预习篇06 Unit 6 Beyond Earth 探索宇宙 【暑假打卡】 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 2026年人教版八年级下册复习+九年级上册预习英语试卷，以“探索宇宙”为主题，整合词汇、语法、阅读、写作模块，通过科技情境提升语言能力与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇运用|单词30+短语30|重点单词（telescope/rover）、短语（space mission/launch a rocket）|结合宇宙主题词汇，强化基础积累| |语法填空|语法小练习+篇章填空|一般将来时被动语态（will be built）、if条件句|通过太空任务例句巩固语法应用| |阅读理解|3篇（A/B/C）|月壤制水、火星重力装置、鼓文化|科技前沿素材，考查细节与推理| |书面表达|1篇|太空工作生活描述|模拟航天员发言，融合语法与情境，提升综合语言输出|

【暑假打卡】2026年八年级下册英语复习篇+新九年级上册预习篇（人教版） 预习篇06 Unit 6 Beyond Earth 探索宇宙 目录： 1、 新知预览:重点单词、重点短语、重点句型、单元核心语法（讲义+小练习） 2、 基础过关：词汇运用、完形填空、语法填空 3、 能力提升：阅读理解、选词填空、任务型阅读、书面表达 新知预览 第一部分 重点单词 1. 在……之外；超出 prep./adv.________ 2. 任务，使命 n.________（复数）________ 3. 望远镜 n.________（复数）________ 4. 漫游车，探测器 n.________ 5. 载人的，有人操控的 adj.________无人的 adj.________ 6. 维护，保持 v.________ n.维护________ 7. 发射；启动 v.&n.________（过去式）________ 8. 失重的 adj.________ n.失重________ 9. 运动，活动 n.________ v.移动________ 10. 睡着的 adj.________（反义词 awake） 11. 系紧；领带 v./n.________（过去式）________ 12. 地质学 n.________ adj.地质的________ 13. 卫星 n.________（复数）________ 14. 疯狂的，不切实际的 adj.________ 15. 人类 n.________（复数 human beings） 16. 需要，要求 v.________ n.要求________ 17. 火箭 n.________ 18. 合作 v.________ n.合作________ 19. 资源 n.________（复数）________ 20. 气候 n.________ adj.气候的________ 21. 行星 n.________（复数）________ 22. 航天器，宇宙飞船 n.________（单复同形） 23. 神秘的 adj.________ n.神秘________ 24. 十亿 num.________万亿 num.________ 25. 光年 n.________ 26. 旅程，行程 n.________ 27. 安全 n.________ adj.安全的________ 28. 科幻小说 n.________ 29. 记录 n./v.________ 30. 实验 n.________ v.做实验________ 参考答案 1. beyond 2. mission；missions 3. telescope；telescopes 4. rover 5. manned；unmanned 6. maintain；maintenance 7. launch；launched 8. weightless；weightlessness 9. movement；move 10. asleep 11. tie；tied 12. geology；geological 13. satellite；satellites 14. crazy 15. human 16. require；requirement 17. rocket 18. cooperate；cooperation 19. resource；resources 20. climate；climatic 21. planet；planets 22. spacecraft 23. mysterious；mystery 24. billion；trillion 25. light-year 26. journey 27. safety；safe 28. fiction 29. record 30. experiment；experiment 第二部分 重点短语 1. 太空任务 ____________ 2. 发射火箭/卫星 ____________ 3. 载人飞船 ____________ 4. 在飞船/飞行器上 ____________ 5. 踏上、登陆（星球）____________ 6. 人类 ____________ 7. 入睡 ____________ 8. 加速 ____________ 9. 与……合作 ____________ 10. 执行太空任务 ____________ 11. 通过望远镜观测 ____________ 12. 火星探测车 ____________ 13. 超乎想象 ____________ 14. 用完、耗尽（资源）____________ 15. 以防万一 ____________ 16. 处理；应对（气候问题）____________ 17. 在遥远的未来 ____________ 18. 太阳系 ____________ 19. 外星生命 ____________ 20. 国际合作 ____________ 21. 太空探索 ____________ 22. 搭建月球基地 ____________ 23. 被送入太空 ____________ 24. 从太空俯瞰地球 ____________ 25. 失重状态 ____________ 26. 做太空实验 ____________ 27. 解决难题 ____________ 28. 取得巨大进步 ____________ 29. 科幻小说 ____________ 30. 寻找新家园 ____________ 参考答案 1. space mission 2. launch a rocket / satellite 3. manned spacecraft 4. on board 5. set foot on 6. human beings 7. fall asleep 8. speed up 9. cooperate with 10. carry out a space mission 11. look through a telescope 12. Mars rover 13. beyond imagination 14. run out of 15. in case 16. deal with 17. in the far future 18. solar system 19. alien life 20. international cooperation 21. space exploration 22. build a moon base 23. be sent into space 24. look at the Earth from space 25. weightless state 26. do space experiments 27. solve difficult problems 28. make great progress 29. science fiction 30. look for a new home 第三部分 重点句型 1. 对其他行星的研究帮助我们更好了解地球。 The study of other planets ______ us ______ Earth better. 2. 为太空研发的科技能够造福地球上的人类。 Technology ______ for space can ______ us on Earth. 3. 卫星帮助我们应对气候变化带来的各类问题。 Satellites help us ______ ______ problems ______ by climate change. 4. 在遥远的未来，地球资源可能耗尽，人类将会需要新家园。 Earth may ______ ______ ______ resources, so a new home ______ ______ ______ for humans. 5. 火箭将于下周被成功发射。 The rocket ______ ______ ______ successfully next week. 6. 更多卫星将会被科学家安置在太空。 More satellites ______ ______ ______ in space by scientists. 7. 在失重状态下入睡是一件很奇妙的事。 It’s amazing ______ ______ ______ in a weightless state. 8. 许多难题将会通过国际合作被解决。 Many hard problems ______ ______ ______ through international cooperation. 9. 中国近些年在太空探索上取得了巨大进步。 China ______ ______ great ______ in space exploration in recent years. 10. 如果我们想要登陆火星，更多探测器将会被研发。 If we want to set foot on Mars, more rovers ______ ______ ______. 11. 不仅宇航员，普通人未来也能进入太空。 ______ ______ astronauts ______ ______ common people will travel to space one day. 12. 所有宇航员在飞船上必须系紧安全带。 All astronauts ______ ______ ______ their safety belts on board. 参考答案 1. helps；understand 2. developed；benefit 3. deal with；caused 4. run out of；will be needed 5. will be launched 6. will be positioned 7. to fall asleep 8. will be solved 9. has made；progress 10. will be developed 11. Not only；but also 12. have to tie 第四部分 单元核心语法:一般将来时被动语态 1. 核心含义 描述将来会被完成的动作，侧重动作承受者，本单元航天主题高频使用。 2. 完整句式结构 1）肯定句：主语 + will + be + 动词过去分词 例：A new space station will be built next year. 2）否定句：主语 + won’t (will not) + be + 过去分词 例：The old rocket won’t be used again. 3）一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ 例：Will more astronauts be sent to Mars? 4）特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ 例：Where will the new telescope be placed? 3. 主动句变被动句三步 ① 主动句宾语提前，作被动句主语； ② 谓语动词改为 will be + 过去分词； ③ 主动句主语用 by 引出，可省略。 主动：Scientists will build moon bases. 被动：Moon bases will be built by scientists. 4. 拓展补充语法点 1）过去分词作后置定语：problems caused by climate change 气候变化引发的问题 2）not only...but also... 不仅……而且……，谓语动词就近一致 3）if 引导条件状语从句：主将从现 If we explore space, we will find new resources. 第五部分 配套语法基础小题 一、用所给动词的将来被动形式填空 1. A new telescope __________ (send) into space next month. 2. The space mission __________ (not cancel) unless something goes wrong. 3. ________ more rovers ________ (develop) for Mars exploration? 4. All safety rules __________ (follow) by every astronaut on board. 5. Lots of new resources __________ (find) in outer space in the future. 二、单项选择题 1. A moon base ______ in 10 years. A. will build B. will be built C. is built 2. —Will the old rocket ______ again? —No, it won’t. A. use B. be used C. used 3. Not only scientists but also students ______ interested in space. A. are B. is C. be 4. If humans ______ Mars, new homes will be needed. A. explore B. will explore C. explores 三、句型转换（主动变被动） 1. Scientists will carry out more space tasks. _________________________________________________________________________ 2. People will find new resources in space. _________________________________________________________________________ 3. We will build a new satellite station next year. _________________________________________________________________________ 四、翻译填空（一般将来时被动语态） 1. 更多载人飞船将会被送往太空。 More manned spacecraft ______ ______ ______ into space. 2. 这个难题将会通过国际合作被解决。 This difficult problem ______ ______ ______ through international cooperation. 参考答案 一、 1. will be sent 2. won’t be cancelled 3. Will; be developed 4. will be followed 5. will be found 二、 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 三、 1. More space tasks will be carried out by scientists. 2. New resources will be found by people in space. 3. A new satellite station will be built by us next year. 四、 1. will be sent 2. will be solved 基础过关 一、按要求完成单词拼写 1．1.5 b________ people speak this language. 2．He learns g________ and knows much about rocks. 3．I noticed a slight m________ in the dark room. 4．We must m________ the safety of the equipment. 5．A s________ flies around Earth and helps our phones and TVs work. 6．This small flying ________ (飞行器) is light and fast. 7．Every ________ (人类) loves exploring the unknown. 8．It’s ________ (疯狂的) to go out in such weather. 9．The little girl is ________ (睡着的) on the sofa. 10．China has launched many ________ (载人的) spaceships. 11．People dream of travelling ________ (在……之外) the Earth. 12．Scientists use a ________ (望远镜) to observe distant stars. 13．Please ________ (系) the rope tightly. 14．The space ________ (漫游车) is working on Mars. 15．It’s difficult ________ (fall) asleep without being tied down in space. 16．Our English teacher requires us ________ (remember) words by spelling them. 17．Thousands of exoplanets ________ (know) to us now. 18．The problem ________ (solve) by scientists soon. 19．More research stations ________ (build) on the moon in the next ten years. 20．More astronauts ________ (send) to the space station in the future. 二、完形填空 Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the solar system. It is 21 than the Earth with a diameter (直径) of 6,792 kilometres. If you stand on Mars and 22 the Sun, it will appear about half the size of we see it on the Earth. Mars is widely known as the 23 planet. Its red appearance is caused by the iron oxide (氧化铁) in the ground. In many ways, Mars can be considered as the Earth’s brother. On Mars’ surface, we have discovered the 24 mountain in the solar system. It is named Olympus Mons, and it is more than twice as high as the highest mountain on the Earth. A 25 on Mars is also a little longer than a day on the Earth. It lasts about 24.6 hours. A year on Mars, however, or the time that it takes for the red planet to 26 the Sun, lasts about 687 Earth days. That is almost 27 as long as a year on the Earth! In the 19th century, it was believed that 28 existed on Mars. An astronomer said that he “found” straight lines on Mars’ surface. Many people believed that 29 were the work of smart life as the straight lines were most likely to be canals for irrigation (灌溉渠). However, as more advanced telescopes were 30 , it was found that the straight lines were an optical illusion (视觉假象). To this day, humans are still trying to find out whether life exists on Mars. 21．A．brighter B．better C．smaller D．bigger 22．A．look at B．look for C．look up D．look after 23．A．blue B．red C．green D．white 24．A．highest B．thinnest C．longest D．shortest 25．A．year B．month C．week D．day 26．A．circle B．leave C．arrive D．come 27．A．once B．twice C．first D．second 28．A．life B．people C．animals D．plants 29．A．this B．that C．these D．those 30．A．found B．made C．fallen D．seen 三、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Space exploration 31 (be) one of mankind’s greatest dreams. Long ago, stars 32 (watch) only with our eyes. Now powerful tools 33 (use) to explore outer space. China’s Tiangong Space Station 34 (finish) two years ago. Many astronauts 35 (send) there to do experiments since then. A telescope 36 (call) Xuntian will fly near the station soon. It 37 (produce) clear pictures of faraway galaxies. Scientists wonder 38 there is life on other planets. More tasks 39 (plan) in the next ten years. We believe more secrets of the universe 40 (find) with hard work. 参考答案 一、 1．billion/illion 【详解】句意：十五亿人说这种语言。 单词首字母为b，结合数字1.5以及people可知，此处表示数量十亿，billion意为“十亿”，前面有具体数字时billion不用复数形式，故填billion。 2．geology/eology 【详解】句意：他学习地质学，并且了解很多关于岩石的知识。空格处需填名词作“learns”的宾语，与后文“knows much about rocks”语义呼应。首字母“g”提示填“geology”，表示“地质学”，为研究岩石的学科。故填geology。 3．movement/ovement 【详解】句意：我注意到漆黑的房间里有一丝轻微的动静。根据首字母提示“m”及语境可知，此处指房间里的动静，movement“移动、动静”符合，a后接其单数形式。 4．maintain/aintain 【详解】句意：我们必须维护设备的安全。maintain意为“维护，保持”，maintain the safety表示“维护安全”，固定搭配，情态动词must后接动词原形。故填maintain。 5．satellite/atellite 【详解】句意：一颗卫星绕地球运行，帮助我们的手机和电视正常工作。根据“flies around Earth and helps our phones and TVs work”可知此处指人造卫星，不定冠词“A”后接名词单数satellite。 6．aircraft 【详解】句意：这架小型飞行器又轻又快。 根据汉语提示“飞行器”，且句中有This（这个）修饰、be动词用了is，说明需要填单数名词。 aircraft 意为“飞行器；航空器”，且单复数同形，符合这个语境和语法要求。 7．human 【详解】句意：每个人类都热爱探索未知事物。中文提示“人类”对应单词human；every后接可数名词单数，因此填human。 8．crazy 【详解】句意：在这样的天气出门真是疯狂。根据“It’s”及句意，本句结构为“It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.“做某事是……的”，“疯狂的”为形容词crazy，作表语。 9．asleep 【详解】句意：这个小女孩在沙发上睡着了。括号内中文提示“睡着的”对应形容词asleep；位于be动词is后作表语，用来描述小女孩此刻熟睡的状态，符合语法与语境。故填asleep。 10．manned 【详解】句意：中国已经发射了许多载人宇宙飞船。空格前“many”为形容词，空格后“spaceships”为名词，空格处需填形容词作定语修饰“spaceships”。“载人的”对应英文“manned”，表示“有人驾驶的/载人的”。故填manned。 11．beyond 【详解】句意：人们梦想着去地球之外旅行。空格后接名词“the Earth”，结合中文提示“在……之外”，beyond作介词可表示“超出、在……之外”，符合太空旅行的语境，故填beyond。 12． telescope 【详解】句意：科学家使用望远镜观察遥远的恒星。根据中文提示“望远镜”，其英文表达为telescope，前面有不定冠词a，应填名词单数telescope。 13．tie 【详解】句意：请把绳子系紧。句子为祈使句，结构为：Please+动词原形。表示“系（绳子、带子）”的常用动词为tie，因此空处填动词原形tie。 14． rover 【详解】句意：太空漫游车正在火星上工作。括号里的中文提示是“漫游车”，对应的英文单词是rover，且space rover是“太空漫游车”的固定搭配，句子的谓语动词是is，表明主语是单数形式，应填rover。 15．to fall 【详解】句意：在太空中没有被绑住的情况下入睡是困难的。句中为“It’s＋形容词＋不定式”结构，空格位于形容词“difficult”之后，需填入动词不定式，动词不定式作句子的真正主语。 16．to remember 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师要求我们通过拼写来记单词。所给动词为remember“记住”。固定搭配“require sb. to do sth.”表示“要求某人做某事”，后接动词不定式。故填to remember。 17．are known 【详解】句意：现在，数千颗系外行星已被我们熟知。know意为“知道”，和主语之间具有被动关系，根据now“现在”可知，句子表示的是现在的情况，时态是一般现在时，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是“am/is/are+动词的过去分词”，主语是复数，be动词用are，know的过去分词是known。 18．will be solved 【详解】句意：这个问题很快将会被科学家解决。soon意为“不久”，代表本句为一般将来时；主语“The problem”和solve之间是被动关系：问题被科学家解决，要用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will + be + 过去分词”，solve的过去分词是solved。故填will be solved。 19．will be built 【详解】句意：在未来十年里，更多的研究站将会被建在月球上。“in the next ten years”为将来时间，本句时态应用一般将来时；主语“More research stations”和build是被动关系：研究站被建造，要用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be+过去分词”，build的过去分词为built，故填will be built。 20．will be sent 【详解】句意：未来将会有更多宇航员被送往空间站。 “in the future”表示将来，宇航员是“被派送”，使用一般将来时被动语态，结构为will be + 过去分词。send为动词，表示“派遣”，应变为过去分词sent。故填will be sent。 二、 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文介绍了火星的基本信息，包括其大小、颜色、地理特征、时间周期，以及人类对火星生命存在的探索历史。 【详解】21．句意：它的直径为6792公里，比地球小。 根据前文“the second-smallest planet”以及火星的实际直径数据可知，此处表示火星比地球“更小的”，应填smaller；brighter“更明亮的”；better“更好的”；bigger“更大的”均与事实及语境不符。 22．句意：如果你站在火星上看太阳，它看起来大约只有我们在地球上看到的一半大小。 根据“the Sun”及语境可知，此处表示“看”太阳，应填look at；look for“寻找”；look up“查阅，抬头看”；look after“照顾”均不符合观察天体的语境。 23．句意：火星被广泛称为红色星球。 根据后文“Its red appearance”可知，火星的外观是红色的，应填red；blue“蓝色”；green“绿色”；white“白色”均与火星的实际颜色不符。 24．句意：在火星表面，我们发现了太阳系中最高的山。 根据后文“more than twice as high as the highest mountain on the Earth”可知，这座山是太阳系“最高”的山，应填highest；thinnest“最薄的”；longest“最长的”；shortest“最短的”均与后文高度对比的语境不符。 25．句意：火星上的一天也比地球上的一天稍长一些。 根据后文“It lasts about 24.6 hours.”可知，此处讨论的是火星上的“一天”，应填day；year“年”；month“月”；week“周”均与24.6小时的时长不符。 26．句意：然而，火星上的一年，也就是这颗红色星球绕太阳一圈所需的时间，大约持续687个地球日。 根据“the time that it takes for the red planet to... the Sun”可知，此处表示行星“绕着”太阳转，应填circle；leave“离开”；arrive“到达”；come“来”均不符合天体运行的语境。 27．句意：那几乎是地球上一年长度的两倍！ 根据“almost... as long as”及火星一年（687天）与地球一年（约365天）的比例关系可知，此处表示“两倍”，应填twice；once“一次”；first“第一”；second“第二”均不符合倍数表达的语境。 28．句意：在19世纪，人们相信火星上存在生命。 根据后文“smart life”以及探讨火星是否有生命的语境可知，此处指“生命”，应填life；people“人们”；animals“动物”；plants“植物”均过于具体，不能概括当时人们对外星生命的普遍猜想。 29．句意：许多人相信那些是智慧生物的杰作，因为这些直线很可能是用于灌溉的运河。 根据前文“straight lines”可知，此处指代那些“直线”，由于是复数概念且指代前文提到的事物，应填those；this“这个”；that“那个”；these“这些”均不符合指代前文复数名词的语境。 30．句意：然而，随着更先进的望远镜被制造出来，人们发现那些直线只是一种视觉假象。 根据“advanced telescopes”可知，望远镜是被“制造”出来的，应填made；found“发现”；fallen“掉落”；seen“被看见”均不符合制造观测仪器的语境。 三、 31．is 32．were watched 33．are used 34．was finished 35．have been sent 36．called 37．will produce 38．if/whether 39．will be planned 40．will be found 【导语】本文介绍了人类太空探索的发展历程，从肉眼观星到使用先进工具，并展望了中国天宫空间站及未来太空探索的前景。 【详解】31．句意：太空探索是人类最伟大的梦想之一。主语Space exploration是单数概念；本句介绍客观常识，用一般现在时，be动词单数形式用is。 32．句意：很久以前，星星只能用肉眼观看。Long ago是过去时间，用一般过去时；stars是“被人们观看”，主语和watch是被动关系，要用一般过去时被动语态，stars为复数，be动词用were，watch的过去分词为watched，即were watched。 33．句意：如今人们使用先进设备去探索外太空。 Now表当下常态，用一般现在时。tools与use是被动关系（工具被使用），用被动语态。主语tools为复数，be动词用are，use的过去分词为used，所以填are used。 34．句意：中国天宫空间站于两年前建造完成。space station与finish是被动关系（被建成），用被动语态。two years ago是过去时间，用一般过去时；主语Tiangong Space Station单数，be动词用was，所以填was finished。 35．句意：从那之后，多名航天员被送往空间站开展实验。since then是现在完成时标志性时间状语；astronauts与send是被动关系（被送去），用被动语态，主语为复数 ，所以填have been sent。 36．句意：一台名为巡天的望远镜不久后将在空间站附近运行。此处是过去分词作后置定语，called Xuntian等同于定语从句which is called Xuntian，用来修饰telescope，表示“被命名为……的”，无谓语时态变化，直接填called。 37．句意：它将拍摄出遥远星系的清晰影像。前一句will fly soon提示本句为将来会发生的动作，用一般将来时“will+动词原形”，故填will produce。 38．句意：科学家们想知道其他星球上是否存在生命。本句为宾语从句，主句谓语wonder，后面表达“是否”含义，固定用if或者whether。 39．句意：未来十年还会计划更多航天任务。tasks与plan是被动关系（被计划），用被动语态。in the next ten years是将来时间，用一般将来时被动，填will be planned。 40．句意：我们相信，通过不懈努力，宇宙更多奥秘终将被发现。此处表达将来的预期，用一般将来时；secrets是被人类发现，用被动语态，所以填will be found。 能力提升 1、 阅读理解 A 1．What did scientists find in lunar soil? A．Water. B．Oxygen. C．Carbon dioxide. D．Hydrogen. 2．Who discovered a way to create water from lunar soil? A．American scientists. B．European scientists. C．Chinese scientists. D．Japanese scientists. 3．What is the first step in making water out of lunar soil according to the passage? A．Adding oxygen. B．Burning the soil until it's very hot. C．Mixing the soil with other elements. D．Cooling down the soil. 4．At what temperature does water come out as water vapour from lunar soil? A．500℃. B．750℃. C．900℃. D．Over 1,000℃. 5．In which section of a newspaper can we probably read the passage? A．Science Study. B．Star Stories. C．School Time. D．Your Voice. B Lin Tao, a 16-year-old student from Hangzhou, invented a device that simulates the gravity conditions on Mars. Three years ago, he learned that plants grow poorly in low gravity, which could be a serious problem for future settlers. He used a rotating drum and special LEDs to build a small growth chamber that mimics Martian gravity—about 38% of Earth’s. His invention was tested in his school’s biology lab. Seeds planted in his device grew 60% healthier than those in a normal low-gravity control group. A local university has offered to help him apply for a youth innovation grant to further develop his project. Lin Tao says, “I was just curious about how to feed people on Mars. But sometimes a small question can lead to a useful answer.” 6．What made Lin Tao start his invention? A．A class project about plant biology. B．The problem of growing food on Mars. C．A competition held by a local university. D．A book about rotating drums and LEDs. 7．How does Lin Tao’s device work? A．It uses a rotating drum to create lower gravity. B．It changes the temperature inside the chamber. C．It adds extra water to the plants every day. D．It blocks all natural light from the plants. 8．The word “grant” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A．专利 B．奖学金 C．资助 D．许可 9．How did the local university respond to his invention? A．They showed no interest in it. B．They offered to help him get funding. C．They advised him to stop the experiment. D．They bought the rights to his device. 10．What is the main message of this passage? A．Only professional scientists can make useful inventions. B．High school students should not do experiments alone. C．Growing plants on Mars is completely impossible. D．Curiosity about space can lead to practical solutions. C 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Drums have been a key part of traditional Chinese music for a long time. 11 Confucius, a famous teacher，regarded the “drum dance” highly. It is also the origin (起源) of the Chinese phrase “guwu”. Drums played a key role in growing crops successfully. Since the sound of drums sounds like thunder, 12 So farmers would beat drums in times of drought (干旱), hoping for rain to water their crops. Drums also played a part in the war. The sound of drums could be heard far away and create fear in the hearts of the enemy. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, drums were used for different activities 13 The national band, drama, folk art, song and dance, boat racing and lion dance were all performed with the beat of drums. 14 For example, the “Taiping Drum” is used to express hope for a peaceful society. The “Ansai Waist Drum (安塞腰鼓)” is used to show the spirit of the farmers in Shaanxi. There are also some cheerful and traditional drum dances, such as the “Fengyang Flower Drum” in Anhui Province and the “Fishing Basket Flower Drum” in Jiangsu Province. Drums have been played in China for thousands of years as a sign of happiness. 15 A．However, they are much more than just musical instruments. B．Today, there are many kinds of Chinese drums. C．because they could bring people together and make events more lively. D．it was believed that playing the drums could bring rain. E．Even today, the drum culture is still loved by people. 二、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) call, go, they, billion, large, discover，alone, reach, spacecraft, possible Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hundreds of millions of years.However, we haven't found life on any other planet yet. The earth is a planet and it 16 around the sun.Seven other planets also go around the sun.None of 17 has an environment like that of the earth, so scientists do not think they will find life on them.The sun and its planets are 18 the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a much 19 group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way.There are 20 of stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them. Scientists have also 21 many other galaxies in the universe.They are very far away and their light has to travel for many years to 22 us.So how large is the universe? It is 23 to imagine. Scientists have sent 24 to the planet Mars to take photos.However, no spacecraft has travelled far enough to get to other stars in our Galaxy. Scientists have always asked the questions: with so many stars in the universe, are we 25 ， or is there life out there in space? Have there been visitors to the earth from other planets? We do not know the answers yet. 三、任务型阅读 Mary’s uncle Ted was an engineer. He told her great stories about the rockets he helped design, and he often brought Mary science books. He also shared his knowledge about space with her. Mary loved science and technology, and she was also adventurous (爱冒险的). For those reasons, Mary’s family kept telling her she should be an astronaut when she grew up, but she just wasn’t sure. One Saturday, Mary and Uncle Ted visited the Science Museum. They watched a show on space travel. Uncle Ted told her something interesting about spaceships and space suits. But she was most interested in two model robot arms and she tried operating them. She stayed there all day and felt very excited. By the time they got on the bus to return home, Mary was very tired. Closing her eyes, she imagined what it would be like to fly into space. As she nearly fell asleep, Mary started to feel the weightlessness that astronauts must feel when they are in zero gravity (失重). The next thing she knew, she was looking out of the window not of a bus but of a spaceship. Mary was operating a huge robot arm outside the spaceship. She felt nervous. But she kept at it. Soon she succeeded. She felt proud of herself. Just then, Mary heard Uncle Ted’s voice. “Wake up, my dear! We’re back home now.” When she opened her eyes, she realized she had been dreaming, but she knew this for sure—she wanted to be an astronaut one day and couldn’t wait for her first trip into space. 26．What did Uncle Ted do? 27．Why did Mary’s family suggest that she should be an astronaut? 28．What interested Mary most in the museum? 29．How did Mary feel after succeeding in her dream? 30．What would Mary probably do after this visit? 四、书面表达 31．假设你是中国航天员李华，正在中国太空站执行任务。联合国教科文组织邀请你与全球青少年视频连线，介绍你在太空站一天的工作与生活，并分享你的感受。请你结合以下提示，写一篇英文发言稿。词数80—120。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 参考答案 一、 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国科学家研发的月壤制水技术，讲解制水步骤、温度条件与产水量，介绍这项月球水资源利用的科学成果。 【详解】1．根据原文“Scientists found a lot of hydrogen (氢气) in the soil on the moon.”可知，在月壤中发现了氢气。 2．根据原文“Now, Chinese scientists have discovered a way to create water from it.”，是中国科学家发现了从月壤中制取水的方法。 3．根据原文“Burn the soil until it’s very hot.”可知，第一步是高温灼烧月壤。 4．根据原文“When the temperature gets higher than 1,000℃, the water will come out as water vapour.” 可知，温度超过1000摄氏度。 5．本文是月球制水的航天科学科普，属于科学板块。 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了16岁学生Lin Tao因好奇火星种植问题，发明模拟火星重力装置并获大学支持的创新故事。 【详解】6．第一段“he learned that plants grow poorly in low gravity, which could be a serious problem for future settlers”以及最后一句“I was just curious about how to feed people on Mars.”表明，Lin Tao因火星上种植食物的问题而开始发明。 7．第一段“He used a rotating drum and special LEDs to build a small growth chamber that mimics Martian gravity—about 38% of Earth’s.”表明，Lin Tao的装置通过旋转鼓模拟火星较低的重力。 8．第二段“A local university has offered to help him apply for a youth innovation grant to further develop his project.”中“grant”指用于进一步发展项目的资金支持，即“资助”。 9．第二段“A local university has offered to help him apply for a youth innovation grant to further develop his project.”表明，大学主动帮助他申请资助以进一步发展项目。 10．全文围绕Lin Tao因好奇火星种植问题而发明装置展开，最后一句“a small question can lead to a useful answer”点明主旨，因此“Curiosity about space can lead to practical solutions.”为本文主旨。 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国传统鼓的历史、用途和文化意义，从古代祭祀、战争到现代各种鼓的类别。 【详解】11．第一段首句说鼓是中国传统音乐的关键部分，后文提到孔子重视“鼓舞”以及“鼓舞”的起源。空后内容说明鼓不只是乐器，还与文化相关。A选项“However, they are much more than just musical instruments.”表示转折，引出鼓的更多作用，与下文衔接自然。 12．第二段提到“Since the sound of drums sounds like thunder”，空后说“So farmers would beat drums in times of drought, hoping for rain”，因为鼓声像雷声，所以人们相信击鼓能带来雨水。D选项“it was believed that playing the drums could bring rain”直接解释这一因果关系。 13．第三段说“drums were used for different activities”，后文列举了国家乐队、戏剧、民间艺术、歌舞、赛舟、舞狮等活动，说明鼓能使这些活动更有生气。C选项“because they could bring people together and make events more lively”解释了鼓用于不同活动的原因，与后文列举的活动相呼应。 14．第四段举例“Taiping Drum”、“Ansai Waist Drum”、“Fengyang Flower Drum”等，说明如今有各种不同用途的鼓。B选项“Today, there are many kinds of Chinese drums.”作为段落总起句，后文具体举例，符合段落结构。 15．最后一段说“Drums have been played in China for thousands of years as a sign of happiness.”，空处应补充鼓文化至今仍受喜爱。E选项“Even today, the drum culture is still loved by people”与前面“thousands of years”形成时间延续，作为结尾总结恰当。 二、 16．goes 17．them 18．called 19．larger 20．billions 21．discovered 22．reach 23．impossible 24．spacecraft 25．alone 【导语】这是一篇说明文，说明了地球是最适合人类居住的星球，以及宇宙中还有很多未被探索的奥秘。 【详解】16．句意：地球是一颗行星，它绕着太阳转。地球围着太阳转是陈述客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语“it”是第三人称单数，故go变为 goes。 17．句意：它们中没有一个拥有像地球那样的环境。“None of”表示一个都没有，空格指代的是“Seven other planets”应该用“它们”，介词“of”后接宾格代词，they的宾格是them。 18．句意：太阳及其行星被称为太阳系。根据“The sun and its planets”可以被称为“the solar system”，而且此处是被动语态，应该填过去分词called。 19．句意：太阳系只是一个更大星系的一小部分。“much”修饰比较级，且此处需要一个形容词的比较级，表示大得多，所以把large变为larger。 20．句意：银河系中有数十亿颗恒星。根据常识，银河系里有数十亿颗星球，所以这里是固定短语billions of，应该填复数形式billions。 21．句意：科学家也发现了许多其他星系。根据“many other galaxies”可知科学家们发现了其他的星系，本句是现在完成时，“have”后接过去分词，所以discover变为 discovered。 22．句意：它们的光必须传播许多年才能到达我们这里。根据“far away”以及“their light has to travel for many years”可知，这里应该是到达，“to”后接动词原形构成不定式，故填reach。 23．句意：它是难以想象的。根据语境可知，几乎整篇文章都是说宇宙太大，所以应该是不可能想象，possible变为反义词impossible。 24．句意：科学家已发送宇宙飞船去火星拍照。根据“to take photos”这里是说用宇宙飞船去拍照，此处表示复数概念，spacecraft单复数同形，形式不变。 25．句意：我们是孤独的吗？根据后半句“or is there life out there in space”，可知此处问人类在宇宙中是否是独自的生物，故填 alone。 三、 26．He was an engineer. 27．Because she loved science and technology, and she was also adventurous. 28．Two model robot arms. 29．She felt proud of herself. 30．She would work hard to be an astronaut and go to space./She would learn more about space and technology to prepare for becoming an astronaut./...(答案不唯一) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了玛丽在工程师叔叔的影响下，通过参观科学博物馆并做了一个太空梦，最终确定自己的梦想是成为一名宇航员。 【详解】26．首段第一句介绍“Mary’s uncle Ted was an engineer.”，所以泰德叔叔是一名工程师。 27．首段给出了理由“Mary loved science and technology, and she was also adventurous. For those reasons...”，可见玛丽热爱科学和技术，而且她也爱冒险，这是家人建议她成为宇航员的原因。 28．第二段明确指出“But she was most interested in two model robot arms.”，所以她在博物馆最感兴趣的事物是两个模型机械臂。 29．第三段提到“Soon she succeeded. She felt proud of herself.”，可见在梦中成功后，她为自己感到骄傲。 30．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，根据第四段“she wanted to be an astronaut”可知玛丽的梦想是成为宇航员，所以她会为实现这个梦想努力，围绕“成为宇航员”这一主题，合理回答即可。 四、31．例文 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. In the morning, I use special machines to exercise and stay healthy. Eating in space is interesting! Our food comes in special bags, and we need to hold it tightly to prevent it from floating away. Sleeping here is fun too. I sleep in a sleeping bag tied to the wall! During work hours, I do experiments and sometimes go for spacewalks. It feels like flying! After work, I read books or talk with my family through video calls. Though I miss Earth, the view of stars outside is amazing. My life here is busy but meaningful. I feel proud to be part of this journey. Thank you! 【详解】写作步骤   [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体和时态：应用文（发言稿），以一般现在时为主。 明确要点：1. 太空站一天的作息（锻炼、饮食、睡眠、工作任务、休闲活动）；2. 个人感受。 确定人称：第一人称（I, my）。 注意事项：词数80—120，开头和结尾已给出，不得出现真实信息。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段（问候与引入）：承接已给开头“I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today.”，向全球青少年问候并引入话题。 主体段（太空生活描述）：按时间顺序描述太空站一天的生活——早晨锻炼、特殊饮食、趣味睡眠、科学实验、太空行走、休闲阅读和与家人通话。 结尾段（感受与总结）：总结太空生活的整体感受（忙碌但有意义、自豪），并致谢。 要点一：太空生活描述 锻炼与健康：use special machines to exercise/stay healthy/keep fit等 饮食与睡眠：food comes in special bags/hold food tightly/prevent it from floating away/sleep in a sleeping bag/tied to the wall/sleep in zero gravity等 工作与探索：do experiments/do scientific research/go for spacewalks/feel like flying/repair the space station等   休闲与联系：read books/talk with family through video calls/chat with friends/enjoy the view of stars/miss Earth等 要点二：感受与总结 busy but meaningful/feel proud/grateful for this opportunity/love my job等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $