2.1 生活、学习与工作-【创新教程】2022-2026五年高考英语真题分类特训试卷

最新真题 分类特训 第二部今 阅读理解七这五 主题1生活、学习与工作 [真题题组·实战集训] Passage1(2026全国二卷) 通过做家务培养孩子 题材 体裁 说明文 词数 324 建议用时 10' 整 的责任感和毅力 难度： Ways to Teach Kids Work Ethic Early Ever watched your child try to get out of doing housework by making excuses?If only the effort 郑 they put into avoiding responsibility could be redirected into,well,actual responsibility.In fact,build- ing work ethic ()in kids doesn't require military-style drills.Here are four simple and practical ways. Make housework part of the family routine. Involve your child in the daily running of the house:tidying toys,feeding the dog,watering the plants.36 When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth,kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of life. ●37 You can't expect your child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you're complaining about loading the dishwasher.If your child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they're far more likely to do the same. O Build determination through goals. 38 Sometimes you have to help them find their "thing".Set small,achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress,not perfection.The trick is to let them struggle a bit-resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback. O Treat mistakes as opportunities. Few things strike fear into a child's heart like the prospect of failing.The best way is to normali- 製 se mistakes as a natural part of learning.When kids mess up,don't jump in with a rescue mission.39 Teaching kids work ethic is to gently and consistently push them toward responsibility,determi- nation,and pride in their efforts.40 No worry.Those habits you're building now are setting your child up for a lifetime of resilience()and satisfaction. A.The key is consistency. B.Help kids develop analytical skills. C.Model the work ethic you want to see. D.Instead,encourage them to do differently next time. E.Sometimes,a cleaner living room is the best reward. F.Progress can be slow,and you'll wonder if it's all sinking in. G.Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner. Passage2(2026浙江1月卷) 题材 阅读中的回读 体裁说明文 词数230建议用时6难度：l During your initial reading of material,do you ever go back and reread sentences or paragraphs? Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep? 36 You are napping (or daydreaming.Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read.37 Thus,you go back and reread,not because you did not understand, but because you were not paying attention.This type of rereading is called regression. 85 Napping and daydreaming are habits caused by lack of involvement with the material.Be deman- ding on yourself and expect 100 percent attention to the task.Engage your mind.Visualize the in- coming ideas,and relate the new material to what you already know.38 If your mind is truly oc- cupied with the text,you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday. Regression is a crutch (that allows you to make up for wasted time.First of all,become aware of when and why you are regressing.39 Say,"OK.I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else,but I'm going to keep on going and start paying close attention. 40 Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process.How- ever regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time. A.Both are to blame. B.Probably the latter is true. C.Don't just read the words;think the ideas. D.Spend a few minutes reading the material aloud. E.Your eyes were engaged,but your mind was not. F.Then,start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit. G.Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy. Passage3(2025全国一卷) 题材咖啡馆员工的工作日常与奉献精神体裁记叙文 词数311 建议用时 9′ 难度：l An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning?The College Cafe has just that,and more.36 Catherine Murphy,a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat,makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order.She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks.37 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand,she smiles and says,"Hello,how is your day?"Even when the line is getting longer,she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 38 "I do so because I like to make coffee for the students.I know they need it in the morning," Murphy said.Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is.She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious(有感染力)and can be the differ- ence in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her.Joanna Wright, a senior political science major,loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.39 "Catherine always has a huge smile on her face,which always puts me in a cheerful mood,"Wright said. "I enjoy working in the cafe,"Murphy said.40 She has every intention of staying and con- tinuing doing what she loves. A.The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B.She has two children aged eight and four. C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D.After finishing an order,she calls out the name on the cup. E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks,it also serves up smiles. F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G.She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else. Passage4(2024北京卷) 题材 “刺猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思维方式体裁说明文词数332建议用时10'难度： If you want to develop maximum credibility(可信性)，is it better to be a hedgehog(刺猬)ora fox?According to Isaiah Berlin,the hedgehog knows one thing very well,and the fox knows a lot of things. 86 Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other?Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. 35 And they are usually very credible in doing so.According to Jim Hart,the "hedgehog con- cept"is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness.They focus on one thing and do it really well.They figure out what they are good at.36 The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies. 37 Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen.He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes,but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources,and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information.38 They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking.They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don't know. So,which is better?The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.39 The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off.The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog. A.In other words,there are clear advantages for each. B.They are more likely to remember people's mistakes. C.Hence,they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D.But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E.However,hedgehogs remain open to others'reactions and inputs. F.When something is contradictory to their view,they don't treat it as exceptional. G.They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. Passage5(2024浙江1月卷) ..... 题材 在线学习 体裁议论文 词数 252 建议用时 9' 难度：l In the past few years,online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.36 But are all online courses created equal?How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you?37 We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online cour- ses. The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.38 "I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,says graduate student Amanda Bindman.Before choosing to study online,consider whether you're a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going. The tip that comes up most often is simple:build online courses into your weekly schedule,just like what you would do with in-person courses.39 He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.It is so easy to let an online course slide,but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures,read materials and contribute to online discus- sion boards. 40 A social connection is often a big part of learning.There are things you can do to ease this problem.Jessica Pink,an undergraduate student,suggests taking online courses with a friend,so you can motivate each other to stay on track.You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group,or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course con- cepts. A.But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines. B.Your motivation should be your main concern. C.Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D.Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E.The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F.If you take an online course,what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G.A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 87 真题题组·实战集训2] Passage6(2024全国甲卷) 题材 适度饮食 体裁 说明文 词数 250 建议用时9' 难度： What is moderation()?Basically,it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal,but not too full.36 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time.It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.37 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food,so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone,especially in front of the TV or computer,of- ten leads to mindless overeating.And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It's more challeng- ing to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready,like cookies.38 Control emotional()eating.39 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness,loneliness,or boredom.But by learning healthier ways to manage emo- tions,you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 40 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism(新陈代谢)，while eating small,healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.Avoid eating late at night.Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning.Studies suggest that eating only when you're most ac- tive and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A.Eat properly throughout the day. B.We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C.Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D.Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E.Instead,surround yourself with healthy choices. F.For many of us,moderation means eating less than we do now. G.That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. Passage7(2023全国甲卷) 题材 如何成为更有耐心的人 体裁 说明文 词数 297 建议用时 9 难度：l Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person Here's a riddle:What do traffic jams,long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?There's one answer:36. In the Digital Age,we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,research suggests that if we practiced patience,we'd be a whole lot better off.Here are sev- eral tricks. ●Practice gratitude(感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits:Research shows it makes us happier,less stressed and even more optimistic.37."Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,"said Ye Li,researcher at the University of California. ●Make yourself wait Instant gratification()may seem like the most "feel good"option at the time,but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run.And the only way for 88 us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.38.Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.You'll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it to other,more annoying situations. ●39 So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate,and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,we get impatient about the circumstances.You should learn to say to yourself,"40."You'll then gradually become more patient. A.Find your causes B.Start with small tasks C.Accept the uncomfortable D.All this adds up to a state of hurry E.It can also help us practice more patience F.This is merely uncomfortable,not intolerable G.They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience Passage8(2023新课标I卷) 题材 如何自我宽恕 体裁 说明文 词数 321 建议用时 9' 难度： Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step,but don't beat yourself up about them.To err()is human.36 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper,put the heading "Personal strengths".37 Are you caring? Creative?Generous?A good listener?Fun to be around?They don't have to be world-changing,just aspects of your personality that you're proud of. At the top of a second page,put the heading"Acts of kindness".On this one,list all the positive things you've done for others.It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked,or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.38 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.39 That way,you could ex- change thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.In fact,don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this-it's a great way to boost self- confidence at any time. It's something of a cliché（陈词滥调）that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes.The thing is,it's true.40 We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D.It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E.It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. F.Whatever it is,no matter how small it might seem,write it down. G.Whatever the mistake,remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. 89 [真题题组·实战集训3] Passage9(2023新课标Ⅱ卷) 题材开启艺术之旅的好建议 体裁说明文：词数 310 建议用时9'难度：l As an artist who shares her journey on social media,I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey.Unfortunately,there is no magic list I can offer.I do remember,though,what it was like to be a complete beginner.So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small.I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本)for small studies.These small studies pro- vide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.36 You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. Paint often and paint from life.There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles.Whether you paint still lifes,portraits,or landscapes,paint from life as much as possible.37 Continually challenge yourself to try something new.38 Artistic growth can be a bit pain- ful.Welcome to the club;we've all been there.I love taking on challenges.I once took up a chal- lenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. 39 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback()is crucial to growth.I post my work on social media and,in turn,have met some of the kindest people.They make me feel valued and respected,no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you're on won't follow a straight path.40 Push through,give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A.Get out of your comfort zone. B.Make career plans and set goals. C.Don't throw away your beginner art. D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E.You'll hit roadblocks,and you'll feel discouraged at times. F.Evaluate your performance and,if needed,redefine your role. G.You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. Passage10(2023北京卷) 题材 如何选择大学 体裁说明文词数 289建议用时10 难度：l It's a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.35 When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education,they're often surprised that teaching ex- cellence is not counted in rankings.36 Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities,on average,scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.37 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings,however,are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher educa- tion.Administrators often don't view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (or funding.38 Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching,the lower their salary.What is the result?Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures,which lead to lower success rates. 90 39 Nevertheless,not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources,higher rankings and increased enrolments.In the long term,universities,or- ganisations that rank schools,and others should work to make teaching a valued,core part of the mission. What should students and their families do?They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued,even though the schools may be ranked lower. A.Higher education has achieved its true potential. B.Therefore,it's not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C.Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D.However,the rankings ignore a critical factor:the quality of teaching. E.Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F.They're even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G.In fact,universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. Passage11(2023浙江1月卷) 题材 乘火车旅行 体裁说明文词数316建议用时12.5 难度：l With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever,why not book your next domestic vacation on a train?Compared to other alternatives,it's comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead.Most long-distance trains,especially the sleeping car accommodations,sell out very quickly.36 But no matter when you travel,it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. Use a travel agent.Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him doub- le-check all the details,make suggestions,and then handle the actual reservations.A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets.37 Then you won't have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket.When you're riding on trains,you won't be provided with a blanket for free,even if your trip is an overnight one.38 In the summer in particular,the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early.Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week,so miss- ing yours can be a disaster.39 Note:The times listed on the schedules are departure times,not arrival times. Have fun.40 Read a book,knit,do a crossword puzzle,or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.To calculate your speed as you do,divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile,you're going 67.92 mph. A.Train trips aren't for impatient types. B.You'll have views from both sides of the train. C.The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D.That's particularly true during busy summer months. E.You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F.Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G.He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the diner. 91 真题题组·实战集训4] Passage12(2022新高考Ⅱ卷) 题材 写文章的技巧 体裁说明文词数228 建议用时9 难度 Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people.However,the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. 36 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay,put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.Stay loose and free. 37 Don't worry about grammar or spelling.Even though this technique won't work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.38 Yet,by learning to live with imperfection,you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled()paper.Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle-as part of an exploration,not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced(三倍行距)copy to allow space for revi- sion.39 As a result,these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks()of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space.After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore,you can enter your changes into your word processor.40 The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A.Make sure your handwriting is neat. B.Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C.The second draft of the essay should be better. D.First of all,learn the technique of nonstop writing. E.Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F.Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise. G.Then you can print out a fresh draft,again setting your text on triple-space. Passage13(2022浙江卷) 题材 如何充分利用时间 体裁 说明文 词数 314建议用时 10'难度： I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day,and still feel happy and relaxed.1 Pick the most important. 2 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.I chose the life of an adviser be- cause I like to work with companies,but don't want the life of a big company CEO.My choices are based on the lifestyle I want. Combine your activities. Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,family,work,play, 笨 etc.3 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.Build your social life around people in your work environment.Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (around the people and activities you love. ·4 You would think learning takes more time from you,but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up for the most important.Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. ·Lighten up. The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone.Cele- brate progress and keep refining()toward a happy productive existence.5 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way. A.Speed up. B.Be an active learner. C.Stop trying to balance time between them all. D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. 92机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。”可推知， 作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。 27.A推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-re- Pair,你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后 让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式。”可知，约翰工作 的基础是自然可以自我修复。 Passage 6 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石 国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。 2l.D细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone May 26 to September 2) 石体验野生动物(5月26日至9月2日)”和“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics(June5 to August2l)少年护 林员野生动物奥林匹克运动会(6月5日至8月21 日)”与“Canyon Talks at Artist Point(June9 to Septem ber2)在Artist Point的峡谷会谈(6月9日至9月2 日)”以及“Photography Workshops(June 19&.July10) 摄影研讨会(6月19日和7月10日)”可知，四个项目 中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。 22.D细节理解题。根据文章“Canyon Talks at Artist Point(June9 to September2)在Artist Point的峡谷会 谈(6月9日至9月2日)”部分中的“From a classic viewpoint,enjoy Lower Falls,the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (while learning about the area's natural and human history. 一个经典的视角，欣赏下瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色 彩，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史。”可知，在Art- ist Point的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史。 23.B 细节理解题。根据文章“Photography Workshops (June19&.July10)摄影研讨会(6月19日和7月10 日)”部分中的“7/10一Wildflowers&.White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. (7/10一Wildflowers&.White Balance:在奇滕登停车场 的Washburn Trailhead举行。)”可知，7月10日参加镊 影研讨会的将在Washburn Trailhead集合。 Passage 7 [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作者和悉尼 人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。 