Unit 1 Sports（复习讲义）英语新教材北师大版八年级上册

该初中英语Unit 1 Sports复习讲义围绕“运动”主题构建知识体系，通过表格梳理复习要点与重难点，分点解析核心知识点，用语法规则表格呈现形容词级的构成与用法，系统整合词汇、短语、句型及写作任务，清晰呈现知识脉络与内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与情境化方法指导，如单词填空、完成句子等基础题型夯实语言能力，阅读理解结合体育政策与文化案例培养思维品质，写作任务引导学生讲述运动员事迹提升文化意识。每个知识点配例句模板，助力不同层次学生掌握，为教师精准教学提供支持。

Unit 1 Sports（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕“运动”主题，掌握运动相关词汇、短语和句子 3、能用掌握本单元重点知识点 3、写作任务是讨论体育赛事、运动员以及个人的运动经历和感受等。常见的写作话题有: ①介绍运动项目;②分享自己参与某项运动的体验与收获;③ 讲述一位喜爱的运动员的事迹与品质。 复习重难点 重点：形容词的级 难点：形容词、比较等级的用法 形容词、最高等级的用法 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 一．重点单词 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. n.原因，理由，解释 2. n.诀窍，秘诀；秘密，机密adj.秘密的；保密的 3. n.时间安排；时间表，时刻表 4. adj.安排好的，确定的，固定的vt.安排，确定，决定 57. adj.(有)大量的，丰富的；满的，充满的 6. n.剩余部分，残留，其余；休息时间，睡眠时间vt.& vi.休息，放松 7. v.包括，包含 8. adv.通常，正常情况下 9. adv.仅一次，一次；曾经conj.一···就，一旦，当···时候 10. n.成功，胜利 11. v.象征，是···的象征，代表 12. vt.& vi.解释，说明，阐明 13. vt.&vi.力求达到，力争做到 14. vt.& vi.改进，改善；提高水平 15. vt.& vi.劝告，忠告，建议 16. adv.代替，顶替；反而，却 17. vt.& vi.&n.回来，返回；回报 18. vt.& vi.带路，领路；领导n.主角，主演；领先地位 19. adj.受人尊敬的 20. vi.迈步，踩，踏，行走 n.迈步，脚步声 21. n.精神，心灵；勇气，意志 22. vt.&vi.持续，继续存在，不断发生 23. vi.存在，在于；躺，平躺；说谎，撒谎n.谎言，谎话 24.seem linking v.好像，似乎，看来 25. vt.& vi.忘记，遗忘 二．重点短语 1. 发生；举行 2. 参与（某事） 3. 竭尽全力 4. 力求做到最好 5. 放弃；认输 6. 保持健康 7. 集中（注意力、精力等）于 8. 为……安排时间 9. 充满活力 10. 为了娱乐 11. 独自 12. 主教练 13. 辞职；退位 14. 各行各业 15. 存在于 16. 团队精神 17. 调查报告 18. 至少 19. 磨薄；穿破 20. 为……感到骄傲 21. 更喜欢做某事 22. 进球得分 三．重点句子 1.Lets about our sports! 让我们聊聊我们最喜欢的运动吧！ 2.Whats your to time for both sports and schoolwork? 你能同时兼顾运动和学业的秘诀是什么？ 3.The I practised, I became. 我练习得越多，就变得越好。 4.Sports are a great way to meet people we don’t know and . 运动是结识陌生人的好方式，还能让我们保持健康强壮。 5.The first Olympic Games in ancient Greece in 776 BCE. 第一届奥运会于公元前776年在古希腊举行。 6.The Olympic rings the union of the five continents. 奥林匹克五环象征着五大洲的团结。 7.The Olympic is "Faster, Higher, Stronger - Together". 奥林匹克格言是“更快、更高、更强——更团结”。 8.Lang Ping is the first person in volleyball history to win a gold medal . 郎平是排球史上第一位既作为运动员又作为教练赢得金牌的人。 9.The of the Chinese women’s volleyball team doesn’t lie in winning, but in never . 中国女排的精神不在于胜利，而在于永不放弃。 10. exercise and studies. 平衡运动和学习很重要。 11.When you’re in class, your schoolwork; when you’re in training, think about sports. 上课的时候，只专注于学业；训练的时候，只想着运动。 12.Most of my classmates ball games. 我的大多数同学更喜欢球类运动。 13.The show that nearly everyone likes ball games. 结果表明几乎每个人都喜欢球类运动。 14.Doing sports helps us build team spirit stay . 做运动帮助我们培养团队精神，保持精力充沛。 15.Have you ever any sports competitions? 你参加过任何体育比赛吗？ 16.I have a and I do my homework at the same time every day. 我有一个时间表，每天都在同一时间做作业。 17.She the in the volleyball team and wore out a pair of shoes every month. 她是排球队里训练最刻苦的，每个月都会穿坏一双鞋。 18.After her athletes career , she coached volleyball . 运动员生涯结束后，她在国外执教排球。 19.We can only go faster, aim higher, and become stronger . 只有团结一致，我们才能跑得更快、目标更高、变得更强。 20.Sports build by teaching and the of winning and losing. 运动通过传授纪律性和输赢的价值来塑造品格。 四．知识点解析 知识点1：I know you are busy with schoolwork, but you also play a lot of sports. 【固定搭配】 be busy with 忙于某事 be busy doing 忙于做某事 例句 1. 他忙于比赛。He is busy competitions. 2. 她忙于写作业。She is busy her homework. 知识点2：What's your secret to having time for both? 【固定搭配】 (the) secret to ···的秘诀 to是介词后面跟名词，代词或动名词。 例句 保持健康的秘诀是多吃蔬菜和水果。The secret to fit is to eat more vegetables and fruit. 知识点3：Well, I have a timetable and I do my homework at the same time every day. I also have set time for sports and exercise. 【详解】at the same time 同时 注意the不能省略 have set time for 为···设定时间 例句 我们不能同时为两件事设定时间。We can’t have set time for two things 知识点4：It makes me feel full of energy for the rest of the day. 【详解1】make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 make sb. adj.让某人怎么样 例句 1. 这个消息让我兴奋。The information me excited. 2. 这个事故让我感到难过。The accident makes me sad. 【详解2】full of充满 例句 be full of= be filled 充满 Life is full of coincidences(巧合). The boy's eyes are filled with tears. 知识点5：But it's not easy to run every day, especially on cold mornings! How do you manage it? 【详解1】It‘s +adj. (for sb.) to do sth.做某事对某人来说怎么样 学英语对我来说很简单。It is so easy me to learn English. It’s +adj. (of sb.) to do sth.做某事某人怎么样 帮助我学英语你真的太好了。It’s kind you to help me learn English. 【详解2】 manage it 成功地处理或解决某个问题或任务 知识点6：I run with my friends and we encourage each other. 【详解】 encourage 鼓励 【固定搭配】 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 Teachers encourage us (speak) English more. 知识点7：It's a great way to relax after lessons and before we start our homework. 【详解】 a great way to do sth.做某事的一个好方法 这是一个为祖作出贡献的好方法。 do something for our country. 知识点8：Sounds good! Sports are also a great way to meet people we don't know and, of course, they keep us healthy and strong! Keep up the good work! 【详解】 Keep us healthy and strong让我们健康强壮 【固定搭配】 keep +adj. keep quiet keep tidy keep up keep up with 知识点9：Each is normally held once every four years with a space of two years in between. 【详解1】each & every 同：都有 “每个” 的意思，有时可以互换 异： A. each强调每一个各自、依次；every 强调 每一个都包括。 B. each谈论两个或两个以上的人或事物；every谈论三个或三个以上的人或事物。 C. each可以作代词使用；every不可以。 【详解2】 be held被举办 be done被动语态 用来强调动作的承受者而非执行者 The letter was written yesterday. 【详解3】 once every four years每四年一次 次数的表达： once twice 三次及以上：基数词+times 知识点10：The first Olympic Games took place in ancient Greece in 776 BCE.第一届奥运会于公元前776年前在古希腊举行。 【详解】 take place 发生；举行 【辨析】 take place & happen A. take place表示按计划进行的活动或仪式，强调 性 take place at/in/on+时间/地点 B. happen描述未经计划的事情，强调 性 知识点11：They were not as big as the Olympics today. 他们不如今天的奥运会盛大。 【详解】 not as···as不如 表示A与B一样(同级比较) A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B 这个房间和那个一样大。The room is that one. 表示A不如B A+be+not as + 形容词原级 + as+B 他不如他哥哥高。He is his brother. 知识点12：Only 300 athletes from 14 countries took part, and there were fewer events than in the present Olympics. 只有来自14个国家的300名运动员参加了（那届奥运会），比赛项目也比现在的的奥运会少。 【详解1】 take part 参加 take part in+活动或事件 She takes part in the singing competition. 【辨析】 take part & join A. take part强调参加 的过程或行为，不强调加入某个组织 B. join侧重于加入 等 She joined the basketball team. 【详解2】few few 修饰可数名词表 a few修饰可数名词表 little 修饰不可数名词表 a little 修饰不可数名词表 There are few apples left. Let's buy some more. We have a little time before the meeting starts. Let's relax. 【详解3】fewer than少于 两者之间进行比较用比较级 表示A比B更怎么样 A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B 她比她的姐姐高。She is taller than her sister. 知识点13：Still, for the late 19th century, the 1896 Olympics were a great success. 尽管如此，在19世纪末，1896年奥运会还是取得了巨大的成功。 【详解】a great success一个巨大的成功 succeed v.成功 succeed in doing sth成功做某事 n.成功 指成功的人或事可数，泛指成功不可数 adj.成功的 adv.成功地 I succeed in going (go)to a good university. 知识点14：Ever since then, the competition has become more and more popular.自从那以后，这个比赛就变得越来越受欢迎。 【详解1】ever since自从 常与现在完成时have/has done连用 Ever sine then, she has become(become) a fan of pop music. 【详解2】more and more popular 表达“越来越···“ 比较级+and+比较级 It’s getting .天气越来越冷了。 She is .她越来越漂亮了。 知识点15：The Olympic rings are the symbol of the Olympics. These five coloured rings symbolise the union of the five continents,and the meeting of athletes from around the world at the Olympic Games. 奥运五环是奥运会的象征。这五个彩环象征着五大洲的联合，以及来自世界各地的运动员在奥运会上的相聚。 【详解】the symbol of···的象征 The dove is the of the peace.鸽子是和平的象征。 symbol n. 象征 symbolise v.象征；使用符号 知识点16：These three words encourage athletes to do their best during the competition. 这三个词在比赛中鼓励运动员全力以赴。 【详解】do one’s best竭尽全力 do/try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事 知识点17：What are you good at(e.g. sports, English, cooking, etc.)? Do you agree with the idea “The more you practise, the better you will be.”? 【详解1】be good at 擅长做某事 be good at+sth./ doing sth. 1. 她擅长科学。She is good at . 2. 我擅长游泳。I am good at . 同义短语： do well in 【详解2】agree with sb./sth.同意··· agree v.同意 disagree v.不同意 agreement n. 同意 我不同意你的建议。I can’t your suggestion. 知识点18：“The more you practise, the better you will be.”? 【详解】the+比较级，the+比较级越····就越···· The+比较级（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语） 你越努力，就会越幸运。The you study, the you will be. 知识点19：When did you start playing football? 【详解】start doing sth.开始做某事 As soon as Tina came back, she started her homework. to start with=to begin with 开始 知识点20：I think I was about 4 or 5 years old when I started kicking a ball around. The more l practised, the better I became. At the age of 9, my parents decided I should start training. 【详解1】kick a ball踢球 【详解2】at the age of在某人···岁的时候 在我5岁的时候，我开始学习踢球。 At the age of 5, I started a ball. 知识点21：We train very hard. We practise passing the ball and scoring goals. 【详解】practise doing sth.练习做某事 practise v.练习 practice n.练习 If you practise (speak) English, you’ll soon improve. 知识点22：We also do exercises to keep fit. When a player is fit, it's easier to run for 90 minutes during a game! 【详解】fit v. 适合；试穿；安置 adj.健康的；合适的；胜任的； n.合身；匹配 keep fit 保持健康 be fit for 适合；胜任 她每天跑步以此保持健康。She tries to by running every day. 知识点23：In class, I focus only on my schoolwork. Training always takes place after class. 【详解】focus··· on 专注于 我们应该关注环境问题。We should the environmental issues. 【详解】training···takes··· 动名词做主语，谓语动词用三单。 Eating vegetables and fruit (be) good for our health. 知识点24：When she was a child, she wanted to join the basketball team like her sister, but her PE teacher advised her to try volleyball instead, and she did. 【详解】advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 advise v.建议—advice Un. 建议 a piece of advice suggest v. 建议—suggestion Cn.建议 我妈妈建议我参加足球队。My mom advised me join the football team. 知识点25：She trained the hardest in the volleyball team and she wore out a pair of shoes every month! 【详解1】hardest 最努力地 hardest是harder的最高级。 最高级常用与比较三个或三个以上的人或事物，表示“最····” 【详解2】wear out 磨损，用坏 知识点26：And she became one of the most respected sports heroes in China.最受尊敬的体育英雄之一 【详解】在最高级中，如果要表示“最···之一， one of +the +最高级+可数名词复数+of/in 范围 她是队里最努力的排球运动员之一。She is one of the hardest volleyball in the team. 知识点27："The spirit of the Chinese women's volleyball team doesn't lie in winning, but in never giving up, even when it seems like you cannot win." 【详解】lie in 躺在；位于；在于 成功的秘诀在于勇敢地面对失败。The secret of success in facing your failure bravely. 【详解】give up放弃 give up sth./doing sth.放弃（做）某事 单元语法：形容词的级 一．形容词的功能和位置 1. 形容词作定语，一般放在所修饰的名词前面，且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。如： I have an interesting book. a big yellow wooden wheel一个黄色的大木轮 Would you like something hot to drink? Something serious has happened to him. 【注意】“基数词+名词+形容词”可构成复合形容词，用作定语。复合形容词中的名词只能用单数形式，而且这个复合形容词只放在被修饰的名词前。 如：an eight-year-old boy 一个8岁的男孩 2.形容词作表语，放在系动词(be, look, feel, smell, sound….)的后面。 如：He is tall. He looks happy today. 3. 形容词作宾语的补语，放在keep, make, leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语。如： Do you think it necessary? Doing morning exercises can keep us healthy. 4. 形容词作状语。如：He arrived home, hungry and tired. 5. 形容词作主语放在句首，作宾语放在动词或介词后。 如：The young should be polite to the old. The new always take the place of the old. 6.“数词＋形容词”表示“长、宽、高、深、重、远离及年龄”，形容词应该置于名词后。 如：He’s 1.8 metres tall. The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth. 7. 只能作表语的形容词： 以下这些形容词：afraid; alone; asleep; awake; alive; well健康的; ill; frightened等，只能用做表语。 如：（误）The ill man is my uncle. （正）The man is ill. 8.形容词常用句型： （1）“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth. 注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者（人）的性格、品质的形容词。 如：good, kind, nice, polite, clever, foolish, lazy, careful, careless, right（正确的），wrong等。 如：It’s very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me. （2）“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=To do sth is adj for sb. 注意：这一句型中常用描述做某事性质的形容词。 如：important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, dangerous, safe, useful, pleasant, interesting, impossible等。 如：It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language. =To learn a foreign language is not easy for them. （3）表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad, pleased, sad, thankful等常接不定式。 如：I’m very sad to hear the bad news. I’m very glad to see you. （4）表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready（乐意的，有准备的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。 如：Lei Feng is always ready to help others. He is sure to get to school on time. （5）sb. find/make/think+it+形容词+to do sth. (某人发现/认为/使得做某事怎样) 句中的it是形式宾语，不定式短语to do sth.为真正的宾语，形容词在句中作宾语补足语。 如：I found it important to learn English well. 我发现学好英语重要。 二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成规律 （一）规则变化 1. 规则变化 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加 High–higher–highest fast–faster– fastest 以字母e结尾的词， nice–nicer–nicest late–later–latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词， busy–busier–busiest early–earlier–earliest 以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母， hot–hotter–hottest thin–thinner–thinnest 多音节和部分双音节词 在词前加 difficult–more difficult–most difficult quickly–more quickly–most quickly （二）不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 更好的 最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) 更多的；更 最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 更少的 最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 较旧的，较老的 最旧的，最老的 较年长的 最年长的 far远的；远地 (指距离)更远的；更远地 (指距离)最远的/地 (指程度)进一步的/地 (指程度)最深刻的/地 下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。如：like, real, right, glad, tired, pleased, often, exact等。 【注意】有些形容词如：dead, empty, sure, round, woolen等无比较级和最高级。 三．形容词、副词比较等级的用法 （一）原级的用法 ⒈ 讲述某人/物自身的情况时，用原级。只能修饰原级的词有：very, quite, so, too, rather。 基本句型为：“主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather…)+形容词/副词原级 +其它.” He is very old now. They ran quite fast. The weather looks rather bad. I am so happy! ⒉ 原级常用的句型结构 ⑴ 表示两者之间没有差别时，即A= B，使用句型：“A +谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.” 如：Tom is as old as Kate. He is as excited as his younger sister. Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady. ⑵ 表示A比不上B时，即A＜B，使用句型：“A+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.”（so只能用于否定句中，as既可以用于肯定句也可以用于否定句中） 如：This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn’t walk as slowly as you. 【注意】在as ... as结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰。 如：She is as good a teacher as your father. 她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。 “as (so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as。not so much…as (或not…so much as)的意思是“不如……那样多”或“与其说是……不如说是……”。 如：Henry is not so much a writer as a reporter. 与其说亨利是一个作家不如说是一个记者。 They weren’t so much islands as sandbars. 与其说那是些岛屿，还不如说都是些沙洲。 ⒊ 表示“相当于……的一半/两倍/三倍……”等时，用“half/twice/three/four/…times as+形容词原级+as”句型。如： This book is half as thick as that one. // This garden is ten times as large as that one. ⒋“the same＋名词＋as”表示同等比较。 如：I’m the same tall as you. （二）比较级的用法 1. 比较级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示两者比较，A超过B时，用比较级。基本句型为：“A+谓语动词(系动词)+形容词/副词比较级+than+B+ 其它”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。 如：He works harder than I. This book didn’t cost me more than that one. ⑵ 表示两者比较，A不及B时，用比较级。句型是：“A+谓语动词+less+(多音节形/副)比较级+than+B+其它”。如： I think English is less difficult than maths. Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language? ⑶ “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。 如： Wang Gang is the taller of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ⑷ “比较级+ and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。 如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer. The days are getting longer and longer. He becomes fatter and fatter. // English is becoming more and more important. ⑸ “The + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”表示“越……越……”、“越……就越……” 如：The more trees we plant, the better it will be. The harder you try, the greater your progress is. ⑹ “特殊疑问词+be+形容词/副词的比较级+甲or乙？”用于两者之间的比较。 如：Which do you like better, the blue coat or the white coat? 2. 需注意的比较级的用法： ⑴ 比较级前还可以用a little, much, far, a lot, still, even等来修饰。以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 如：Tom looks even younger than before. / Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. ⑵ than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。 如：My pencil is longer than yours (your pencil). ⑶ 用比较级表示最高级含义的常用句型有： ① 比较级+than+any other+单数名词。 如：Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class. =Xiaoming is taller than(any of)the other boys in his class. =Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class. ② 比较级+than+the other+复数名词。 如：Tom is taller than the other boys in our class. ③ 比较级+than+anyone else。 如：Tom is taller than anyone else in our class. ④ 比较级+than+all other+复数名词。 如：This building is higher than all other buildings in Beijing. ⑤ Nobody else+比较级+than …。 如：Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class. ⑥ 有关的否定词+比较级。 如：No other books has had a greater influence on my work and study. I never read a more interesting book. （三）最高级的用法 1. 最高级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级。基本句型为：主语+谓语动+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among+表示比较范围的名词、短语或从句。（of/among+人或物的复数形式，表示“在……之中的；在……中”；“in+地点、范围”表示“在……之中”。 如：He runs fastest in our class. This is the biggest apple I have ever met. He is the best among the students. ⑵“one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”。 如：He is one of the cleverest students in our class. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. ⑶“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。 如：Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn? （时间：40分钟） 一．用单词的恰当形式填空 1. My mom is busy (cook) dinner. 2. Do you know the secret to (live) up to 100 years? 3. Would you like to go (swim) with me after school? 4. It’s not easy (lose) weight. 5. My parents encourage me (join) in the basketball club. 6. Running is a great way (keep) fit. 7. My mom eats less meat to keep (health). 8. He had finally achieved ____________(succeed) in the Math competition. 9. The five Olympic rings___________(symbol) five continents. 10. In Chinese folklore (民间传说) the bat (蝙蝠)is a___________(symbolise) of good fortune. 11. The ___________(meet) will close at 10.00 p.m. 12. He was very___________ (success) in his middle forties. 13. My dad is good at (cook) Chinese food. 14. The more you read, the (much) knowledge you will get. 15.When I was 5 years old, I started (play) Guzheng. 16. You should practise (speak) English bravely. 17. It is important (balance) our studies and exercise. 18. My grandpa advised me __________ (wear) a pair of iron shoes for training. 19. The champion's career seems __________ (continue) inspiring young athletes. 20.Those gold medals __________ (win) in the battle of championships lie in the trophy case. 21. After __________ (step) down, the head coach still gives up __________ (lie) about his career. 22. His fighting spirit makes him __________ (not seem) to wear out even in the toughest battles 二、完成句子 1. 为了保持健康，我每天跑步一小时。 ______ ______healthy, I run an hour every day. 2. 我自己去打篮球。I play basketball______ ______ . 3. 我爸爸总是忙于工作，很少回家。My dad is ______ ______ his work and he seldom goes home. 4. 对我来说，学数学很困难。 It is ______ for me to______ math. 5. 吃午饭的时间到了。It’s time______ ______ dinner. 6. 校园艺术节将在下周一举办。 The School Art Festival will ______ ______on Monday next week. 7. 只有最好的运动员可以参加这个比赛。 Only the best athletes can ______ ______ in the competition. 8.一个人无论何时都应尽自己最大的努力。 One should ______ his/her ______ at all times. 9. 他们鼓励男孩子们要勇敢。 They ______ boys ______ be brave. 10. 中国制作灯笼的历史悠久。 China has a______ ______ of making lanterns. 11. 你越努力，成绩就会越好。 The______ you study, the______ grades you will get. 12. 我决定去学习中文。 I decide ______ ______ Chinese. 13.每天早上跑步半小时是一个保持健康的好方法 Running half an hour every day ______ a good way to ______ fit. 14. 在我5岁时，我练习游泳。 At the age of 5, I ______ ______ . 15. 吃蔬菜和水果对于我们来说是健康的。 It’s ______for ______ to eat vegetables and fruit. 16. 这位主教练建议球员放弃无效训练，转而专注基础练习。 The head coach advised the players to ______ ______ ineffective training and focus on basic practice instead. 17. 她的勇气存在于面对困难时从不退缩的精神中。 Her courage______ ______the spirit of never stepping down when facing difficulties. 18. 她建议我换一双鞋，因为旧的那双已经穿破了。 She advised me to change a pair of shoes, for the old ones had been ______ ______. 19. 出生于小镇的他，如今成为了各行各业都尊敬的英雄。 ______ ______ a small town, he now becomes a respected hero in all walks of life. 20. 队长决定辞职后，全队的士气似乎需要新的激励。 After the captain decided to ______ ______, the team’s morale seemed to need new inspiration. 三．单词拼写 1.The 　　　　　(努力) you practise， the greater progress you will make.  2.We students now use 　　　　throwaway products than before.(few)  3.Asking questions is one of the 　　　　　(最容易的) ways to lead you to active learning.  4.After a night’s rain， the mountains are much greener and the air is much 　　　　　(fresh).  5.The programme Drive less，cycle more will reduce pollution and make streets much 　　　　　(安全的).  6.The next morning he got up 　　　　　than before to practise football.(early)  7.Have you ever driven through a red traffic light? Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven 　　　　　　(fast) than the speed limit(限制)?  8.I'm proud of being Chinese because China is one of the 　　　　　　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  9.It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel 　　　　　　(early) than usual.  10.The Camp Fire was one of 　　　　　　(big) fires in California history.  11.It's certain that we need to eat 　　　　(更少的) sugar.  12.In Spanish you have to change the verbs (动词) for each person. But my 　　　　(big) problem of all was the pronunciation.  13.Of the three cities, Ningbo, our hometown, is the 　　　　(生机勃勃的).  14.I can’t speak too 　　　　　(high) of the beauty of Yangzhou， especially in spring.  15.Mr. King did a 　　　　　(crazy) thing than we did last week， and we were all shocked by him.  16.Humans should always learn how to live 　　　　　(peace) with other living things together.   17.Full River Red(《满江红》) is 　　　　　(exciting) film I’ve ever seen.  18.　　　　　(luck)， her family members were all fine after the flood.  19.Some people think such a problem should be dealt with 　　　　　.(peace)  20.Nora would like to be a 　　　　　(社会的) worker when she grows up.  21.With the country’s 　　　　　(far) development， there is no doubt that China will do more for world peace.  22.This is the 　　　　　(tidy) room I have ever seen. I love it very much!  23. A gentle touch on the neck makes the cat much 　　　　　(sleep).  24.When I was a little boy， I lived in the 　　　　　(south) part of the town with my grandparents.  25.The more you try to improve yourself， the 　　　　　you will feel. (happy)  四．阅读理解 A * The word “workshop” means a program for a small group of people to get knowledge, experience or skills. 1．How many new sports or games are there for students to join in? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．How long will the Sports Day last? A．6.5 hours. B．7.5 hours. C．8.5 hours. D．9.5 hours. 3．We can probably read the text from a(n) ________. A．website B．novel C．diary D．notice B （2024·湖北孝感·三模）According to a recently released measure (措施) to strengthen physical education in schools, primary and middle school students in Shenzhen will have daily PE classes from Jan 1, 2024. As part of the measure, these schools will allocate no less than 30 minutes for sports activities throughout the day. In Buxin Primary School, the number of PE classes rose to 200, with each lesson lasting for 40 minutes. And the school had to ask teachers from other subjects to lead some PE classes because of lacking (缺少) PE teachers. Liu Xunhua, a Chinese teacher, has taken on the role of a PE teacher. Liu leads students in jumping rope and jumping jacks. “Everything is for students’ health, and we support the new measure.” said Liu. However, there are still many issues to be solved. A key problem faced by many schools is the limited (有限的) space available for new PE classes. In Longhua Foreign Languages School, for example, if there are too many PE classes at the same time, teachers have to take students to Luhuci park opposite the school. Qilin No. 2 Middle School in Nanshan began daily PE classes as early as November 2021. Now the school is trying out intelligent sports bracelets (手环) to ensure that each child receives a suitable amount of exercise. As for public opinion, Yuan Yinuo, a 6th grader from Buxin Primary School, believes sports activities help reduce (减少) stress. Chen Xinru, a grade 8 student from Xin’an Middle School, said a daily PE class could increase their ability for learning. “When I’m tired, I can relax by running or playing basketball and I can ______,” said Chen. However, some parents are worried that students may not have enough time to complete their learning tasks because some of students’ classes have been replaced by PE classes. 1．What does the underlined word “allocate” in the first paragraph mean? A．discuss B．cancel C．give D．avoid 2．How does the writer describe the problem faced by many schools in Para 3? A．By describing a place. B．By interviewing a teacher. C．By telling a story. D．By giving an example. 3．Which can be probably put in ______ in Para 5? A．pay more attention to class B．become much healthier than before C．reduce lots of pressure in my life D．improve my expression ability 4．Which one of the statements is a FACT according to the passage? A．All the Chinese teachers have played the role of PE teachers in Buxin Primary School. B．Limited space for new PE classes is the only problem that many schools are facing. C．Qilin No. 2 Middle School has carried out a daily PE class for over 2 years. D．Not only teachers but also parents support the new measure now. 5．Where can you probably find this passage? A．In a dictionary. B．On a website. C．In a history book. D．In a travel guide. C This year, Chinese schools have introduced a special program called “the Extended Recess Activity (大课间)” to help students stay healthy and happy. This activity usually lasts 30 minutes every morning and afternoon. During the 30 minutes, students can walk out of the classrooms to relax, exercise and chat with friends. In Shaanxi Province, many schools organize fun games like rope jumping, relay races and group dances during the Extended Recess Activity. Teachers and students often play together happily. For example, a middle school in Baoji enjoys traditional Chinese exercises like Tai Chi or modern sports like basketball. The school also holds competitions, such as “the most creative class activity” to encourage teamwork. Studies show that these activities not only improve students’ physical health but also reduce their stress. A student named Li Ming shared, “Before the Extended Recess Activity, I felt tired after classes. Now, I feel refreshed and focus better on lessons.” A healthy body and mind are basic to learning. And the Extended Recess Activity helps students build lifelong habits of keeping active and working together. 1．How long does the Extended Recess Activity usually last each time? A．10 minutes. B．15 minutes. C．30 minutes. D．60 minutes. 2．The underlined word “reduce” means “________” in Paragraph 3. A．cut down B．depend on C．eat up D．stick to 3．What is the main purpose of the Extended Recess Activity? A．To reduce teachers’ stress. B．To increase homework time. C．To replace regular PE classes. D．To improve students’ health and social skills. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The Extended Recess Activity is only organized in Shaanxi Province. B．The Extended Recess Activity helps students focus better on lessons. C．The Extended Recess Activity only takes place in the morning. D．Only students take part in the Extended Recess Activity. $Unit 1 Sports（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕“运动”主题，掌握运动相关词汇、短语和句子 3、能用掌握本单元重点知识点 3、写作任务是讨论体育赛事、运动员以及个人的运动经历和感受等。常见的写作话题有: ①介绍运动项目;②分享自己参与某项运动的体验与收获;③ 讲述一位喜爱的运动员的事迹与品质。 复习重难点 重点：形容词的级 难点：形容词、比较等级的用法 形容词、最高等级的用法 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 一．重点单词 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.reason n.原因，理由，解释 2.secret n.诀窍，秘诀；秘密，机密adj.秘密的；保密的 3.timetable n.时间安排；时间表，时刻表 4.set adj.安排好的，确定的，固定的vt.安排，确定，决定 57.full adj.(有)大量的，丰富的；满的，充满的 6.rest n.剩余部分，残留，其余；休息时间，睡眠时间vt.& vi.休息，放松 7.include v.包括，包含 8.normally adv.通常，正常情况下 9.once adv.仅一次，一次；曾经conj.一···就，一旦，当···时候 10.success n.成功，胜利 11.symbolise v.象征，是···的象征，代表 12.explain vt.& vi.解释，说明，阐明 13.aim vt.&vi.力求达到，力争做到 14.improve vt.& vi.改进，改善；提高水平 15.advise vt.& vi.劝告，忠告，建议 16.instead adv.代替，顶替；反而，却 17.return vt.& vi.&n.回来，返回；回报 18.lead vt.& vi.带路，领路；领导n.主角，主演；领先地位 19.respected adj.受人尊敬的 20.step vi.迈步，踩，踏，行走 n.迈步，脚步声 21.spirit n.精神，心灵；勇气，意志 22.continue vt.&vi.持续，继续存在，不断发生 23.lie vi.存在，在于；躺，平躺；说谎，撒谎n.谎言，谎话 24.seem linking v.好像，似乎，看来 25.forget vt.& vi.忘记，遗忘 二．重点短语 1.take place 发生；举行 2.take part (in) 参与（某事） 3.do ones best 竭尽全力 4.aim for the best 力求做到最好 5.give up 放弃；认输 6.stay fit 保持健康 7.focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于 8.set time for 为……安排时间 9.full of energy 充满活力 10.for fun 为了娱乐 11.by myself 独自 12.head coach 主教练 13.step down 辞职；退位 14.all walks of life 各行各业 15.lie in 存在于 16.team spirit 团队精神 17.a survey report 调查报告 18.at least 至少 19.wear out 磨薄；穿破 20.be proud of 为……感到骄傲 21.prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 22.score goals 进球得分 三．重点句子 1.Lets talk about our favourite sports! 让我们聊聊我们最喜欢的运动吧！ 2.Whats your secret to having time for both sports and schoolwork? 你能同时兼顾运动和学业的秘诀是什么？ 3.The more I practised, the better I became. 我练习得越多，就变得越好。 4.Sports are a great way to meet people we don’t know and keep us healthy and strong. 运动是结识陌生人的好方式，还能让我们保持健康强壮。 5.The first Olympic Games took place in ancient Greece in 776 BCE. 第一届奥运会于公元前776年在古希腊举行。 6.The Olympic rings symbolise the union of the five continents. 奥林匹克五环象征着五大洲的团结。 7.The Olympic motto is "Faster, Higher, Stronger - Together". 奥林匹克格言是“更快、更高、更强——更团结”。 8.Lang Ping is the first person in volleyball history to win a gold medal as both a player and a coach. 郎平是排球史上第一位既作为运动员又作为教练赢得金牌的人。 9.The spirit of the Chinese women’s volleyball team doesn’t lie in winning, but in never giving up. 中国女排的精神不在于胜利，而在于永不放弃。 10.Its important to balance exercise and studies. 平衡运动和学习很重要。 11.When you’re in class, focus only on your schoolwork; when you’re in training, think only about sports. 上课的时候，只专注于学业；训练的时候，只想着运动。 12.Most of my classmates prefer playing ball games. 我的大多数同学更喜欢球类运动。 13.The results show that nearly everyone likes ball games. 结果表明几乎每个人都喜欢球类运动。 14.Doing sports helps us build team spirit and stay energetic. 做运动帮助我们培养团队精神，保持精力充沛。 15.Have you ever taken part in any sports competitions? 你参加过任何体育比赛吗？ 16.I have a timetable and I do my homework at the same time every day. 我有一个时间表，每天都在同一时间做作业。 17.She trained the hardest in the volleyball team and wore out a pair of shoes every month. 她是排球队里训练最刻苦的，每个月都会穿坏一双鞋。 18.After her athletes career ended, she coached volleyball abroad. 运动员生涯结束后，她在国外执教排球。 19.We can only go faster, aim higher, and become stronger by standing together. 只有团结一致，我们才能跑得更快、目标更高、变得更强。 20.Sports build character by teaching discipline and the value of winning and losing. 运动通过传授纪律性和输赢的价值来塑造品格。 四．知识点解析 知识点1：I know you are busy with schoolwork, but you also play a lot of sports. 【固定搭配】 be busy with 忙于某事 be busy doing 忙于做某事 例句 1. 他忙于比赛。He is busy with competitions. 2. 她忙于写作业。She is busy doing her homework. 知识点2：What's your secret to having time for both? 【固定搭配】 (the) secret to ···的秘诀 to是介词后面跟名词，代词或动名词。 例句 保持健康的秘诀是多吃蔬菜和水果。The secret to keeping fit is to eat more vegetables and fruit. 知识点3：Well, I have a timetable and I do my homework at the same time every day. I also have set time for sports and exercise. 【详解】at the same time 同时 注意the不能省略 have set time for 为···设定时间 例句 我们不能同时为两件事设定时间。We can’t have set time for two things at the same time. 知识点4：It makes me feel full of energy for the rest of the day. 【详解1】make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 make sb. adj.让某人怎么样 例句 1. 这个消息让我兴奋。The information makes me excited. 2. 这个事故让我感到难过。The accident makes me feel sad. 【详解2】full of充满 例句 be full of= be filled with充满 Life is full of coincidences(巧合). The boy's eyes are filled with tears. 知识点5：But it's not easy to run every day, especially on cold mornings! How do you manage it? 【详解1】It‘s +adj. (for sb.) to do sth.做某事对某人来说怎么样 学英语对我来说很简单。It is so easy for me to learn English. It’s +adj. (of sb.) to do sth.做某事某人怎么样 帮助我学英语你真的太好了。It’s kind of you to help me learn English. 【详解2】 manage it 成功地处理或解决某个问题或任务 知识点6：I run with my friends and we encourage each other. 【详解】 encourage 鼓励 【固定搭配】 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 Teachers encourage us to speak(speak) English more. 知识点7：It's a great way to relax after lessons and before we start our homework. 【详解】 a great way to do sth.做某事的一个好方法 这是一个为祖作出贡献的好方法。It’s a great way to do something for our country. 知识点8：Sounds good! Sports are also a great way to meet people we don't know and, of course, they keep us healthy and strong! Keep up the good work! 【详解】 Keep us healthy and strong让我们健康强壮 【固定搭配】 keep +adj. keep quiet 保持安静 keep tidy保持干净 keep up坚持；保持 keep up with 跟上；赶上 知识点9：Each is normally held once every four years with a space of two years in between. 【详解1】each & every 同：都有 “每个” 的意思，有时可以互换 异： A. each强调每一个各自、依次；every 强调 每一个都包括。 B. each谈论两个或两个以上的人或事物；every谈论三个或三个以上的人或事物。 C. each可以作代词使用；every不可以。 【详解2】 be held被举办 be done被动语态 用来强调动作的承受者而非执行者 The letter was written yesterday. 【详解3】 once every four years每四年一次 次数的表达： once 一次 twice 两次 三次及以上：基数词+times 知识点10：The first Olympic Games took place in ancient Greece in 776 BCE.第一届奥运会于公元前776年前在古希腊举行。 【详解】 take place 发生；举行 【辨析】 take place & happen A. take place表示按计划进行的活动或仪式，强调计划性和规律性 take place at/in/on+时间/地点 B. happen描述未经计划的事情，强调意外性 知识点11：They were not as big as the Olympics today. 他们不如今天的奥运会盛大。 【详解】 not as···as不如 表示A与B一样(同级比较) A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B 这个房间和那个一样大。The room is as big as that one. 表示A不如B A+be+not as + 形容词原级 + as+B 他不如他哥哥高。He is not as tall as his brother. 知识点12：Only 300 athletes from 14 countries took part, and there were fewer events than in the present Olympics. 只有来自14个国家的300名运动员参加了（那届奥运会），比赛项目也比现在的的奥运会少。 【详解1】 take part 参加 take part in+活动或事件 She takes part in the singing competition. 【辨析】 take part & join A. take part强调参加活动的过程或行为，不强调加入某个组织 B. join侧重于加入某个组织、团体等 She joined the basketball team. 【详解2】few few 修饰可数名词表否定 a few修饰可数名词表肯定 little 修饰不可数名词表否定 a little 修饰不可数名词表肯定 There are few apples left. Let's buy some more. We have a little time before the meeting starts. Let's relax. 【详解3】fewer than少于 两者之间进行比较用比较级 表示A比B更怎么样 A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B 她比她的姐姐高。She is taller than her sister. 知识点13：Still, for the late 19th century, the 1896 Olympics were a great success. 尽管如此，在19世纪末，1896年奥运会还是取得了巨大的成功。 【详解】a great success一个巨大的成功 succeed v.成功 succeed in doing sth成功做某事 success n.成功 指成功的人或事可数，泛指成功不可数 successful adj.成功的 successfully adv.成功地 I succeed in going (go)to a good university. 知识点14：Ever since then, the competition has become more and more popular.自从那以后，这个比赛就变得越来越受欢迎。 【详解1】ever since自从 常与现在完成时have/has done连用 Ever sine then, she has become(become) a fan of pop music. 【详解2】more and more popular 表达“越来越···“ 比较级+and+比较级 It’s getting colder and colder.天气越来越冷了。 She is more and more beautiful.她越来越漂亮了。 知识点15：The Olympic rings are the symbol of the Olympics. These five coloured rings symbolise the union of the five continents,and the meeting of athletes from around the world at the Olympic Games. 奥运五环是奥运会的象征。这五个彩环象征着五大洲的联合，以及来自世界各地的运动员在奥运会上的相聚。 【详解】the symbol of···的象征 The dove is the symbol of the peace.鸽子是和平的象征。 symbol n. 象征 symbolise v.象征；使用符号 知识点16：These three words encourage athletes to do their best during the competition. 这三个词在比赛中鼓励运动员全力以赴。 【详解】do one’s best竭尽全力 do/try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事 知识点17：What are you good at(e.g. sports, English, cooking, etc.)? Do you agree with the idea “The more you practise, the better you will be.”? 【详解1】be good at 擅长做某事 be good at+sth./ doing sth. 1. 她擅长科学。She is good at science. 2. 我擅长游泳。I am good at swimming. 同义短语： do well in 【详解2】agree with sb./sth.同意··· agree v.同意 disagree v.不同意 agreement n. 同意 我不同意你的建议。I can’t agree with your suggestion. 知识点18：“The more you practise, the better you will be.”? 【详解】the+比较级，the+比较级越····就越···· The+比较级（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语） 你越努力，就会越幸运。The harder you study, the luckier you will be. 知识点19：When did you start playing football? 【详解】start doing sth.开始做某事 As soon as Tina came back, she started doing her homework. to start with=to begin with 开始 知识点20：I think I was about 4 or 5 years old when I started kicking a ball around. The more l practised, the better I became. At the age of 9, my parents decided I should start training. 【详解1】kick a ball踢球 【详解2】at the age of在某人···岁的时候 在我5岁的时候，我开始学习踢球。 At the age of 5, I started kicking a ball. 知识点21：We train very hard. We practise passing the ball and scoring goals. 【详解】practise doing sth.练习做某事 practise v.练习 practice n.练习 If you practise speaking(speak) English, you’ll soon improve. 知识点22：We also do exercises to keep fit. When a player is fit, it's easier to run for 90 minutes during a game! 【详解】fit v. 适合；试穿；安置 adj.健康的；合适的；胜任的； n.合身；匹配 keep fit 保持健康 be fit for 适合；胜任 她每天跑步以此保持健康。She tries to keep fit by running every day. 知识点23：In class, I focus only on my schoolwork. Training always takes place after class. 【详解】focus··· on 专注于 我们应该关注环境问题。We should focus on the environmental issues. 【详解】training···takes··· 动名词做主语，谓语动词用三单。 Eating vegetables and fruit is(be) good for our health. 知识点24：When she was a child, she wanted to join the basketball team like her sister, but her PE teacher advised her to try volleyball instead, and she did. 【详解】advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 advise v.建议—advice Un. 建议 a piece of advice suggest v. 建议—suggestion Cn.建议 我妈妈建议我参加足球队。My mom advised me to join the football team. 知识点25：She trained the hardest in the volleyball team and she wore out a pair of shoes every month! 【详解1】hardest 最努力地 hardest是harder的最高级。 最高级常用与比较三个或三个以上的人或事物，表示“最····” 【详解2】wear out 磨损，用坏 知识点26：And she became one of the most respected sports heroes in China.最受尊敬的体育英雄之一 【详解】在最高级中，如果要表示“最···之一， one of +the +最高级+可数名词复数+of/in 范围 她是队里最努力的排球运动员之一。She is one of the hardest volleyball players in the team. 知识点27："The spirit of the Chinese women's volleyball team doesn't lie in winning, but in never giving up, even when it seems like you cannot win." 【详解】lie in 躺在；位于；在于 成功的秘诀在于勇敢地面对失败。The secret of success lies in facing your failure bravely. 【详解】give up放弃 give up sth./doing sth.放弃（做）某事 单元语法：形容词的级 一．形容词的功能和位置 1. 形容词作定语，一般放在所修饰的名词前面，且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。如： I have an interesting book. a big yellow wooden wheel一个黄色的大木轮 Would you like something hot to drink? Something serious has happened to him. 【注意】“基数词+名词+形容词”可构成复合形容词，用作定语。复合形容词中的名词只能用单数形式，而且这个复合形容词只放在被修饰的名词前。 如：an eight-year-old boy 一个8岁的男孩 2.形容词作表语，放在系动词(be, look, feel, smell, sound….)的后面。 如：He is tall. He looks happy today. 3. 形容词作宾语的补语，放在keep, make, leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语。如： Do you think it necessary? Doing morning exercises can keep us healthy. 4. 形容词作状语。如：He arrived home, hungry and tired. 5. 形容词作主语放在句首，作宾语放在动词或介词后。 如：The young should be polite to the old. The new always take the place of the old. 6.“数词＋形容词”表示“长、宽、高、深、重、远离及年龄”，形容词应该置于名词后。 如：He’s 1.8 metres tall. The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth. 7. 只能作表语的形容词： 以下这些形容词：afraid; alone; asleep; awake; alive; well健康的; ill; frightened等，只能用做表语。 如：（误）The ill man is my uncle. （正）The man is ill. 8.形容词常用句型： （1）“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth. 注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者（人）的性格、品质的形容词。 如：good, kind, nice, polite, clever, foolish, lazy, careful, careless, right（正确的），wrong等。 如：It’s very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me. （2）“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=To do sth is adj for sb. 注意：这一句型中常用描述做某事性质的形容词。 如：important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, dangerous, safe, useful, pleasant, interesting, impossible等。 如：It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language. =To learn a foreign language is not easy for them. （3）表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad, pleased, sad, thankful等常接不定式。 如：I’m very sad to hear the bad news. I’m very glad to see you. （4）表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready（乐意的，有准备的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。 如：Lei Feng is always ready to help others. He is sure to get to school on time. （5）sb. find/make/think+it+形容词+to do sth. (某人发现/认为/使得做某事怎样) 句中的it是形式宾语，不定式短语to do sth.为真正的宾语，形容词在句中作宾语补足语。 如：I found it important to learn English well. 我发现学好英语重要。 二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成规律 （一）规则变化 1. 规则变化 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est High–higher–highest fast–faster– fastest 以字母e结尾的词，直接加-r或-st nice–nicer–nicest late–later–latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先把y变为i，再加-er或-est busy–busier–busiest early–earlier–earliest 以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母， 再加-er或-es． hot–hotter–hottest thin–thinner–thinnest 多音节和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most difficult–more difficult–most difficult quickly–more quickly–most quickly （二）不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 older较旧的，较老的 oldest最旧的，最老的 elder较年长的 eldest最年长的 far远的；远地 farther(指距离)更远的；更远地 farthest(指距离)最远的/地 further(指程度)进一步的/地 furthest(指程度)最深刻的/地 下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。如：like, real, right, glad, tired, pleased, often, exact等。 【注意】有些形容词如：dead, empty, sure, round, woolen等无比较级和最高级。 三．形容词、副词比较等级的用法 （一）原级的用法 ⒈ 讲述某人/物自身的情况时，用原级。只能修饰原级的词有：very, quite, so, too, rather。 基本句型为：“主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather…)+形容词/副词原级 +其它.” He is very old now. They ran quite fast. The weather looks rather bad. I am so happy! ⒉ 原级常用的句型结构 ⑴ 表示两者之间没有差别时，即A= B，使用句型：“A +谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.” 如：Tom is as old as Kate. He is as excited as his younger sister. Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady. ⑵ 表示A比不上B时，即A＜B，使用句型：“A+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.”（so只能用于否定句中，as既可以用于肯定句也可以用于否定句中） 如：This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn’t walk as slowly as you. 【注意】在as ... as结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰。 如：She is as good a teacher as your father. 她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。 “as (so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as。not so much…as (或not…so much as)的意思是“不如……那样多”或“与其说是……不如说是……”。 如：Henry is not so much a writer as a reporter. 与其说亨利是一个作家不如说是一个记者。 They weren’t so much islands as sandbars. 与其说那是些岛屿，还不如说都是些沙洲。 ⒊ 表示“相当于……的一半/两倍/三倍……”等时，用“half/twice/three/four/…times as+形容词原级+as”句型。如： This book is half as thick as that one. // This garden is ten times as large as that one. ⒋“the same＋名词＋as”表示同等比较。 如：I’m the same tall as you. （二）比较级的用法 1. 比较级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示两者比较，A超过B时，用比较级。基本句型为：“A+谓语动词(系动词)+形容词/副词比较级+than+B+ 其它”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。 如：He works harder than I. This book didn’t cost me more than that one. ⑵ 表示两者比较，A不及B时，用比较级。句型是：“A+谓语动词+less+(多音节形/副)比较级+than+B+其它”。如： I think English is less difficult than maths. Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language? ⑶ “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。 如： Wang Gang is the taller of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ⑷ “比较级+ and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。 如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer. The days are getting longer and longer. He becomes fatter and fatter. // English is becoming more and more important. ⑸ “The + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”表示“越……越……”、“越……就越……” 如：The more trees we plant, the better it will be. The harder you try, the greater your progress is. ⑹ “特殊疑问词+be+形容词/副词的比较级+甲or乙？”用于两者之间的比较。 如：Which do you like better, the blue coat or the white coat? 2. 需注意的比较级的用法： ⑴ 比较级前还可以用a little, much, far, a lot, still, even等来修饰。以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 如：Tom looks even younger than before. / Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. ⑵ than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。 如：My pencil is longer than yours (your pencil). ⑶ 用比较级表示最高级含义的常用句型有： ① 比较级+than+any other+单数名词。 如：Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class. =Xiaoming is taller than(any of)the other boys in his class. =Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class. ② 比较级+than+the other+复数名词。 如：Tom is taller than the other boys in our class. ③ 比较级+than+anyone else。 如：Tom is taller than anyone else in our class. ④ 比较级+than+all other+复数名词。 如：This building is higher than all other buildings in Beijing. ⑤ Nobody else+比较级+than …。 如：Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class. ⑥ 有关的否定词+比较级。 如：No other books has had a greater influence on my work and study. I never read a more interesting book. （三）最高级的用法 1. 最高级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级。基本句型为：主语+谓语动+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among+表示比较范围的名词、短语或从句。（of/among+人或物的复数形式，表示“在……之中的；在……中”；“in+地点、范围”表示“在……之中”。 如：He runs fastest in our class. This is the biggest apple I have ever met. He is the best among the students. ⑵“one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”。 如：He is one of the cleverest students in our class. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. ⑶“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。 如：Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn? （时间：40分钟） 一．用单词的恰当形式填空 1. My mom is busy (cook) dinner. 2. Do you know the secret to (live) up to 100 years? 3. Would you like to go (swim) with me after school? 4. It’s not easy (lose) weight. 5. My parents encourage me (join) in the basketball club. 6. Running is a great way (keep) fit. 7. My mom eats less meat to keep (health). 8. He had finally achieved ____________(succeed) in the Math competition. 9. The five Olympic rings___________(symbol) five continents. 10. In Chinese folklore (民间传说) the bat (蝙蝠)is a___________(symbolise) of good fortune. 11. The ___________(meet) will close at 10.00 p.m. 12. He was very___________ (success) in his middle forties. 13. My dad is good at (cook) Chinese food. 14. The more you read, the (much) knowledge you will get. 15.When I was 5 years old, I started (play) Guzheng. 16. You should practise (speak) English bravely. 17. It is important (balance) our studies and exercise. 18. My grandpa advised me __________ (wear) a pair of iron shoes for training. 19. The champion's career seems __________ (continue) inspiring young athletes. 20.Those gold medals __________ (win) in the battle of championships lie in the trophy case. 21. After __________ (step) down, the head coach still gives up __________ (lie) about his career. 22. His fighting spirit makes him __________ (not seem) to wear out even in the toughest battles 【答案】1.cooking 2.living 3.swimming 4.to lose 5.to join 6.to keep 7.healthy8.success; 9.symbolise/symbolize; 10.symbol; 11.meeting; 12.successful13. cooking; 14. more; 15. playing; 16. speaking; 17. to balance18.to wear; 19.to continue; 20.won; 21.stepping, lying; 22.not seem 二．完成句子 1. 为了保持健康，我每天跑步一小时。 ______ ______healthy, I run an hour every day. 2. 我自己去打篮球。I play basketball______ ______ . 3. 我爸爸总是忙于工作，很少回家。My dad is ______ ______ his work and he seldom goes home. 4. 对我来说，学数学很困难。 It is ______ for me to______ math. 5. 吃午饭的时间到了。It’s time______ ______ dinner. 6. 校园艺术节将在下周一举办。 The School Art Festival will ______ ______on Monday next week. 7. 只有最好的运动员可以参加这个比赛。 Only the best athletes can ______ ______ in the competition. 8.一个人无论何时都应尽自己最大的努力。 One should ______ his/her ______ at all times. 9. 他们鼓励男孩子们要勇敢。 They ______ boys ______ be brave. 10. 中国制作灯笼的历史悠久。 China has a______ ______ of making lanterns. 11. 你越努力，成绩就会越好。 The______ you study, the______ grades you will get. 12. 我决定去学习中文。 I decide ______ ______ Chinese. 13.每天早上跑步半小时是一个保持健康的好方法 Running half an hour every day ______ a good way to ______ fit. 14. 在我5岁时，我练习游泳。 At the age of 5, I ______ ______ . 15. 吃蔬菜和水果对于我们来说是健康的。 It’s ______for ______ to eat vegetables and fruit. 16. 这位主教练建议球员放弃无效训练，转而专注基础练习。 The head coach advised the players to ______ ______ ineffective training and focus on basic practice instead. 17. 她的勇气存在于面对困难时从不退缩的精神中。 Her courage______ ______the spirit of never stepping down when facing difficulties. 18. 她建议我换一双鞋，因为旧的那双已经穿破了。 She advised me to change a pair of shoes, for the old ones had been ______ ______. 19. 出生于小镇的他，如今成为了各行各业都尊敬的英雄。 ______ ______ a small town, he now becomes a respected hero in all walks of life. 20. 队长决定辞职后，全队的士气似乎需要新的激励。 After the captain decided to ______ ______, the team’s morale seemed to need new inspiration. 【答案】1.to keep; 2.by myself; 3.busy with; 4.hard, learn; 5.to have/eat6.take place; 7.take part; 8.do/try best; 9.encourage to; 10.long history11.harder; better; 12. to learn/study; 13.is; keep; 14. Practised swimming; 15. healthy; us16.give up; 17.lies in; 18.worn out; 19.Born in; 20.step down 三．单词拼写 1.The 　　　　　(努力) you practise， the greater progress you will make.  【答案】 harder　考查副词比较级。hard努力，为副词;本句为“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构，意为“越……，就越……”。故填harder。 2.We students now use 　　　　throwaway products than before.(few)  【答案】fewer　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据句子中的than可知，设空处应用比较级，故填fewer。 3.Asking questions is one of the 　　　　　(最容易的) ways to lead you to active learning.  【答案】easiest　考查形容词最高级的用法。“容易的”用easy表示，由空前的one of the及所给的汉语意思可知，此处应用最高级形式。故填easiest。 4.After a night’s rain， the mountains are much greener and the air is much 　　　　　(fresh).  【答案】fresher　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据空前的the air is much可知，此处填形容词，much修饰比较级，fresh的比较级是fresher。故填fresher。 5.The programme Drive less，cycle more will reduce pollution and make streets much 　　　　　(安全的).  【答案】safer　考查形容词比较级的用法。此处是“make+宾语+adj.”结构，“安全的”是safe，空格前的much修饰比较级，所以填safer。 6.The next morning he got up 　　　　　than before to practise football.(early)  【答案】earlier　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据设空处后面的than可知，此设空处应该用比较级，故答案为earlier。 7.Have you ever driven through a red traffic light? Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven 　　　　　　(fast) than the speed limit(限制)?  【答案】faster　所给提示词为副词,由后面的than可知,此处应用副词的比较级形式。故填faster。 8.I'm proud of being Chinese because China is one of the 　　　　　　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  【答案】greatest　根据汉语提示可知,答案为greatest。 9.It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel 　　　　　　(early) than usual.  【答案】earlier　根据than可知应用比较级,此处表示“我们”到达旅馆的时间比平时早。故填earlier。 10.The Camp Fire was one of 　　　　　　(big) fires in California history.  【答案】the biggest　此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,表示“最……的……之一”。故填the biggest。 11.It's certain that we need to eat 　　　　(更少的) sugar.  【答案】less　考查形容词比较级。由汉语提示可知,设空处应填little或者few的比较级,因为后面的sugar是不可数名词,所以填little的比较级less。 12.In Spanish you have to change the verbs (动词) for each person. But my 　　　　(big) problem of all was the pronunciation.  【答案】biggest　考查形容词最高级。空后的of all提示设空处的形容词应用最高级形式,表示“所有问题中最大的问题”,故填biggest。 13.Of the three cities, Ningbo, our hometown, is the 　　　　(生机勃勃的).  【答案】liveliest　考查形容词最高级。由Of the three cities与空前的the可知,应填形容词最高级。故填liveliest。 14.I can’t speak too 　　　　　(high) of the beauty of Yangzhou， especially in spring.  【答案】highly　句意:我对扬州的美再怎么赞美也不为过，尤其是在春天。此空修饰动词speak，应该用high的副词形式highly。故填highly。 15.Mr. King did a 　　　　　(crazy) thing than we did last week， and we were all shocked by him.  【答案】crazier　根据空后的thing和than可知，空处应用形容词crazy的比较级形式crazier，作定语。故填crazier。 16.Humans should always learn how to live 　　　　　(peace) with other living things together.   【答案】peacefully　此处修饰动词live用副词peacefully，故填peacefully。 17.Full River Red(《满江红》) is 　　　　　(exciting) film I’ve ever seen.  【答案】the most exciting　句意:《满江红》是我看过的最激动人心的电影。根据“I’ve ever seen”可知，此处用最高级，exciting的最高级为most exciting。形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，故填the most exciting。 18.　　　　　(luck)， her family members were all fine after the flood.  【答案】Luckily　根据“her family members were all fine after the flood”可知，她的家庭成员在洪灾过后都没事，这是一件幸运的事情，此处应该用副词修饰整个句子。luck“运气”，名词，其副词形式是luckily，指“幸运地”，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。 19.Some people think such a problem should be dealt with 　　　　　.(peace)  【答案】peacefully　根据“such a problem should be dealt with”可知，此空应填副词，用来修饰动词。“peace”和平是名词，其副词形式是peacefully。故填peacefully。 20.Nora would like to be a 　　　　　(社会的) worker when she grows up.  【答案】social　句意:Nora长大后想当一名社会工作者。social“社会的”。故填social。 21.With the country’s 　　　　　(far) development， there is no doubt that China will do more for world peace.  【答案】further　句意:随着中国的进一步发展，毫无疑问，中国将为世界和平做更多的事情。由语境可知，应用far的比较级further。further development“进一步发展”，故填further。 22.This is the 　　　　　(tidy) room I have ever seen. I love it very much!  【答案】tidiest　根据I have ever seen“我见过的”可知用最高级，根据I love it very much!可知此房间是最整洁的。故填tidiest。 23. A gentle touch on the neck makes the cat much 　　　　　(sleep).  【答案】sleepier　make sb./sth.+adj.“使某人/某物……”，sleepy“困倦的”符合语境，空前有much修饰，应用形容词比较级。故填sleepier。 24.When I was a little boy， I lived in the 　　　　　(south) part of the town with my grandparents.  【答案】southern　这里填south的形容词，修饰名词part。故填southern。 25.The more you try to improve yourself， the 　　　　　you will feel. (happy)  【答案】happier　此句是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”。happy的比较级是happier“更快乐”，故填happier。 四．阅读理解 A * The word “workshop” means a program for a small group of people to get knowledge, experience or skills. 1．How many new sports or games are there for students to join in? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．How long will the Sports Day last? A．6.5 hours. B．7.5 hours. C．8.5 hours. D．9.5 hours. 3．We can probably read the text from a(n) ________. A．website B．novel C．diary D．notice 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一则通知，主要介绍了学校体育日的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“This year, we have some new sports and games for you to take part in! You can choose to join in: Basketball, Football, Badminton, Ping-pong”可知，学生可以参加的新运动或游戏有四种：篮球、足球、羽毛球和乒乓球。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Time: Friday, October 18, 9:00 a.m.—4:30 p.m.”可知，体育日从上午九点开始，到下午四点半结束，将持续7.5个小时。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章内容和格式可推知，这篇文章可能来自一则通知。故选D。 B According to a recently released measure (措施) to strengthen physical education in schools, primary and middle school students in Shenzhen will have daily PE classes from Jan 1, 2024. As part of the measure, these schools will allocate no less than 30 minutes for sports activities throughout the day. In Buxin Primary School, the number of PE classes rose to 200, with each lesson lasting for 40 minutes. And the school had to ask teachers from other subjects to lead some PE classes because of lacking (缺少) PE teachers. Liu Xunhua, a Chinese teacher, has taken on the role of a PE teacher. Liu leads students in jumping rope and jumping jacks. “Everything is for students’ health, and we support the new measure.” said Liu. However, there are still many issues to be solved. A key problem faced by many schools is the limited (有限的) space available for new PE classes. In Longhua Foreign Languages School, for example, if there are too many PE classes at the same time, teachers have to take students to Luhuci park opposite the school. Qilin No. 2 Middle School in Nanshan began daily PE classes as early as November 2021. Now the school is trying out intelligent sports bracelets (手环) to ensure that each child receives a suitable amount of exercise. As for public opinion, Yuan Yinuo, a 6th grader from Buxin Primary School, believes sports activities help reduce (减少) stress. Chen Xinru, a grade 8 student from Xin’an Middle School, said a daily PE class could increase their ability for learning. “When I’m tired, I can relax by running or playing basketball and I can ______,” said Chen. However, some parents are worried that students may not have enough time to complete their learning tasks because some of students’ classes have been replaced by PE classes. 1．What does the underlined word “allocate” in the first paragraph mean? A．discuss B．cancel C．give D．avoid 2．How does the writer describe the problem faced by many schools in Para 3? A．By describing a place. B．By interviewing a teacher. C．By telling a story. D．By giving an example. 3．Which can be probably put in ______ in Para 5? A．pay more attention to class B．become much healthier than before C．reduce lots of pressure in my life D．improve my expression ability 4．Which one of the statements is a FACT according to the passage? A．All the Chinese teachers have played the role of PE teachers in Buxin Primary School. B．Limited space for new PE classes is the only problem that many schools are facing. C．Qilin No. 2 Middle School has carried out a daily PE class for over 2 years. D．Not only teachers but also parents support the new measure now. 5．Where can you probably find this passage? A．In a dictionary. B．On a website. C．In a history book. D．In a travel guide. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了国家颁布了加强学校体育教育的措施之后，深圳的一些学校在体育课的安排上的情况以及面临的一些问题。 1．词句猜测题。根据前文“According to a recently released measure to strengthen physical education in schools”及“As part of the measure, these schools will allocate no less than 30 minutes for sports activities throughout the day.”可知，作为措施的一部分，这些学校将全天安排不少于30分钟的体育活动，划线单词应表达“分派”。选项C“给”符合题意。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, there are still many issues to be solved.”及“In Longhua Foreign Languages School, for example, if there are too many PE classes at the same time, teachers have to take students to Luhuci park opposite the school.”可知，本段主要通过举例的方式来描述许多学校面临的问题。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“As for public opinion, Yuan Yinuo, a 6th grader from Buxin Primary School, believes sports activities help reduce stress.”及“When I’m tired, I can relax by running or playing basketball and I can…”可知，此处应表达体育活动有助于减少压力。选项C“减轻我生活中的许多压力”符合题意。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Qilin No. 2 Middle School in Nanshan began daily PE classes as early as November 2021.”可知，南山麒麟二中早在2021年11月就开始了每天的体育课，因此麒麟二中已经坚持每天上体育课两年多了。故选C。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了国家颁布了加强学校体育教育的措施之后，深圳的一些学校在体育课的安排上的情况以及面临的一些问题。因此有可能会在网站上看到这篇文章。故选B。 C This year, Chinese schools have introduced a special program called “the Extended Recess Activity (大课间)” to help students stay healthy and happy. This activity usually lasts 30 minutes every morning and afternoon. During the 30 minutes, students can walk out of the classrooms to relax, exercise and chat with friends. In Shaanxi Province, many schools organize fun games like rope jumping, relay races and group dances during the Extended Recess Activity. Teachers and students often play together happily. For example, a middle school in Baoji enjoys traditional Chinese exercises like Tai Chi or modern sports like basketball. The school also holds competitions, such as “the most creative class activity” to encourage teamwork. Studies show that these activities not only improve students’ physical health but also reduce their stress. A student named Li Ming shared, “Before the Extended Recess Activity, I felt tired after classes. Now, I feel refreshed and focus better on lessons.” A healthy body and mind are basic to learning. And the Extended Recess Activity helps students build lifelong habits of keeping active and working together. 1．How long does the Extended Recess Activity usually last each time? A．10 minutes. B．15 minutes. C．30 minutes. D．60 minutes. 2．The underlined word “reduce” means “________” in Paragraph 3. A．cut down B．depend on C．eat up D．stick to 3．What is the main purpose of the Extended Recess Activity? A．To reduce teachers’ stress. B．To increase homework time. C．To replace regular PE classes. D．To improve students’ health and social skills. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The Extended Recess Activity is only organized in Shaanxi Province. B．The Extended Recess Activity helps students focus better on lessons. C．The Extended Recess Activity only takes place in the morning. D．Only students take part in the Extended Recess Activity. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国学校推行的“大课间”活动及其对学生健康和团队合作的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“This activity usually lasts 30 minutes every morning and afternoon.”可知，这项活动通常在每天上午和下午各进行30分钟。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据文章“Studies show that these activities not only improve students’ physical health but also reduce their stress.”可知，大课间活动能减少学生的压力，“reduce”与“cut down”同义，表示“减少”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“During the 30 minutes, students can walk out of the classrooms to relax, exercise and chat with friends.”可知，大课间活动时，学生们可以走出教室放松、锻炼、和朋友聊天，由此可知它的目的是提升学生健康和社交能力。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Before the Extended Recess Activity, I felt tired after classes. Now, I feel refreshed and focus better on lessons.”可知，在大课间活动实行后，学生感到神清气爽，也能更好地集中精力学习。也就是说大课间活动帮助学生更好地集中注意力上课。故选B。 $