同步语法讲解（疑问句） 2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语疑问句，以“概念-分类-结构-用法”逻辑链构建知识体系，通过分层精练实现从基础到中考真题的能力递进，强化语言运用与思维训练。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法讲解|一般疑问句变法表、特殊疑问词用法表|系动词be/实义动词疑问句变法、特殊疑问词分类记忆|从概念定义到分类细化，再到结构规则与应用| |分层练习|30题（基础10/进阶10/挑战10）|分层突破：基础巩固规则，进阶强化转换，挑战贴近中考|由单一知识点到综合应用，逐步提升语言能力|

疑问句 （语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、疑问句的概念 1 二、一般疑问句 1 1. 定义与功能 1 2. 结构与变法 1 3. 一般疑问句的简略回答 2 三、特殊疑问句 2 1. 定义与功能 2 2. 结构 2 3. 七年级上册常见特殊疑问词及用法 2 4. 特殊疑问句的语调 3 四、选择疑问句（补充了解） 3 五、分层练习题（共30题） 3 基础层（第1-10题） 3 进阶层（第11-20题） 5 挑战层（第21-30题） 7 一、疑问句的概念 疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）是用来提出问题的句子，句末用问号（？），读时通常用升调。疑问句主要分为两大类：一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。 二、一般疑问句（General Questions） 1. 定义与功能 一般疑问句是用来询问“是否……”的问题，即对某一情况或事实的真伪进行提问。回答时通常用 Yes 或 No 开头，因此也称为“是非疑问句”。 2. 结构与变法 根据谓语动词类型，一般疑问句有两种变法： （1）含有系动词 be（am/is/are）的一般疑问句 变法：将 be 动词（am/is/are） 提到主语前面。 陈述句 一般疑问句 She is a teacher. Is she a teacher? They are happy. Are they happy? I am a student. Am I a student?（少见，但符合语法） ⚠️ 注意：I am... 变疑问句时，通常用 Are you...?（如：I am a student. → Are you a student?） （2）含有实义动词的一般疑问句 变法：根据主语人称和数，在句首添加助动词 Do 或 Does，后面的动词恢复原形。 陈述句 一般疑问句 I like apples. Do you like apples? She likes music. Does she like music? They play football. Do they play football? ⚠️ 核心法则：用了 Does 或 Do，后面的动词必须用原形。 3. 一般疑问句的简略回答 疑问类型 肯定回答 否定回答 Is she ...? Yes, she is. No, she isn't. Are they ...? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. Do you ...? Yes, I do. No, I don't. Does he ...? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't. 💡 回答时主语必须用人称代词（he/she/it/they 等），不能用名词。 三、特殊疑问句（Wh- Questions） 1. 定义与功能 特殊疑问句是用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句，用来询问具体信息（如“谁”“什么”“哪里”“何时”等），不能用 Yes/No 回答，必须给出具体信息。 2. 结构 结构：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序（助动词/be动词 + 主语 + 谓语...）？ 例：What do you like? / Where is she? 3. 七年级上册常见特殊疑问词及用法 疑问词 含义 提问对象 示例 What 什么 事物、活动、职业 What is your name? / What do you like? Who 谁 人物（主语/宾语） Who is she? / Who are they? Where 在哪里 地点 Where is my pen? / Where do you live? When 什么时候 时间 When do you get up? Why 为什么 原因（回答用 because） Why are you late? How 怎样 方式、状态 How are you? / How do you go to school? How old 多大（年龄） 年龄 How old are you? How many 多少（可数） 可数名词数量 How many apples do you have? How much 多少（不可数/价格） 不可数数量或价格 How much milk? / How much is it? What color 什么颜色 颜色 What color is your bag? What time 几点 具体时刻 What time is it? Whose 谁的 所属关系 Whose book is this? Which 哪一个 选择范围 Which one do you like? 4. 特殊疑问句的语调 · 读时通常用降调（↘），但表示友好、惊讶时也可用升调。 四、选择疑问句（补充了解） 七年级上册也简单涉及选择疑问句，即提供两种或多种选项让对方选择，用 or 连接并列成分，回答时不能用 Yes/No，必须选择其中一个。 · Is your sister a teacher or a doctor? — She is a teacher. · Do you like apples or oranges? — I like apples. 其结构本质上是在一般疑问句或特殊疑问句后加 ... or ...。 五、分层练习题（共30题） 🔰 基础层（第1-10题）——考查一般疑问句的词序、助动词选用及简略回答 1. —________ your sister a student? —Yes, she ________. A. Is; is B. Are; are C. Do; do D. Does; does 答案：A 解析：本题考查一般疑问句。主语 your sister 为单数，谓语为 be 动词，故用 Is 提问；肯定回答用 Yes, she is。故选 A。 2. —________ you like swimming? —Yes, I ________. A. Are; am B. Do; do C. Does; does D. Is; is 答案：B 解析：本题考查实义动词一般疑问句。主语 you 为非三单，用 Do 提问；肯定回答用 Yes, I do。故选 B。 3. —________ she have a new bike? —No, she ________. A. Do; don't B. Does; doesn't C. Is; isn't D. Are; aren't 答案：B 解析：主语 she 为三单，实义动词 have 变疑问句用 Does 提问；否定回答用 No, she doesn't。故选 B。 4. —Are they your parents? —________. They are my uncle and aunt. A. Yes, they are B. No, they aren't C. Yes, they do D. No, they don't 答案：B 解析：由“They are my uncle and aunt”可知他们不是我的父母，应用否定回答 No, they aren't，故选 B。 5. —________ your brother play basketball? —Yes, he ________. He plays it every day. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Is; is D. Are; are 答案：B 解析：主语 your brother 为三单，实义动词 play 变疑问句用 Does；肯定回答用 Yes, he does。故选 B。 6. —What ________ you want to drink? —I want some water. A. are B. do C. does D. is 答案：B 解析：本题考查特殊疑问句。主语 you 为非三单，实义动词 want 前用助动词 do。What do you want...? 故选 B。 7. —________ is your schoolbag? —It's on the chair. A. What B. Where C. Who D. How 答案：B 解析：回答“在椅子上”为地点，应用 Where 提问，故选 B。 8. —________ color is your new coat? —It's red. A. What B. Where C. Who D. How 答案：A 解析：回答颜色用 What color 提问，故选 A。 9. —________ you at home yesterday? —No, I ________. I was at school. A. Are; am not B. Were; wasn't C. Was; wasn't D. Did; didn't 答案：B 解析：本题考查 be 动词一般过去时（七年级可适当了解）。yesterday 为过去时间，主语 you 用 Were 提问；否定回答用 I wasn't。故选 B。 10. —Does your mother like apples? —________. She likes oranges better. A. Yes, she does B. No, she doesn't C. Yes, she is D. No, she isn't 答案：B 解析：由“She likes oranges better”可知她不喜欢苹果，用否定回答 No, she doesn't，故选 B。 📈 进阶层（第11-20题）——综合考查一般疑问句与特殊疑问句的转换、疑问词辨析及介词搭配 11. —________ do you usually go to school? —By bike. A. What B. How C. Where D. When 答案：B 解析：回答“骑自行车”为交通方式，用 How 提问（如何/怎样），故选 B。 12. —________ is the girl in red? —She is my cousin. A. What B. Who C. Where D. How 答案：B 解析：回答“我的表妹”为人物身份，用 Who 提问，故选 B。 13. —________ do you get up every morning? —At 6:30. A. What time B. What color C. How many D. How much 答案：A 解析：回答“6:30”为具体时刻，用 What time 提问，故选 A。 14. —________ milk do you need? —Two glasses. A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How often 答案：B 解析：milk 为不可数名词，用 How much 提问数量；回答“两杯”仍用 How much（问的是多少量）。故选 B。 15. —________ students are there in your class? —There are forty. A. How much B. How many C. How old D. How long 答案：B 解析：students 为可数名词复数，用 How many 提问数量，故选 B。 16. —Is this your pencil ________ your ruler? —It's my pencil. A. and B. or C. but D. so 答案：B 解析：本题考查选择疑问句。选择疑问句用 or 连接两个并列选项，故选 B。 17. —________ does your father go to work? —He walks to work. A. What B. How C. Where D. When 答案：B 解析：回答“步行”为方式，用 How 提问，故选 B。 18. —Are these your books? —Yes, ________. A. these are B. they are C. these do D. they do 答案：B 解析：一般疑问句的简略回答中，指示代词 these/those 应用人称代词 they 替代。肯定回答为 Yes, they are，故选 B。 19. —________ is your grandmother? —She is seventy years old. A. How much B. How many C. How old D. How far 答案：C 解析：回答年龄用 How old 提问，故选 C。 20. —Does Peter ________ to school by bus? —No, he ________. He walks. A. go; doesn't B. goes; doesn't C. go; don't D. goes; don't 答案：A 解析：Does 提问后接原形 go；否定回答用 No, he doesn't，故选 A。 🏆 挑战层（第21-30题）——中考真题风格，综合性强，含一般疑问句与特殊疑问句综合运用 21. —________ is your new teacher like? —She is kind and friendly. A. What B. How C. Who D. Where 答案：A 解析：本题考查固定句型 What is...like?（询问性格、外貌特征）。回答“和蔼友善”为性格，用 What...like 提问，故选 A。 22. —________ do you like summer best? —Because I can go swimming. A. What B. Why C. When D. Where 答案：B 解析：回答用 Because 引导原因，应用 Why 提问，故选 B。 23. —Is your mother a nurse ________ a doctor? —She is a nurse. A. and B. or C. but D. so 答案：B 解析：本题考查选择疑问句。在 Is...? 后提供两个选项用 or 连接，故选 B。 24. —________ do you go to the library? —Every weekend. A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much 答案：B 解析：回答“每个周末”为频率，用 How often 提问，故选 B。 25. —Does your sister ________ English well? —Yes, she ________ it every morning. A. speak; speaks B. speaks; speaks C. speak; speak D. speaks; speak 答案：A 解析：Does 提问后接原形 speak；肯定回答后陈述句 she 为三单，speak 加-s，故选 A。 26. —________ book is this? —It's ________. A. Who; my B. Whose; mine C. Whose; my D. Who; mine 答案：B 解析：询问“谁的”用 Whose；回答“我的”后无名词，用名词性物主代词 mine。故选 B。 27. —________ are these shoes? —They are 200 yuan. A. How much B. How many C. How old D. How long 答案：A 解析：询问价格用 How much，故选 A。 28. —Do you have any apples? —________. I have some oranges. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don't C. Yes, I have D. No, I haven't 答案：B 解析：由“我有一些橘子”可知没有苹果，用 No, I don't 回答。注意肯定回答中 have 不能单独用，应说 Yes, I do 或 Yes, I have some. 但此处为否定，选 B。 29. —________ are you going to do this weekend? —I'm going to visit my grandparents. A. What B. Where C. When D. Who 答案：A 解析：回答“去看望祖父母”为要做的事情，用 What 提问，故选 A。 30. —Are Tom and his sister at home? —No, ________. They are at school. A. they aren't B. they don't C. he isn't D. he doesn't 答案：A 解析：主语 Tom and his sister 为复数，用人称代词 they 替代；be 动词否定回答为 No, they aren't，故选 A。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 疑问句 （语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、疑问句的概念 1 二、一般疑问句 1 1. 定义与功能 1 2. 结构与变法 1 3. 一般疑问句的简略回答 2 三、特殊疑问句 2 1. 定义与功能 2 2. 结构 2 3. 七年级上册常见特殊疑问词及用法 3 4. 特殊疑问句的语调 3 四、选择疑问句（补充了解） 3 五、分层练习题（共30题） 4 基础层（第1-10题） 4 进阶层（第11-20题） 5 挑战层（第21-30题） 6 一、疑问句的概念 疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）是用来提出问题的句子，句末用问号（？），读时通常用升调。疑问句主要分为两大类：一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。 二、一般疑问句（General Questions） 1. 定义与功能 一般疑问句是用来询问“是否……”的问题，即对某一情况或事实的真伪进行提问。回答时通常用 Yes 或 No 开头，因此也称为“是非疑问句”。 2. 结构与变法 根据谓语动词类型，一般疑问句有两种变法： （1）含有系动词 be（am/is/are）的一般疑问句 变法：将 be 动词（am/is/are） 提到主语前面。 陈述句 一般疑问句 She is a teacher. Is she a teacher? They are happy. Are they happy? I am a student. Am I a student?（少见，但符合语法） ⚠️ 注意：I am... 变疑问句时，通常用 Are you...?（如：I am a student. → Are you a student?） （2）含有实义动词的一般疑问句 变法：根据主语人称和数，在句首添加助动词 Do 或 Does，后面的动词恢复原形。 陈述句 一般疑问句 I like apples. Do you like apples? She likes music. Does she like music? They play football. Do they play football? ⚠️ 核心法则：用了 Does 或 Do，后面的动词必须用原形。 3. 一般疑问句的简略回答 疑问类型 肯定回答 否定回答 Is she ...? Yes, she is. No, she isn't. Are they ...? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. Do you ...? Yes, I do. No, I don't. Does he ...? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't. 💡 回答时主语必须用人称代词（he/she/it/they 等），不能用名词。 三、特殊疑问句（Wh- Questions） 1. 定义与功能 特殊疑问句是用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句，用来询问具体信息（如“谁”“什么”“哪里”“何时”等），不能用 Yes/No 回答，必须给出具体信息。 2. 结构 结构：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序（助动词/be动词 + 主语 + 谓语...）？ 例：What do you like? / Where is she? 3. 七年级上册常见特殊疑问词及用法 疑问词 含义 提问对象 示例 What 什么 事物、活动、职业 What is your name? / What do you like? Who 谁 人物（主语/宾语） Who is she? / Who are they? Where 在哪里 地点 Where is my pen? / Where do you live? When 什么时候 时间 When do you get up? Why 为什么 原因（回答用 because） Why are you late? How 怎样 方式、状态 How are you? / How do you go to school? How old 多大（年龄） 年龄 How old are you? How many 多少（可数） 可数名词数量 How many apples do you have? How much 多少（不可数/价格） 不可数数量或价格 How much milk? / How much is it? What color 什么颜色 颜色 What color is your bag? What time 几点 具体时刻 What time is it? Whose 谁的 所属关系 Whose book is this? Which 哪一个 选择范围 Which one do you like? 4. 特殊疑问句的语调 · 读时通常用降调（↘），但表示友好、惊讶时也可用升调。 四、选择疑问句（补充了解） 七年级上册也简单涉及选择疑问句，即提供两种或多种选项让对方选择，用 or 连接并列成分，回答时不能用 Yes/No，必须选择其中一个。 · Is your sister a teacher or a doctor? — She is a teacher. · Do you like apples or oranges? — I like apples. 其结构本质上是在一般疑问句或特殊疑问句后加 ... or ...。 五、分层练习题（共30题） 🔰 基础层（第1-10题）——考查一般疑问句的词序、助动词选用及简略回答 1. —________ your sister a student? —Yes, she ________. A. Is; is B. Are; are C. Do; do D. Does; does 2. —________ you like swimming? —Yes, I ________. A. Are; am B. Do; do C. Does; does D. Is; is 3. —________ she have a new bike? —No, she ________. A. Do; don't B. Does; doesn't C. Is; isn't D. Are; aren't 4. —Are they your parents? —________. They are my uncle and aunt. A. Yes, they are B. No, they aren't C. Yes, they do D. No, they don't 5. —________ your brother play basketball? —Yes, he ________. He plays it every day. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Is; is D. Are; are 6. —What ________ you want to drink? —I want some water. A. are B. do C. does D. is 7. —________ is your schoolbag? —It's on the chair. A. What B. Where C. Who D. How 8. —________ color is your new coat? —It's red. A. What B. Where C. Who D. How 9. —________ you at home yesterday? —No, I ________. I was at school. A. Are; am not B. Were; wasn't C. Was; wasn't D. Did; didn't 10. —Does your mother like apples? —________. She likes oranges better. A. Yes, she does B. No, she doesn't C. Yes, she is D. No, she isn't 📈 进阶层（第11-20题）——综合考查一般疑问句与特殊疑问句的转换、疑问词辨析及介词搭配 11. —________ do you usually go to school? —By bike. A. What B. How C. Where D. When 12. —________ is the girl in red? —She is my cousin. A. What B. Who C. Where D. How 13. —________ do you get up every morning? —At 6:30. A. What time B. What color C. How many D. How much 14. —________ milk do you need? —Two glasses. A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How often 15. —________ students are there in your class? —There are forty. A. How much B. How many C. How old D. How long 16. —Is this your pencil ________ your ruler? —It's my pencil. A. and B. or C. but D. so 17. —________ does your father go to work? —He walks to work. A. What B. How C. Where D. When 18. —Are these your books? —Yes, ________. A. these are B. they are C. these do D. they do 19. —________ is your grandmother? —She is seventy years old. A. How much B. How many C. How old D. How far 20. —Does Peter ________ to school by bus? —No, he ________. He walks. A. go; doesn't B. goes; doesn't C. go; don't D. goes; don't 🏆 挑战层（第21-30题）——中考真题风格，综合性强，含一般疑问句与特殊疑问句综合运用 21. —________ is your new teacher like? —She is kind and friendly. A. What B. How C. Who D. Where 22. —________ do you like summer best? —Because I can go swimming. A. What B. Why C. When D. Where 23. —Is your mother a nurse ________ a doctor? —She is a nurse. A. and B. or C. but D. so 24. —________ do you go to the library? —Every weekend. A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much 25. —Does your sister ________ English well? —Yes, she ________ it every morning. A. speak; speaks B. speaks; speaks C. speak; speak D. speaks; speak 26. —________ book is this? —It's ________. A. Who; my B. Whose; mine C. Whose; my D. Who; mine 27. —________ are these shoes? —They are 200 yuan. A. How much B. How many C. How old D. How long 28. —Do you have any apples? —________. I have some oranges. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don't C. Yes, I have D. No, I haven't 29. —________ are you going to do this weekend? —I'm going to visit my grandparents. A. What B. Where C. When D. Who 30. —Are Tom and his sister at home? —No, ________. They are at school. A. they aren't B. they don't C. he isn't D. he doesn't 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $