Unit6 Getting along with others语法(专项训练)-2026-2027学年译林版(三起)英语五年级上册

2026-07-19
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新版五上译林英语Unit 6 Getting along with others语法专项训练 重点语法知识点 一、shout at sb. 对某人大喊大叫 短语结构: shout at + 人(宾格) 拓展区分: shout at sb.:带着生气、不满情绪冲某人吼叫(带负面情绪) shout to sb.:为了让对方听见而朝某人大声喊话(无生气含义) 用法详解: 词性搭配:shout 是实义动词,随主语人称、时态变形;介词at固定不变, 后面人称必须用宾格(me/him/her/them 等) 一般现在时三单变形:主语为 he/she/ 人名 → shouts at sb. 例句: He often shouts at his little brother. 他经常对弟弟大吼大叫。 常用否定: don’t/doesn’t shout at sb. 不要对某人大喊大叫 例句: We shouldn’t shout at our classmates. 我们不应该对同学大吼大叫。 练习1 一、用括号内词正确形式填空 1. Don’t shout at ______ (she). 2. He often ______ (shout) at his dog at weekends. 3. We shouldn’t ______ (shout) at old people. 4. My sister never shouts at ______ (I). 5. The boy sometimes ______ (laugh) at his classmates. 6. Please look at ______ (they) carefully. 二、句首不定式 To + 动词原形(表目的 / 学习目标) 句型结构: To + 动词原形,置于句首,用来表达「为了做某事、要达成的目标 / 学习任务」 课文例句: To discuss how to get along with others.(目标:探讨如何和他人和睦相处) 用法详解: to do 不定式作目的状语,放在句首强调做事的目的、学习要完成的目标; 并列多个目标时,可连续重复 To + 动词原形 结构; 同义转换:可以用 in order to + 动词原形 替换,语气更正式; 主谓区分:句首的 To do 结构不充当句子主语,后面要搭配完整主句。 例句 To visit grandparents at weekends, I get up early on Saturdays. 为了周末去看望祖父母,我周六会早起。 To learn safety rules, we read many picture books. 为了学习安全规则,我们阅读很多绘本。 练习2 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. To ______ (visit) my grandparents, I often go there at weekends. 2. To ______ (keep) safe, we shouldn’t run on the stairs. 3. We come here ______ (learn) how to get along with friends. 4. To talk about ______ (play) football, we have a talk after class. 5. To ______ (warm) up first is important before swimming. 6. She comes to the park ______ (go) boating on Sundays. 3、 Is + 主语 + 形容词?(be 动词型一般疑问句) 句型结构: 问句:Is + 单数主语 + 形容词? 肯定回答:Yes, 人称代词 + is. 否定回答:No, 人称代词 + isn’t. 课文例句: —Is Sam helpful? 萨姆乐于助人吗?       —Yes, he is. Because he helps others often. 是的。因为他经常帮助别人。 用法详解: 适用场景:询问人 / 事物是否具备某种特征、品质 形容词:helpful(乐于助人的)、friendly(友善的)、kind(热心的)、 happy(开心的)、quiet(安静的) 例句 —Is your friend kind at weekends? 你的朋友周末待人热心吗? —No, he isn’t. He sometimes shouts at others. 不,他不热心,他有时会对别人大吼大叫。 练习3 一、按要求补全问答 1. —Is Billy lazy at weekends? —Yes, ______ ______.(肯定简答) 2. —Is your sister friendly? —No, ______ ______.(否定简答) 3. —Is Sam helpful? —Yes, ______ ______. He often helps others.(补全简答) 4. —______ your grandpa kind?(填入 Is/Are) —Yes, he is. 5. —______ your classmates helpful?(填入 Is/Are) —Yes, they are. 6. —Is she happy to play football? —No, ______ ______. 四、现在进行时 句型结构: 主语 + am /is/are + 动词 - ing 形式,用来描述此时此刻正在发生、进行的动作 课文例句: Two children are standing together. 两个孩子正站在一起。 The girl is drawing a dress. 女孩正在画一条连衣裙。 The boy is having a drink. 男孩正在喝东西。 用法详解 be 动词匹配规则 主语 I → 搭配 am 单数主语(he/she/ 人名 / 单数名词)→ 搭配 is 复数主语(we/they/ 复数名词 /you)→ 搭配 are 动词 - ing 变化规则 1 一般动词直接加 - ing:stand-standing、draw-drawing 2 以不发音字母 e 结尾,去 e 再加 - ing:have-having、write-writing ③ 重读闭音节辅元辅结尾,双写尾字母加 - ing:run-running、swim-swimming 句型变换 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词 - ing? 回答:Yes, 主语 + be 动词. / No, 主语 + be 动词否定缩写. 否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词 - ing 时间标志词:look(看)、listen(听)、now(现在), 出现这类词优先用现在进行时 练习4: 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Look! He ______ (play) football in the park now. 2. The girl ______ (draw) pictures at home right now. 3. I ______ (watch) TV with my grandparents now. 4. They ______ (climb) the hill at weekends now. 5. My mum ______ (cook) nice food for us now. 6. Listen! The boy ______ (sing) songs. 五、write a letter to sb. 给某人写信 短语结构: write a letter + to + 人称宾格 / 人名 课文例句: I write a letter to my grandparents at weekends. 我周末给祖父母写信。 用法详解: 介词固定搭配:to引出收信对象,to 后面的人称必须用宾格(me/him/her/them 等) 一般现在时三单变形:主语为 he/she/ 单数人名时,write变为writes 例句:She writes a letter to her uncle every weekend. 她每周末给叔叔写信。 同义替换 : write letters to sb.(多封信)write to sb. 简略表达(省略 a letter) 拓展结构 : write a letter to sb. about sth. 就某事给某人写信 例:I write a letter to my grandma about my weekend life. 我给奶奶写信讲我的周末生活。 练习5: 一、用括号内动词正确形式填空 1. I often write a letter to ______ (they) at weekends. 2. He ______ (write) a letter to his aunt on Sundays. 3. Don’t forget to write a letter to ______ (she). 4. They sometimes ______ (write) letters to their cousins. 5. My sister ______ (write) to her friend every weekend. 6. Can you write a letter to ______ (I)? 六、提建议句型 句型结构: 完整句式:Why don’t you + 动词原形? 你为什么不…… 呢? 省略简写:Why not + 动词原形? 为什么不…… 呢?(两句可完全同义转换) 课文例句: —Why don’t you visit your grandparents at weekends? = Why not visit your grandparents at weekends?你周末为什么不去看望祖父母呢? 用法详解: Why don’t you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?,两种结构后面都只能接动词原形, 不能用三单、doing 形式; 句式语气: 委婉提出建议、邀约,常用来讨论周末休闲、人际相处类活动; 常用应答: ✅ 赞同:Good idea. / Sounds great.(好主意 / 听起来很棒) ❌ 拒绝:Sorry, I can’t.(抱歉我不行) 拓展变形:主语换成 we,可写 Why don’t we + 动词原形?(我们何不……) 例句 Why don’t you go climbing with your parents on Sunday? = Why not go climbing with your parents on Sunday? 周日你何不跟父母一起去爬山? 注意 ① Why not后面不能再加主语 you,禁止写:Why not you go...; 3 don’t 是助动词否定,其后动词必须还原原形; ③ 可和单元已学 What about doing...? 做同义改写。 练习6: 一、用括号内动词正确形式填空 1. Why don’t you ______ (play) football after class? 2. Why not ______ (help) your grandma water plants? 3. Why don’t we ______ (visit) our uncle this weekend? 4. Why not ______ (go) swimming at weekends? 5. Why don’t you ______ (write) a letter to your friend? 6. Why not ______ (practice) playing the piano on Saturdays? 二、句型改写 7. Why don’t you go for a walk after dinner?(改为 Why not 开头同义句) ________________________________________________________________ 8. Why not play table tennis at weekends?(改为 Why don’t you 开头句子) ________________________________________________________________ 9. weekends, why, at, you, fishing, don’t, go (连词成句) ________________________________________________________________ 语法专项训练 1、 所给词的适当形式填空。 1. We should be ________ (kindly) to others and ________ (help) people in need. 2. There is a wall between the two ________ (house). 3. Bobby ________ (not feel) happy, because his bag is too heavy. 4. It is ________ (importance) for us ________ (be) kind to others. 5. Look! The boy ______(shout) at his classmate angrily. 6. There are many trees between the two ______(house). 7. It is rude ______(laugh) at other people. 8. ______(I) new neighbour is very friendly to me. 9. Sam should ______(give) you some good advice. 10. He sits between ______(she) and me. 11. Yang Ling ______(not feel) happy when others shout at her. 12. We should be ______(kind) to people around us. 13. He tries ______(find) a good way to get along with friends. 14. Sam ________ (carry) two heavy ________ (basket). 15. Wang Bing ________ (stand) next to ________ (he) new classmate now. 16. Why ________ (do) the boy ________ (has) a talk with his classmate? 17. Yang Ling ________ (think) it is rude ________ (shout) at other people. 18. Yang Ling ________ (get) along with her new classmate. 19. Bobby ________ (feel) angry. 20. My grandparents ________ (be) kind to their neighbours. 21. ________ (I) classmate is very kind. 22. Su Hai ________ (write) a letter to her friend. 23. Look! Liu Tao ________ (shout) at that rude boy. 24. The two families become good ________ (neighbour). 25. He gets some good ________ (advice) from his friend. 26. We should be ________ (friend) to new classmates. 27. Why ________ (do) you play games with us after class? 28. Sam ________ (close) his storybook and listens carefully. 29. Zhang Hua ________ (live) next to a small garden. 30. You should ________ (move) your chair back a little. 31. Look! Su Yang __________ (put) her picnic basket on the ground. 32. She sits between ________ (he) and ________ (I). 33. ________ (she) new neighbour is very kind to ________ (she). 2、 选择题。 ( )1. It’s important ______ us ______ get on well with others. A. for; to B. to; for C. for; / ( )2. Why ______ you write a letter to your neighbour? A. not B. don’t C. doesn’t ( )3. She sits close ______ the window in the classroom. A. to B. at C. for ( )4. —How do you ______ along with your new friends? —Very well. A. gets B. get C. getting ( )5. Don’t shout ______ others when you are angry. A. to B. at C. for ( )6. My mum gives me some good ______ on making friends. A. advice B. advices C. an advice ( )7. Look! The girl ______ her chair near the desk. A. moves B. is moving C. move ( )8. You ______ be friendly to your classmates. A. should B. would C. shouldn’t to ( )9. The park is ______ the two buildings. A. among B. between C. next ( )10. —Why not ______ with your neighbours on weekends? —Good idea! A. chat B. chatting C. chats 3、 句型转换(5 道) 1. Why not go to the cinema?(改为同义句) ____________________go to the cinema? 2. Why don't we play basketball?(改为同义句) ____________________play basketball? 3. Why not read a book?(作肯定回答) ________________________________________ 4. Why don't you ask your teacher for help?(作肯定回答) ________________________________________ 5. Let's have a party.(改为同义句) ____________________have a party? 译林版五上Unit6语法专项练习 答案+详细解析 一、重点语法配套练习答案+解析 (一)shout at sb. 知识点练习 核心考点:shout at + 人称宾格;一般现在时三单变形;should/shouldn’t+动词原形 1. her 解析:介词at后必须接人称代词宾格,she的宾格为her。 2. shouts 解析:主语He为第三人称单数,一般现在时实义动词变三单,shout直接加s。 3. shout 解析:shouldn’t为情态动词否定形式,后接动词原形。 4. me 解析:介词at后用宾格,I的宾格为me。 5. laughs 解析:主语The boy为三单,sometimes为一般现在时标志,laugh变三单laughs。 6. them 解析:介词at后用宾格,they的宾格为them。 (二)句首不定式 To+动词原形 知识点练习 核心考点:To+动词原形放句首表目的;come to do sth. 固定搭配 1. visit 解析:句首To表目的,后接动词原形。 2. keep 解析:不定式结构To+动词原形,无变形。 3. to learn 解析:固定搭配come to do sth.(来做某事),用不定式。 4. playing 解析:介词about后接动名词形式。 5. warm 解析:To后接动词原形,warm up为固定短语“热身”。 6. to go 解析:come to do sth. 固定搭配,后接不定式。 (三)Is+主语+形容词?一般疑问句 练习 核心考点:单数主语用Is,复数用Are;标准简答句式 1. he is 解析:Is引导单数主语疑问句,肯定简答:Yes, 人称代词+is。 2. she isn’t 解析:否定简答固定句式:No, 人称代词+isn’t。 3. he is 解析:Sam为男性单数,肯定简答用he is。 4. Is 解析:grandpa为单数名词,be动词用Is。 5. Are 解析:classmates为复数名词,be动词用Are。 6. she isn’t 解析:she为单数主语,否定简答用she isn’t。 (四)现在进行时 知识点练习 核心考点:now/look/listen为现在进行时标志;be+doing结构 1. is playing 解析:Look!为现在进行时标志,he搭配be动词is,play直接加ing。 2. is drawing 解析:right now表现在,the girl为三单,be动词用is,draw加ing。 3. am watching 解析:now表现在,I搭配be动词am,watch加ing。 4. are climbing 解析:now表现在,they为复数,be动词用are,climb加ing。 5. is cooking 解析:now表现在,my mum为三单,be动词用is,cook加ing。 6. is singing 解析:Listen!为现在进行时标志,the boy为三单,is+singing。 (五)write a letter to sb. 知识点练习 核心考点:to后接宾格;三单主语write变writes 1. them 解析:介词to后用人称宾格,they的宾格为them。 2. writes 解析:主语He为三单,一般现在时write变writes。 3. her 解析:介词to后用宾格,she的宾格为her。 4. write 解析:主语They为复数,动词用原形。 5. writes 解析:主语My sister为三单,write变writes。 6. me 解析:介词to后用宾格,I的宾格为me。 (六)提建议句型 知识点练习 核心考点:Why not/Why don’t you + 动词原形,互相同义转换 1. 动词填空 1. play 解析:Why don’t you后接动词原形。 2. help 解析:Why not后永久接动词原形,无变形。 3. visit 解析:Why don’t we后接动词原形。 4. go 解析:Why not后接动词原形。 5. write 解析:Why don’t you后接动词原形。 6. practice 解析:Why not后接动词原形。 2. 句型改写 1. Why not go for a walk after dinner? 解析:Why don’t you... = Why not...,其余内容不变。 2. Why don’t you play table tennis at weekends? 解析:Why not... 同义转换为Why don’t you...。 3. Why don’t you go fishing at weekends? 解析:连词成句,固定建议句型结构,语序正确即可。 二、语法专项训练 答案+详细解析 (一)用所给词的适当形式填空 1. kind; help 解析:be动词后接形容词kind;should后接动词原形help。 2. houses 解析:two后接可数名词复数,house变houses。 3. doesn’t feel 解析:主语Bobby三单,一般现在时否定用doesn’t+动词原形。 4. important; to be 解析:固定句型It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.。 5. is shouting 解析:Look! 现在进行时标志,be+doing。 6. houses 解析:two two后接名词复数。 7. to laugh 解析:固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth.。 8. My 解析:名词前用形容词性物主代词,I对应My。 9. give 解析:should情态动词,后接动词原形。 10. her 解析:介词between后接宾格。 11. doesn’t feel 解析:主语Yang Ling三单,否定用doesn’t+原形。 12. kind 解析:be动词后接形容词作表语。 13. to find 解析:固定搭配try to do sth. 尽力做某事。 14. carries; baskets 解析:Sam三单,carry变carries;two后接名词复数baskets。 15. is standing; his 解析:now现在进行时,is+standing;名词前用物主代词his。 16. does; have 解析:三单主语疑问句用does,后接动词原形have。 17. thinks; to shout 解析:Yang Ling三单,think变thinks;It is rude to do sth. 固定句型。 18. gets 解析:主语三单,一般现在时动词变三单。 19. feels 解析:Bobby三单,feel变feels。 20. are 解析:grandparents复数,be动词用are。 21. My 解析:名词前用形容词性物主代词。 22. writes 解析:Su Hai三单,write变writes。 23. is shouting 解析:Look! 现在进行时,is+shouting。 24. neighbours 解析:two families对应复数邻居,neighbour变复数。 25. advice 解析:advice为不可数名词,无复数形式。 26. friendly 解析:be动词后接形容词friendly(友好的)。 27. do 解析:主语you,疑问句助动词用do。 28. closes 解析:Sam三单,close变closes。 29. lives 解析:Zhang Hua三单,live变lives。 30. move 解析:should后接动词原形。 31. is putting 解析:Look! 现在进行时,put双写t加ing。 32. him; me 解析:介词between后均用人称宾格。 33. Her; her 解析:名词前用物主代词Her;介词to后用宾格her。 (二)选择题 1. A 解析:固定句型It’s important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很重要。 2. B 解析:主语you,疑问句助动词用don’t,Why don’t you do sth.。 3. A 解析:固定搭配close to 靠近。 4. B 解析:助动词do后接动词原形,get along with 相处。 5. B 解析:shout at sb. 对某人大喊(带负面情绪),固定搭配。 6. A 解析:advice不可数,some advice 一些建议。 7. B 解析:Look! 现在进行时标志,选is moving。 8. A 解析:should后接动词原形,表建议“应该”。 9. B 解析:between用于两者之间,among用于三者及以上。 10. A 解析:Why not后接动词原形chat。 (三)句型转换 1. Why not 解析:Why don’t you do sth.? = Why not do sth.? 同义转换。 2. Why not 解析:Why don’t we 同义替换 Why not。 3. Good idea. / Sounds great. 解析:赞同建议的标准答句。 4. Good idea. / Sounds great. 解析:赞同对方建议的固定回答。 5. Why not 解析:Let’s do sth. 提议句型,可同义转换为Why not do sth.。 三、Unit6 核心语法汇总(期末必考) 1. shout搭配辨析:shout at sb.(生气吼叫);shout to sb.(大声喊话,无情绪),at后必接宾格。 2. 句首不定式目的状语:To+动词原形,表做事目的,不充当主语,后接完整主句。 3. be动词一般疑问句:单数Is、复数Are,简答严格对应:Yes, 代词+is/are;No, 代词+isn’t/aren’t。 4. 现在进行时:标志词look/listen/now,结构am/is/are+doing,熟记动词ing变形规则。 5. write固定搭配:write a letter to+宾格,三单writes,可替换为write letters/write to sb.。 6. 建议句型互换:Why don’t you/we + 原形 = Why not + 原形,必考同义句转换。 7. 高频固定句型:It’s + 形容词 + (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事是……的。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit6 Getting along with others语法(专项训练)-2026-2027学年译林版(三起)英语五年级上册
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Unit6 Getting along with others语法(专项训练)-2026-2027学年译林版(三起)英语五年级上册
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Unit6 Getting along with others语法(专项训练)-2026-2027学年译林版(三起)英语五年级上册
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