摘要:
**基本信息**
以“概念-规则-口诀-应用”为逻辑链,系统构建代词语法体系,通过表格对照、易错辨析和情境化练习提升语言运用能力与思维精准性。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|人称代词宾格|12题填空|动介后用宾格口诀;主宾格表格对照|从单复数人称分类到动词/介词后宾格应用,结合高频动词短语强化语境理解|
|物主代词区分|15题填空|形物代+名词=名物代转换公式;有无名词判断法|先对比形/名物代形式,再通过同义转换建立语法联系,聚焦“名词有无”关键差异|
|主格宾格综合|10题选择|主语用主格、动介后用宾格快速判断句式|整合前两模块知识,通过双空选择训练主宾格语境辨析能力|
|句型转换|8题转换|be动词+物主代词句型规则;单复数转换方法|以归属询问句型为载体,实现代词知识向句式应用迁移|
|动词搭配|10题完成句子|单元固定动词短语后接宾格规则|结合单元主题语境,强化“动词+宾格”语法规则的实际运用|
内容正文:
译林版七上Unit 3 Welcome to our school! 语法精讲精练
单元核心语法总览
1.人称代词宾格(me/him/her/us/them)
2.名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs)
3.人称代词主格 vs 宾格区分
4.形容词性物主代词 vs 名词性物主代词区分
5.句型:询问物品归属、动词后用人称宾格
语法一:人称代词宾格
【语法精讲】
1. 表格对照(主格 vs 宾格)
人称
单数主格 (作主语)
单数宾格 (作宾语)
复数主格
复数宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he / she / it
him / her / it
they
them
2. 核心规则
宾格放在动词、介词后面作宾语。
常用动词:like, meet, help, show, know…
常用介词:to, with, for, at…
3. 必背口诀
句首主语用主格,动介后面用宾格。
4. 经典例句
(1)Show me around our school.(show 动词后用宾格 me)
(2)I often play with him.(with 介词后用宾格 him)
(3)Our teachers help us a lot.(help 动词后宾格 us)
5. 高频易错
❌ She and I like he.
✅ She and I like him.(like 动词后必须用宾格)
【专项练习一 宾格填空】
用括号内代词的宾格形式填空
1.Let ______ (I) show you around the library.
2.All students like ______ (she).
3.We often play basketball with ______ (he).
4.Miss Li teaches ______ (we) English.
5.The cat is cute. We love ______ (it).
6.Can you wait for ______ (they)?
7.Help ______ (I), please.
8.I want to meet ______ (you) at the school gate.
9.Our parents look after ______ (we) well.
10.The boy sits beside ______ (she).
11.Let ______ (we) go to the playground.
12.Do you know ______ (he)?
语法二:形容词性物主代词 vs 名词性物主代词(单元重难点)
【语法精讲】
1. 完整对照表
主格
形容词性物主代词(后接名词)
名词性物主代词(单独使用,不加名词)
I
my 我的
mine 我的(东西)
you
your 你的
yours 你的(东西)
he
his 他的
his 他的(东西)
she
her 她的
hers 她的(东西)
we
our 我们的
ours 我们的(东西)
they
their 他们的
theirs 他们的(东西)
2. 核心用法区分
(1)形容词性物主代词:后面必须加名词
This is my classroom.(my + 名词 classroom)
(2)名词性物主代词:后面不加名词,等同于“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”
This classroom is mine. = This classroom is my classroom.
3.同义转换公式
形容词性物主代词 + 名词 = 名词性物主代词
her pen = hers our school = ours
4. 易错例句
❌ This desk is my.
✅ This desk is mine.(后面无名词,用名词性物主代词)
❌ This is mine desk.
✅ This is my desk.(后面有名词,用形容词性物主代词)
【专项练习二 物主代词填空】
用合适的物主代词(形物代 / 名物代)填空
1.This is ______ (I) classroom. That one is ______ (you).
2.______ (he) bag is blue. ______ (she) is pink.
3.These books are _____ (we).______ (they) books are on the desk.
4.—Is this ruler ______ (he)? —No, it’s ______ (she).
5.______ (we) school is big. Yours is small.
6.That pencil is not mine. It’s ______ (Tom,名词性)
7.The library is _____ (they).Their classroom is next to it.
8.Is this new bag ______ (you)?
9.______ (I) favourite place is the playground.
10.The ball is his, not ______ (I).
11.Look at the tree. ______ (it) leaves are green.
12.These desks are ours. Those are ______ (they).
13.Her pen is red. ______ (I) is black.
14.This is our hall. That hall is ______ (you).
15.His classroom is on the first floor.______ (she) is on the second.
语法三:主格、宾格综合辨析
【语法精讲】
1.句首、动作发出者(主语)→ 主格:I/he/she/we/they
2.动词/介词后、动作承受者(宾语)→ 宾格:me/him/her/us/them
3.快速判断句式:______ like ______
前空主语用主格,后空动词后用宾格
例句:We often meet them at the school gate.(We主格作主语,them宾格作宾语)
【专项练习三 主格宾格综合选择】
括号内选择正确单词填空
1.______(We / Us) show _____(they / them) around our school.
2.________(She / Her) sits behind ________(I / me).
3.Let ________(he / him) help ________(we / us).
4.Do ________(you / your) know ________(she / her)?
5.______(They / Them) play with_____ (he / him) after class.
6.______(I / Me) wait for______ (they / them) every morning.
7.________(He / Him) likes (she / her) new classroom.
8.Can (we / us) go with ________(you / your)?
9.________(She / Her) and _______(I / me) visit the library together.
10.The teacher meets _____(we / us) and______ (they / them).
语法四:be动词搭配物主代词基础句型
【语法精讲】
1. 询问归属基础句型
(1)单数:Is this/that + 形物代 + 名词?(Is this your classroom?)
(2)单数无名词:Is this/that + 名物代?(Is this yours?)
(3)复数:Are these/those + 形物代 + 名词? / Are these yours?
2. 回答规则
Is this/that…? 统一用 it 回答
Are these/those…? 统一用 they 回答
例句:—Is this yours? —Yes, it’s mine.
—Are these their books? —Yes, they are theirs.
【专项练习四 句型转换】8 题
1.This is my classroom.(改为一般疑问句)
2.That desk is hers.(改为同义句)
That is ______ ______.
3.These are their halls.(改为单数句)
______ ______ ______ hall.
4.Is this your bag?(同义句转换)
Is this bag ______?
5.This library is ours.(改为否定句)
This library ______ ______.
6.Are those your pens?(改为单数句)
______ ______ your ______?
7.It is his book.(改为名词性物主代词句子)
The book ______ ______.
8.These desks are theirs.(改为一般疑问句)
语法五:单元固定动词搭配(后接宾格)
【语法精讲】
本单元高频动词短语,动词/介词后必须接人称代词宾格:
1.show sb. around 带某人参观
2.help sb. 帮助某人
3.wait for sb. 等待某人
4.play with sb. 和某人玩耍
5.meet sb. 遇见某人
6.look after sb. 照顾某人
例句:I show her around our school.(show后接宾格her)
【专项练习五 完成句子】10 题(每空一词)
1.让我带你参观我们的礼堂。
Let ______ show ______ around our hall.
2.我们在校门口等他们。
We ______ ______ ______ at the school gate.
3.她经常在课后帮助我们。
She often ______ ______ after class.
4.我和他一起去图书馆。
I go to the library ______ ______.
5.这是她的教室,不是我的。
This is ______ classroom, not ______.
6.这个书包是你的吗?
Is this schoolbag ______?
7.他们的教室在一楼,我们的在二楼。
_____ classroom is on the first floor.____ is on the second.
8.你能带我看看你们的操场吗?
Can you ______ ______ around your playground?
9.他认识她,但她不认识他。
He knows ______, but she doesn’t know ______.
10.这张桌子是他们的。
This desk is ______.
全套参考答案与详细解析
专项一 宾格填空答案
1. me 解析:let 动词后接人称代词宾格
2. her 解析:like 实义动词后接宾格
3. him 解析:with 介词后接宾格
4. us 解析:teach 动词后接宾格
5. it 解析:指代动物,love后接宾格it
6. them 解析:for 介词后接宾格
7. me 解析:help 动词后接宾格
8. you 解析:you主宾同形,meet后用宾格you
9. us 解析:look after 短语后接宾格
10. her 解析:beside 介词后接宾格
11. us 解析:let 后接宾格
12. him 解析:know 动词后接宾格
专项二 物主代词填空答案
1. my; yours 解析:第一空后有名词用形物代my;第二空无名词用名物代yours
2. His; Hers 解析:his修饰名词bag;hers=her bag,单独使用
3. ours; Their 解析:无名词用ours;修饰名词books用形物代their
4. his; hers 解析:两空均无名词,用名词性物主代词
5. Our 解析:修饰名词school,用形物代our
6. his 解析:指代Tom的物品,用名词性物主代词his
7. theirs 解析:无名词,theirs=their library
8. yours 解析:无名词,用名物代yours
9. My 解析:修饰名词place,用形物代my
10. mine 解析:无名词,mine=my ball
11. Its 解析:修饰名词leaves,用形物代its
12. theirs 解析:无名词,用名物代theirs
13. Mine 解析:mine=my pen,单独作主语
14. yours 解析:无名词,用名物代yours
15. Hers 解析:hers=her classroom,单独作主语
专项三 主格宾格综合选择答案
1. We; them 解析:句首主语用主格,show动词后用宾格
2. She; me 解析:句首主语用主格,behind介词后用宾格
3. him; us 解析:let和help后均接宾格
4. you; her 解析:句首主语用主格,know动词后用宾格
5. They; him 解析:句首主语用主格,with介词后用宾格
6. I; them 解析:句首主语用主格,for介词后用宾格
7. He; her 解析:句首主语用主格,likes动词后用宾格
8. we; you 解析:句首主语用主格,with介词后用宾格
9. She; I 解析:并列主语,均用主格
10. us; them 解析:meet动词后接双宾,均用宾格
专项四 句型转换答案
1. Is this your classroom?
2. her desk
3. This is their
4. yours
5. isn’t ours
6. Is that; pen
7. is his
8. Are these theirs?
专项五 完成句子答案
1. me; you
2. wait for them
3. helps us
4. with him
5. her; mine
6. yours
7. Their; Ours
8. show me
9. her; him
10. theirs
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$