Unit 1 Science and Scientists 重点词汇 课件 -2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语课件聚焦新人教版选择性必修二Unit 1“Science and Scientists”单元12个重点词汇及词组，通过课文原句（如John Snow案例）与高考真题链接（2022-2026年卷）建立新旧知识联系，构建从词汇辨析到语篇应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养，以高考真题（如2024新课标I卷“multiple learning techniques”）强化语言运用，通过语境应用和语篇演练（如霍乱案例填空）提升分析表达能力，外刊改编拓展学习渠道。采用“词汇-搭配-语篇”渐进式总结，助力学生夯实基础、提升应试能力，教师可直接用于课堂精讲与巩固。

新人教版选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 重点词汇精讲 Language Points 1. frustrated /frʌˈstreɪtɪd/ adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 派生词：frustration n. 沮丧；frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的 【课文原句】 As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. 年轻的约翰·斯诺因霍乱无法防治而倍感沮丧。 【高考链接】 I bit back my frustration.（2022新高考全国II卷） 【用法搭配】 feel frustrated at/by 因……感到沮丧 be frustrated with 对……感到不满 【语境应用】 ① Repeated failure left him ______________ (frustrate). ② 实验屡次失败，他仍重新检查每一步。 Repeated failures did not frustrate him; he checked every step again. frustrated 2. subscribe /səbˈskraɪb/ vi. 认购；订阅；同意；赞同 派生词：subscriber n. 订阅者；subscription n. 订阅 【课文原句】 Snow subscribed to the second theory. 斯诺赞同第二种理论。 【高考链接】 You can download the application and subscribe today to get your first issue free.（2023新课标II卷） 【用法搭配】 subscribe to a magazine 订阅杂志 subscribe to the view 同意该观点 a monthly subscription 月度订阅 【语境应用】 ① So far, thousands of readers ________________ (subscribe) to the science magazine. ② 真正的科学家不会盲目赞同未经证明的观点。 A true scientist will not blindly subscribe to an unproven view. have subscribed 3. multiple /ˈmʌltɪpl/ adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 派生词：multiply vt. & vi. 乘；成倍增加；multiplication n. 乘法 【课文语境】 Scientists often conduct multiple experiments before reaching a conclusion. 科学家通常会进行多次实验后才得出结论。 【高考链接】 Students should apply multiple learning techniques.（2024新课标I卷） 【用法搭配】 multiple causes 多种原因 multiple choice 多项选择 【语境应用】 ① The result was confirmed through ______________ (multiply) tests. ② 研究团队逐一验证了多种可能原因。 The team tested each of the multiple possible causes. multiple 4. blame /bleɪm/ vt. 把……归咎于；责怪 n. 责备；责任 派生词：blameless adj. 无过错的；无可指责的 【课文原句】 It seemed that the water from the pump was to blame. 看来水泵里的水是罪魁祸首。 【高考链接】 It is hard to blame the parents.（2024新课标I卷） 【用法搭配】 blame sb for sth 因某事责怪某人 be to blame for 应为……负责 put/lay the blame on 把责任归咎于 【语境应用】 ① Neither the assistant nor the scientist was ______________ (blame) for the accident. ② 与其责怪别人，不如查明问题的真正原因。 Instead of blaming others, we should find out the real cause of the problem. to blame 5. handle /ˈhændl/ vt. 处理；搬动；操纵 n. 把手；柄 派生词：handling n. 处理；搬运；handler n. 操作者 【课文原句】 Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed. 因此，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手。 【高考链接】 One person will handle the tools while the other records the data.（2026新高考I卷） 【用法搭配】 handle a crisis 处理危机 handle the tools 操作工具 【语境应用】 ① The dangerous material must ______________ (handle) with care. ② 她冷静地处理了突发情况，并保护了实验数据。 She handled the emergency calmly and protected the experimental data. be handled 6. link /lɪŋk/ n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 派生词：linkage n. 联系；连接；linked adj. 有联系的 【课文语境】 Snow suspected that the water pump was linked to the outbreak. 斯诺怀疑水泵与疫情暴发有关。 【高考链接】 People often link their memory of what they have read to where it was on the page.（2024新课标I卷） 【用法搭配】 link A to B 把A与B联系起来 a link between A and B A与B之间的联系 【语境应用】 ① Researchers found _______ close link between sleep and memory. ② 这些证据把受污染的水与疾病传播联系了起来。 The evidence linked the polluted water to the spread of the disease. a 7. decrease /dɪˈkriːs/ vt. & vi. 减少；降低 n. 减少；降低 派生词：decreasing adj. 日益减少的；decreased adj. 减少的 【课文原句】 Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 斯诺的不懈努力使全球霍乱的威胁大幅降低。 【高考链接】 Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave.（2025新课标II卷） 【用法搭配】 decrease from ... to ... 从……减少到…… a decrease in ……方面的减少 【语境应用】 ① Since the new measures were introduced, the number of infections ______________ (decrease) sharply. ② 采取有效措施后，感染人数开始稳步下降。 Effective measures led to a steady decrease in infections. has decreased 8. transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变；转变 派生词：transformation n. 转变；改造；transformative adj. 变革性的 【课文语境】 Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. 斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。 【高考链接】 AI has the potential to transform our lives.（2024新课标II卷） 【用法搭配】 transform A into B 把A转变成B a complete transformation 彻底转变 【语境应用】 ① Digital technology has brought about a major _______________ (transform). ② 一次关键发现可能彻底改变人们对疾病的认识。 One discovery may transform how people understand disease. transformation 9. initial /ɪˈnɪʃl/ adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 派生词：initially adv. 最初；起初；initial n. 首字母 【课文语境】 His initial theory needed to be tested with solid evidence. 他最初的理论需要用可靠证据来检验。 【高考链接】 Though some are initially scared of the insects, most are eager to try something new.（2023新课标II卷） 【用法搭配】 the initial stage 最初阶段 an initial reaction 最初反应 【语境应用】 ① The plan was ______________ (initial) rejected but later accepted. ② 最初的结果并不理想，但研究人员没有放弃。 The initial results were not satisfactory, but the researchers did not give up. initially 10. break out /breɪk aʊt/ （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发 派生词：outbreak n. 爆发；暴发 【课文语境】 Cholera was once greatly feared until John Snow showed how it could be overcome. 霍乱曾令人恐惧，直到医生揭示了战胜它的方法。 【语料链接】 An infectious disease can break out suddenly.（单元语境） 【用法搭配】 a war breaks out 战争爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭 【语境应用】 ① A fire __________ (break) out in the laboratory last night. ② 疫情暴发后，科学家立即追踪感染源。 Scientists traced the source as soon as the disease broke out. broke 11. defend /dɪˈfend/ vt. 保卫；防守；辩解 派生词：defence/defense n. 防御；辩护；defensive adj. 防御性的 【课文语境】 A scientist must be ready to defend a conclusion with solid evidence. 科学家必须准备好用可靠证据为结论辩护。 【高考链接】 My field journals were my defense against the dampness and insects.（2026广州一模） 【用法搭配】 defend ... against/from 保护……免受 defend one's conclusion 为结论辩护 【语境应用】 ① The lawyer spoke in ______________ (defend) of the young scientist. ② 面对质疑，她用实验数据有力地为自己的结论辩护。 She defended her conclusion firmly with experimental data. defence 12. steady /ˈstedi/ adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 派生词：steadily adv. 稳定地；稳步地；steadiness n. 稳定 【课文语境】 Scientific progress depends on steady effort rather than sudden luck. 科学进步依靠持续稳定的努力，而不是偶然的幸运。 【高考链接】 I began, my voice steady.（2025新课标II卷） 【用法搭配】 steady progress 稳步进展 a steady voice 平稳的声音 【语境应用】 ① The patient's condition improved ______________ (steady). ② 尽管压力很大，她仍以平稳的声音汇报了研究结果。 Despite the pressure, she reported the research findings in a steady voice. steadily 13. shift /ʃɪft/ n. 改变；转换；轮班 vt. & vi. 转移；挪动；转向 派生词：shifting adj. 不断变化的；shift worker n. 轮班工人 【课文语境】 The evidence caused a major shift in scientists' thinking. 这些证据使科学家的思维发生了重大转变。 【高考链接】 This type of record is useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species.（2024新课标I卷） 【用法搭配】 shift one's focus 转移重点 a shift in attitude 态度的转变 【语境应用】 ① There has been ____ major shift in the research focus. ② 新的证据使研究重点从症状转向了疾病传播的源头。 The new evidence shifted the research focus from symptoms to the source of disease transmission. a 【本单元重点词组】 1. feel frustrated at/by 因……感到沮丧 2. subscribe to the view 赞同该观点 3. multiple causes 多种原因 4. be to blame for 应为……负责 5. handle a crisis 处理危机 6. link A to B 把A与B联系起来 7. a decrease in ……方面的减少 8. transform A into B 把A转变成B 9. at the initial stage 在最初阶段 10. break out 突然开始；爆发 11. defend ... against/from 保护……免受 12. steady progress 稳步进展 13. shift one's focus 转移重点 【语篇演练】 　　When cholera broke out in London, John Snow became 1. __________ (frustrate) because its cause was unknown. He refused 2. ____________ (subscribe) to an untested theory and examined 3. __________ (multiply) sources of evidence. 　　Snow suspected that polluted water was 4. __________. He linked the deaths 5. __________ a particular pump and had its handle 6. __________ (remove). In the following days, the number of deaths 7. ___________ (decrease) sharply. 　　His discovery later 8. ____________ (transform) the study of disease. It also caused a major 9. __________ in scientific thinking and showed that a conclusion must 10. _____________ (defend) with solid evidence. frustrated to subscribe multiple to blame to removed decreased transformed shift be defended 【外刊改编】 改编自：Scientific American｜ Science Improves When People Realize They Were Wrong（2024） 　　Science advances when people are willing to change their minds. Researchers may feel 1. __________ (frustrate) when their ideas 2. _________ (initial) fail, but failure can reveal weaknesses in a theory. 　　Reliable scientists test 3. ________ (multiply) explanations and 4. _________ (care) handle unexpected results. They do not blame others 5. ____ errors. Instead, they look for links 6. _________ evidence and possible causes. 　　Today, an accepted view can 7. ______________ (transform) by new evidence. A steady 8. _________ in errors gives researchers confidence, while criticism helps them 9. ________ (defence) their conclusions. This habit always 10. _______ (keep) science moving forward. frustrated initially multiple carefully for between be transformed decrease defend keeps $