32.C主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s,a significant thing happened in Sydney,Austral- ia.The city discovered its harbor.(20世纪60年代初， 澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的 港口。)”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市。)”可知，本段主要介绍了悉 尼发展的关键是港口 33.D细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds,a cheerful fellow in his early 30s,pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living.(30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐 的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生。)”、第三段 “I'I miss these old boats(我会想念这些旧船的)”以及 第五段“Catamarans are faster,but they're not so ele- gant,and they're not fun to pilot..(双体船更快，但它们 不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣。)”可知，渡轮领航员 Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。 34.A推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian,told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s,Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finest buildings,(悉尼的官 方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔 向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边， 包括许多最漂亮的建筑。)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为 悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。 35.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“)n the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attrac- tions.I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.(另一方面，同时既年轻 又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻 商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点。)”以及最后一段 “He is right(他说得没错)”可推知，作者赞同Anthony 的观，点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。 3.灾害防范 [语篇解读」这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1991年 9月7日，加拿大历史上损失最大的冰雹袭击了卡尔加里 的南郊。因此，自1996年以来，一组保险公司每年在艾伯 塔省冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元。飞机在威胁人们 安全的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危 险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下。但是，在艾伯塔省中东部的 农民们担心，“冰雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被 人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷走。 28.B细节理解题。根据第一段中“As a result,since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones..(因此，自l996 年以来，一组保险公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制项目 上花费约200万美元。飞机在威胁人们安全的风暴中 心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹 之前像雨一样落下。)”可知，这个项目的目标是防止冰 雹的形成。 29.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“But farmers in east-cen tral Alberta-downwind of the hail project flights-wor- ry that precious moisture()is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.(但是，在艾伯塔 省中东部的农民们担心，‘冰雹计划’飞行的下风处，宝 贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷走。)” 可知，艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目。 30.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“()ne doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell,a research scientist who just retired from the University of Okla- homa.'In 1999,I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风)form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,, Dr.Doswell says.Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind?No one really knows,of course,but the seeding goes on..'(查克·多 斯韦尔是一位刚刚从俄克拉何马大学退休的研究科学 家，他对人工降雨的安全性持怀疑态度。‘1999年，我 在堪萨斯州亲眼目睹了由于在风暴中心播撒而形成的 重大龙卷风，’多斯韦尔博士说。 ‘人工降雨会制造致 命风暴还是减少顺风处的水分？当然，没有人真正知 道，但是播撒还在继续。)”可推知，多斯韦尔博士提到 他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了提示人工降雨可能带 来的危险。 3l.D推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given the degree of doubt,Mr.Stienwand suggests,'it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.'In practice,doubt has had the op- posite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concern- ing their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.Hence,private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. (考虑到质疑的程度，斯廷旺德建议，‘停止人工降雨是 明智的。’在实践中，怀疑产生了相反的效果。由于缺 乏有关其影响的科学证据，没有人成功地赢得了对人 工降雨公司的诉讼。因此，私人气候工程可以在相对 合法的安全条件下进行。)”可推知，从最后一段我们能 推断出人工降雨公司将继续存在。 第二部分阅读理解七选五 主题1生活、学习与工作 Passage I 「语篇解读文章介绍了四种从小培养孩子劳动品质的 实用方法」 36.A根据空前“Involve your child in the daily running of the house:tidying toys,feeding the dog,watering the plants.(让孩子参与家庭日常事务：整理玩具、喂狗、浇 花。)”以及空后“When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth,kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of life.(当做家务变得像刷牙 一样常规化，孩子就会从内心认同做家务是生活的一 部分。)”可知，前文给出具体家务内容，后文强调把家 务固化成日常习惯，能让孩子形成观念，想要实现这个 转变，核心要素就是持之以恒。A选项“The key is con sistency.(关键在于持之以恒。)”，句中consistency对应 后文routine,,点明坚持常态化做家务是养成习惯的核 心逻辑。 37.C分析文章结构，该空为本段小标题，其余小标题均 为筒洁祈使句；根据本段后文“You can't expect your child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you're complaining about loading the dishwasher.If your child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done,they're far more likely to do the same. 能指望孩子满怀热情地处理自己的任务，而你自己却 在抱怨把洗碗机里的碗碟摆好。如果你的孩子看到你 享受工作、并为自己出色完成的事情感到自豪，他们就 更有可能也这样做。)”可知，整段核心是家长自身行为 会被孩子模仿，家长要做好榜样。C选项“Model the work ethic you want to see,(树立你想看到的劳动榜 样。)”概括本段内容，适合做小标题。 38.G本段小标题是“Build determination through goals. (借助目标培养意志力。)”。根据空后“Sometimes you have to help them find their 'thing',Set small,achiev- able goals together with them and celebrate progress, not perfection.The trick is to let them struggle a bit- resist the urge to help fix things the moment they expe- rience a setback.(有时你需要帮孩子找到适合自己的 事。和他们一起设定容易达成的小目标，看重进步而 非完美。诀窍是让他们适当经历磨砺，不要一遇到挫 折就立刻帮忙解决问题。)”可知，后文提出需要借助外 力、设定小目标来锻炼意志力，反向说明孩子天生意志 力参差不齐，不是所有人天生意志力都很强。G选项 "Not every child is born with the willpower of a mara- thon runner.(并非每个孩子生来都拥有马拉松运动员 那般强大的意志力。)”解释了为什么需要靠目标培养 毅力，前后因果通顺，且与本段主题一致。 39.D根据空前“When kids mess up,don't jump in with a rescue mission.(孩子搞砸事情时，不要立刻出手包揽 补救。)”可知，建议家长孩子出现问题不要立刻出手包 揽补救，后文需要给出对应的正向替代方案。D选项 "Instead,encourage them to do differently next time. (取而代之，鼓励他们下次换一种方式处理。)”中Instead 承接前文不插手的做法，给出引导孩子自主修正错误的具 体方式，符合语境。 40.F根据空后“No worry,Those habits you're building now are setting your child up for a lifetime of resilience (韧性)and satisfaction.(不必担心。你当下正在培养 的这些习惯，会让孩子终身拥有抗挫折能力与成就 感。)”可知，No worry是安慰语气，说明空格处必然是 家长会产生的顾虑。F选项“Progress can be slow,and you'll wonder if it's all sinking in..(进步速度可能很慢， 你会疑惑孩子究竞有没有真正理解。)”提出家长的焦 虑疑惑，后文紧接着进行安抚解释，符合语境。 Passage 2 「语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍阅读中因打 瞌睡导致的回读现象，分析原因并给出专注阅读、克服该 习惯的建议。 36.B根据上文“Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are a- sleep?(是因为材料太难，第一次读不懂，还是因为你打 瞌睡了？)”以及下文“You are napping(打盹)or daydreaming.(你在打盹或做白日梦。)”可知，此处应 承接上文的两个疑问，明确更可能是后者（打瞌睡）的 情况，B选项“Probably the latter is true.(可能后者是 对的。)”中的the latter指代上文because you are a- sleep,与下文的打盹、做白日梦相呼应，符合语境。故 选B项。 37.E根据上文“Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read.(读到页面中间， 你意识到自己根本不知道读了什么。)”以及下文 "Thus,you go back and reread,not because you did not understand,but because you were not paying atten- tion.(因此，你回去重读，不是因为你不懂，而是因为你 没有集中注意力。)”可知，此处应体现眼睛在看但大脑 没专注的状态，E选项“Your eyes were engaged,but your mind was not.(你的眼睛在看，但你的大脑没有 投入。)”既解释了为什么不知道读了什么，又为下文 “没集中注意力”的原因做铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。 38.C根据上文“Engage your mind.Visualize the incom ing ideas,and relate the new material to what you al- ready know.(集中注意力。想象即将接收的观，点，并 将新材料与你已有的知识联系起来。)”以及下文“If your mind is truly occupied with the text,you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday.(如果你的大脑真的专注于文本，你就不会去 想周五晚上或周六去哪里。)”可知，此处应强调阅读时 要思考观点而非只看文字，C选项“Don't just read the words;think the ideas,.(不要只看文字，要思考其中的 观点。)”与上文Engage your mind和下文mind is truly occupied with the text相呼应，符合语境。故选C项。 39.F根据上文“First of all,become aware of when and why you are regressing,(首先，要意识到自己何时以及 为何会回读。)”以及下文“Say,‘OK,I missed that par agraph because I was thinking of something else,but I'm going to keep on going and start paying close atten- tion.’(比如，‘好的。我因为想别的事情错过了那一 段，但我会继续读下去，并开始集中注意力。’)”可知， 此处应体现意识到回读原因后，要拒绝回读以打破习 惯，F选项“Then,start denying yourself the right in or der to break the habit.(然后，开始拒绝自己回读的权 利，以打破这个习惯。)”中的Then承接上文First of all,denying yourself the right与下文keep on going相 呼应，符合语境。故选F项。 40.G根据下文“Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process.However, regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time,(善于监控自己理解程度的优秀读者会在阅读过 程中使用它。然而，因为打瞌睡而回读是浪费时间。)” 可知，此处应区分两种回读，强调因不懂而回读是合理 的，G选项“Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy,(因为不懂而回读是一种 合理的补救策略。)”中的Rereading because you did not understand与下文regressing because your mind was a sleep形成对比，reasonable fix-up strategy与下文use it in the reading process相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。 Passage 3 「语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖 啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳·墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑 为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人 之处。 36.E根据上文“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning?The College Cafe has just that,and more,(课间需要休息或早上快速提神？ 大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖 啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项 "Not only does this cafe serve up drinks,it also serves up smiles..(这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)” 通过“Not only,,also.,.”结构，既承接“drinks'”,又引 出下文核心一墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。 37.D根据上文“She goes back and forth between ma chines to make the drinks,(她在机器之间来回制作饮 品。)”及下文“As the customer grabs the drink from her hand,she smiles and says,'Hello,how is your day?' 8 Even when the line is getting longer,she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.(当顾客从 她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：‘你好，今天过得怎么 样？’即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响到她真诚 的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。 D选项“After finishing an order,she calls out the name on the cup.(完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)” 中的“finishing an order'”衔接“make the drinks”,“calls out the name”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作一叫 号一交付”的完整流程。 38.C根据上文“Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. (墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上 班。)”及下文“I do so because I like to make coffee for the students.(我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖 啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。 C选项“Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early,(有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服 务。)”中的“arrives early”补充了“准时上班”之外的主 动性，“serve the students early”呼应“like to make cof- fee for the students”,展现其敬业精神。 39.F根据上文“Joanna Wright,a senior political science major,loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.(乔安娜·赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热 爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文“‘Cth erine always has a huge smile on her face,which always puts me in a cheerful mood,’Wright said..(赖特说‘凯 瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。)”可推知， 设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F选项“Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for clss.(去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做 好准备。)”中的“starts her day off good”解释了“每周去 六天”的动机，且“cheerful mood”与墨菲的微笑服务形 成因果关系。 40.G根据下文“She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.(她完全打算留下来， 继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工 作的长期投入。G选项“She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else,(她已经 在这里服务了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的 “17 years'”凸显服务年限之长，“can't imagine working any where else”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“staying" 形成直接呼应。 Passage 4 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有“刺 猬”型思维方式和“孤狸”型思雏方式的两类人对于个人和 企业建立信誉度的优劣势。 35.G根据上文“Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes..” 可知，拥有“刺猬”型思雏方式的人倾向于给出肯定的 答案，G项中They指代上文中的Hedgehog,G项“他 们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立 场。”说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人往往有明确的立 场，承接上文，符合语境。 36.C根据上文“They focus on one thing and do it really well.They figure out what they are good at..”可知，拥 有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备优点，他们可以专注于 一件事并知道自己擅长什么。C项“因此，他们的优势 是（头脑）清楚和自信。”进一步说明拥有“刺猬”型思维 方式的人的优点，承接上文，符合语境。 37.D根据下文“He has found that hedgehogs are not on ly wrong more often than foxes,but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when e- vents do not match their predictions,”可知，此处介绍拥 有“刺猬”型思雏方式的人的缺点。D项“但是，把注意 力集中在一件大事上可能会有不利的一面。”引出下 文，介绍拥有“刺猬”型思雏方式的人具备缺点，符合 语境。 38.F根据上文“The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources,and are comfortable with un- certainty and new information,”和下文“They try to in clude it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking.”可知，此处介绍拥有“狐狸”型思维方式 的人处理事情的方式。F项“当某件事与他们的观点相 矛盾时，他们不会把它当作例外。”承上启下，符合 语境。 39.A根据上文“The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.”和下文“The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off.”可知，拥有“刺 猬”型思雏方式的人和拥有“孤狸”型思雏方式的人各 有优势。A项“换句话说，两者都有其明显的优势。”承 上启下，符合语境。 Passage 5 [语篇解读]这是一篇议论文。本文探讨了在线学习在 高等教育中的重要性，分析了其优势和面临的挑战，并提 出了有效管理在线学习的建议。 36.G由上文“In the past few years,online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience,.(在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生 活的重要组成部分。)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很重要， 本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G选项 "A survey found that 29 percent of college students regis- tered for online courses.(一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册 了在线课程。)”能承接上文，符合题意。 37.F由上文“But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you？(但是所有的在线课程都是平等的吗？你如何确 定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑 问，本空可以继续提出疑问，故F选项“If you take an online course,what can you do to ensure the best possi- ble grade?(如果你参加了在线课程，你能做些什么来 确保尽可能好的成绮？)”能承接上文，符合题意。 38.A由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (在线学习最明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习。)”可 知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本 空要说跟“学习时间”有关的话题，故A选项“But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines..(但这并不意味着 没有最后期限。)”与上文构成转折关系，that指代上一 句话，符合题意。 39.D由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.(他指出，他的在线学生最终 的成绩通常较低。)”可知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关 的话题，故D选项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.(Alex Davidson 亲自授课和在线授课。)”能引起下文，下文中的He指 代D项中的“Alex Davidson教授”，符合题意。 40.E由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning.There are things you can do to ease this prob- lem.Jessica Pink,an undergraduate student,suggests taking online courses with a friend,so you can motivate each other to stay on track.You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts,.(社会关系通常是学习的重要 组成部分。你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。本科 生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线课程，这样 你们就可以互相激励，坚持下去。你也可以在课堂讨 论板上找到学生，组织一个学习小组，或者安排与教授 面对面的会议，讨论课程概念。)”可知，本空要说跟“人 们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E选项“The chief com plaint about online courses is that they lack human in- teraction.(对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人 之间的互动。)”能引起下文，符合题意。 Passage 6 [语篇解读]本文介绍适度饮食，体现了主题语境中的人 与自我 36.F前文提到，适度饮食意味着只吃身体需要的食物， 餐后感觉满足但不过量。选项F“对我们大多数人来 说，适度意味着比现在吃得少。”进一步解释了适度饮 食的含义，符合语境。 37.C前文提到，吃饭时要慢下来，并把食物看作是营养 而不仅仅是填饱肚子的东西。选项C“不要在去工作的 路上吞下饭。”提醒人们不要匆忙吃饭，符合语境。 38.E前文提到，在电脑或电视前独自进食容易导致无意 识的暴饮暴食，建议谨慎选择随手可得的食物。选项E “相反，要让自己周围都是健康的选择。”提供了一个具 体的建议，帮助避免暴饮暴食，符合语境。 39.B前文提到，情绪进食需要控制。选项B“我们并不总 是为了满足饥饿而吃。”解释了为什么人们会进行情绪 进食，符合语境。 40.A前文提到，通过学习更健康的情绪管理方法，可以 控制饮食和情绪。选项A“一天中要合理饮食。”提供了 合理饮食的建议，与下文内容紧密衔接，进一步说明了 健康饮食的重要性，符合语境。 Passage 7 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐 心的一些方法。 36.G根据上文“Here's a riddle:What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common？There's one answer:这里有一个问题：交通堵 塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只 有一个”可知，本句说明上文问题的答案，结合“交通堵 塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故 G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心” 符合语境。 37.E根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits:Re search shows it makes us happier,less stressed and even more optimistic.感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩 让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观。”以及后文 “‘Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,’said Ye Li,researcher at the University of California. 大学的研究员叶丽说：‘表达感激可以培养自我控制能 力。’”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继 续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐 心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它 还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境。 38.B根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice,我们养成等待习惯的唯 一方法就是练习。”以及后文“Put off watching your fa vorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周 末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕。”可知，后文列举 的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待， 故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境。 39.C根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate,and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,we get impatient about the circumstances. 中的许多人都认为舒造是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当 我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐 心”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态， 结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接 受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文com fortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境。 40,F根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself你应 该学会对自己说…”以及后文“You'Il then gradually become more patient,.然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心。”结 合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句与对自 己所说的话和接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不 舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境。 19 Passage 8 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自 我宽恕，通过列出个人的优，点和善良的行为，人们可以学 会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。 36.D根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step,but don't beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错)is human.为错误承担责任是积极的一 步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。”可知，作者认为 人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此 而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.你可以使用下面的 写作练习来帮助你做到这一，点。”中的“do this'”以及下 文内容可推断，空处内容应该和“不要太自责”相似。 选项D“It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness..宽恕自己也同样重要。”与“不要太自责”语 意相近，起承上启下的作用 37.B根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading‘Personal strengths'.在日记或纸上写 上‘个人优点'。”以及空后内容“Are you caring?Crea tive?Generous?A good listener?Fun to be around? They don't have to be world-changing,just aspects of your personality that you're proud of..你有爱心吗？有 创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很 有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中有让你感 到自豪的方面就行。”可知，空处指的是列出你个性中的 些优，点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。” 承上启下，下文内容具体解释哪些是优点。 38.F根据上文内容“At the top of a second page,put the heading 'Acts of kindness'.On this one,list all the positive things you've done for others.It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked,or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 在第二页的顶部，写上‘善举’的标题。在这张单子上 列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你 帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣 服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时 候。”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好 事。选项F“Whatever it is,no matter how small it might seem,write it down,不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都 要把它写下来。”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的 事情有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。 39.C 根据空后内容“That way,you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the as- pects of your personality that shine through.这样，你们 就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不 同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。”可知，空处提到了某 种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。 选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise..他们甚至可能想试着练习一下。”符合语境，C 项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or fami- ly member to help add to your list..你可以让朋友或家 人帮你增加你的列表内容。”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact,don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this-it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.事实上，不要 等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个一这是一个在任何时 候都能增强自信的好方法。”中的“this”一致。 40.G根据空前内容“It's something of a cliche(陈词滥 )that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes..The thing is,it's true,大多数人不是从 他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈 词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。”可知，作者认为人是从 错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake,remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.不管你犯了什 么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。”符合语境 G项中的“isn't a fixed aspect of your personality”和空 后内容“We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.我们一 直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方 式。”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一 面，我们是通过错误来成长。 Passage 9 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些开始 艺术之旅的好建议。 36.C根据前文“Start small,.I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本)for small studies.These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future,从小开始。我建议使用一个素描 本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可 以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板。”以及 后文“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come,你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之 旅，看看自己己经取得多少进步。”可知，空处应是一个 过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学 习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don't throw away your beginner art.不要扔掉你的初学时的 艺术作品。”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系」 37.G分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文 "Paint often and paint from life.There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles.Whether you paint still lifes,portraits,or landscapes,paint from life as much as possible,经常作画，且从生活中作 画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。 无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真 实生活中去观察和绘制。”可知，本段主要讲述不断练 习绘画，所以G项“You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition,你会逐渐形成 只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画自动记忆。”是对前 文的总结。 38.A分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句 的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new,不断挑战自 己，尝试新事物。”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful..艺术的成长可能会有，点痛苦。”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone.走出你的舒适区。”是对前句 的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。 39.D分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文 “Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈)is crucial to growth.I post my work on social media and, in turn,have met some of the kindest people.They make me feel valued and respected,no matter my level of artistic ability.寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你 的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并 因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如 何，他们都让我感受到了重视和尊重。”可知，本段主要 讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.如果你感觉舒适的话， 分享你的作品。”符合文意，是本段的中心句。 40.E分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句 的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The jour ney you're on won't follow a straight path.你的旅程不 会是一条笔直的道路。”以及后文“Push through,give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the re- wards of an artistic life..坚持下去，给它时间，付出努 力。你将收获艺术生活的回报。”可知，E项“You'll hit roadblocks,and you'll feel discouraged at times. 遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁。”是对前句的进一步说 明，和后文构成顺承关系。 Passage 10 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择 高校提供了一些建议。 35.D根据空前内容“It's a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. 19 Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一 年中既快乐又紧张的时刻，因为他们要决定去哪里上 大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可 知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常 求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging re- search suggests that courses in lower-ranked universi- ties,on average,scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities,(最新的研究表明，排名 较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较 高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名 方面出现的问题。选项D“However,the rankings ig nore a critical factor:the quality of teaching,(然而，排 名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容， 指出大学排名存在的问题：而根据下文内容也可以推 断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。 36.F根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education,they're often surprised that teach- ing excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研 究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常 惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可 知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让 人们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They're even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他 们惊讶的是，大学竞然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文 内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“more surprised”和上文的“surprised'”保持一致。 37.G空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities,on average,scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面 的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后 内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rank ings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success.Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes,.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系， 排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学 成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没 有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact,universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)” 与上下文内容相一致。 38.B根据空前内容“Rankings,however,are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.Administrators often don't view teaching ex- cellence as a way to increase enrolment or fun- ding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低 的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加 入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不 被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项B "Therefore,it's not highly valued in hiring or promo- ion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内 容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为 增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘 和晋升中不受重视。 39.E此处是站在大学的角度，提出如何把教学当成他们 的首要核心任务。本题应在其后一句基础上进行反 推，分析选项可知，E项“Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.”符合此处的 语境，即，在大学层面，最近出现了改进教学的努力。 该句和后句之间形成转折，旨在说明促使教学成为核 心任务的艰巨性和重要性。 Passage 11 [语篇解读]文章主要就如何使乘火车旅行尽可能愉快 提供了一些建议。 36.D根据上文“Plan ahead.Most long-distance trains,es pecially the sleeping car accommodations,sell out very quickly.”可知，提前计划。大多数长途火车（票），尤其 是卧铺（票），很快就会卖光；根据下文“But no matter when you travel,it's a good idea to make your reserva- tions at least90 days in advance.”可知，但无论你什么 时候去旅行，至少提前90天预订都是一个好主意。D 项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此”承上启下，符合语境。 37.G根据上文“Use a travel agent.”和“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets..”可知，一个好的 旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票；根据下文“Then you won't have to walk through several cars on a mov- ing train three times a day for your meals,”可知，这样 你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过好 几节车厢了。G项“他可能还会给你预订正好在餐车 旁边的卧铺车厢”承上启下，符合语境。 38.C根据上文“When you're riding on trains,you won't be provided with a blanket for free,even if your trip is an overnight one,.”可知，当你乘坐火车时，即使你的旅 行是过夜的，你（也）不会免费获得一条毯子；根据下文 "In the summer in particular,the air conditioning can make them quite cold..”可知，尤其是在夏天，空调会让 它们（车厢里）很冷。C项“列车上的温度通常难以控 制”承上启下，符合语境。 39.E根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week,so missing yours can be a disaster.”可知，大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火 车一周只开三趟，所以错过你（要乘坐）的火车可能是 一场灾难；根据下文“Note:The times listed on the schedules are departure times,not arrival times..”可知， 注意：时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时 间。E项“你可能不得不等超过24小时才能赶上下一 班（火车）”承上启下，符合语境。 40.A根据下文“Read a book,knit,do a crossword puz zle,or simply watch the world unfold outside the win- dow.To calculate your speed as you do,divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance be- tween two mileposts).”可知，读一本书、织毛衣、做个填 字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。要计算你的速度， 用3600（一小时的秒数）除以你走一英里（两个站，点之 间的距离)所花费的秒数。A项“火车旅行不适合没有 耐心的人”引出下文，符合语境。 [长难句分析]When you're riding on trains,you won'tbe provided with a blanket for free,even if your trip is an overnight one.（第四段第二句) 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。When引导时间状语从 句：even if引导让步状语从句。 译文：当你乘坐火车时，即使你的旅行是过夜的，你（也） 不会免费获得一条毯子。 Passage 12 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的 技巧。 36.D空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay,put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen mi- nutes without letting your pen leave the paper..(当你第 一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写 10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的 是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all,learn the technique of nonstop writing,(首先，学习不间断写作的 技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句。 37.B空前说“Stay loose and free,(保持宽松和自由。)”， 空后说“Don't worry about grammar or spelling.(不要 担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写， 自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己 的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境。 38.E空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.(F- 1 技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说 "Yet,by learning to live with imperfection,you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled(弄皱)paper.(然而，通过学习与不完美共 存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸 篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草 稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your drft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不 合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启 下，符合语境。 39.F空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced(三倍行距)copy to allow space for revi- sio,(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修 改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise,(许多初来乍到的作者没 有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revi sion”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的 “Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互 呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境。 40.G空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore,you can enter your changes into your word processor,(当你修改你的草稿 直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改 输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.(由此产生的空白允许 你修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该 做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space,(然后你可以打 印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的 是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因 此G选项承上启下，符合语境 Passage 13 [语篇解读]文章主要介绍了如何充分利用时间。 l.F根据上文“】have the same24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day,and still feel happy and re- laxed.”可知，“我”和你一样，一天有同样的24小时，但 “我”做出了明确的选择，让“我”充分利用每一天并仍然 感到快乐和放松：根据下文小标题可知，下文就如何充 分利用每一天给出了几，点建议。F项“也许这些建议会 帮助你充分利用你的时间”承上启下，符合语境。 2.D根据本段小标题“Pick the most important..”可知，选 择最重要的（事情）；根据下文“Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.”可知，把时间集中花 费在那些对你来说有趣且富有成效的事情上。D项“选 择你生活中有意义的事情”承上启下，符合语境。 3.C根据上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,family,work,play,etc." 可知，许多人执著于想要弄清楚如何在朋友、家庭、工作 和娱乐等方面花费时间：根据下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner,”可知，找到以一种结合的方 式来享受它们的方法。C项“不要试图平衡在它们之间 各自（花费）的时间”承上启下，符合语境。 4.B此处是本段的小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you,but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up for the most important.Al- ways be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there,.”可知，你会认为学习会花费你更多的时间，但 实际上总有一些做事情的新方法可以让你在日常事务 上节省时间，让你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。总是寻 找在不同场合赚回一个小时的新方法。B项“做一个活 跃的学习者”符合语境，适合做本段的小标题。 5.G根据上文“Celebrate progress and keep refining to ward a happy productive existence.”可知，庆祝进步并不 断改进，以获得快乐而富有成效的生活；根据下文“Every 02 completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way. 可知，每一次完成都是一次聚沙成塔的小胜利。G项 “这就是列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”承 上启下，符合语境。 主题2社会交往与文化交流 Passage [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人工智能如何 从个性化游览、文物保护、教育互动等方面全方位重塑博 物馆体验，同时也探讨了相关的伦理挑战。 36.C前文提到人工智能为博物馆带来了个性化游览、保 护藏品、挖掘故事等改变，C项“In short,Al is redefin ing the museum in all respects..”是对上文的总结：简言 之，人工智能正从方方面面重新定义博物馆，并且引出 下文的分述，起到承上启下的作用。故选C 37.F设空后文提到“These digital assistants engage visi- tors in dynamic conversations'”,F项“Furthermore,A powered virtual guides are replacing traditional tour guides.”引出了“AI虚拟导游”这一数字助手，前后呼 应，故选F。 38.A设空前提到“A】能识别人眼看不到的文物破损痕 迹”；设空后提到“人工智能能够助力博物馆采取预防 性保护措施，完善文物保存养护方案”。分析选项可 知，A项“This capability allows for timely restoration.” 承接上文，说明凭借这一技术能力，相关修复工作得以 及时开展，故选A 39.D本段的核心意思是“A】可以提升博物馆的教育价 值”，分析选项可知，D项“It tailors learning experiences to different age groups and learning styles.”与设空后的 "Al can adjust their content and difficulty level based on the user's preferences and responses”呼应，说明AI能 定制不同的学习体验，故选D。 40.B设空前提到“AI带来伦理挑战”，设空后提到“Strict policies should be established to protect visitors'infor- mation（应当制定严格规章制度，保护参观者的个人信 息。)”，分析选项可知，B项“Visitor data collection also raises privacy issues,”衔接了“伦理问题”与“信息保 护”，起到了承上启下的作用，故选B。 Passage 2 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共 同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕 促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭 互动等。 36.B根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together?Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults?(你在寻找让 家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参 与的爱好吗？)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活 动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Voluntee- ring as a family may be just the thing you need. 一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的。)”中的“Volunteering as a family”直接回应“bring your family together'”和 “shared hobby”,引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体 说明，符合语境。 37.G根据段落主题句“You'll feel like you have more time.(你会觉得自己有更多时间。)”及上文“Yet,re search has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. (然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会 让你觉得自己拥有更多时间。)”可推知，设空处需解释 “感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day,(志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利 用每一天。)”中的“makes you feel capable'”和“inspires you to make the most of each day'”从心理层面解释了为 何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like you have more time”形成因果关联。 38.E根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. 193 (华盛顿大学研究发现，55岁及以上的成年人中，参与 志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更 长久地雏持整体健康状态。)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动 对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“For adults,volun- teering can provide significant physical health benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益 处。)”中的“For adults'”对应“adults55 and older”, “physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和 “maintained overall health”,与本段的主题吻合。 39.C 根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as im- proved grades and increased self-confidence.These effects aren't just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen's well--being in the years to come,.(青少年 时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相 关，例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是 短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年 的身心健康。)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的 长期影响。C选项“Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers..(志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身 影响。)”中的“lifelong effect'”对应“affect a teen's well- being in the years to come'”,“on kids and teenagers”覆 盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。 40.F根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经 历。)”及下文“Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. (每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联 系。)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的 具体互动。F选项“You may even learn that your kid has talent you didn't know about before.(你甚至可能 会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋。)”中的“learn that your kid has talent'”体现“Everyone brings some- thing unique”,且“in a new way'”对应“发现孩子未知天 赋”的新颖体验，衔接上下文。 Passage 3 语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了成年 人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年 人方面的责任。 35.G由上文“As Alice Black points out,today's parents fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and,thus,confident in themselves.Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book,The Life Cycle,mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery.Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这 加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他 们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Robert Turner在他的 著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学 习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这 个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G 选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense of in security,(当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全 感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的 后果。 36.E由上文“But Turner's other cycles are just as impor tant,(但Turner的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文 "If these life cycles are delayed,interrupted,or denied you feel incapable of accessing your states of self,con trolling unpleasant feelings,and manipulating the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world.(如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会 觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不谕快的情绪， 也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空 应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identi- ty.(它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承 上启下，符合题意。