高考英语长难句专项突破练习3 -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦长难句结构分析与语言转化，通过从句识别、主干提取、语法应用及双向翻译的递进训练，系统提升英语语言理解与表达能力，培养逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |从句结构分析|10题|识别从句类型及成分|从语法结构识别切入，奠定长难句理解基础| |断句与主干提取|5题|提取主干并分析修饰成分|深化句子核心成分把握，建立结构拆解能力| |语法填空|20题|单词或词形变化填空|强化语法规则应用，衔接结构分析与语言输出| |中译英|5题|运用核心词汇及长难句结构翻译|实现从中文到英文的结构转化，提升表达准确性| |英译中|5题|准确理解结构并翻译|完成从英文到中文的意义转化，巩固理解能力|

高考英语长难句专项突破练习4 一、从句结构分析 要求：请指出下列长难句中包含的从句类型，并简要说明在句中的成分或修饰像。 1.Whoever sticks to low-carbon living will make a difference to the whole ecological environment. 2.The park,whose abundant plants attract lots of butterflies,has become a popular natural classroom for kids 3.It appears obvious that overfishing,which destroys marine balance,leads to the decrease of sea species. 4.Even if environmental policies are carried out strictly,long-term ecological recovery still takes decades. 5.The fact is that many remote villages lack enough equipment to deal with household waste. 6.The moment the bell rings for class,students will share their field notes about wild plants. 7.There is little chance that chemical fertilizer,which pollutes underground water,will disappear in a short time. 8.We will build waste recycling stations wherever residents produce large amounts of garbage. 9.The reason why green travel is encouraged is that it effectively cuts down vehicle exhaust emissions. 10.It was not until local government took practical measures that the polluted lake regained its original beauty. 二、长难句断句与主干提取 要求：划去句子中的修饰成粉（定语、状语、插入语、非谓语等），提取句子核心主干（主语+谓语+宾语 表语)，并指出被划去部分的语法功能。 1.Having finished ecological observation in mountains,the group of teenagers,supported by biology teachers,submitted a research report on rare wild flowers last week. 2.In view of the truth that plastic bags cannot break down easily,supermarkets stop providing free disposable packaging. 3.That human activities damage natural habitats has aroused wide public concern across the country. 4.The newly built wetland museum,filled with wildlife specimens,provides visitors with vivid eco- science lessons all year round. 5.It is regular public eco-lectures that gradually change people's wrong consumption concepts. 三、长难句语法填空 要求：在空白处填入适当单词(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子语法完整语义通顺 1. (base)on official ecological statistics,local authorities adjusted the forest protection plan. 2.The field researcher, devotion to wildlife protection won nationwide praise,works in remote mountain areas. 3.It is natural that local villagers_(object)to random industrial waste discharge nearby. 4.At no time efactory owners ignore the official rules of pollution control. 5.The community garden_(expand)next year will offer free growing space for citizens. 6._determines the survival of wetlands is stable water supply and complete plant coverage. 7.The approachvillagers adopt to recycle crop waste greatly reduces agricultural pollution. 8.Microplastic spreads widely_many freshwater creatures suffer from poisoning. 9.The expert together with several assistants_(conduct)a river quality survey this whole week. 10. (expose)to constant chemical pollution,many aquatic plants died out years ago. 11.This is the very mountain streamrare amphibians rely on to reproduce. 12.There rises a questionthe new green policy can benefit rural families fully. 13.Only by sticking to daily green habitswe achieve the long-term eco-goal. 14.Officials put forward a proposalmore wetland reserves should be built in hilly zones. 15.wind power costs little to operate,many villages choose to install wind turbines. 16.The documentary(record)by college students shows the revival of polluted rivers. 17.It was through joint village effortsthe local wetland regained rich biodiversity. 18.Environmental workers deemessential to carry out regular wild animal monitoring 19.I have no cluethe annual eco-camp will be open to teenagers this summer. 20.The equipment (filter)industrial sewage is widely used in small processing factories. 四、长难句中译英 要求：运用高考核心词汇及长难句结构，将下列中文句子翻译成英文。 1.毫无疑问，推广生态农耕既能削减化肥投放量，又能维持土壤天然肥力。 2.正是乡镇常态化环保宣讲，逐步扭转了村民随意丢弃废弃物的固有陋习。 3.只有全体民众主动参与山林管护，我们才能长期守护本土珍稀野生动植物资源。 4.无论荒山修复工程消耗多少人力物资，当地志愿者都会全年坚持管护作业。 5.这支专攻地下水污染治理的科研小组，上月面向村镇居民开展免费科普宣讲活动。 五、长难句英译中 要求：准确理解句子结构，用通顺的中文翻泽下列英文长难句。 1.It is the widespread application of geothermal heating equipment that greatly lowers household power consumption. 2.Even though eco-popularization courses gain great popularity in campuses,plenty of families ignore green living modes at home. 3.The mountain restoration project,which gets financial support from local enterprises,aims to recover clean mountain water environments. 4.What ecological researchers have emphasized repeatedly is that forest coverage determines the ecological balance of a whole region. 5.Provided that strict waste supervision rules are put into force,rural pollution problems will be effectively relieved. 高考英语长难句专项突破练习4 一、 从句结构分析 要求：请指出下列长难句中包含的从句类型，并简要说明其在句中的成分或修饰对象。 1. Whoever sticks to low-carbon living will make a difference to the whole ecological environment. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The park, whose abundant plants attract lots of butterflies, has become a popular natural classroom for kids. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. It appears obvious that overfishing, which destroys marine balance, leads to the decrease of sea species. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Even if environmental policies are carried out strictly, long-term ecological recovery still takes decades. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The fact is that many remote villages lack enough equipment to deal with household waste. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. The moment the bell rings for class, students will share their field notes about wild plants. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. There is little chance that chemical fertilizer, which pollutes underground water, will disappear in a short time. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. We will build waste recycling stations wherever residents produce large amounts of garbage. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. The reason why green travel is encouraged is that it effectively cuts down vehicle exhaust emissions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. It was not until local government took practical measures that the polluted lake regained its original beauty. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、长难句断句与主干提取 要求：划去句子中的修饰成分（定语、状语、插入语、非谓语等），提取句子核心主干（主语+谓语+宾语/表语），并指出被划去部分的语法功能。 1. Having finished ecological observation in mountains, the group of teenagers, supported by biology teachers, submitted a research report on rare wild flowers last week. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. In view of the truth that plastic bags cannot break down easily, supermarkets stop providing free disposable packaging. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. That human activities damage natural habitats has aroused wide public concern across the country. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. The newly built wetland museum, filled with wildlife specimens, provides visitors with vivid eco-science lessons all year round. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. It is regular public eco-lectures that gradually change people’s wrong consumption concepts. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、 长难句语法填空 要求：在空白处填入适当单词（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子语法完整、语义通顺。 1. _______ (base) on official ecological statistics, local authorities adjusted the forest protection plan. 2. The field researcher, _______ devotion to wildlife protection won nationwide praise, works in remote mountain areas. 3. It is natural that local villagers _______ (object) to random industrial waste discharge nearby. 4. At no time _______ factory owners ignore the official rules of pollution control. 5. The community garden _______ (expand) next year will offer free growing space for citizens. 6. _______ determines the survival of wetlands is stable water supply and complete plant coverage. 7. The approach _______ villagers adopt to recycle crop waste greatly reduces agricultural pollution. 8. Microplastic spreads widely _______ many freshwater creatures suffer from poisoning. 9. The expert together with several assistants _______ (conduct) a river quality survey this whole week. 10. _______ (expose) to constant chemical pollution, many aquatic plants died out years ago. 11. This is the very mountain stream _______ rare amphibians rely on to reproduce. 12. There rises a question _______ the new green policy can benefit rural families fully. 13. Only by sticking to daily green habits _______ we achieve the long-term eco-goal. 14. Officials put forward a proposal _______ more wetland reserves should be built in hilly zones. 15. _______ wind power costs little to operate, many villages choose to install wind turbines. 16. The documentary _______ (record) by college students shows the revival of polluted rivers. 17. It was through joint village efforts _______ the local wetland regained rich biodiversity. 18. Environmental workers deem _______ essential to carry out regular wild animal monitoring. 19. I have no clue _______ the annual eco-camp will be open to teenagers this summer. 20. The equipment _______ (filter) industrial sewage is widely used in small processing factories. 四、 长难句中译英 要求： 运用高考核心词汇及长难句结构，将下列中文句子翻译成英文。 1. 毫无疑问，推广生态农耕既能削减化肥投放量，又能维持土壤天然肥力。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 正是乡镇常态化环保宣讲，逐步扭转了村民随意丢弃废弃物的固有陋习。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 只有全体民众主动参与山林管护，我们才能长期守护本土珍稀野生动植物资源。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 无论荒山修复工程消耗多少人力物资，当地志愿者都会全年坚持管护作业。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 这支专攻地下水污染治理的科研小组，上月面向村镇居民开展免费科普宣讲活动。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、 长难句英译中 要求： 准确理解句子结构，用通顺的中文翻译下列英文长难句。 1. It is the widespread application of geothermal heating equipment that greatly lowers household power consumption. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Even though eco-popularization courses gain great popularity in campuses, plenty of families ignore green living modes at home. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The mountain restoration project, which gets financial support from local enterprises, aims to recover clean mountain water environments. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What ecological researchers have emphasized repeatedly is that forest coverage determines the ecological balance of a whole region. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Provided that strict waste supervision rules are put into force, rural pollution problems will be effectively relieved. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高考英语长难句专项突破练习4 一、 从句结构分析 要求：请指出下列长难句中包含的从句类型，并简要说明其在句中的成分或修饰对象。 1. Whoever sticks to low-carbon living will make a difference to the whole ecological environment. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The park, whose abundant plants attract lots of butterflies, has become a popular natural classroom for kids. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. It appears obvious that overfishing, which destroys marine balance, leads to the decrease of sea species. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Even if environmental policies are carried out strictly, long-term ecological recovery still takes decades. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The fact is that many remote villages lack enough equipment to deal with household waste. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. The moment the bell rings for class, students will share their field notes about wild plants. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. There is little chance that chemical fertilizer, which pollutes underground water, will disappear in a short time. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. We will build waste recycling stations wherever residents produce large amounts of garbage. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. The reason why green travel is encouraged is that it effectively cuts down vehicle exhaust emissions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. It was not until local government took practical measures that the polluted lake regained its original beauty. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案与详细解析】 1. 主语从句；Whoever引导主语从句在句中作主语，指“任何……的人”，主句谓语为will make。 2. 非限制性定语从句；whose修饰先行词the park，在从句中作定语修饰plants，无其他从句。 3. 形式主语从句+非限制性定语从句；It作形式主语，that从句为真正主语；which修饰overfishing，作从句主语。 4. 让步状语从句；Even if引导让步状语从句，表“即使”，后半句为主句。 5. 表语从句；that引导表语从句置于系动词is后，解释主语the fact的具体内容。 6. 时间状语从句；The moment引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就”，修饰主句动作share。 7. 同位语从句+非限制性定语从句；that从句解释抽象名词chance；which修饰chemical fertilizer，充当从句主语。 8. 地点状语从句；wherever引导地点状语从句，表“凡是……之处”，修饰主句谓语will build。 9. 限制性定语从句+表语从句；why引导定语从句修饰the reason；that引导表语从句说明原因内容。 10. 强调句型内嵌时间状语从句；It was not until…that…专属强调结构，被强调部分为时间状语从句。 二、长难句断句与主干提取 要求：划去句子中的修饰成分（定语、状语、插入语、非谓语等），提取句子核心主干（主语+谓语+宾语/表语），并指出被划去部分的语法功能。 1. Having finished ecological observation in mountains, the group of teenagers, supported by biology teachers, submitted a research report on rare wild flowers last week. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. In view of the truth that plastic bags cannot break down easily, supermarkets stop providing free disposable packaging. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. That human activities damage natural habitats has aroused wide public concern across the country. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. The newly built wetland museum, filled with wildlife specimens, provides visitors with vivid eco-science lessons all year round. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. It is regular public eco-lectures that gradually change people’s wrong consumption concepts. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案与详细解析】 1. 主干：The group of teenagers submitted a research report. 解析：划去Having finished ecological observation in mountains（现在分词完成式作时间状语）；supported by biology teachers（过去分词短语作插入定语修饰group）；last week（时间状语）。 2. 主干：supermarkets stop providing free disposable packaging. 解析：划去In view of the truth that plastic bags cannot break down easily（介词短语作原因状语；that引导同位语从句解释truth）。 3. 主干：That human activities damage natural habitats has aroused wide public concern. 解析：主语为that引导主语从句，across the country为地点状语可划去，无其他复杂修饰。 4. 主干：The newly built wetland museum provides visitors with vivid eco-science lessons. 解析：划去filled with wildlife specimens（过去分词后置定语修饰museum）；all year round（时间状语）。 5. 主干：Regular public eco-lectures gradually change people’s wrong consumption concepts. 解析：It is…that…强调句型，It仅作形式主语；newly built、vivid、wrong均为前置形容词定语。 三、 长难句语法填空 要求：在空白处填入适当单词（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子语法完整、语义通顺。 1. _______ (base) on official ecological statistics, local authorities adjusted the forest protection plan. 2. The field researcher, _______ devotion to wildlife protection won nationwide praise, works in remote mountain areas. 3. It is natural that local villagers _______ (object) to random industrial waste discharge nearby. 4. At no time _______ factory owners ignore the official rules of pollution control. 5. The community garden _______ (expand) next year will offer free growing space for citizens. 6. _______ determines the survival of wetlands is stable water supply and complete plant coverage. 7. The approach _______ villagers adopt to recycle crop waste greatly reduces agricultural pollution. 8. Microplastic spreads widely _______ many freshwater creatures suffer from poisoning. 9. The expert together with several assistants _______ (conduct) a river quality survey this whole week. 10. _______ (expose) to constant chemical pollution, many aquatic plants died out years ago. 11. This is the very mountain stream _______ rare amphibians rely on to reproduce. 12. There rises a question _______ the new green policy can benefit rural families fully. 13. Only by sticking to daily green habits _______ we achieve the long-term eco-goal. 14. Officials put forward a proposal _______ more wetland reserves should be built in hilly zones. 15. _______ wind power costs little to operate, many villages choose to install wind turbines. 16. The documentary _______ (record) by college students shows the revival of polluted rivers. 17. It was through joint village efforts _______ the local wetland regained rich biodiversity. 18. Environmental workers deem _______ essential to carry out regular wild animal monitoring. 19. I have no clue _______ the annual eco-camp will be open to teenagers this summer. 20. The equipment _______ (filter) industrial sewage is widely used in small processing factories. 【答案与详细解析】 1. Based 考点：be based on 固定分词状语（全新搭配，区别之前judging from/absorbed in） 解析：逻辑主语plan与base为被动，过去分词作句首评注性状语；base、statistic、adjust均为3500核心词。 2. whose 考点：定语从句whose表所属关系（搭配devotion to，区别前文work focus） 解析：先行词researcher与devotion为所属，whose修饰devotion；devotion、wildlife为高考核心词。 3. (should) object 考点：It is natural that情绪类虚拟语气（区别It is strange/urgent虚拟句式） 解析：natural引导的虚拟从句用(should)+动词原形；object to为全新固定搭配，前文未出现。 4. do 考点：At no time否定短语置于句首，一般现在时倒装（区别Rarely/Hardly倒装结构） 解析：At no time表“绝不”，主语owners复数，借助助动词do倒装；固定搭配无重复。 5. to be expanded 考点：不定式将来被动后置定语（区别being constructed/finished过去分词定语） 解析：next year表将来，garden与expand被动，不定式表待完成动作；expand为3500词。 6. What 考点：what引导缺主语型主语从句（区别whether引导疑问型主语从句） 解析：从句缺少指代事物的主语，what充当从句主语；coverage、supply为高考词汇。 7. that 考点：the approach后定语从句引导词that（固定搭配the approach to doing，区别the way） 解析：先行词approach作adopt宾语，用that；approach recycle为全新搭配，前文未考查。 8. so 考点：并列连词so连接独立分句表因果（区别so…that复合结果从句） 解析：前后两个完整简单句，so作并列连词表因此，无重复句式。 9. will conduct 考点：together with就前主谓一致+将来进行时（区别现在进行时at present） 解析：this whole week表持续将来动作，主语expert单数，用will conduct；conduct survey全新搭配。 10. Exposed 考点：be exposed to固定分词状语（全新词组，区别discouraged/tired搭配） 解析：plants与expose被动，exposed to表“暴露于”，pollution、aquatic均为3500词。 11. that 考点：先行词被the very修饰，定语从句只能用that（专属限定考点，无重复） 解析：stream前the very限定，关系代词that作on的宾语；amphibian高考拓展词。 12. whether 考点：question后whether引导同位语从句（区别doubt/belief同位语搭配） 解析：肯定抽象名词question后用whether表“是否”，不可用if，搭配全新。 13. can 考点：Only+介词短语置于句首主句情态动词倒装（区别Only+状语从句倒装） 解析：by sticking to green habits为介词短语状语，情态动词can提前倒装；stick to全新语境搭配。 14. that 考点：proposal后带虚拟语气同位语从句（区别suggestion/demand同位语名词） 解析：proposal同位语从句需(should) do，that仅连接，proposal为全新抽象名词考点。 15. Since 考点：Since引导客观原因状语从句（区别As引导主观原因从句） 解析：since置于句首表“由于”，侧重客观事实；turbine、operate出自3500词。 16. recorded 考点：过去分词后置定语，被动完成（区别to be held将来被动、doing主动定语） 解析：documentary与record被动，拍摄动作已完成；documentary高考阅读高频词。 17. that 考点：强调句型It was…that强调方式状语（区别强调主语/not until时间状语） 解析：本句强调through joint village efforts，强调对象类型全新，无重复。 18. it 考点：deem it + adj. + to do 形式宾语（区别find it固定结构，动词不同） 解析：deem作谓语，it作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式；monitor全新搭配。 19. whether 考点：clue后whether同位语从句（区别idea/doubt后whether搭配，名词不同） 解析：have no clue=don’t know，后接whether表疑问，clue为全新抽象名词。 20. filtering 考点：现在分词后置定语表主动持续（区别devoted/buried分词定语） 解析：equipment与filter主动，filter污水为全新动词搭配，无重复词组。 四、 长难句中译英 要求： 运用高考核心词汇及长难句结构，将下列中文句子翻译成英文。 1. 毫无疑问，推广生态农耕既能削减化肥投放量，又能维持土壤天然肥力。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 正是乡镇常态化环保宣讲，逐步扭转了村民随意丢弃废弃物的固有陋习。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 只有全体民众主动参与山林管护，我们才能长期守护本土珍稀野生动植物资源。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 无论荒山修复工程消耗多少人力物资，当地志愿者都会全年坚持管护作业。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 这支专攻地下水污染治理的科研小组，上月面向村镇居民开展免费科普宣讲活动。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案与详细解析】 1. There is no doubt that popularizing ecological farming can not only cut the application of chemical fertilizers but also preserve natural soil fertility. 解析：that引导同位语从句；not only…but also连接并列谓语；ecological farming、soil fertility均为全新短语，前文未出现。 2. It is regular eco-popularization lectures held in towns and villages that gradually change villagers’ long-term bad habit of littering casually. 解析：It is…that…强调句型，强调主语regular eco-popularization lectures，句式结构与之前中译英句子区分。 3. Only when all local residents take an active part in mountain forest management can we protect native rare wildlife resources in the long run. 解析：Only+时间状语从句置于句首引发部分倒装；take an active part in、in the long run为全新搭配。 4. No matter how much manpower and material resources the barren mountain restoration project consumes, local volunteers will stick to maintenance work all year round. 解析：No matter how引导让步状语从句，从句主语为project，句式结构与旧版让步句语序不同；barren mountain restoration全新词组。 5. The research group, which specializes in underground water pollution treatment, carried out free science lectures for village and town residents last month. 解析：非限制性定语从句修饰research group；specialize in、pollution treatment全新搭配，无重复。 五、 长难句英译中 要求： 准确理解句子结构，用通顺的中文翻译下列英文长难句。 1. It is the widespread application of geothermal heating equipment that greatly lowers household power consumption. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Even though eco-popularization courses gain great popularity in campuses, plenty of families ignore green living modes at home. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The mountain restoration project, which gets financial support from local enterprises, aims to recover clean mountain water environments. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What ecological researchers have emphasized repeatedly is that forest coverage determines the ecological balance of a whole region. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Provided that strict waste supervision rules are put into force, rural pollution problems will be effectively relieved. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案与详细解析】 1. 地热供暖设备的大范围普及，大幅降低了家庭电力消耗。 解析：It is…that…强调句型，强调主语geothermal heating equipment，名词短语与前文新能源词汇完全区分。 2. 尽管生态科普课程在校园广受追捧，但大量家庭在家中依旧忽视绿色生活模式。 解析：Even though引导让步状语从句，gain popularity、living modes为全新短语，无复用。 3. 这项获得本地企业资金扶持的山地修复工程，旨在恢复洁净的山地水域生态环境。 解析：which引导非限制性定语从句，翻译时前置修饰project；financial support全新搭配。 4. 生态研究人员多次着重指出，森林覆盖率决定整片区域的生态平衡状况。 解析：主语从句嵌套表语从句复合结构，主语核心名词ecological researchers与前文experts区分。 5. 倘若严格的垃圾监管条例落地实施，各类乡村污染难题便能得到有效缓解。 解析：Provided that引导条件状语从句，put into force、relieve problems为全新词组，句式区别前文if类条件句。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $