Unit 4 Changing and Growing2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册暑假预习讲义

仁爱版英语八年级上册 · 暑假预习 Unit 4 Changing and Growing 仁爱版英语八年级上册 · 暑假预习讲义 01 课前导学 Big Question: How do challenges help us grow? 挑战怎样帮助我们成长？ 关键词 内容 学习目标 掌握成长、压力与校园生活词汇；会使用过去进行时；掌握 -ful/-less 构词；能谈论成长问题、提出解决办法并叙述过去经历。 学习重点 过去进行时；-ful/-less；人物变化；成长问题及建议。 学习难点 过去进行时与一般过去时配合；when/while 引导的时间状语从句。 02 核心词汇 1. sense n. 感觉；感官 词形/搭配：five senses 2. stress n. 压力 词形/搭配：deal with stress 3. regret v. 后悔 词形/搭配：regret doing 4. speech n. 演讲 词形/搭配：give a speech 5. touch n. 联系 词形/搭配：keep in touch 6. argument n. 争论 词形/搭配：argue v. 7. problem n. 问题 词形/搭配：solve a problem 8. solution n. 解决办法 词形/搭配：a solution to 9. confident adj. 自信的 词形/搭配：confidence n. 10. careful adj. 仔细的 词形/搭配：careless adj. 11. helpful adj. 有帮助的 词形/搭配：helpless adj. 12. hopeful adj. 充满希望的 词形/搭配：hopeless adj. 13. fearless adj. 无畏的 词形/搭配：fear n. 14. experience n. 经历；经验 词形/搭配：experienced adj. 15. change n./v. 变化 词形/搭配：change into 16. grow v. 成长 词形/搭配：growth n. 17. memory n. 回忆 词形/搭配：memorable adj. 18. improve v. 改善 词形/搭配：improvement n. 19. support n./v. 支持 词形/搭配：supportive adj. 20. challenge n. 挑战 词形/搭配：face a challenge 03 核心短语 1. regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 2. take a deep breath 深吸一口气 3. have a try 尝试一下 4. give a speech 发表演讲 5. keep in touch with 与……保持联系 6. get along with 与……相处 7. take place 发生；进行 8. deal with 处理；解决 9. sign up for 报名参加 10. advise sb. to do 建议某人做 11. in public 在公共场合 12. little by little 渐渐地 04 重点句型 1. I was doing my homework at eight last night. 昨晚八点我正在做作业。 2. While I was preparing for the speech, my friend helped me. 我准备演讲时，朋友帮助了我。 3. When the teacher came in, we were discussing the problem. 老师进来时，我们正在讨论问题。 4. I used to be shy, but now I am more confident. 我过去害羞，但现在更自信。 5. Taking a deep breath can help you calm down. 深呼吸能帮助你冷静。 6. My teacher advised me to have a try. 老师建议我试一试。 7. Little by little, I learned to speak in public. 渐渐地，我学会了公开发言。 8. Every challenge is a chance to grow. 每次挑战都是成长的机会。 05 语法精讲与考点梳理 考点1：过去进行时 结构：was/were + doing，表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。时间标志常有 at that time, at eight yesterday, while 等。 【定义】过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 【结构公式】肯定：主语 + was/were + doing；否定：wasn’t/weren’t + doing；疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + doing? 【用法分类】表示过去特定时刻正在发生；表示两个过去动作同时进行；为另一个突然发生的短动作提供背景。 【要点详解】at eight yesterday 等明确过去时刻常与过去进行时连用；状态动词一般不用进行时；注意 was/were 与主语一致。 考点2：when 与 while when 后可接短动作或长动作；while 通常接延续性动作，常用过去进行时。常见结构：While A was doing, B was doing；When B did, A was doing。 【定义】when 和 while 都可引导时间状语从句，但强调的动作长度不同。 【结构公式】When + 一般过去时，主句过去进行时；While + 过去进行时，主句一般过去时或过去进行时。 【用法分类】when 常连接短动作与背景动作；while 强调一段时间内正在进行的动作或两个动作同时发生。 【要点详解】不能只凭连接词机械判断时态，要根据动作是否持续和句意判断；while 后通常不用瞬间动词的进行时。 考点3：一般过去时与过去进行时 一般过去时强调动作发生并完成；过去进行时强调当时正在进行的背景动作。例：The phone rang while I was reading。 【方法】一般过去时强调动作发生并完成；过去进行时强调当时正在进行的背景动作。例：The phone rang while I was reading。 【训练建议】先定位关键词和句子功能，再结合上下文验证答案。 考点4：后缀 -ful 与 -less -ful 表示“充满……的”：helpful, careful, hopeful；-less 表示“没有……的”：helpless, careless, hopeless。两者通常构成形容词。 【方法】-ful 表示“充满……的”：helpful, careful, hopeful；-less 表示“没有……的”：helpless, careless, hopeless。两者通常构成形容词。 【训练建议】先定位关键词和句子功能，再结合上下文验证答案。 考点5：核心词汇精讲 1. stress n. 压力 【搭配/词形】deal with stress 【例句】Taking a deep breath is a simple way to reduce stress. 2. regret v. 后悔 【搭配/词形】regret doing 【例句】I regret arguing with my best friend. 3. confident adj. 自信的 【搭配/词形】confidence n. 【例句】She became more confident after the speech. 4. helpful adj. 有帮助的 【搭配/词形】helpless adj. 【例句】My teacher gave me some helpful advice. 5. challenge n. 挑战 【搭配/词形】face a challenge 【例句】The competition was a challenge, but I learned a lot. 6. improve v. 改善 【搭配/词形】improvement n. 【例句】Practice helped me improve my speaking skills. 考点6：主题写作 请以 Growing in the Past Year 为题写一篇 80 词左右的短文，描述一次困难、你采取的行动以及自己的变化。 【结构公式】开头点题 + 主体列举两至三个具体信息 + 结尾表达感受、价值或计划。 06 重点归纳 1. 过去进行时 was/were + doing，强调过去正在进行。 2. when/while 短动作常用 when；延续性动作常用 while。 3. 构词法 名词 + -ful/-less 构成意义相反的形容词。 4. 成长叙事 过去问题—关键事件—行动—变化与感悟。 07 过关检测 一、单项选择（共10题） 1. I ______ a speech at eight yesterday evening. A. prepared B. was preparing C. prepare D. am preparing 2. While she ______, the phone rang. A. studied B. studies C. was studying D. is studying 3. When the teacher came in, we ______. A. talked B. were talking C. talk D. will talk 4. Be ______ when you cross the street. A. careful B. careless C. care D. carefully 5. The advice was very ______ to me. A. help B. helpful C. helpless D. helping 6. I regret ______ those unkind words. A. say B. to say C. saying D. said 7. Please keep in touch ______ your old friends. A. to B. with C. at D. for 8. She signed up ______ the speech competition. A. at B. to C. for D. on 9. My teacher advised me ______ again. A. try B. trying C. to try D. tried 10. ______ by little, he became confident. A. Few B. Small C. Less D. Little 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（共8题） 1. We ______ (read) when the lights went out. 2. What ______ you ______ (do) at that time? 3. Her words were very ______ (help). 4. Don’t be ______ (care) with your schoolwork. 5. I regretted ______ (argue) with my friend. 6. This experience helped me build ______ (confident). 7. While Dad was cooking, I ______ (set) the table. 8. The teacher’s advice was very ______ (use). 三、完成句子（共6题） 1. 昨晚八点我正在准备演讲。 I was preparing for the speech at ______ ______ ______ 2. 老师进来时，我们正在讨论问题。 We were discussing the problem when the ______ ______ ______ 3. 我做作业时，妈妈正在读书。 While I was doing my homework, my ______ ______ ______ 4. 老师建议我报名参加演讲比赛。 The teacher advised me to sign up for ______ ______ ______ 5. 渐渐地，我学会了在公共场合讲话。 Little by little, I learned to ______ ______ ______ 6. 这次经历帮助我变得更加自信。 This experience helped me become ______ ______ 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. were reading 2. were; doing 3. helpful 4. careless 5. arguing 6. confidence 7. was setting 8. useful 三、完成句子 1. I was preparing for the speech at eight last night. 2. We were discussing the problem when the teacher came in. 3. While I was doing my homework, my mother was reading. 4. The teacher advised me to sign up for the speech competition. 5. Little by little, I learned to speak in public. 6. This experience helped me become more confident. Unit 4 Changing and Growing | 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $