Unit 1 Period 2 Learning About Language（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 分层设计清晰，从基础巩固到高考衔接，覆盖词汇、语法、语篇，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|基础词汇、语法|短语翻译、单词拼写，夯实语言基础| |B组能力进阶|句型应用、语法综合|完成句子、语法填空，提升语言运用能力| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解、逻辑分析|阅读理解、七选五，培养思维品质| |拓展链接高考|高考真题演练|语法填空、阅读真题，衔接高考测评|

分层作业 Unit 1 Period 2 Learning About Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.stand up to 2.wear and tear 3.come to a conclusion 4.flee from 5.under no circumstances 6.be distinct from 7.be acknowledged as/to be 8.be designed by 9.under construction 10.a flow chart 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.flee 2.flowed 3.circumstances 4.chart 5.conclusion 6.novel 三、单句语法填空。 1.when 2.Who;delicately 3.who 4.which 5.As 6.when 7.where 8.which 9.where 10.who 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.Whatever circumstances we are in / No matter what circumstances we are in 2.It struck me / It occurred to me 3.how to improve / how we can improve 4.drew / came to / reached some scientific conclusions 5.which makes it easier 五、语法填空 【导语】本文体裁为新闻报道。文章主要报道了2024年巴黎奥运会女子单打网球半决赛中，中国选手郑钦文成功晋级决赛，并创造了中国网球在奥运会单打项目上的最佳纪录。文章还详细描述了比赛的过程、郑钦文的表现以及她之前与对手的比赛记录，最后强调了这场比赛对中国网球的重要意义。 【答案】 1．were 2．best 3．had lost 4．performance 5．while 6．eventually 7．to win 8．recalling 9．of 10．but 【详解】1．考查动词时态。句意：2024年8月1日，巴黎奥运会女子单打网球半决赛如火如荼地进行。根据时间状语On August 1, 2024可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且主语the women’s singles tennis semifinals为复数，be动词用were。故填were。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：中国选手郑勤文以2-0（6- 2,7 -5）的惊人比分击败了世界排名第一的波兰选手伊加Świątek，成功晋级决赛，并创造了中国网球在奥运会单打项目中的最佳纪录。此处表示“最好的”，应用形容词good的最高级best。故填best。 3．考查动词时态。句意：此前，郑钦文在与Świątek的六次交锋中全部失利。lose“失去，输掉（比赛）”。此处表示过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时。故填had lost。 4．考查名词。句意：然而，在这场关键的对决中，郑钦文在第一盘表现出色，取得了三次成功的破发。此处用名词performance“表现”，作had的宾语。故填performance。 5．考查连词。句意：她仅有6次非受迫性失误，而Świątek在这一盘中有16次非受迫性失误。此处表示对比关系，应用连词while“然而”。故填while。 6．考查副词。句意：但郑钦文并没有气馁，顽强地将比分扳平，最终以7-5赢得了这一盘，确保了胜利。此处应用副词eventually“最终”，作状语，修饰动词winning。故填eventually。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：郑钦文因此成为首位获得奥运会网球单打奖牌的中国选手。本句谓语为became，此处为非谓语动词，Chinese player与win“赢得”为主动关系，且Chinese player有序数词first修饰，本空用win的不定式，作后置定语，修饰名词Chinese player 。故填to win。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾郑钦文在2024年巴黎奥运会女子单打网球项目中的征程，充满了挑战和惊喜。本句系动词为was，本空为非谓语动词，此处为评注性状语，此处的逻辑主语是文章的作者，且与recall“回顾”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 9．考查介词。句意：这场比赛对中国网球具有非凡的意义。此处用介词of，be of+抽象名词。故填of。 10．考查固定搭配。句意：她不仅展示了自己出色的个人能力，还为中国网球的发展注入了强大的信心。not only...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”为固定搭配，本空应用连词but。故填but。 6、 阅读理解 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来自贫穷的家庭，但是作者从贫穷中学会了自信和坚持。 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using. However, one day, I asked my mom why our money looked different. She said because we did not have real money to buy food, so the government helped us.(我妈妈用的纸币和排队的其他人用的纸币看起来不一样。然而，有一天，我问妈妈为什么我们的钱看起来不一样。她说因为我们没有真正的钱去买食物，所以政府帮助了我们)”可知，妈妈在商店里使用了不同的纸币是为了不用真钱买食物。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“My mother who was a great woman with wisdom taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself.(我的母亲是一位充满智慧的伟大女性，她教会我如何去爱，并告诉我要相信自己)”可知，妈妈是充满智慧的，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As I became a man, I thought my experiences are very useful and vital! It taught me to be resilient (有韧性的), and how to respect people for who they are as an individual — and not by what they have. I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poverty that do not actually come from the people experiencing it. These judgments come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience. Hardworking, trustworthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not typically associated with poverty. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poverty! Therefore, I am glad to say I am really proud to be who I am and proud of where I’m from!(当我长大成人，我认为我的经验是非常有用的和重要的!它教会了我如何适应，以及如何尊重人们作为一个个体，而不是他们拥有什么。我认为有很多固定的形象被放在那些经历贫困的人身上，而这些形象实际上并不是来自经历贫困的人。这些判断来自于局外人，他们试图不去了解这些经历。勤奋、值得信赖、可靠、干净、高效、成功和自律，这些词通常都与贫穷无关。但那些经历过贫困的人非常清楚这些话！因此，我很高兴地说，我真的为我是谁而自豪，为我来自哪里而自豪！)”可知，作者介绍了自己从贫穷中所学到自信和坚持，可推知作者是感激的，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poverty that do not actually come from the people experiencing it. These judgments come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience. Hardworking, trustworthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not typically associated with poverty. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poverty! Therefore, I am glad to say I am really proud to be who I am and proud of where I’m from!(我认为有很多固定的形象被放在那些经历贫困的人身上，而这些形象实际上并不是来自经历贫困的人。这些判断来自于局外人，他们试图不去了解这些经历。勤奋、值得信赖、可靠、干净、高效、成功和自律，这些词通常都与贫穷无关。但那些经历过贫困的人非常清楚这些话！因此，我很高兴地说，我真的为我是谁而自豪，为我来自哪里而自豪！)”以及文章主旨是“我”来自贫穷的家庭，但是，“我”从贫穷中学会了自信和坚持，可知，B选项“贫穷成长的教训”最符合文章标题。故选B。 （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期中） 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作者自身的经历引出讨论的主题，探讨了面对挑战和失败的态度，并提出了转变思维方式以更好地应对挑战的观点。 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Allow me to list the short-lived hobbies I started and quickly gave up when I didn’t succeed pottery, softball, violin and designing new-style T-shirts. Uncomfortable to ask for help, I’d rather drop a hobby than give myself time to improve. Being challenged can make me angry sometimes. (请允许我列出我开始的短暂的爱好，当我不成功时很快就放弃了陶器，垒球，小提琴和设计新型t恤。不愿意寻求帮助，我宁愿放弃一个爱好，也不愿给自己时间去提高。被挑战有时会让我生气。)”可知，第一段列举了作者曾经尝试过但很快放弃的爱好，目的是引出文章的主题，即面对挑战和失败的态度。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Babies and children feel challenged almost at everything, because each experience is new. Adults, on the other hand, see anything less than doing really well as failure. If you’re at all like me, you protect yourself from (婴儿和儿童几乎在任何事情上都感到挑战，因为每一次经历都是新的。另一方面，成年人认为任何做得不好的事情都是失败的。如果你和我一样，你会保护自己不受这种感觉的影响，避免那些可能显示出缺乏能力的爱好。)”可知，this feeling指的是成年人将不能很好地完成某事视为失败的感觉。A. Feeling confident almost at everything几乎对所有事情都充满信心；B. Dropping a hobby rather than improving it放弃爱好而不是改进它；C. Seeing anything that can’t do well as failure把做不好的事情看作是失败；D. Avoiding hobbies showing a lack of abilities避免缺乏能力的爱好。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的““To develop a growth mindset, remind yourself that the first time you began any endeavor, you probably met challenges,” says Daya Grant, a mental performance coach. “Then you got better. As you learn and build skills, however slowly, celebrate those little wins. A win is a win. It doesn’t really matter to the brain how big or small it is.” (心理表现教练Daya Grant说：“要培养成长型思维，提醒自己第一次开始努力的时候，你可能会遇到挑战。”“然后你就好多了。当你学习和培养技能时，无论多么缓慢，都要庆祝这些小小的胜利。赢了就是赢了。对大脑来说，它的大小并不重要。”)”可知，Daya Grant认为在培养成长型思维时，重要的是要有足够的耐心和信心，并庆祝每一个小的胜利。故选C。 4．推理判断题。从最后一段““But If you love the challenge,” Grant says, “or enjoy the hard work, accept the fact that you may be doing the thing, whether it’s dancing or playing the violin, well enough.” This reminder is one I’ll take with me as I start new projects that I might not be naturally good at. Catch me at a pottery wheel or playing my guitar in my bedroom. Or don’t. The results may not be pretty—and I do not care. (“但如果你喜欢挑战，”Grant说，“或者享受艰苦的工作，接受这样一个事实：你可能正在做这件事，无论是跳舞还是拉小提琴，都做得很好。”当我开始新项目时，这个提醒是我会随身携带的，因为我可能天生不擅长。抓住我玩陶艺轮或者在我卧室弹吉他的机会。或不。结果可能不太好，但我不在乎。)”可以看出，作者现在学会了如何接受挑战，不再在意结果是否完美。故选D。 七、七选五 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就怎样才能成为伟大的人发表自己观点，即充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力，从而找到一个合理的成功水平。 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 【详解】1．由上文“So, what does it take to be great? I thoroughly reject the ‘10 years, 10,000 hours’ notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time.(那么，怎样才能成为伟大的人呢？我坚决反对‘10年，10000小时’的观点，即只要投入足够的时间，任何人都可以成为专家。)”可知，作者这里否定只要时间足够就能成为专家，而F项The reality is that genes matter, whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent.(事实上，基因很重要，无论是天生的智力还是天生的身体天赋。)符合语境，即提出自己的观点——基因决定能否成为伟人，且The reality 与下文Another reality 对应，有启下作用。故选F项。 2．由上文“Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes. If you received good ones from your parents thank them. If you didn’t, don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either. (另一个现实是，你无法控制你的基因。如果你得到了父母的好基因，感谢他们。如果你没有，不要责怪你的父母，因为他们也没有选择自己的基因。)”可知，这里讲你无法控制你的基因，而A项Instead, let it go and focus on what you can control.(相反，不必追究它，专注于你能控制的事情。)符合语境，其中Instead与上文形成转折，can control也与上文 can’t control形成对比。故选A项。 3．由下文“What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great, but it isn’t enough. (这意味着你需要天生的能力才能变得伟大，但这还不够。)”可知，这里讲天生的能力也并不足够让你变得伟大，而D项Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness.(天生的能力是伟大的必要因素，但还不够。)符合语境，其中Inborn ability与上下文对应，下句也对本句进行了解释说明，所以本句有启下作用。故选D项。 4．由上文“Talent is only the starting point to greatness and, if you’ re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery, it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning of the race to be great. (天赋只是伟大的起点，如果你足够幸运地赢得了基因彩票，它会让你在比赛一开始就处于领先地位。) ”可知，这里主要讲天赋只是让你起点领先，但不保证终点能领先。而B项But, of course, races aren’t won at the start, but at the finish(但是，当然，比赛不是在开始时获胜，而是在结束时获胜)符合语境，其中at the start与上文at the beginning of对应，at the finish与下文get to the finish 对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选B项。 5．由下文“I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with. That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement, but, if you do what is necessary, you will find a reasonable level of success.(我将其定义为充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力。这种与生俱来的能力可能不足以成为你成就领域的超级明星，但如果你做了必要的事情，你会找到一个合理的成功水平。)”可知，这里主要讲充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力来实现适合你自己的伟大，而C项Rather, your goal should be to find your own personal greatness.(相反，你的目标应该是找到自己的个人伟大之处。)符合语境，其中 your own personal greatness为下文 that的指代内容，所以本句有启下作用。故选C项。 （2026·全国一卷·阅读B） 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者回忆自己通过纸质词典学习单词的经历，并与儿子使用电子设备查询单词的方式形成对比，最终意识到学习的本质在于好奇心与求知欲。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. (不久前，我上五年级的儿子Kevin问我一本小说里某个词的意思。“查字典，”我回答。“但是我的屏幕使用时间已经用完了，”他说。我刻意地看向放着至少三本字典的书架，Kevin夸张地叹了口气。“你就不能用你的手机查吗？”他问道。)”可知，作者提示Kevin用纸质词典查单词，但他想用手机，说明Kevin通常使用电子设备来获取单词的意思。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” (我取下一本字典，我们一起读了几分钟，然后我把它递给了他。他试了好几次才找到那个词。在翻阅书页时，他睁大眼睛不停地说：“怎么会有这么多单词?”)”可知，Kevin查字典才发现有那么多单词，他感到很惊讶。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. (我的第一本字典是我13岁生日时的礼物。我决定要尽可能多地学习单词，并开始用铅笔在我查过的每个词条旁做标记来衡量自己的进步。我持续做这些铅笔标记多年，上大学时，我把那本字典装进了行李箱)”可知，作者的第一本字典见证了她进入大学之前的整个努力过程。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now I understand that although my son may be learning differently, he is still learning. It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. (现在我明白了，虽然我的儿子可能以不同的方式学习，但他仍在学习。重要的不是单词本身或我们如何学习它们，而是想知道它们的欲望、好奇心和求知欲)”可知，作者意识到学习的真正关键在于动机和好奇心。 （2025·全国一卷·阅读B） 【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. (大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing (惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teaching is learning (教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。 （2019·全国二卷·语法填空） 【文体】记叙文：文章讲述了九十岁高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。 【答案】 1． being 2．which 3．finally 4．declared 5．to retire 6．have made 7．but 8．saying 9．a 10．wonderful 【解析】1．考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。句意：一位90岁的女性被称为“年度女性”，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工，每周仍工作40小时。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。 2．考查定语从句which。句意：现在，艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天从早上9点工作到下午5点，在麦克格斯菲尔德的一家宠物店工作，这家店是她和已故的丈夫莱斯一起开的。文体句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened的宾语，故填which。 3．考查词性转换adj.-adv.。句意：她多年的辛勤工作终于得到了认可，一位顾客提名她为柴郡年度女性。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。 4．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时。句意：在领取“终身成就奖”时，自豪的艾琳宣布，她没有从已经成立36年的公司退休的打算。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知，用一般过去时态，故填declared。 5．考查非谓语动词-不定式作定语。句意：在领取“终身成就奖”时，自豪的艾琳宣布，她没有从36岁的公司退休的打算。此处用不定式作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。 6．考查谓语动词-时态-现在完成时。句意：我喜欢来这里，看看我的家人和多年来结交的所有朋友。根据该定语从句中的时间状语over the years可知，此处用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have made。 7．考查并列连词but。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。 8．考查非谓语动词-现在分词作定语。句意：当我们接到电话说她被选中时，我们以为这是个玩笑。前面已经有谓语动词got，故此处用非谓语动词形式，作后置定语，根据say与其逻辑主语call是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填saying。 9．考查冠词。句意：当我们接到电话说她被选中时，我们以为这是个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 10．考查词性转换n.-adj.。句意：这是美妙的。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $分层作业 Unit 1 Period 2 Learning About Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 经受得住 2. 磨损；损耗 3. 得出结论 4. 从……逃离 5. 决不 6. 与......不同 7. 被认作是 8. 由......设计 9. 在建造中 10. 流程图 【答案】 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.stand up to 2.wear and tear 3.come to a conclusion 4.flee from 5.under no circumstances 6.be distinct from 7.be acknowledged as/to be 8.be designed by 9.under construction 10.a flow chart 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.The suspect abandoned his vehicle and tried to ________ (逃跑) on foot. 2.Many cars ________ (流动) in a steady stream along the main road on my way home. 3.Providing that ________ (环境) permit, we shall hold the meeting next week. 4.The population of senior citizens in China, as is shown in the ________ (图表), makes up a large part of the whole population. 5.The authorities will look into the case further before they come to a ________ (结论). 6.By opening a ________ (小说), I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. 【答案】 1.flee 2.flowed 3.circumstances 4.chart 5.conclusion 6.novel 三、单句语法填空。 1.He was born in 1949, the People’s Republic of China was founded. 2.The entire space is animated by the lively conversations of youngsters, are drawn to showcases filled with (delicate) designed cultural and creative products. 3.Also contributing to the event was Chinese ink painter Gu Xiaolan, brought orchid-themed works to the exhibition. 4.The matches are scheduled on weekends, with one round per week, during the 13 teams play each other in a single round-robin format with home and away games. 5. is often the case with the elderly, they like to talk about the old days. 6.We have entered an era, AI can help us do a lot of things. 7.A grand stage, local artists present the breathtaking countryside scenery of Ireland and its precious age-old traditions, leaves every visitor deeply impressed. 8.Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 9.We visited the newly-built public sports center yesterday, many people exercise frequently. 10.But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her education. 【答案】 1.when 2.Who;delicately 3.who 4.which 5.As 6.when 7.where 8.which 9.where 10.who 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.无论我们处在什么情况下，我们仍然要拥有梦想、希望和渴望。 _________________________ , we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires. 2.我突然想起老师也许对我们讨论的那个问题感兴趣。 _________________________ that the teacher might be interested in the problem we had discussed. 3.问题是我们如何在这么短的时间内提升阅读技能。 The problem is _________________________ our reading skills in such a short time. 4.最后，这个科学家得出了一些科学结论，将这种疾病与泵中的镭联系起来。 Finally, the scientist _________________________ , linking the disease to the radium in the pump. 5.我能流利地说英语，这使我更容易帮助有困难的外国人。 I can speak English fluently, _________________________ for me to help foreigners in trouble. 【答案】 1.Whatever circumstances we are in / No matter what circumstances we are in 2.It struck me / It occurred to me 3.how to improve / how we can improve 4.drew / came to / reached some scientific conclusions 5.which makes it easier 五、语法填空 On August 1,2024, the women’s singles tennis semifinals of the Paris Olympics 1 (be) in full swing. Chinese player Zheng Qinwen defeated the world’s number one Polish player, Iga Świątek, with a stunning score of 2-0 (6-2, 7-5), successfully advancing to the final and creating the 2 (good) record for Chinese tennis in the Olympics singles event. Previously, Zheng Qinwen 3 (lose) all six of her previous encounters with Świątek. However, in this crucial matchup, Zheng had an amazing 4 (perform) in the first set, achieving three successful breaks. She made only 6 unforced errors,   5 Świątek made 16 unforced errors in this set. Zheng easily won the first set 6-2. At the beginning of the second set, Świątek’s form rebounded, and she led 4-0 at one point. But Zheng Qinwen was not discouraged and tenaciously equalized the score, 6 (eventual) winning the set 7-5 to secure the victory. Zheng Qinwen thus became the first Chinese player 7 (win) an Olympic tennis singles medal. Her opponent in the women’s singles final on August 3 will be determined between the Croatian player Donna Vekić  and the Slovak player Anna Schmiedlová. 8 (recall) Zheng’s journey in the women’s singles tennis event of the2024 Paris Olympics, it was full of challenges and surprises. This match is 9 extraordinary significance for Chinese tennis. Zheng Qinwen, with her own strength and tenacious fighting spirit, has written a brand new chapter for Chinese tennis. She not only demonstrated her outstanding personal ability 10 injected strong confidence into the development of Chinese tennis. 【导语】本文体裁为新闻报道。文章主要报道了2024年巴黎奥运会女子单打网球半决赛中，中国选手郑钦文成功晋级决赛，并创造了中国网球在奥运会单打项目上的最佳纪录。文章还详细描述了比赛的过程、郑钦文的表现以及她之前与对手的比赛记录，最后强调了这场比赛对中国网球的重要意义。 【答案】 1．were 2．best 3．had lost 4．performance 5．while 6．eventually 7．to win 8．recalling 9．of 10．but 【详解】1．考查动词时态。句意：2024年8月1日，巴黎奥运会女子单打网球半决赛如火如荼地进行。根据时间状语On August 1, 2024可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且主语the women’s singles tennis semifinals为复数，be动词用were。故填were。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：中国选手郑勤文以2-0（6- 2,7 -5）的惊人比分击败了世界排名第一的波兰选手伊加Świątek，成功晋级决赛，并创造了中国网球在奥运会单打项目中的最佳纪录。此处表示“最好的”，应用形容词good的最高级best。故填best。 3．考查动词时态。句意：此前，郑钦文在与Świątek的六次交锋中全部失利。lose“失去，输掉（比赛）”。此处表示过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时。故填had lost。 4．考查名词。句意：然而，在这场关键的对决中，郑钦文在第一盘表现出色，取得了三次成功的破发。此处用名词performance“表现”，作had的宾语。故填performance。 5．考查连词。句意：她仅有6次非受迫性失误，而Świątek在这一盘中有16次非受迫性失误。此处表示对比关系，应用连词while“然而”。故填while。 6．考查副词。句意：但郑钦文并没有气馁，顽强地将比分扳平，最终以7-5赢得了这一盘，确保了胜利。此处应用副词eventually“最终”，作状语，修饰动词winning。故填eventually。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：郑钦文因此成为首位获得奥运会网球单打奖牌的中国选手。本句谓语为became，此处为非谓语动词，Chinese player与win“赢得”为主动关系，且Chinese player有序数词first修饰，本空用win的不定式，作后置定语，修饰名词Chinese player 。故填to win。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾郑钦文在2024年巴黎奥运会女子单打网球项目中的征程，充满了挑战和惊喜。本句系动词为was，本空为非谓语动词，此处为评注性状语，此处的逻辑主语是文章的作者，且与recall“回顾”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 9．考查介词。句意：这场比赛对中国网球具有非凡的意义。此处用介词of，be of+抽象名词。故填of。 10．考查固定搭配。句意：她不仅展示了自己出色的个人能力，还为中国网球的发展注入了强大的信心。not only...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”为固定搭配，本空应用连词but。故填but。 6、 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·福建福州·期末） I grew up in a poor family. This was something I did not realize until I was older. I thought everyone in the city took the bus, because everyone in my neighborhood took the bus. I thought everyone in the city used the food bank, because all my friends’ cupboards were filled with the same government-labeled food that filled my cupboards. We all wore hand-me-down clothes. Grocery shopping was my first experience understanding that my family was a little different. My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using. However, one day, I asked my mom why our money looked different. She said because we did not have real money to buy food, so the government helped us. In high school, I was still embarrassed and wished we were not so poor, but I loved my mom and the other members of my family and knew we had things to be proud of. My mother who was a great woman with wisdom taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself. Growing up in poverty taught me perseverance (毅力). I have always believed in myself and my abilities. I knew I could focus on school and build a life that looked different from my childhood. As I became a man, I thought my experiences are very useful and vital! It taught me to be resilient (有韧性的), and how to respect people for who they are as an individual — and not by what they have. I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poverty that do not actually come from the people experiencing it. These judgments come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience. Hardworking, trustworthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not typically associated with poverty. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poverty! Therefore, I am glad to say I am really proud to be who I am and proud of where I’m from! 1．Why did the mom use different paper money in the shop from the paragraph 2? A．To show our uniqueness. B．To get the extra award. C．To buy food without real money. D．To support the government. 2．What can we learn about the mom from Paragraph 3? A．She was wise. B．She was nervous. C．She was frighted. D．She was negative. 3．What’s the author’s feeling towards his experience when he became a man? A．Unhappy. B．Disappointed. C．Grateful. D．Abnormal. 4．Which title is the best for the text? A．Lessons From struggling for dreams B．Lessons From Growing Up Poor C．Poor Means Stupid D．My Poor Childhood 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来自贫穷的家庭，但是作者从贫穷中学会了自信和坚持。 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using. However, one day, I asked my mom why our money looked different. She said because we did not have real money to buy food, so the government helped us.(我妈妈用的纸币和排队的其他人用的纸币看起来不一样。然而，有一天，我问妈妈为什么我们的钱看起来不一样。她说因为我们没有真正的钱去买食物，所以政府帮助了我们)”可知，妈妈在商店里使用了不同的纸币是为了不用真钱买食物。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“My mother who was a great woman with wisdom taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself.(我的母亲是一位充满智慧的伟大女性，她教会我如何去爱，并告诉我要相信自己)”可知，妈妈是充满智慧的，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As I became a man, I thought my experiences are very useful and vital! It taught me to be resilient (有韧性的), and how to respect people for who they are as an individual — and not by what they have. I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poverty that do not actually come from the people experiencing it. These judgments come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience. Hardworking, trustworthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not typically associated with poverty. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poverty! Therefore, I am glad to say I am really proud to be who I am and proud of where I’m from!(当我长大成人，我认为我的经验是非常有用的和重要的!它教会了我如何适应，以及如何尊重人们作为一个个体，而不是他们拥有什么。我认为有很多固定的形象被放在那些经历贫困的人身上，而这些形象实际上并不是来自经历贫困的人。这些判断来自于局外人，他们试图不去了解这些经历。勤奋、值得信赖、可靠、干净、高效、成功和自律，这些词通常都与贫穷无关。但那些经历过贫困的人非常清楚这些话！因此，我很高兴地说，我真的为我是谁而自豪，为我来自哪里而自豪！)”可知，作者介绍了自己从贫穷中所学到自信和坚持，可推知作者是感激的，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poverty that do not actually come from the people experiencing it. These judgments come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience. Hardworking, trustworthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not typically associated with poverty. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poverty! Therefore, I am glad to say I am really proud to be who I am and proud of where I’m from!(我认为有很多固定的形象被放在那些经历贫困的人身上，而这些形象实际上并不是来自经历贫困的人。这些判断来自于局外人，他们试图不去了解这些经历。勤奋、值得信赖、可靠、干净、高效、成功和自律，这些词通常都与贫穷无关。但那些经历过贫困的人非常清楚这些话！因此，我很高兴地说，我真的为我是谁而自豪，为我来自哪里而自豪！)”以及文章主旨是“我”来自贫穷的家庭，但是，“我”从贫穷中学会了自信和坚持，可知，B选项“贫穷成长的教训”最符合文章标题。故选B。 （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期中） B Allow me to list the short-lived hobbies I started and quickly gave up when I didn’t succeed pottery, softball, violin and designing new-style T-shirts. Uncomfortable to ask for help, I’d rather drop a hobby than give myself time to improve. Being challenged can make me angry sometimes. Babies and children feel challenged almost at everything, because each experience is new. Adults, on the other hand, see anything less than doing really well as failure. If you’re at all like me, you protect yourself from this feeling and avoid hobbies that might show a lack of competence. Although challenges can bring discomfort, we shouldn’t shy away from activities we enjoy simply because we aren’t great at them. As the season for new habits and hobbies comes, put your pride to one side, and embrace the challenge. The way you think about your abilities can influence your performance. There are two ways people view success: fixed mindset and growth mindset. If you have a fixed mindset, you may believe you already have all the skills and abilities you will ever have and you may never improve with effort. Growth mindset is the belief that you can advance through hard work, support, and a different method. “To develop a growth mindset, remind yourself that the first time you began any endeavor, you probably met challenges,” says Daya Grant, a mental performance coach. “Then you got better. As you learn and build skills, however slowly, celebrate those little wins. A win is a win. It doesn’t really matter to the brain how big or small it is.” “But If you love the challenge,” Grant says, “or enjoy the hard work, accept the fact that you may be doing the thing, whether it’s dancing or playing the violin, well enough.” This reminder is one I’ll take with me as I start new projects that I might not be naturally good at. Catch me at a pottery wheel or playing my guitar in my bedroom. Or don’t. The results may not be pretty—and I do not care. 1．What’s the function of the first paragraph? A．To provide background information. B．To bring about the topic of the passage. C．To stress the importance of success. D．To introduce his personal experience 2．What does the underlined word “this feeling” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Feeling confident almost at everything B．Dropping a hobby rather than improving it. C．Seeing anything that can’t do well as failure.D．Avoiding hobbies showing a lack of abilities 3．What does Daya Grant think is important in developing a growth mindset? A．Building practical and creative skills. B．Asking for professional suggestions. C．Having enough patience and confidence. D．Developing a strong sense of competition. 4．What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph? A．He has developed his own ways of succeeding. B．He has learned how to balance life and work. C．He cares a lot about what others think of him D．He now learns how to embrace challenges. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作者自身的经历引出讨论的主题，探讨了面对挑战和失败的态度，并提出了转变思维方式以更好地应对挑战的观点。 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Allow me to list the short-lived hobbies I started and quickly gave up when I didn’t succeed pottery, softball, violin and designing new-style T-shirts. Uncomfortable to ask for help, I’d rather drop a hobby than give myself time to improve. Being challenged can make me angry sometimes. (请允许我列出我开始的短暂的爱好，当我不成功时很快就放弃了陶器，垒球，小提琴和设计新型t恤。不愿意寻求帮助，我宁愿放弃一个爱好，也不愿给自己时间去提高。被挑战有时会让我生气。)”可知，第一段列举了作者曾经尝试过但很快放弃的爱好，目的是引出文章的主题，即面对挑战和失败的态度。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Babies and children feel challenged almost at everything, because each experience is new. Adults, on the other hand, see anything less than doing really well as failure. If you’re at all like me, you protect yourself from (婴儿和儿童几乎在任何事情上都感到挑战，因为每一次经历都是新的。另一方面，成年人认为任何做得不好的事情都是失败的。如果你和我一样，你会保护自己不受这种感觉的影响，避免那些可能显示出缺乏能力的爱好。)”可知，this feeling指的是成年人将不能很好地完成某事视为失败的感觉。A. Feeling confident almost at everything几乎对所有事情都充满信心；B. Dropping a hobby rather than improving it放弃爱好而不是改进它；C. Seeing anything that can’t do well as failure把做不好的事情看作是失败；D. Avoiding hobbies showing a lack of abilities避免缺乏能力的爱好。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的““To develop a growth mindset, remind yourself that the first time you began any endeavor, you probably met challenges,” says Daya Grant, a mental performance coach. “Then you got better. As you learn and build skills, however slowly, celebrate those little wins. A win is a win. It doesn’t really matter to the brain how big or small it is.” (心理表现教练Daya Grant说：“要培养成长型思维，提醒自己第一次开始努力的时候，你可能会遇到挑战。”“然后你就好多了。当你学习和培养技能时，无论多么缓慢，都要庆祝这些小小的胜利。赢了就是赢了。对大脑来说，它的大小并不重要。”)”可知，Daya Grant认为在培养成长型思维时，重要的是要有足够的耐心和信心，并庆祝每一个小的胜利。故选C。 4．推理判断题。从最后一段““But If you love the challenge,” Grant says, “or enjoy the hard work, accept the fact that you may be doing the thing, whether it’s dancing or playing the violin, well enough.” This reminder is one I’ll take with me as I start new projects that I might not be naturally good at. Catch me at a pottery wheel or playing my guitar in my bedroom. Or don’t. The results may not be pretty—and I do not care. (“但如果你喜欢挑战，”Grant说，“或者享受艰苦的工作，接受这样一个事实：你可能正在做这件事，无论是跳舞还是拉小提琴，都做得很好。”当我开始新项目时，这个提醒是我会随身携带的，因为我可能天生不擅长。抓住我玩陶艺轮或者在我卧室弹吉他的机会。或不。结果可能不太好，但我不在乎。)”可以看出，作者现在学会了如何接受挑战，不再在意结果是否完美。故选D。 七、七选五 （24-25高二上·重庆·阶段检测） So, what does it take to be great? I thoroughly reject the “10 years, 10,000 hours” notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time. 1 Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes. If you received good ones from your parents thank them. If you didn’t, don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either. 2 Inborn ability is certainly a wonderful thing to have been given, but it is a bit overrated. 3 What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great, but it isn’t enough. The world is full of gifted failures, of “can’t miss kids” who missed. Talent is only the starting point to greatness and, if you’ re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery, it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning of the race to be great. 4 You have to work hard, push your limits, and struggle mightily to get to the finish for anything in life worth pursuing greatness in. Ultimately, being great isn’t about being objectively great because, as noted above, the chances that you will achieve true greatness in some aspect of your life is, statistically, very small. 5 I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with. That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement, but, if you do what is necessary, you will find a reasonable level of success. A．Instead, let it go and focus on what you can control. B．But, of course, races aren’t won at the start, but at the finish C．Rather, your goal should be to find your own personal greatness. D．Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness. E．You might think that personal greatness isn’t the same as true greatness. F．The reality is that genes matter, whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent. G．They enjoy the struggles they experienced and the satisfaction of overcoming them. 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就怎样才能成为伟大的人发表自己观点，即充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力，从而找到一个合理的成功水平。 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 【详解】1．由上文“So, what does it take to be great? I thoroughly reject the ‘10 years, 10,000 hours’ notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time.(那么，怎样才能成为伟大的人呢？我坚决反对‘10年，10000小时’的观点，即只要投入足够的时间，任何人都可以成为专家。)”可知，作者这里否定只要时间足够就能成为专家，而F项The reality is that genes matter, whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent.(事实上，基因很重要，无论是天生的智力还是天生的身体天赋。)符合语境，即提出自己的观点——基因决定能否成为伟人，且The reality 与下文Another reality 对应，有启下作用。故选F项。 2．由上文“Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes. If you received good ones from your parents thank them. If you didn’t, don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either. (另一个现实是，你无法控制你的基因。如果你得到了父母的好基因，感谢他们。如果你没有，不要责怪你的父母，因为他们也没有选择自己的基因。)”可知，这里讲你无法控制你的基因，而A项Instead, let it go and focus on what you can control.(相反，不必追究它，专注于你能控制的事情。)符合语境，其中Instead与上文形成转折，can control也与上文 can’t control形成对比。故选A项。 3．由下文“What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great, but it isn’t enough. (这意味着你需要天生的能力才能变得伟大，但这还不够。)”可知，这里讲天生的能力也并不足够让你变得伟大，而D项Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness.(天生的能力是伟大的必要因素，但还不够。)符合语境，其中Inborn ability与上下文对应，下句也对本句进行了解释说明，所以本句有启下作用。故选D项。 4．由上文“Talent is only the starting point to greatness and, if you’ re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery, it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning of the race to be great. (天赋只是伟大的起点，如果你足够幸运地赢得了基因彩票，它会让你在比赛一开始就处于领先地位。) ”可知，这里主要讲天赋只是让你起点领先，但不保证终点能领先。而B项But, of course, races aren’t won at the start, but at the finish(但是，当然，比赛不是在开始时获胜，而是在结束时获胜)符合语境，其中at the start与上文at the beginning of对应，at the finish与下文get to the finish 对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选B项。 5．由下文“I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with. That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement, but, if you do what is necessary, you will find a reasonable level of success.(我将其定义为充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力。这种与生俱来的能力可能不足以成为你成就领域的超级明星，但如果你做了必要的事情，你会找到一个合理的成功水平。)”可知，这里主要讲充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力来实现适合你自己的伟大，而C项Rather, your goal should be to find your own personal greatness.(相反，你的目标应该是找到自己的个人伟大之处。)符合语境，其中 your own personal greatness为下文 that的指代内容，所以本句有启下作用。故选C项。 （2026·全国一卷·阅读B） Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” After a while, he looked at me and asked, “Do you know all these words, Mom?” I smiled. “I definitely do not know all these words,” I said. “But that’s why this is one of my favorite books.” I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. Kevin wanted to see the dictionary. I felt a small pain in my chest. The dictionary was stolen at the end of my freshman year of college. “That’s so sad,” he said, “but you still know all those words, even without the book.” I realized that this was true. I still made it through the next three years of college, even without the book. And it wasn’t, ultimately, the dictionary that got me there — not really. Now I understand that although my son may be learning differently, he is still learning. It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. 24. What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning of a word? A. Use electronic devices. B. Consult a paper dictionary. C. Guess from the context. D. Turn to his English teacher. 25. How did Kevin feel while looking up the word in the dictionary? A. Annoyed. B. Disappointed. C. Encouraged. D. Astonished. 26. What can we learn about the author’s first dictionary? A. It helped her through college. B. It was given to Kevin as a gift. C. It bore witness to her efforts. D. It was a valuable limited edition. 27. What has the author come to realize about learning? A. It is never too late to start. B. Motivation is what really matters. C. Children need role models. D. Dictionaries are still a useful tool. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者回忆自己通过纸质词典学习单词的经历，并与儿子使用电子设备查询单词的方式形成对比，最终意识到学习的本质在于好奇心与求知欲。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. (不久前，我上五年级的儿子Kevin问我一本小说里某个词的意思。“查字典，”我回答。“但是我的屏幕使用时间已经用完了，”他说。我刻意地看向放着至少三本字典的书架，Kevin夸张地叹了口气。“你就不能用你的手机查吗？”他问道。)”可知，作者提示Kevin用纸质词典查单词，但他想用手机，说明Kevin通常使用电子设备来获取单词的意思。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” (我取下一本字典，我们一起读了几分钟，然后我把它递给了他。他试了好几次才找到那个词。在翻阅书页时，他睁大眼睛不停地说：“怎么会有这么多单词?”)”可知，Kevin查字典才发现有那么多单词，他感到很惊讶。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. (我的第一本字典是我13岁生日时的礼物。我决定要尽可能多地学习单词，并开始用铅笔在我查过的每个词条旁做标记来衡量自己的进步。我持续做这些铅笔标记多年，上大学时，我把那本字典装进了行李箱)”可知，作者的第一本字典见证了她进入大学之前的整个努力过程。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now I understand that although my son may be learning differently, he is still learning. It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. (现在我明白了，虽然我的儿子可能以不同的方式学习，但他仍在学习。重要的不是单词本身或我们如何学习它们，而是想知道它们的欲望、好奇心和求知欲)”可知，作者意识到学习的真正关键在于动机和好奇心。 （2025·全国一卷·阅读B） In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. 24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1? A. Ninth graders. B. Students’ parents. C. Modern writers. D. Fictional characters. 25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A. They were not given enough time. B. They had a very limited vocabulary. C. They misunderstood the question. D. They had little interest in the topic. 26. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing. 27. What does the author’s experience show? A. Teaching is learning. B. Still waters run deep. C. Knowledge is power. D. Practice makes perfect. 【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. (大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing (惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teaching is learning (教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。 （2019·全国二卷·语法填空） A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4 (declare) she had no plans 5 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 7 because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 8 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 9 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s 10 (wonder).” 【文体】记叙文：文章讲述了九十岁高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。 【答案】 1． being 2．which 3．finally 4．declared 5．to retire 6．have made 7．but 8．saying 9．a 10．wonderful 【解析】1．考查非谓语动词-动名词作宾语。句意：一位90岁的女性被称为“年度女性”，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工，每周仍工作40小时。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。 2．考查定语从句which。句意：现在，艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天从早上9点工作到下午5点，在麦克格斯菲尔德的一家宠物店工作，这家店是她和已故的丈夫莱斯一起开的。文体句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened的宾语，故填which。 3．考查词性转换adj.-adv.。句意：她多年的辛勤工作终于得到了认可，一位顾客提名她为柴郡年度女性。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。 4．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时。句意：在领取“终身成就奖”时，自豪的艾琳宣布，她没有从已经成立36年的公司退休的打算。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知，用一般过去时态，故填declared。 5．考查非谓语动词-不定式作定语。句意：在领取“终身成就奖”时，自豪的艾琳宣布，她没有从36岁的公司退休的打算。此处用不定式作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。 6．考查谓语动词-时态-现在完成时。句意：我喜欢来这里，看看我的家人和多年来结交的所有朋友。根据该定语从句中的时间状语over the years可知，此处用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have made。 7．考查并列连词but。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。 8．考查非谓语动词-现在分词作定语。句意：当我们接到电话说她被选中时，我们以为这是个玩笑。前面已经有谓语动词got，故此处用非谓语动词形式，作后置定语，根据say与其逻辑主语call是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填saying。 9．考查冠词。句意：当我们接到电话说她被选中时，我们以为这是个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 10．考查词性转换n.-adj.。句意：这是美妙的。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 1 Period 2 Learning About Language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 经受得住 2. 磨损；损耗 3. 得出结论 4. 从……逃离 5. 决不 6. 与......不同 7. 被认作是 8. 由......设计 9. 在建造中 10. 流程图 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.The suspect abandoned his vehicle and tried to ________ (逃跑) on foot. 2.Many cars ________ (流动) in a steady stream along the main road on my way home. 3.Providing that ________ (环境) permit, we shall hold the meeting next week. 4.The population of senior citizens in China, as is shown in the ________ (图表), makes up a large part of the whole population. 5.The authorities will look into the case further before they come to a ________ (结论). 6.By opening a ________ (小说), I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. 三、单句语法填空。 1.He was born in 1949, the People’s Republic of China was founded. 2.The entire space is animated by the lively conversations of youngsters, are drawn to showcases filled with (delicate) designed cultural and creative products. 3.Also contributing to the event was Chinese ink painter Gu Xiaolan, brought orchid-themed works to the exhibition. 4.The matches are scheduled on weekends, with one round per week, during the 13 teams play each other in a single round-robin format with home and away games. 5. is often the case with the elderly, they like to talk about the old days. 6.We have entered an era, AI can help us do a lot of things. 7.A grand stage, local artists present the breathtaking countryside scenery of Ireland and its precious age-old traditions, leaves every visitor deeply impressed. 8.Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 9.We visited the newly-built public sports center yesterday, many people exercise frequently. 10.But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her education. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.无论我们处在什么情况下，我们仍然要拥有梦想、希望和渴望。 _________________________ , we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires. 2.我突然想起老师也许对我们讨论的那个问题感兴趣。 _________________________ that the teacher might be interested in the problem we had discussed. 3.问题是我们如何在这么短的时间内提升阅读技能。 The problem is _________________________ our reading skills in such a short time. 4.最后，这个科学家得出了一些科学结论，将这种疾病与泵中的镭联系起来。 Finally, the scientist _________________________ , linking the disease to the radium in the pump. 5.我能流利地说英语，这使我更容易帮助有困难的外国人。 I can speak English fluently, _________________________ for me to help foreigners in trouble. 五、语法填空 On August 1,2024, the women’s singles tennis semifinals of the Paris Olympics 1 (be) in full swing. Chinese player Zheng Qinwen defeated the world’s number one Polish player, Iga Świątek, with a stunning score of 2-0 (6-2, 7-5), successfully advancing to the final and creating the 2 (good) record for Chinese tennis in the Olympics singles event. Previously, Zheng Qinwen 3 (lose) all six of her previous encounters with Świątek. However, in this crucial matchup, Zheng had an amazing 4 (perform) in the first set, achieving three successful breaks. She made only 6 unforced errors,   5 Świątek made 16 unforced errors in this set. Zheng easily won the first set 6-2. At the beginning of the second set, Świątek’s form rebounded, and she led 4-0 at one point. But Zheng Qinwen was not discouraged and tenaciously equalized the score, 6 (eventual) winning the set 7-5 to secure the victory. Zheng Qinwen thus became the first Chinese player 7 (win) an Olympic tennis singles medal. Her opponent in the women’s singles final on August 3 will be determined between the Croatian player Donna Vekić  and the Slovak player Anna Schmiedlová. 8 (recall) Zheng’s journey in the women’s singles tennis event of the2024 Paris Olympics, it was full of challenges and surprises. This match is 9 extraordinary significance for Chinese tennis. Zheng Qinwen, with her own strength and tenacious fighting spirit, has written a brand new chapter for Chinese tennis. She not only demonstrated her outstanding personal ability 10 injected strong confidence into the development of Chinese tennis. 6、 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·福建福州·期末） I grew up in a poor family. This was something I did not realize until I was older. I thought everyone in the city took the bus, because everyone in my neighborhood took the bus. I thought everyone in the city used the food bank, because all my friends’ cupboards were filled with the same government-labeled food that filled my cupboards. We all wore hand-me-down clothes. Grocery shopping was my first experience understanding that my family was a little different. My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using. However, one day, I asked my mom why our money looked different. She said because we did not have real money to buy food, so the government helped us. In high school, I was still embarrassed and wished we were not so poor, but I loved my mom and the other members of my family and knew we had things to be proud of. My mother who was a great woman with wisdom taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself. Growing up in poverty taught me perseverance (毅力). I have always believed in myself and my abilities. I knew I could focus on school and build a life that looked different from my childhood. As I became a man, I thought my experiences are very useful and vital! It taught me to be resilient (有韧性的), and how to respect people for who they are as an individual — and not by what they have. I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poverty that do not actually come from the people experiencing it. These judgments come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience. Hardworking, trustworthy, reliable, clean, efficient, successful and disciplined are all words not typically associated with poverty. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poverty! Therefore, I am glad to say I am really proud to be who I am and proud of where I’m from! 1．Why did the mom use different paper money in the shop from the paragraph 2? A．To show our uniqueness. B．To get the extra award. C．To buy food without real money. D．To support the government. 2．What can we learn about the mom from Paragraph 3? A．She was wise. B．She was nervous. C．She was frighted. D．She was negative. 3．What’s the author’s feeling towards his experience when he became a man? A．Unhappy. B．Disappointed. C．Grateful. D．Abnormal. 4．Which title is the best for the text? A．Lessons From struggling for dreams B．Lessons From Growing Up Poor C．Poor Means Stupid D．My Poor Childhood （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期中） B Allow me to list the short-lived hobbies I started and quickly gave up when I didn’t succeed pottery, softball, violin and designing new-style T-shirts. Uncomfortable to ask for help, I’d rather drop a hobby than give myself time to improve. Being challenged can make me angry sometimes. Babies and children feel challenged almost at everything, because each experience is new. Adults, on the other hand, see anything less than doing really well as failure. If you’re at all like me, you protect yourself from this feeling and avoid hobbies that might show a lack of competence. Although challenges can bring discomfort, we shouldn’t shy away from activities we enjoy simply because we aren’t great at them. As the season for new habits and hobbies comes, put your pride to one side, and embrace the challenge. The way you think about your abilities can influence your performance. There are two ways people view success: fixed mindset and growth mindset. If you have a fixed mindset, you may believe you already have all the skills and abilities you will ever have and you may never improve with effort. Growth mindset is the belief that you can advance through hard work, support, and a different method. “To develop a growth mindset, remind yourself that the first time you began any endeavor, you probably met challenges,” says Daya Grant, a mental performance coach. “Then you got better. As you learn and build skills, however slowly, celebrate those little wins. A win is a win. It doesn’t really matter to the brain how big or small it is.” “But If you love the challenge,” Grant says, “or enjoy the hard work, accept the fact that you may be doing the thing, whether it’s dancing or playing the violin, well enough.” This reminder is one I’ll take with me as I start new projects that I might not be naturally good at. Catch me at a pottery wheel or playing my guitar in my bedroom. Or don’t. The results may not be pretty—and I do not care. 1．What’s the function of the first paragraph? A．To provide background information. B．To bring about the topic of the passage. C．To stress the importance of success. D．To introduce his personal experience 2．What does the underlined word “this feeling” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Feeling confident almost at everything B．Dropping a hobby rather than improving it. C．Seeing anything that can’t do well as failure.D．Avoiding hobbies showing a lack of abilities 3．What does Daya Grant think is important in developing a growth mindset? A．Building practical and creative skills. B．Asking for professional suggestions. C．Having enough patience and confidence. D．Developing a strong sense of competition. 4．What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph? A．He has developed his own ways of succeeding. B．He has learned how to balance life and work. C．He cares a lot about what others think of him D．He now learns how to embrace challenges. 七、七选五 （24-25高二上·重庆·阶段检测） So, what does it take to be great? I thoroughly reject the “10 years, 10,000 hours” notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time. 1 Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes. If you received good ones from your parents thank them. If you didn’t, don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either. 2 Inborn ability is certainly a wonderful thing to have been given, but it is a bit overrated. 3 What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great, but it isn’t enough. The world is full of gifted failures, of “can’t miss kids” who missed. Talent is only the starting point to greatness and, if you’ re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery, it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning of the race to be great. 4 You have to work hard, push your limits, and struggle mightily to get to the finish for anything in life worth pursuing greatness in. Ultimately, being great isn’t about being objectively great because, as noted above, the chances that you will achieve true greatness in some aspect of your life is, statistically, very small. 5 I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with. That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement, but, if you do what is necessary, you will find a reasonable level of success. A．Instead, let it go and focus on what you can control. B．But, of course, races aren’t won at the start, but at the finish C．Rather, your goal should be to find your own personal greatness. D．Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness. E．You might think that personal greatness isn’t the same as true greatness. F．The reality is that genes matter, whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent. G．They enjoy the struggles they experienced and the satisfaction of overcoming them. （2026·全国一卷·阅读B） Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” After a while, he looked at me and asked, “Do you know all these words, Mom?” I smiled. “I definitely do not know all these words,” I said. “But that’s why this is one of my favorite books.” I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. Kevin wanted to see the dictionary. I felt a small pain in my chest. The dictionary was stolen at the end of my freshman year of college. “That’s so sad,” he said, “but you still know all those words, even without the book.” I realized that this was true. I still made it through the next three years of college, even without the book. And it wasn’t, ultimately, the dictionary that got me there — not really. Now I understand that although my son may be learning differently, he is still learning. It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. 24. What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning of a word? A. Use electronic devices. B. Consult a paper dictionary. C. Guess from the context. D. Turn to his English teacher. 25. How did Kevin feel while looking up the word in the dictionary? A. Annoyed. B. Disappointed. C. Encouraged. D. Astonished. 26. What can we learn about the author’s first dictionary? A. It helped her through college. B. It was given to Kevin as a gift. C. It bore witness to her efforts. D. It was a valuable limited edition. 27. What has the author come to realize about learning? A. It is never too late to start. B. Motivation is what really matters. C. Children need role models. D. Dictionaries are still a useful tool. （2025·全国一卷·阅读B） In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. 24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1? A. Ninth graders. B. Students’ parents. C. Modern writers. D. Fictional characters. 25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A. They were not given enough time. B. They had a very limited vocabulary. C. They misunderstood the question. D. They had little interest in the topic. 26. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing. 27. What does the author’s experience show? A. Teaching is learning. B. Still waters run deep. C. Knowledge is power. D. Practice makes perfect. （2019·全国二卷·语法填空） A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4 (declare) she had no plans 5 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 7 because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 8 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 9 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s 10 (wonder).” 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $