时、有针对性的练习,检测学生对本节课核心语言知识的掌握情况,巩固学习成果。
Part 8:
Homework
基础作业: 用“used to... but now...”造句5个,分别描述school, home, study, transport, friendship方面的变化。
进阶作业: 为“Changes in My Hometown”写一个写作提纲(三段式),列出每个段落要写的内容和计划使用的句型。
拓展作业: 将你的作文配上2-3张照片(过去vs现在),制作一张英文海报“My Growth Story”,在班级“成长故事分享会”中展示。
Record the homework tasks.
作业设计体现巩固、迁移与角色转换。基础作业是课堂任务的最终完成;进阶作业鼓励将所学迁移到新情境,进行创造性写作;拓展作业转换视角,训练另一种类型的邮件写作,培养综合语言运用能力。
板书设计
教学反思
本课作为读写课,成功践行了“以读促写”的教学理念。通过阅读一篇结构清晰、语言典范的学生范文,引导学生系统地分析了“总—分—总”的篇章结构、used to与现在完成时的时态功能以及对比连接的表达方式。写前阶段的3c表格填写和句型支架有效降低了写作难度,使大多数学生能够顺利完成初稿。同伴互评和修改环节培养了学生的读者意识和反思能力。语言点讲解结合练习,扎实有效。需注意的是,部分学生在写作时对时态的混合使用仍不够熟练(如在描述现在时误用一般过去时),后续需要在日常练习中加强时态对比训练。另外,在有限课堂时间内,写作时间略显紧张,部分学生未能完成初稿,今后可适当延长写作时间或将初稿作为课前预习任务。总体而言,本节课较好地达成了读写结合的教学目标,学生能够运用所学结构和方法完成关于自身变化的短文写作。
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