内容正文:
《Unit 1 People of Achievement》突破词汇
类型
记忆方法
派生
记忆法
1.vital /̍vaItl/ adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的→vitally adv.极其;绝对→vitality n.生命力;活力;热情
2.commit /kə̍mIt/ vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed /kə̍mItId/ 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→commitment n.投入,奉献;承诺
3.botany n.植物学→botanist n.植物学家→botanical /bə̍tænIkl/ adj.植物学的
4.evaluate /I̍væljueIt/ vt.评价;评估→evaluation n.评估;评价
5.distinct /dI̍stIŋkt/ adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→distinctly adv.清楚地;明显地→distinction n.差别;特性,特质;杰出;殊荣
6.boil /bɔIl/ vt.& vi.(使)沸腾;煮开;烧开 n.沸腾;沸点→boiling adj.炽热的;很热的→boiled adj.煮沸的;煮熟的
7.analyse /̍ænəlaIz/ vt.分析→analysis n.分析→analyst n.分析者;化验员
8.science n.科学→scientific /̩saIən̍tIfIk/ adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→scientist n.科学家
9.conclude vt.断定;推断出;得出结论→conclusion /kən̍kluːʒn/ n.结论;推论
10.novel /̍nɒvl/ n.(长篇)小说→novelist /̍nɒvəlIst/ n.小说家
11.politics n.政治;政治学→politician /̩pɒlə̍tIʃn/ n.从政者;政治家;政客→political adj.政治的
12.relate vt.联系;使有联系→relative adj.关于(或涉及的);比较的→related adj.相关的;有联系的→relatively adv.相对地→relativity /̩relə̍tIvəti/ n.相对论;相对性
13.gentle /̍dʒentl/ adj.温柔的;文静的→gently adv.温柔地;轻轻地→gentleness n.温柔;和善
14.passion /̍pæʃn/ n.酷爱;激情→passionate adj.热诚的,狂热的
15.ordinary adj.普通的;一般的→extraordinary /Ik̍strɔːdnri;NAmE Ik̍strɔːdəneri/ adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的
16.gradual adj.逐渐的;逐步的→gradually /̍ɡrædʒuəli/ adv.逐渐地;逐步地
17.peculiar adj.奇怪的;古怪的→peculiarity /pI̩kjuːli̍ærəti/ n.个性;特点;怪异的性质
18.remark vt.& vi.评论 n.评论→remarkable /rI̍mɑːkəbəl/ adj.非凡的;显著的
合成
记忆法
1.worm+wood→wormwood /̍wɜːmwʊd/ n.蒿;洋艾
2.photo+electric→photoelectric /̩fəʊtəʊI̍lektrIk/ adj.光电的
联想
记忆法
1.liquid /̍lIkwId/ n.液体 adj.液体的;液态的→solid n.固态 adj.固体的→gas n.气态
2.professor /prə̍fesə(r)/ n.教授→academy /ə̍kædəmi/ n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→academic /̩ækə̍demIk/ adj.学业的;学术的→patent /̍peItnt;̍pætnt/ n.专利;专利证书;获得专利 adj.有专利的;受专利保护的→institute /̍InstItjuːt/ n.(教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
3.doctorate /̍dɒktərət/ n.博士学位→a master’s degree 硕士学位→a bachelor’s degree 学士学位
同义/反义
记忆法
1.crucial /̍kruːʃl/ adj.至关重要的;关键性的→vital /̍vaItl/ /essential/critical/deciding
2.objective /əb̍dʒektIv/ n.目标;目的→aim/purpose/target/goal
objective /əb̍dʒektIv/ adj.客观的→subjective adj.主观的
3.acknowledge /ək̍nɒlIdʒ/ vt.承认(属实、权威等);公开(感谢)→admit
4.defeat /dI̍fiːt/ n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜→beat
5.apparently /ə̍pærəntli/ adv.显而易见;看来;显然→clearly/obviously/evidently
6.flee /fliː/ vi.& vt.迅速离开;逃跑→run away (from)/get away (from)
同义/反义
记忆法
7.circumstance /̍sɜːkəmstəns/ n.条件;环境;状况→state/condition/situation
8.genius /̍dʒiːniəs/ n.天才;天资;天赋→gift/talent/wizard→fool n.蠢人
9.encounter /In̍kaʊntə(r)/ vt.偶然碰到;遇到 n.邂逅;遭遇→come across
10.obtain /əb̍teIn/ vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行→get/gain/attain/acquire
11.consequence /̍kɒnsIkwəns/ n.结果;后果→effect/result/outcome
12.moustache /mə̍stɑːʃ;NAmE ̍mʌstæʃ/ n.上唇的胡子;髭→beard n.(人的)胡子,络腮胡须;(动物的)颔毛,须
13.theory /̍θIəri/ n.理论;学说→practice n.实践
语音
记忆法
1.[əʊ] flow /fləʊ/ n.流;流动;流畅;供应 vi.流;流动→grow→slow→row→bow→borrow→narrow→fellow→follow→window→shadow→yellow
2.[ɑː] chart /tʃɑːt/ n.图表 vt.记录;制订计划→start→scar→march→park→dark→hard
3.[aIs] device /dI̍vaIs/ n.方法;技巧;装置;仪器→nice→rice→advice→price→slice
形近
记忆法
1.most→mostly /̍məʊstli/ adv.主要地;一般地
2.found /faʊnd/ vt.(founded,founded) 创建;建立;把……建立在→find vt.(found,found)发现;碰到
3.infer /In̍fɜː(r)/ vt.推断;推定→refer vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;使……求助于→prefer vt.更喜欢
4.mourn /mɔːn/ vt.& vi.哀悼;忧伤→morning n.早上
5.draft /drɑːft/ n.草稿;草案 vt.起草;草拟→drift vi.漂流;漂移
词块
记忆法
1.the Nobel Prize in Physiology /̩fIzi̍ɒlədʒi/ or Medicine 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
2.the discovery of artemisinin /̩ɑːtI ̍miːsInIn/ 青蒿素的发现
3.medical property /̍prɒpəti/ 药学属性(性质;特征)
4.insist /In̍sIst/ on his opinion 坚持他的观点
5.stand up to wear and tear 耐磨损
6.discover penicillin /̩penI̍sIlIn/ 发现青霉素/盘尼西林
7.the famous formula /̍fɔːmjələ/ 这条著名的公式
8.educational institution /̩InstI̍tjuːʃn/ 教育机构 (institution 习俗)
9.take up a position 担任;任职
10.to sum /sʌm/ up 概括起来说,总之
语境
猜词法
1.The extract /̍ekstrækt/ of this plant has healing properties,so the plant is widely grown in our country.(n.提取物)
2.The polluted water contains many harmful substances /̍sʌbstəns/,so we can’t drink it.(n.物质;事实根据)
3.Nancy has faced numerous /̍njuːmərəs/ challenges in her career,and she has overcome all of them.(adj.众多的;许多的)
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
1.“动词+-ed”构成形容词
①commit [承诺;保证;忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)]→committed (尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的)
②determine (查明;确定;决定)→determined (有决心的;意志坚定的)
【巧用举一反三】
用括号内单词的适当形式完成短文。
A
As a 1. (commit) environmental researcher,Mary relied on 2. (advance) technology to analyse ecological data.Though facing 3.(limit) resources,Mary cooperated with
③advance (前进;发展;促进)→advanced (高级的;高等的;先进的)
④limit (限度;极限)→limited (有限的)
⑤devote [把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于]→devoted (挚爱的,忠诚的;专用于……的)
2.“动词/名词/形容词+-ist”构成名词,表示“……者、……家等”
①novel [(长篇)小说]→novelist 小说家
②art (艺术)→artist (艺术家)
③realism (逼真;现实主义;务实作风)→realist [现实主义画家(或作家等);现实主义者]
④socialism (社会主义)→socialist (社会主义者)
⑤special (特别的;特殊的)→specialist (专科医生;专家)
3.“动词+-able”构成形容词
①remark (言论;谈论)→remarkable (非凡的;显著的)
②suit (适合)→suitable (合适的;适用的)
③achieve (获得)→achievable (可完成的;做得成的)
④rely (依靠,依赖)→reliable (可信赖的)
⑤admire (钦佩;赞美)→admirable (令人钦佩的,极其出色的)
her partners to set 4. (achieve) goals.Her efforts led to a breakthrough solution,establishing her as a respected 5. (special) whose efforts gave new hope for protecting endangered species.
B
Though always 1. (devote) to her writing,the 2. (novel) once struggled to find a 3. (suit) theme for her new book.She finally focused on creating 4. (rely) teen characters pursuing 5. (achieve) dreams,and her heartfelt stories soon made her an 6.(admire) voice among young readers seeking genuine and uplifting narratives.
C
As a 1. (special) in traditional Chinese medicine,Ms Chen was 2. (commit) to developing 3. (afford) remedies.Facing 4. (limit) funding and lacking 5. (advance) lab tools,she collected herbs and tested formulas manually for years.Her work led to a 6. (remark) breakthrough—a natural cure for a common rural illness,benefiting thousands of families.
巧用举一反三参考答案
A
1.committed 解析:形容词作定语,a committed environmental researcher 一名尽职尽责的环境研究员
2.advanced 解析:advanced technology 先进技术(形容词修饰名词)
3.limited 解析:limited resources 有限的资源
4.achievable 解析:achievable goals 可实现的目标(形容词修饰 goals)
5.specialist 解析:respected specialist 受人尊敬的专家(名词)
B
1.devoted 解析:be devoted to 致力于,此处省略主语 + be,用 devoted
2.novelist 解析:the novelist 这位小说家(表人名词)
3.suitable 解析:a suitable theme 合适的主题(形容词修饰名词)
4.reliable 解析:reliable teen characters 可靠的青少年人物
5.ambitious 解析:ambitious dreams 远大的梦想(形容词修饰 dreams,achieve 变形 ambitious)
6.admired 解析:an admired voice 受人推崇的创作者(过去分词作形容词)
C
1.specialist 解析:a specialist in TCM 中医专家
2.committed 解析:be committed to 投身于、致力于
3.affordable 解析:affordable remedies 平价、负担得起的药方
4.limited 解析:limited funding 有限的资金
5.advanced 解析:advanced lab tools 先进实验设备
6.remarkable 解析:a remarkable breakthrough 重大突破
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