Unit 2 单元讲义 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语讲义以“Stay Healthy”为主题，通过表格系统梳理表示建议的情态动词（should/could）搭配及反身代词分类用法，分课时呈现健康问题对话场景，用结构化框架整合重点短语与词汇（如avoid、suffer）的多维度讲解，清晰呈现语法、词汇与话题的内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“情景化语用练习”设计，如用健康问题填空（“You should ______ more hot water”）、情态动词建议表达转换，培养语言运用能力。词汇讲解通过对比（careless/careful）、搭配拓展（stop...from doing）提升思维品质，分层练习（基础填空到综合语用）助力不同学生巩固，为教师精准教学和学生自主复习提供有效支持。

Unit 2 Stay Healthy 单元语法专题: 表示建议的情态动词和反身代词 一、表示建议的情态动词 情态动词 搭配用法 含义 should should do sth / shouldn't do sth 应该做某事；不应该做某事 could could do sth / Could you do sth? 可以做某事（比can更委婉） 【用法说明】should 用于提出建议或表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。could 比 can 更加委婉，用于礼貌地提出建议或请求。 ① You should go to bed early. 你应该早点睡觉。 ② He should eat more vegetables to keep healthy. 他应该多吃蔬菜来保持健康。 ③ Could you please help me with my homework? 你能帮我做作业吗？ 二、反身代词 反身代词表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者本身，即“某人自己”。 (一) 反身代词的分类 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself / herself / itself themselves (二) 反身代词的用法 用法 例句 含义 作谓语同位语 She finished the work herself. 她自己完成了工作。 作宾语 He hurt himself yesterday. 他昨天伤到了自己。 用于强调 I myself will do it. 我亲自来做这件事。 (三) 常见含反身代词的短语 【短语积累】 • enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得开心 • by oneself = alone 独自，单独 • help oneself to sth 自便吃/用某物 • dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 • wash oneself 给自己洗澡 • look after oneself = take care of oneself 照顾好自己 • teach oneself 自学 ✎ 【即学即练】 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. You should ________ (drink) more hot water when you have a cold. 2. Could you please ________ (give) me some advice? 3. My little sister can dress ________ (she) now. 4. We enjoyed ________ (we) at the party last night. 5. He finished the homework by ________ (he). 6. You shouldn't eat too much junk food. (改为同义句) You ________ ________ eat too much junk food. 7. Tom, please help ________ to some fish. (你) 8. My grandma teaches ________ English on the Internet. (she) 9. Students should do homework by ________. (they) 10. I cut ________ when I was cooking. (I) 1. drink 2. give 3. herself 4. ourselves 5. himself 6. can’t / should not 7. yourself 8. herself 9. themselves 10. myself 第一课时 (Section A 1a—2d) 课文呈现 Section A, 1b and 1c Conversation 1 Jenny: You don't look well. What's wrong, David? David: I have a stomachache. I ate too much at my friend's birthday party yesterday. Jenny: Oh no! Why did you eat so much? David: I couldn't help myself! The food was too delicious. My friend's mother cooked everything herself. Conversation 2 Sarah: Are you OK, Ben? Did you hurt yourself? Ben: Yes, I fell during the football game yesterday. It seemed OK at first, but now I have a backache. Sarah: Oh dear. Accidents often happen in sport. Be more careful next time! Conversation 3 Harry: Would you like some snacks? Help yourself! Nancy: No, I can't eat anything. I have a terrible toothache. Harry: I'm sorry to hear that. Did you bite something hard? Nancy: No, I think I ate too many sweet things. Oh, my tooth really hurts! Conversation 4 Frank: What's the matter, Judy? Judy: I'm sorry, but it's difficult for me to talk. Frank: What happened? Judy: I practised my speech by myself for hours yesterday. I guess I didn't drink enough water. I'm suffering from a sore throat now. Name Health problem Cause David ____________ at a friend's birthday party Ben fell during a ____________ Nancy ate too many ____________ Judy talked too much and didn't ____________ 阅读对话完成表格 David: stomachache; ate too much Ben: backache; football game Nancy: toothache; sweet things Judy: sore throat; drink enough water Section A, 2b and 2c Conversation 1 Nurse: What's the matter, David? David: I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. Nurse: You shouldn't eat so much next time. I'll give you some medicine. David: Thank you! Nurse: And please avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse. David: Got it, thanks! Conversation 2 Nurse: What's wrong, Nancy? Nancy: I have a really bad toothache. Nurse: I see. You should see a dentist. You might need an X-ray. Nancy: OK. But what should I do for now? Nurse: You could eat some soft food. But no more sweet things. Remember to brush your teeth carefully too! Conversation 3 Nurse: Oh, your nose is bleeding! How did you hurt yourself, Jeff? Jeff: I fell off my bike! I didn't expect to see someone around the corner. Nurse: Oh dear! Come in. Press down on your nose. Good. Now wait for a few minutes. Jeff: OK. Do you think I broke my nose? Nurse: No, it's not that serious. But you should be more careful next time. Accidents can happen when we're careless. Name Advice David • You shouldn't ____________ next time. • Avoid ____________ for now as the gas could make the ache worse. Nancy • You might need an X-ray. • You could eat some ____________, but no more ____________. • Remember to ____________ carefully. Jeff • ____________ on your nose. ____________ for a few minutes. • You should be ____________ next time. Accidents can happen when we're careless. David: eat so much; soft drinks Nancy: soft food; sweet things; brush teeth Jeff: Press down; Wait; more careful 重点 短语 1. 喉咙痛 have a ________ ________ 2. 肚子疼/头疼/牙疼/背疼 have a ________ / ________ / ________ / ________ 3. 流鼻血 have a ________ 4. 看牙医 see a ________ 5. 按住你的鼻子 ________ down on your nose 6. 避免喝软饮料 ________ soft drinks 7. 使疼痛加剧 make the ________ worse 8. 需要拍X光片 need an ________ 9. 流鼻涕 have a ________ nose 10. 膝盖瘀伤 ________ knee 11. 受苦；受折磨 ________ from 1. sore throat 2. stomachache; headache; toothache; backache 3. nosebleed 4. dentist 5. Press 6. avoid 7. ache 8. X-ray 9. runny 10. bruised 11. suffer 重点讲解 1. avoid 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. avoid (doing) sth 避免（做）某事 avoid sb 回避、避开某人 ① You must be more careful and avoid ________ (make) the same mistakes. 你应该更加仔细，避免犯同样的错误。 ② Why do you keep ________ me? 你为什么总是回避我？ ③ He tried hard ________ ________ (avoid) accidents. 他尽量避免发生事故。 1. making 2. avoiding 3. to avoid 2. careless 词性 搭配用法 含义 adj. careless 粗心的，不小心的 adv. carelessly 粗心地 adj. careful (反义词) 细心的，小心的 adv. carefully (反义词) 细心地 含后缀-less(没有……的)的形容词，表否定含义 hopeless homeless endless fearless harmless colourless painless ① This is the most ______________ (care) mistake I've ever seen! ② He always does his homework ______________ (care), so he often gets good grades. ③ Be ______________ (fear), kids! Just try your best in the game. ④ Sorry, I ______________ (care) broke your favourite cup. 1. careless 2. carefully 3. fearless 4. carelessly 【知识重温】 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. care for 照顾(=look after/take care of)；喜爱 care about 在乎；在意 adj. be careful with 对……小心（指避免损坏物品、操作失误等） ① I ________ ________ (=________ ________=________ ________ ________)my little sister ________ (care) when our parents are not at home. 父母不在家时，我仔细照顾小妹妹。 ② Though our parents are busy, we both think that they really ________ ________ us. 尽管父母很忙，但我们都认为他们真的很在乎我们。 ③ Please ________ ________ ________ the glass. It's fragile. 请小心玻璃。它很脆。 1. care for; look after; take care of; carefully 2. care about 3. be careful with 3. suffer 词性 搭配用法 含义 及物v. suffer pain /injuries/loss /defeat 等 遭受（痛苦、损失等） suffer from headache /cancer/stress /loneliness 等 因…… 而受苦；患有（疾病） 不及物v. 不接宾语 受苦；受难（笼统表述） ①She made the wrong decision, and now she ________ ________.她做出了错误的决定，如今正承受着痛苦。 ②She ________ ________ in the accident.她在事故中遭受了严重伤害。 ③Many students ________ _________ ________ before exams.许多学生在考试前都会感到压力。 1. is suffering 2. suffered badly 3. suffer much stress 4. What's the matter? 用于询问他人身体不适或遇到什么麻烦，以下句型意思基本相同： • What's the matter (with you)? = What's wrong (with you)? • What's the trouble (with you)? = What's up? 【表达身体不适的多种方式】 • have a + 症状名词 (have a cold/fever/cough) • have a sore + 身体部位 (have a sore throat/back) • have a + 身体部位-ache (have a headache/stomachache/toothache) • 身体部位 + hurt(s) (My head hurts.) • There is something wrong with + 身体部位 = Something is wrong with + 身体部位 • have trouble with + 身体部位 ✎ 【即学即练】 Last week, my brother Tom didn't wear a jacket on a cold day. He started to feel very sick. My mum was worried and asked, “________ (你怎么了)?” He said, “I have a ________ (头疼) and ________ (流鼻涕).” She told him to avoid ________ (do) anything tiring. She then p________ her hand gently on his forehead to see if he had a fever. It was very hot. He was ________ (遭受) a bad cold. We all felt sorry for him. My mum will care ________ him until he gets better. What’s wrong; headache; runny nose; doing; pressed; suffering; for 第二课时 (Section A 3a—3d) 课文呈现 Section A, 3a Doctor: Take a seat, Helen. How are you feeling? Helen: Not good ... I have a runny nose and a fever. Doctor: Let me take your temperature ... Oh, it's quite high. Helen: Yes, it started yesterday. I felt so cold, and I didn't have much energy. When I tried to get out of bed, I almost fell and hurt myself. My throat hurts too. Doctor: Let's see. Yes, the back of your throat looks very red. We'll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. It's flu season. Helen: What should I do, Doctor? Doctor: You should take some medicine and drink enough water. Helen: OK, thank you. Can I go to school tomorrow? Doctor: No, you should rest at home. When you're outside, please wear a mask. It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily. Helen: I will! Doctor: And remember, your health is in your hands. If you take good care of yourself, you'll get better soon. Doctor Patient（病人） Asking about injuries / illnesses: How are you feeling?/What's the matter with your ...?/Does your ... hurt? Describing injuries / illnesses: I feel terrible. / I don't feel well.I have ...My ... hurts. Giving advice: You should / shouldn't exercise.Don't go to school. Asking for advice: Should I stay inside?Can I go to school tomorrow? 重点短语 1. 坐下 take a ________ 2. 量你的体温 take your ________ 3. 需要做一项检查 need to do a ________ 4. 患流感 have the ________ 5. 吃些药 take some ________ 6. 戴口罩 wear a ________ 7. 阻止……做某事 stop … ________ doing sth 8. 把流感病毒传给别人 pass the flu ________ to others 9. 对……的描述 ________ of 10. 询问伤情/病情 ask about ________ / ________ 11. 感觉身体好 feel ________ 1. seat 2. temperature 3. test 4. flu 5. medicine 6. mask 7. from 8. virus 9. description 10. injuries; illnesses 11. well 重点讲解 1. patient 词性 单词 搭配用法 含义 n. patient take care of these patients 照顾这些病人 adj. patient be patient with ... 对……有耐心 n. patience run out of/lose patience with ... 对……失去耐心 patiently 耐心地 ① Mr Liang ________ ________ ________ his students. 梁老师对他的学生们很有耐心。 ② There ________ ________ ________ in the waiting room. 等候室里有很多病人。 ③ The teacher is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the noisy class. 老师对吵闹的班级快要失去耐心了。 1. is patient with 2. are many patients 3. running out of patience with 2. hurt 词性 搭配用法 含义 及物v. hurt + 身体部位 伤到/弄疼某部位 hurt + 人 弄疼/伤害某人 不及物v. 身体部位+hurt 某部位疼 ① I ________ my ________ yesterday. 昨天我伤到了手。 ② Don't push him — you may hurt ________. 别推他，你可能会弄疼他。 1. hurt; hand 2. himself 3. stop ... (from) doing sth 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop ... (from) doing sth = keep ... from doing sth 阻止/防止……做某事 ① Stop ________ rubbish into the sea. 停止往海里扔垃圾。 ② We stopped ________ ________ a rest after walking for two hours. 走了两个小时后，我们停下来休息一下。 ③ She stops her child ________ ________ TV too much. 她阻止她的孩子看太多电视。 1. throwing 2. to have 3. from watching 4. describe 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. describe sb./sth. as... 把…… 描述成…… describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某事 n. the description of ......的描述；描写 ①你能给我描述一下你的新书包吗？ Can you ______ your new schoolbag ______ me? ②这篇关于大海的描述很生动。 The ______ of the sea is very vivid. ③他把这个地方描述成天堂。 He ______ the place ______ a paradise. 1. describe; to 2. description 3. described; as ✎ 【即学即练】 “Dr Wang, my ankle ________ (疼) a lot!” a boy said. Dr Wang was patient ________ him. “Let me see. What happened?” he asked. “I hurt it when playing football. The pain stops me ________ walking well,” said the boy. Dr Wang said, “You need to stop ________ (play) football now. You must rest so your ankle can get better.” hurts; with; from; playing 第三课时 (Grammar Focus 4a—4d) 4a Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice and circle the reflexive pronouns. What's wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn't eat so much next time. What's the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. 4b Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by ______________. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut ______________. We couldn't enjoy ______________ while our mother was in hospital. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor ______________. The students are young, but they know how to protect ______________. Her clearest memory is not of the race ______________, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. 1. herself 2. yourself 3. ourselves 4. himself 5. themselves 6. itself 4c Complete the passage with should, shouldn't, or could. Mobile phones are useful, but you ______________ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you ______________ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What's more, you ______________ change your screen's brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you ______________ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly ______________ look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you ______________ avoid using your phone too often. You ______________ listen to music instead of watching videos. You ______________ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. should; should; could; shouldn’t; shouldn’t; should; could; could 重点短语 1. 坐下 take a ________ 2. 量你的体温 take your ________ 3. 需要做一项检查 need to do a ________ 4. 患流感 have the ________ 5. 吃些药 take some ________ 6. 戴口罩 wear a ________ 7. 阻止……做某事 stop … ________ doing sth 8. 把流感病毒传给别人 pass the flu ________ to others 9. 对……的描述 ________ of 10. 询问伤情/病情 ask about ________ / ________ 11. 感觉身体好 feel ________ 1. seat 2. temperature 3. test 4. flu 5. medicine 6. mask 7. from 8. virus 9. description 10. injuries; illnesses 11. well 重点讲解 1. clear 词性 搭配用法 含义 adj. be clear about 对…… 清楚 / 明白 adv. express clearly 清晰地表达 v. clear out 把……清理出去 clean up 清扫 ① ________ you ________ ________ what you need to do? 你清晰自己需要做什么吗？ ② I ________ _____ all our old clothes ______ my bedroom. 我把所有的旧衣服从卧室清理了出去。 ③ We spent all Saturday morning ________ ________ the room. 我们整个星期六上午都在打扫房间。 1. Are; clear about 2. cleared; out of 3. cleaning up 2. cross 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. cross 穿越；横过；交叉 prep. across 横过 prep. through 从内部穿过 prep. over 上方跨过 ① Look both ways before you ________ the road. = Look both ways before you ________ ________ the road. 过马路前要左右看。 ② He got in ________ the window. 他是从窗户进来的。 ③ She jumped ________ the low wall. 她跳过了那道矮墙。 1. cross; go across 2. through 3. over 3. used to 【探究】used to 意为“过去常常做某事”，强调现在不做了。基本用法如下： 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 used to do sth He used to live here. 否定句 didn't use to do sth He didn't use to smoke. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + use to do sth? Did you use to play basketball? ①He ______ to ______ here. 他曾经在这里工作。 ②______ he ______ to work here? 他曾经在这里工作吗？ ③He ______ ______ to work here. 他过去没在这里工作。 1. used; work 2. Did; use 3. didn’t use 【知识重温】 be/get used to (______) sth 习惯于 (做) 某事 become used to (______) sth 变得习惯于 (做) 某事 be used ______ ______ sth/for（doing）sth 被用来做某事 be used ______ ... 被 (某人) 使用 doing; doing; to do; by ✎ 【即学即练】 We decided to ________ (清理) our yard last Sunday. There was an old bicycle that I used to ________ (ride). I told my parents we should throw it away ________ (而不是) keeping it because I didn't like it very much. I still remember once when I rode it to ________ (across) the main road, I ________ (摔落) painfully. ________ (此外), it is really old and broken now. clear out; ride; instead of; cross; fell off; Besides 第四课时 (Section B 1a—1e) 课文呈现 A Cooking Accident James lived in the city with his friend Allen. It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. One Saturday, James decided to make fried chicken. First, he poured oil into a pan. Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. Just then, he heard the front door open, followed by the sound of Allen singing. "Guess what," Allen called out happily. "We won!" "No way!" James followed him into the living room. He wanted to hear all about the football game! Suddenly, Allen stopped talking and looked up. "Hey, do you smell something burning?" "Oh no!" They both rushed back into the kitchen. The pan was on fire! Large flames were jumping into the air. In a panic, James turned off the stove at once. But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. James cried out and threw himself to the floor. He put out the fire by rolling on the ground, but the pan was still burning! "Get water, quick!" he shouted. Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. Thanks to the first aid and safety classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse! Instead, he ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher. In seconds, the fire in the burning pan was put out. "Are you OK?" Allen asked his friend. "I think so," James said. It was lucky that his shirt wasn't too thin! His arm was red, but it didn't hurt very much. "Maybe we should eat out tonight," James said as he ran cool water over his arm. "Sure, we could do that. What do you want?" "Anything but fried chicken," he said sadly. 重点短语 1. 着火（表动作） ________ fire 2. 他们自己做很多事情 do many things ________ 3. 做炸鸡 make ________ chicken 4. 打开/关掉炉子 turn ________ / ________ the stove 5. 留下……独自完成某事 leave … ________ ________ sth 6. 准备好鸡肉 ________ the chicken 7. 高兴地大喊 call out ________ 8. 抬头看 look ________ 9. 闻到有东西烧焦的味道 smell something ________ 10. 着火（表状态） be ________ fire 11. 大火苗 large ________ 12. 惊慌失措地 in a ________ 13. （火焰）蹿到他的衬衫上 jump ________ his shirt 14. 把他自己摔倒在地上 ________ himself to the floor 15. 灭火 put ________ the fire 16. 在地上打滚 ________ on the ground 17. 即将做某事 be ________ to do sth 18. 突然停住 stop ________ 19. 急救与安全课程 the first ________ and ________ classes 20. 拿灭火器 get the fire ________ 21. 几秒钟内 in ________ 22. 今晚出去吃饭 eat ________ tonight 23. 用凉水冲洗他的胳膊 ________ cool water over his arm 24. 除了炸鸡之外什么都可以 anything ________ fried chicken 25. 摔倒在地上 ________ to the ground 26. 受了重伤 be ________ hurt 27. 保护我们自己免受伤害 keep ourselves safe from ________ 1. catch 2. themselves 3. fried 4. on; off 5. to do 6. prepare 7. happily 8. up 9. burning 10. on 11. flames 12. panic 13. onto 14. threw 15. out 16. roll 17. about 18. short 19. aid; safety 20. extinguisher 21. seconds 22. out 23. run 24. but 25. fell 26. badly 27. harm 重点讲解 1. burn 词义 动词类型 例句 燃烧 不及物v. Fires ________ ________all over the city. 全城处处燃烧着大火。 烧毁 / 烧焦 及物v. They set cars on fire and ________ a ________. 他们焚烧汽车，并烧毁了一座建筑。 发烫 不及物v. Your forehead ________ ________. 你额头很烫。 晒伤 / 烫伤 / 烧伤 及物v. ①I got ________ ________ by the sun yesterday. 我昨天被太阳晒伤得很严重。 ②The soup is hot. Don't ________ your mouth. 汤很烫。别把嘴巴烫到了。 烧伤；灼伤 n. There is _____ _____ ________ on his hand. 他的手上有一处小烧伤。 1. are burning 2. burned; building 3. burns badly 4. badly burned; burn; a small burn 2. throw 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. throw sth at sb 把某物砸向某人（恶意行为） throw sth to sb 把某物扔给某人 throw sth down/away 扔下/扔掉某物 throw oneself at/on/into/down.… 突然猛力地扑向/跳到/冲进/扑倒等 throw oneself into... 精力投入…… ① It's too heavy. Don't ________ ________ ________ me. 这东西太重了，别扔给我。 ② The boys________ ________ stones ________ the dog. 那些男孩在朝狗扔石头。 ③ She ________ ________ her pen and left the room. 她把笔扔下，离开了房间。 ④He managed to open the door by ________ ________ ________ it.他扑向门，成功打开了门。 ⑤She ______ ______ ______ ______ after the old people living alone.她全身心投入到照顾独居老人的工作中。 1. throw to 2. threw; at 3. threw down 4. throwing himself onto 5. threw herself into looking 3. aid 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. aid sb in sth/in doing sth 在某方面帮助某人 n. first aid 急救 with the aid of 在……的帮助下 ① The project was finished ________ ________ ________ ________ several students. 这个项目在几个学生的帮助下完成了。 ② He ________ ________ ________ ________ the problem. 他帮我解决了这个问题。 ③ Everyone should learn some ________ ________ knowledge. 每个人都应该学一些急救知识。 1. with the aid of 2. aided me to solve 3. first aid 4. harm 词性 搭配用法 含义 n./v. harm sb/sth 伤害…… adj. be harmful to = be bad for 对……有害 n. do harm to sb/sth = do sb/sth harm 对……有害 ① Cakes can ________ ________ ________ children's teeth. 蛋糕可能会对孩子的牙齿有害。 =Cakes can ________ ______________children's teeth. =Cakes can ________ _______________children's teeth. ② She'll do anything to ________ her children ________ ________. 她将不惜一切地保护她的孩子们免受伤害。 ③ He would never ________ ________. 他永远不会伤害任何人。 1. be harmful to; do harm to; be bad for; 2. keep; away from; 3. harm anyone 5. turn 相关短语 词性 搭配用法 含义 短语 turn on 打开（电流、照明、电视等） turn off 关掉（水、电或煤气） turn up 把声音调大；出现 turn down 把声音调小；拒绝 turn to sb (for help) 向某人求助 turn into 变成 turn out 结果是 1) The TV is off — can you ______ ________ ________? 电视关着，你能把它打开吗？ 2) Please ______ ______the TV. It's too noisy for the sleeping baby. 3) When you meet difficulties in study, you can ______ ______your teacher for help. 4) The ugly duckling ______ ______a beautiful swan in the end of the story. 5) Don't forget to ______ ______the light when you leave the classroom. 6) The school trip ______ ______to be more interesting than we expect. 7) Can you ______ ______the radio a little? I can't hear the song clearly. 8) She ______ ______his invitation because she has to prepare for the exam. 1. turn it on 2. turn off 3. turn to 4. turned into 5. turn off 6. turned out 7. turn up 8. turned down ✎ 【即学即练】 Last Saturday, I ________ (正要) watch my favourite cartoon when I smelled something strange. I saw smoke coming from the kitchen! I ran in and found a napkin (餐巾纸) on the stove b________. My first thought was to t________ water on the fire, but I remembered that it was very dangerous to do that to a big fire. Just then, my neighbour Mr Smith heard the noise and ran in to help. ________ the aid of my neighbour, we quickly ________ (灭) the fire. Luckily, the fire didn't cause any ________ (harmful). My mum said I was ________ (绝不) panicked (恐慌的). about to; burning; throw; With; put out; harm; never 第五课时 (Section B 2a—Reflecting) 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. injury    suffer    X-ray    avoid    aid    throw    colour Kelly looked at her phone. She was late, and her exam was starting in 10 minutes! Suddenly, something hit her hard and ______________ her to the ground. "Are you all right?" the driver cried out. His face was ______________ with fear. But Kelly didn't say anything. She was ______________ from shock and her arm was bleeding. "Don't worry. I know first ______________! I'll call for help too!" the driver said. At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly's arm carefully. An ______________ showed that her right arm was broken. "You're lucky that your ______________ wasn't worse," said the doctor. "You're right," Kelly said. "I'll ______________ looking at my phone while crossing the road next time." threw; coloured; suffering; aid; X-ray; injury; avoid 3a Read the short story. Retell what happened to a partner. One Saturday, Julie invited Mark and Lucy to her house for lunch. Her parents weren't home, so they had it all to themselves. They ordered pizza, salad, and juice. But in the middle of the meal, Mark started to feel strange. His face felt warm, and his throat felt tight. "Were there any peanuts in our food?" he asked nervously. "I think I tasted peanuts in the salad," said Julie. "What's the matter?" "Oh no, I'm allergic to peanuts!" Mark cried. His friends jumped into action and took him to the hospital at once. At the hospital, Mark's friends told Dr Cooper what happened, and she gave Mark some medicine right away. When Mark felt better, the doctor asked him some questions and gave him some advice. "I'll take better care of myself from now on," Mark promised. It was a day he would never forget. 重点短语 1. 休息一段时间 ________ for some time 2. 给他一些药片 give him some ________ 3. 平躺；平卧 lie ________ 4. 用力打她 ________ her hard 5. 大声呼喊；尖叫 cry ________ 6. 仔细检查某人的胳膊 ________ sb's arm carefully 7. 某人独自占有（或使用）它 have it all ________ ________ 8. 感觉发紧 feel ________ 9. 对花生过敏 be ________ to ________ 10. 立即行动；迅速投入行动 ________ into action 11. 立刻；马上 ________ away = at ________ 12. 给他一些建议 give him some ________ 13. 更好地照顾我自己 ________ ________ care of myself 14. 从现在起 ________ now on 15. 检查成分 check the ________ 16. 减少屏幕使用时间 _____ ______ screen time 17. 受眼疲劳困扰 suffer from eye ________ 1. rest 2. pills 3. down 4. hit 5. out 6. check 7. to ourselves 8. tight 9. allergic; peanuts 10. Jump 11. Right; once 12. advice 13. Take better 14. From 15. ingredients 16. cut down 17. tiredness 重点讲解 1. shock 词性 搭配用法 含义 n. a shock to sb 对某人来说是件震惊的事 get a shock/give sb a shock 大吃一惊/让某人很震惊 in shock 震惊地 v. shock sb 令某人震惊 adj. be shocked by/at sth 对某事感到震惊 be shocked to hear/se … 听到/看到……很震惊 shocking news 令人震惊的消息 ① It ________ ________ when something like that happens. 发生这样的事情，我觉得很震惊。 ② The news of his death was ______ ______ ________ ________ me. 听到他去世的消息，我感到非常震惊。 ③ She ________ ________ ________after hearing the accident. 听到事故消息后，她很震惊。 ④I was deeply ______ ______ his death. 他的去世让我倍感震惊。 ⑤I was ______ ______ ______ about his death. 听到他去世的消息，我感到很震惊。 ⑥It is ______ that the accident killed at least 10 people. 令人震惊的是，事故导致至少十人死亡。 1. shocks me 2. a great shock to 3. was in shock 4. shocked at 5. shocked to hear 6. shocking 2. check 词性 搭配用法 含义 n. health/safety check 健康/安全检查 v. check sth 检查某物 check out sb/sth 查看；观察（有趣或有吸引力的人或事物） check in 办理酒店入住或登机 check out 办理酒店退房；结账离开；借出（书籍） ① Make sure to ________ your ________. 务必检查一下拼写。 ② We ______ ______ at the hotel at 2 p.m.我们下午两点在酒店办理入住。 ③ ______ _________ ______ that new park! 咱们去看看那个新公园吧！ 1. check; spelling 2. checked in 3. Check out 3. be allergic to 词性 搭配用法 含义 adj. be allergic to sth 对……过敏 n. allergy 过敏症 ① I am ________ to peanuts. 我对花生过敏。 ② She has an ________ to pollen. 她对花粉过敏。 1. allergic 2. allergy 4. from now on 词性 搭配用法 含义 短语 from now on 从现在起 from then on 从那时起 ✎ 【即学即练】 ________ (从现在起), I will be more careful. Yesterday, I ________ (lay) my book on the park bench (长椅) and ________ (lie) down on the grass. Later, my mum wanted to c________ my arm because it had red spots (点). She was ________ (shock) by what she saw! It turned out I was ________ (对……过敏) some plants in the park. From now on; laid; lay; check; shocked; allergic to 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Stay Healthy 单元语法专题: 表示建议的情态动词和反身代词 一、表示建议的情态动词 情态动词 搭配用法 含义 should should do sth / shouldn't do sth 应该做某事；不应该做某事 could could do sth / Could you do sth? 可以做某事（比can更委婉） 【用法说明】should 用于提出建议或表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。could 比 can 更加委婉，用于礼貌地提出建议或请求。 ① You should go to bed early. 你应该早点睡觉。 ② He should eat more vegetables to keep healthy. 他应该多吃蔬菜来保持健康。 ③ Could you please help me with my homework? 你能帮我做作业吗？ 二、反身代词 反身代词表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者本身，即“某人自己”。 (一) 反身代词的分类 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself / herself / itself themselves (二) 反身代词的用法 用法 例句 含义 作谓语同位语 She finished the work herself. 她自己完成了工作。 作宾语 He hurt himself yesterday. 他昨天伤到了自己。 用于强调 I myself will do it. 我亲自来做这件事。 (三) 常见含反身代词的短语 【短语积累】 • enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得开心 • by oneself = alone 独自，单独 • help oneself to sth 自便吃/用某物 • dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 • wash oneself 给自己洗澡 • look after oneself = take care of oneself 照顾好自己 • teach oneself 自学 ✎ 【即学即练】 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. You should ________ (drink) more hot water when you have a cold. 2. Could you please ________ (give) me some advice? 3. My little sister can dress ________ (she) now. 4. We enjoyed ________ (we) at the party last night. 5. He finished the homework by ________ (he). 6. You shouldn't eat too much junk food. (改为同义句) You ________ ________ eat too much junk food. 7. Tom, please help ________ to some fish. (你) 8. My grandma teaches ________ English on the Internet. (she) 9. Students should do homework by ________. (they) 10. I cut ________ when I was cooking. (I) 第一课时 (Section A 1a—2d) 课文呈现 Section A, 1b and 1c Conversation 1 Jenny: You don't look well. What's wrong, David? David: I have a stomachache. I ate too much at my friend's birthday party yesterday. Jenny: Oh no! Why did you eat so much? David: I couldn't help myself! The food was too delicious. My friend's mother cooked everything herself. Conversation 2 Sarah: Are you OK, Ben? Did you hurt yourself? Ben: Yes, I fell during the football game yesterday. It seemed OK at first, but now I have a backache. Sarah: Oh dear. Accidents often happen in sport. Be more careful next time! Conversation 3 Harry: Would you like some snacks? Help yourself! Nancy: No, I can't eat anything. I have a terrible toothache. Harry: I'm sorry to hear that. Did you bite something hard? Nancy: No, I think I ate too many sweet things. Oh, my tooth really hurts! Conversation 4 Frank: What's the matter, Judy? Judy: I'm sorry, but it's difficult for me to talk. Frank: What happened? Judy: I practised my speech by myself for hours yesterday. I guess I didn't drink enough water. I'm suffering from a sore throat now. Name Health problem Cause David ____________ at a friend's birthday party Ben fell during a ____________ Nancy ate too many ____________ Judy talked too much and didn't ____________ 阅读对话完成表格 Section A, 2b and 2c Conversation 1 Nurse: What's the matter, David? David: I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. Nurse: You shouldn't eat so much next time. I'll give you some medicine. David: Thank you! Nurse: And please avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse. David: Got it, thanks! Conversation 2 Nurse: What's wrong, Nancy? Nancy: I have a really bad toothache. Nurse: I see. You should see a dentist. You might need an X-ray. Nancy: OK. But what should I do for now? Nurse: You could eat some soft food. But no more sweet things. Remember to brush your teeth carefully too! Conversation 3 Nurse: Oh, your nose is bleeding! How did you hurt yourself, Jeff? Jeff: I fell off my bike! I didn't expect to see someone around the corner. Nurse: Oh dear! Come in. Press down on your nose. Good. Now wait for a few minutes. Jeff: OK. Do you think I broke my nose? Nurse: No, it's not that serious. But you should be more careful next time. Accidents can happen when we're careless. Name Advice David • You shouldn't ____________ next time. • Avoid ____________ for now as the gas could make the ache worse. Nancy • You might need an X-ray. • You could eat some ____________, but no more ____________. • Remember to ____________ carefully. Jeff • ____________ on your nose. ____________ for a few minutes. • You should be ____________ next time. Accidents can happen when we're careless. 重点短语 1. 喉咙痛 have a ________ 2. 肚子疼/头疼/牙疼/背疼 have a ________ / ________ / ________ / ________ 3. 流鼻血 have a ________ 4. 看牙医 see a ________ 5. 按住你的鼻子 ________ down on your nose 6. 避免喝软饮料 ________ soft drinks 7. 使疼痛加剧 make the ________ worse 8. 需要拍X光片 need an ________ 9. 流鼻涕 have a ________ nose 10. 膝盖瘀伤 ________ knee 11. 受苦；受折磨 ________ from 重点讲解 1. avoid 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. avoid (doing) sth 避免（做）某事 avoid sb 回避、避开某人 ① You must be more careful and avoid ________ (make) the same mistakes. 你应该更加仔细，避免犯同样的错误。 ② Why do you keep ________ me? 你为什么总是回避我？ ③ He tried hard ________ ________ (avoid) accidents. 他尽量避免发生事故。 2. careless 词性 搭配用法 含义 adj. careless 粗心的，不小心的 adv. carelessly 粗心地 adj. careful (反义词) 细心的，小心的 adv. carefully (反义词) 细心地 含后缀-less(没有……的)的形容词，表否定含义 hopeless homeless endless fearless harmless colourless painless ① This is the most ______________ (care) mistake I've ever seen! ② He always does his homework ______________ (care), so he often gets good grades. ③ Be ______________ (fear), kids! Just try your best in the game. ④ Sorry, I ______________ (care) broke your favourite cup. 【知识重温】 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. care for 照顾(=look after/take care of)；喜爱 care about 在乎；在意 adj. be careful with 对……小心（指避免损坏物品、操作失误等） ① I ________ ________ (=________ ________=________ ________ ________)my little sister ________ (care) when our parents are not at home. 父母不在家时，我仔细照顾小妹妹。 ② Though our parents are busy, we both think that they really ________ ________ us. 尽管父母很忙，但我们都认为他们真的很在乎我们。 ③ Please ________ ________ ________ the glass. It's fragile. 请小心玻璃。它很脆。 3. suffer 词性 搭配用法 含义 及物v. suffer pain /injuries/loss /defeat 等 遭受（痛苦、损失等） suffer from headache /cancer/stress /loneliness 等 因…… 而受苦；患有（疾病） 不及物v. 不接宾语 受苦；受难（笼统表述） ①She made the wrong decision, and now she ________ ________.她做出了错误的决定，如今正承受着痛苦。 ②She ________ ________ in the accident.她在事故中遭受了严重伤害。 ③Many students ________ _________ ________ before exams.许多学生在考试前都会感到压力。 4. What's the matter? 用于询问他人身体不适或遇到什么麻烦，以下句型意思基本相同： • What's the matter (with you)? = What's wrong (with you)? • What's the trouble (with you)? = What's up? 【表达身体不适的多种方式】 • have a + 症状名词 (have a cold/fever/cough) • have a sore + 身体部位 (have a sore throat/back) • have a + 身体部位-ache (have a headache/stomachache/toothache) • 身体部位 + hurt(s) (My head hurts.) • There is something wrong with + 身体部位 = Something is wrong with + 身体部位 • have trouble with + 身体部位 ✎ 【即学即练】 Last week, my brother Tom didn't wear a jacket on a cold day. He started to feel very sick. My mum was worried and asked, “________ (你怎么了)?” He said, “I have a ________ (头疼) and ________ (流鼻涕).” She told him to avoid ________ (do) anything tiring. She then p________ her hand gently on his forehead to see if he had a fever. It was very hot. He was ________ (遭受) a bad cold. We all felt sorry for him. My mum will care ________ him until he gets better. 第二课时 (Section A 3a—3d) 课文呈现 Section A, 3a Doctor: Take a seat, Helen. How are you feeling? Helen: Not good ... I have a runny nose and a fever. Doctor: Let me take your temperature ... Oh, it's quite high. Helen: Yes, it started yesterday. I felt so cold, and I didn't have much energy. When I tried to get out of bed, I almost fell and hurt myself. My throat hurts too. Doctor: Let's see. Yes, the back of your throat looks very red. We'll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. It's flu season. Helen: What should I do, Doctor? Doctor: You should take some medicine and drink enough water. Helen: OK, thank you. Can I go to school tomorrow? Doctor: No, you should rest at home. When you're outside, please wear a mask. It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily. Helen: I will! Doctor: And remember, your health is in your hands. If you take good care of yourself, you'll get better soon. Doctor Patient（病人） Asking about injuries / illnesses: How are you feeling?/What's the matter with your ...?/Does your ... hurt? Describing injuries / illnesses: I feel terrible. / I don't feel well.I have ...My ... hurts. Giving advice: You should / shouldn't exercise.Don't go to school. Asking for advice: Should I stay inside?Can I go to school tomorrow? 重点短语 1. 坐下 take a ________ 2. 量你的体温 take your ________ 3. 需要做一项检查 need to do a ________ 4. 患流感 have the ________ 5. 吃些药 take some ________ 6. 戴口罩 wear a ________ 7. 阻止……做某事 stop … ________ doing sth 8. 把流感病毒传给别人 pass the flu ________ to others 9. 对……的描述 ________ of 10. 询问伤情/病情 ask about ________ / ________ 11. 感觉身体好 feel ________ 重点讲解 1. patient 词性 单词 搭配用法 含义 n. patient take care of these patients 照顾这些病人 adj. patient be patient with ... 对……有耐心 n. patience run out of/lose patience with ... 对……失去耐心 patiently 耐心地 ① Mr Liang ________ ________ ________ his students. 梁老师对他的学生们很有耐心。 ② There ________ ________ ________ in the waiting room. 等候室里有很多病人。 ③ The teacher is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the noisy class. 老师对吵闹的班级快要失去耐心了。 2. hurt 词性 搭配用法 含义 及物v. hurt + 身体部位 伤到/弄疼某部位 hurt + 人 弄疼/伤害某人 不及物v. 身体部位+hurt 某部位疼 ① I ________ my ________ yesterday. 昨天我伤到了手。 ② Don't push him — you may hurt ________. 别推他，你可能会弄疼他。 3. stop ... (from) doing sth 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop ... (from) doing sth = keep ... from doing sth 阻止/防止……做某事 ① Stop ________ rubbish into the sea. 停止往海里扔垃圾。 ② We stopped ________ ________ a rest after walking for two hours. 走了两个小时后，我们停下来休息一下。 ③ She stops her child ________ ________ TV too much. 她阻止她的孩子看太多电视。 4. describe 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. describe sb./sth. as... 把…… 描述成…… describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某事 n. the description of ......的描述；描写 ①你能给我描述一下你的新书包吗？ Can you ______ your new schoolbag ______ me? ②这篇关于大海的描述很生动。 The ______ of the sea is very vivid. ③他把这个地方描述成天堂。 He ______ the place ______ a paradise. ✎ 【即学即练】 “Dr Wang, my ankle ________ (疼) a lot!” a boy said. Dr Wang was patient ________ him. “Let me see. What happened?” he asked. “I hurt it when playing football. The pain stops me ________ walking well,” said the boy. Dr Wang said, “You need to stop ________ (play) football now. You must rest so your ankle can get better.” 第三课时 (Grammar Focus 4a—4d) 4a Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice and circle the reflexive pronouns. What's wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn't eat so much next time. What's the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. 4b Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by ______________. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut ______________. We couldn't enjoy ______________ while our mother was in hospital. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor ______________. The students are young, but they know how to protect ______________. Her clearest memory is not of the race ______________, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. 4c Complete the passage with should, shouldn't, or could. Mobile phones are useful, but you ______________ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you ______________ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What's more, you ______________ change your screen's brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you ______________ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly ______________ look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you ______________ avoid using your phone too often. You ______________ listen to music instead of watching videos. You ______________ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. 重点短语 1. 坐下 take a ________ 2. 量你的体温 take your ________ 3. 需要做一项检查 need to do a ________ 4. 患流感 have the ________ 5. 吃些药 take some ________ 6. 戴口罩 wear a ________ 7. 阻止……做某事 stop … ________ doing sth 8. 把流感病毒传给别人 pass the flu ________ to others 9. 对……的描述 ________ of 10. 询问伤情/病情 ask about ________ / ________ 11. 感觉身体好 feel ________ 重点讲解 1. clear 词性 搭配用法 含义 adj. be clear about 对…… 清楚 / 明白 adv. express clearly 清晰地表达 v. clear out 把……清理出去 clean up 清扫 ① ________ you ________ ________ what you need to do? 你清晰自己需要做什么吗？ ② I ________ _____ all our old clothes ______ my bedroom. 我把所有的旧衣服从卧室清理了出去。 ③ We spent all Saturday morning ________ ________ the room. 我们整个星期六上午都在打扫房间。 2. cross 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. cross 穿越；横过；交叉 prep. across 横过 prep. through 从内部穿过 prep. over 上方跨过 ① Look both ways before you ________ the road. = Look both ways before you ________ ________ the road. 过马路前要左右看。 ② He got in ________ the window. 他是从窗户进来的。 ③ She jumped ________ the low wall. 她跳过了那道矮墙。 3. used to 【探究】used to 意为“过去常常做某事”，强调现在不做了。基本用法如下： 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 used to do sth He used to live here. 否定句 didn't use to do sth He didn't use to smoke. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + use to do sth? Did you use to play basketball? ①He ______ to ______ here. 他曾经在这里工作。 ②______ he ______ to work here? 他曾经在这里工作吗？ ③He ______ ______ to work here. 他过去没在这里工作。 【知识重温】 be/get used to (______) sth 习惯于 (做) 某事 become used to (______) sth 变得习惯于 (做) 某事 be used ______ ______ sth/for（doing）sth 被用来做某事 be used ______ ... 被 (某人) 使用 ✎ 【即学即练】 We decided to ________ (清理) our yard last Sunday. There was an old bicycle that I used to ________ (ride). I told my parents we should throw it away ________ (而不是) keeping it because I didn't like it very much. I still remember once when I rode it to ________ (across) the main road, I ________ (摔落) painfully. ________ (此外), it is really old and broken now. 第四课时 (Section B 1a—1e) 课文呈现 A Cooking Accident James lived in the city with his friend Allen. It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. One Saturday, James decided to make fried chicken. First, he poured oil into a pan. Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. Just then, he heard the front door open, followed by the sound of Allen singing. "Guess what," Allen called out happily. "We won!" "No way!" James followed him into the living room. He wanted to hear all about the football game! Suddenly, Allen stopped talking and looked up. "Hey, do you smell something burning?" "Oh no!" They both rushed back into the kitchen. The pan was on fire! Large flames were jumping into the air. In a panic, James turned off the stove at once. But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. James cried out and threw himself to the floor. He put out the fire by rolling on the ground, but the pan was still burning! "Get water, quick!" he shouted. Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. Thanks to the first aid and safety classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse! Instead, he ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher. In seconds, the fire in the burning pan was put out. "Are you OK?" Allen asked his friend. "I think so," James said. It was lucky that his shirt wasn't too thin! His arm was red, but it didn't hurt very much. "Maybe we should eat out tonight," James said as he ran cool water over his arm. "Sure, we could do that. What do you want?" "Anything but fried chicken," he said sadly. 重点短语 1. 着火（表动作） ________ fire 2. 他们自己做很多事情 do many things ________ 3. 做炸鸡 make ________ chicken 4. 打开/关掉炉子 turn ________ / ________ the stove 5. 留下……独自完成某事 leave … ________ ________ sth 6. 准备好鸡肉 ________ the chicken 7. 高兴地大喊 call out ________ 8. 抬头看 look ________ 9. 闻到有东西烧焦的味道 smell something ________ 10. 着火（表状态） be ________ fire 11. 大火苗 large ________ 12. 惊慌失措地 in a ________ 13. （火焰）蹿到他的衬衫上 jump ________ his shirt 14. 把他自己摔倒在地上 ________ himself to the floor 15. 灭火 put ________ the fire 16. 在地上打滚 ________ on the ground 17. 即将做某事 be ________ to do sth 18. 突然停住 stop ________ 19. 急救与安全课程 the first ________ and ________ classes 20. 拿灭火器 get the fire ________ 21. 几秒钟内 in ________ 22. 今晚出去吃饭 eat ________ tonight 23. 用凉水冲洗他的胳膊 ________ cool water over his arm 24. 除了炸鸡之外什么都可以 anything ________ fried chicken 25. 摔倒在地上 ________ to the ground 26. 受了重伤 be ________ hurt 27. 保护我们自己免受伤害 keep ourselves safe from ________ 重点讲解 1. burn 词义 动词类型 例句 燃烧 不及物v. Fires ________ ________all over the city. 全城处处燃烧着大火。 烧毁 / 烧焦 及物v. They set cars on fire and ________ a ________. 他们焚烧汽车，并烧毁了一座建筑。 发烫 不及物v. Your forehead ________ ________. 你额头很烫。 晒伤 / 烫伤 / 烧伤 及物v. ①I got ________ ________ by the sun yesterday. 我昨天被太阳晒伤得很严重。 ②The soup is hot. Don't ________ your mouth. 汤很烫。别把嘴巴烫到了。 烧伤；灼伤 n. There is _____ _____ ________ on his hand. 他的手上有一处小烧伤。 2. throw 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. throw sth at sb 把某物砸向某人（恶意行为） throw sth to sb 把某物扔给某人 throw sth down/away 扔下/扔掉某物 throw oneself at/on/into/down.… 突然猛力地扑向/跳到/冲进/扑倒等 throw oneself into... 精力投入…… ① It's too heavy. Don't ________ ________ ________ me. 这东西太重了，别扔给我。 ② The boys________ ________ stones ________ the dog. 那些男孩在朝狗扔石头。 ③ She ________ ________ her pen and left the room. 她把笔扔下，离开了房间。 ④He managed to open the door by ________ ________ ________ it.他扑向门，成功打开了门。 ⑤She ______ ______ ______ ______ after the old people living alone.她全身心投入到照顾独居老人的工作中。 3. aid 词性 搭配用法 含义 v. aid sb in sth/in doing sth 在某方面帮助某人 n. first aid 急救 with the aid of 在……的帮助下 ① The project was finished ________ ________ ________ ________ several students. 这个项目在几个学生的帮助下完成了。 ② He ________ ________ ________ ________ the problem. 他帮我解决了这个问题。 ③ Everyone should learn some ________ ________ knowledge. 每个人都应该学一些急救知识。 4. harm 词性 搭配用法 含义 n./v. harm sb/sth 伤害…… adj. be harmful to = be bad for 对……有害 n. do harm to sb/sth = do sb/sth harm 对……有害 ① Cakes can ________ ________ ________ children's teeth. 蛋糕可能会对孩子的牙齿有害。 =Cakes can ________ ______________children's teeth. =Cakes can ________ _______________children's teeth. ② She'll do anything to ________ her children ________ ________. 她将不惜一切地保护她的孩子们免受伤害。 ③ He would never ________ ________. 他永远不会伤害任何人。 5. turn 相关短语 词性 搭配用法 含义 短语 turn on 打开（电流、照明、电视等） turn off 关掉（水、电或煤气） turn up 把声音调大；出现 turn down 把声音调小；拒绝 turn to sb (for help) 向某人求助 turn into 变成 turn out 结果是 1) The TV is off — can you ______ ________ ________? 电视关着，你能把它打开吗？ 2) Please ______ ______the TV. It's too noisy for the sleeping baby. 3) When you meet difficulties in study, you can ______ ______your teacher for help. 4) The ugly duckling ______ ______a beautiful swan in the end of the story. 5) Don't forget to ______ ______the light when you leave the classroom. 6) The school trip ______ ______to be more interesting than we expect. 7) Can you ______ ______the radio a little? I can't hear the song clearly. 8) She ______ ______his invitation because she has to prepare for the exam. ✎ 【即学即练】 Last Saturday, I ________ (正要) watch my favourite cartoon when I smelled something strange. I saw smoke coming from the kitchen! I ran in and found a napkin (餐巾纸) on the stove b________. My first thought was to t________ water on the fire, but I remembered that it was very dangerous to do that to a big fire. Just then, my neighbour Mr Smith heard the noise and ran in to help. ________ the aid of my neighbour, we quickly ________ (灭) the fire. Luckily, the fire didn't cause any ________ (harmful). My mum said I was ________ (绝不) panicked (恐慌的). 第五课时 (Section B 2a—Reflecting) 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. injury    suffer    X-ray    avoid    aid    throw    colour Kelly looked at her phone. She was late, and her exam was starting in 10 minutes! Suddenly, something hit her hard and ______________ her to the ground. "Are you all right?" the driver cried out. His face was ______________ with fear. But Kelly didn't say anything. She was ______________ from shock and her arm was bleeding. "Don't worry. I know first ______________! I'll call for help too!" the driver said. At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly's arm carefully. An ______________ showed that her right arm was broken. "You're lucky that your ______________ wasn't worse," said the doctor. "You're right," Kelly said. "I'll ______________ looking at my phone while crossing the road next time." 3a Read the short story. Retell what happened to a partner. One Saturday, Julie invited Mark and Lucy to her house for lunch. Her parents weren't home, so they had it all to themselves. They ordered pizza, salad, and juice. But in the middle of the meal, Mark started to feel strange. His face felt warm, and his throat felt tight. "Were there any peanuts in our food?" he asked nervously. "I think I tasted peanuts in the salad," said Julie. "What's the matter?" "Oh no, I'm allergic to peanuts!" Mark cried. His friends jumped into action and took him to the hospital at once. At the hospital, Mark's friends told Dr Cooper what happened, and she gave Mark some medicine right away. When Mark felt better, the doctor asked him some questions and gave him some advice. "I'll take better care of myself from now on," Mark promised. It was a day he would never forget. 重点短语 1. 休息一段时间 ________ for some time 2. 给他一些药片 give him some ________ 3. 平躺；平卧 lie ________ 4. 用力打她 ________ her hard 5. 大声呼喊；尖叫 cry ________ 6. 仔细检查某人的胳膊 ________ sb's arm carefully 7. 某人独自占有（或使用）它 have it all ________ ________ 8. 感觉发紧 feel ________ 9. 对花生过敏 be ________ to ________ 10. 立即行动；迅速投入行动 ________ into action 11. 立刻；马上 ________ away = at ________ 12. 给他一些建议 give him some ________ 13. 更好地照顾我自己 ________ ________ care of myself 14. 从现在起 ________ now on 15. 检查成分 check the ________ 16. 减少屏幕使用时间 ________ ________screen time 17. 受眼疲劳困扰 suffer from eye ________ 重点讲解 1. shock 词性 搭配用法 含义 n. a shock to sb 对某人来说是件震惊的事 get a shock/give sb a shock 大吃一惊/让某人很震惊 in shock 震惊地 v. shock sb 令某人震惊 adj. be shocked by/at sth 对某事感到震惊 be shocked to hear/se … 听到/看到……很震惊 shocking news 令人震惊的消息 ① It ________ ________ when something like that happens. 发生这样的事情，我觉得很震惊。 ② The news of his death was ______ ______ ________ ________ me. 听到他去世的消息，我感到非常震惊。 ③ She ________ ________ ________after hearing the accident. 听到事故消息后，她很震惊。 ④I was deeply ______ ______ his death. 他的去世让我倍感震惊。 ⑤I was ______ ______ ______ about his death. 听到他去世的消息，我感到很震惊。 ⑥It is ______ that the accident killed at least 10 people. 令人震惊的是，事故导致至少十人死亡。 2. check 词性 搭配用法 含义 n. health/safety check 健康/安全检查 v. check sth 检查某物 check out sb/sth 查看；观察（有趣或有吸引力的人或事物） check in 办理酒店入住或登机 check out 办理酒店退房；结账离开；借出（书籍） ① Make sure to ________ your ________. 务必检查一下拼写。 ② We ______ ______ at the hotel at 2 p.m.我们下午两点在酒店办理入住。 ③ ______ _________ ______ that new park! 咱们去看看那个新公园吧！ 3. be allergic to 词性 搭配用法 含义 adj. be allergic to sth 对……过敏 n. allergy 过敏症 ① I am ________ to peanuts. 我对花生过敏。 ② She has an ________ to pollen. 她对花粉过敏。 4. from now on 词性 搭配用法 含义 短语 from now on 从现在起 from then on 从那时起 ✎ 【即学即练】 ________ (从现在起), I will be more careful. Yesterday, I ________ (lay) my book on the park bench (长椅) and ________ (lie) down on the grass. Later, my mum wanted to c________ my arm because it had red spots (点). She was ________ (shock) by what she saw! It turned out I was ________ (对……过敏) some plants in the park. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $