Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts单元重点词汇变形分层必考80题（含解析）- 2026-2027学年仁爱科普版（新教材）九年级上册英语

**基本信息** 本专项以“基础识记→能力提升→综合拓展”三层梯度设计，全维度覆盖词汇音、形、义、变形及语境运用，系统提升语言能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础识记|40分（音标/中文提示写词各20题）|音标训练音形匹配，中文释义巩固词义，夯实拼写根基|从音形关联到词义记忆，构建词汇基础认知链| |能力提升|20分（词形转换20题）|聚焦名词单复数、词性转换等高频考点，词汇语法结合突破变形失分点|从基础词形到语法变形，实现词汇知识向语言技能转化| |综合拓展|20分（语境首字母填空20题）|依托完整句子考查单词辨析与固定搭配，训练上下文灵活运用能力|从孤立词汇到语境应用，培养语言综合思维与跨情境迁移能力|

答案解析 第一部分：基础识记层级（40 分） Ⅰ. 根据句意及音标提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1. sharp；解析：音标/ʃɑːp/，形容词作表语，sharp表示锋利的，用来修饰刀具。 2. airplane；解析：音标/ˈeəpleɪn/，可数名词单数，the airplane特指这架飞机。 3. lover；解析：音标/ˈlʌvə(r)/，名词，history lover固定搭配，意为历史爱好者。 4. wooden；解析：音标/ˈwʊdn/，形容词修饰名词horse，wooden horse 木马。 5. balloon；解析：音标/bəˈluːn/，可数名词单数，a balloon 一只气球。 6. passport；解析：音标/ˈpɑːspɔːt/，名词，take one’s passport 带上某人护照。 7. certainly；解析：音标/ˈsɜːtnli/，副词修饰整句，表无疑、肯定。 8. needle；解析：音标/ˈniːdl/，名词，compass needle 指南针的磁针。 9. wheel；解析：音标/wiːl/，单数名词，the wheel轮子，指代古代重大发明。 10. lock；解析：音标/lɒk/，名词，set a lock 设置密码锁。 11. prize；解析：音标/praɪz/，名词，win the prize 获奖。 12. Wake；解析：音标/weɪk/，祈使句动词原形，句首首字母大写；固定短语wake up 醒来。 13. awake；解析：音标/əˈweɪk/，形容词，固定搭配keep sb awake 让某人保持清醒。 14. discovery；解析：音标/dɪˈskʌvəri/，名词，the discovery 这项发现。 15. woolen；解析：音标/ˈwʊlən/，形容词修饰gloves，woolen gloves 羊毛手套。 16. jeans；解析：音标/dʒiːnz/，只有复数形式，a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤。 17. print；解析：音标/prɪnt/，固定搭配help sb (to) do sth，使用动词原形print，意为打印。 18. fishing；解析：音标/ˈfɪʃɪŋ/，固定搭配enjoy doing sth，fishing作动名词，意为钓鱼。 19. position；解析：音标/pəˈzɪʃn/，名词，the best position 最佳摆放位置。 20. umbrella；解析：音标/ʌmˈbrelə/，元音音素开头，搭配an，an umbrella 一把雨伞。 Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1. stamps；解析：中文“邮票”，collect后接可数名词复数表一类事物，stamps各类邮票。 2. broaden；解析：中文“变阔”，and并列两个动词enrich和broaden，用原形；broaden horizons 开阔眼界。 3. compass；解析：中文“指南针”，单数可数名词作句子主语。 4. Gunpowder；解析：中文“火药”，不可数名词，位于句首首字母大写。 5. image；解析：中文“图像”，an后接单数名词image，元音音素开头。 6. bulb；解析：中文“电灯泡”，the bulb特指灯泡，单数名词。 7. daydream；解析：中文“白日梦”，a后接单数名词daydream。 8. nail；解析：中文“钉子”，the nail 钉子，单数名词。 9. Moreover；解析：中文“此外”，副词放句首承接上下文，首字母大写。 10. disk；解析：中文“磁盘”，disk space 磁盘存储空间，单数名词。 11. Sailors；解析：中文“海员”，复数表全体泛指，句首单词首字母大写。 12. net；解析：中文“网”，a后接单数名词net。 13. inventor；解析：中文“发明家”，可数名词单数，a great inventor 伟大发明家。 14. lamp；解析：中文“灯”，turn off the lamp 关掉灯具，单数名词。 15. drug；解析：中文“药”，不可数名词，new drug 新药。 16. war；解析：中文“战争”，不可数名词，because of war 因为战乱。 17. Paper-making；解析：中文“造纸术”，专有名词，句首首字母大写。 18. philosophers；解析：中文“哲学家”，固定结构one of + 可数名词复数philosophers。 19. Greek；解析：中文“希腊的”，此处Greek作名词表示希腊语，speak Greek 说希腊语。 20. imaginative；解析：中文“富于想象力的”，形容词修饰名词plots，imaginative plots 充满想象的情节。 第二部分：能力提升层级（20 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（共20小题，每小题1分） 1. awake；解析：固定搭配stay awake 保持清醒，awake仅作表语形容词。 2. stamps；解析：two hundred两百，后接可数名词复数stamps。 3. sailing；解析：such as后并列动名词swimming、hiking、sailing，统一使用doing形式。 4. testing；解析：现在进行时结构be + 现在分词，are testing 正在测试。 5. Egyptians；解析：ancient修饰复数名词Egyptians，意为古埃及人。 6. imaginative；解析：and并列两个形容词creative与imaginative，共同修饰主语人。 7. sharply；解析：副词sharply修饰动词dropped，修饰动作表示气温急剧下降。 8. woolen；解析：形容词woolen修饰名词scarves，woolen scarves 羊毛围巾。 9. broaden；解析：固定搭配need to do sth，形容词broad变动词broaden，意为拓宽。 10. printed；解析：一般过去时被动语态were + 过去分词printed，表示书籍被印刷。 11. movable；解析：形容词movable修饰shelves，movable shelves 可移动书架。 12. discovery；解析：形容词important后接名词，动词discover转化为名词discovery。 13. certainly；解析：副词certainly修饰动词make，表肯定、一定。 14. lover；解析：名词lover，music lover 音乐爱好者。 15. balloons；解析：lots of后接可数名词复数balloons。 16. magnetic；解析：形容词magnetic修饰tool，magnetic tool 磁性工具。 17. philosophers；解析：one of the greatest后接可数名词复数philosophers。 18. Greek；解析：形容词Greek修饰名词islands，Greek islands 希腊岛屿。 19. inventor; inventions；解析：第一空指人发明家inventor；many后接复数名词inventions，表发明物。 20. wooden；解析：形容词wooden修饰spoon，wooden spoon 木勺。 第三部分：综合拓展层级（20 分） 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1. inventor；解析：首字母i，great修饰名词，inventor发明家，指代爱迪生。 2. lamps；解析：首字母l，oil lamps油灯，复数表一类物品。 3. discovery；解析：首字母d，the discovery of drug 药物的发现，名词作主语。 4. bulbs；解析：首字母b，electric bulbs电灯泡，复数表泛指。 5. wheels；解析：首字母w，one of + 名词复数wheels，车轮。 6. stamps；解析：首字母s，collect stamps集邮，复数表各类邮票。 7. wooden；解析：首字母w，形容词修饰box，wooden木制的。 8. sharp；解析：首字母s，形容词作表语，sharp锋利的，形容刀刃。 9. broaden；解析：首字母b，情态动词can后接动词原形broaden，broaden horizons 开阔眼界。 10. philosopher；解析：首字母p，单数名词，Greek philosopher 希腊哲学家苏格拉底。 11. passport；解析：首字母p，出国必备证件passport 护照。 12. prize；解析：首字母p，固定搭配win the first prize 获得一等奖。 13. needle；解析：首字母n，thin needle细针，打针用针头。 14. sailor；解析：首字母s，brave sailor勇敢的水手，单数名词。 15. umbrella；解析：首字母u，下雨随身携带umbrella雨伞。 16. raincoat；解析：首字母r，raincoat雨衣，春季多雨穿戴。 17. wake；解析：首字母w，don’t后接动词原形，固定短语wake sb up 叫醒某人。 18. imaginative；解析：首字母i，形容词作表语，imaginative富有想象力的。 19. awake；解析：首字母a，be awake 醒着，形容词作表语。 20. drug；解析：首字母d，drug药物，新药治疗多种疾病。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $夯实词汇基础・突破变形考点・单元专项精练 仁爱科普版(新教材)九年级上册Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts 单元重点词汇变形分层80题 学校：______________ 班级：______________ 姓名：______________ (考试时间：40分钟 满分：80分) 资料说明 整套词汇专项按基础识记→能力提升→综合拓展三层梯度划分，由浅入深，完整覆盖音、形、义、变形、语境全维度考点： 1. 基础识记（40分）：内设音标写词、中文提示写词两类基础题型，先通过音标训练音形匹配，解决单词不会读、不会拼的难题；再结合中文释义巩固词义记忆，全覆盖单元核心四会单词，夯实拼写根基。 2. 能力提升（20分）：词形转换专项，囊括名词单复数、词性转换、时态变化、形副词转换等高频易错考点，词汇语法结合，针对性突破变形失分点。 3. 综合拓展（20分）：语境首字母填空，依托完整句子设置场景，考查单词辨析与固定搭配，训练学生结合上下文灵活运用词汇的能力。 第一部分：基础识记层级（40 分） Ⅰ. 根据句意及音标提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1．Don’t play with knives, they are very ________ /ʃɑːp/ and dangerous. 2．The ________ /ˈeəpleɪn/ will travel at twice the speed of sound, won’t it? 3．Whether you are a history ________ /ˈlʌvə(r)/ or not, the Palace Museum is a must-visit. 4．Ancient Greeks used a huge ________ /ˈwʊdn/ horse to capture(占领)the city of Troy. 5．Look, there is a ________ /bəˈluːn/ in the sky. 6．Please remind me to take my ________ /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ before I leave for America. 7．She will ________ /ˈsɜːtnli/ pass the exam because she has studied very hard for it. 8．The red ________ /ˈniːdl/ of the compass points north. 9．The ________ /wiːl/ was invented thousands of years ago and it changed transportation. 10．We should set a ________ /lɒk/ on our phones to protect personal information. 11．Congratulations to you on winning the ________ /praɪz/ at the school art festival. 12．________ /weɪk/ up, little Kate! Don’t get up too late! 13．These days, my pet dog often barks (吠叫) at night, keeping me ________ /əˈweɪk/. 14．At first, he was pleased with the ________ /dɪˈskʌvəri/. 15．It's getting cold and I have to take out my ________ /ˈwʊlən/ gloves. 16．I need to buy a pair of ________ /dʒiːnz/. I’m taller than before. 17．Could you help me ________ /prɪnt/ the report? 18．My grandfather enjoys ________ /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ by the river on weekends. 19．What’s the best ________ /pəˈzɪʃn/ for this light? 20．The weather report says it is rainy this afternoon. You should take an ___________ /ʌmˈbrelə/ with you. Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1．My brother enjoys collecting ________ (邮票), especially those from Europe. 2．Reading can enrich our knowledge and _________(变阔)our horizons. 3．The ________(指南针) helps us find the way. 4．________(火药)was one of the greatest inventions in the world. 5．Slowly, an ________ (图像) began to appear on the wall. 6．Before the invention of the ________(电灯泡), people had to use oil lamps. 7．Many people think that living on the moon is just a __________(白日梦) . I think it is believable, though. 8．The boy pounded(重击) the ________(钉子) into the board. 9．She saw that there was a man closely behind her. ________ (此外), he was watching her strangely. 10．The computer teacher suggests that if we want to free our ________(磁盘) space, we can try emptying the Recycle Bin. 11．________(海员) depended on the star to find the right direction. 12．The fisherman used a ________ (网) to hunt fish in the sea. 13．Thomas Edison was a great ________ (发明家). He invented many things. 14．Don’t forget to turn off your ________ (灯) when you go to bed. 15．These patients have been successfully treated with the new _________(药) . 16．Sadly, some children in that country live in fear of their lives because of ________ (战争). 17．________ (造纸术) changed the whole world. 18．Among all the _________ (哲学家) , Socrates is often regarded as one of the wisest, and his wisdom has inspired countless generations. 19．My sister can speak ________(希腊的) fluently and accurately. 20．My cousin prefers fiction to true stories because she likes ________ (富于想象力的) plots. 第二部分：能力提升层级（20 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（共20小题，每小题1分） 1．Don’t stay up late, or you will be too tired to stay ________ (wake) in the daytime. 2．Jim has collected two hundred ________ (stamp) since three years ago. 3．Jim has many hobbies, such as swimming, hiking and _________ (sail). 4．These engineers are _______ new AI models to make sure they can be well used in the program. (test) 5．Many things left by the ancient ________ in tombs have been brought to light. (Egypt) 6．My sister is very creative and ________ (imagine). 7．The temperature dropped ________ (sharp) when the cold wind came. 8．There are many sheep in Scotland so it is famous for ________ scarves. (wool) 9．The road is too narrow, and we need to ________ (broad) it. 10．Do you know when these books were ________(print)? 11．The _________ (move) shelves in the library allow us to rearrange the space easily for events. 12．The scientist made an important ________ (discover) that changed the world. 13．If you keep trying, you can _________ (certain) make great progress. 14．Lisa is a music ________ (love). She spends lots of time listening to music every week. 15．Li Lan buys lots of colourful ________ (balloon) for her mother’s birthday party. 16．The compass is a ________ (magnet) tool in ancient China. 17．Socrates is one of the greatest ________ (philosophy) in ancient Greece. 18．The ________ (Greece) islands are known for their beautiful beaches and clear waters. 19．Edison was a great ________ (invent), and he had many great ________ (invent). 20．John made a ________ (wood) spoon by himself. 第三部分：综合拓展层级（20 分） 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1. Edison, a great i________, invented the practical electric light bulb after thousands of tests. 2. In old times, families burned oil l________ for light at night. 3. The d________ of this new drug helped doctors save thousands of patients. 4. Before electric b________ were widely used, families burned oil lamps for light at night. 5. One of the bike’s w________ broke on my way to school yesterday. 6. My grandpa’s hobby is collecting s________ from different foreign countries. 7. This w________ box is made of hard wood and holds all my old books. 8. Be careful with the knife. Its edge is very s________ and you may cut your fingers. 9. Travelling around different countries can b________ our horizons and open our minds. 10. Socrates, a famous Greek p________, created many valuable ideas about life. 11. If you plan to travel abroad, you must take your p________ with you all the time. 12. He won the first p________ in the city young inventor competition last year. 13. The nurse held a thin n________ to give the patient an injection. 14. The brave s________ spent months sailing across the sea with no modern tools. 15. It’s going to rain heavily. You’d better take an u________ with you. 16. It often rains here in spring, so I always wear my r________ to school. 17. Please don’t w________ me up before seven tomorrow morning. I need more sleep. 18. Great writers and artists are usually i________ and full of new creative ideas. 19. When I got home at midnight, my mother was still a________ waiting for me. 20. This new d________ works well for treating different kinds of illnesses. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $