Unit 2 Getting along 单元写作专项训练 2026-2027学年英语外研版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“人际交往”为主题，构建“词汇分类-句式功能-技巧策略-实战应用”四维写作训练体系，系统提升语言表达与问题解决思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |必备词汇|5类主题词|按“矛盾-解决-主题-叙事-情感”功能分类|从具体情境词汇到抽象主题概念的层级递进| |核心句式|10个功能句|“背景-矛盾-解决-结果-主题”叙事逻辑链|对应写作关键环节，形成完整表达框架| |写作技巧|4大策略+3组升级示例|先搭骨架（结构）、细节支撑（内容）、衔接升级（逻辑）、结尾扣题（主旨）|从篇章结构到语言优化的渐进式提升| |实战演练|7类写作任务（含话题/材料/邮件等）|汉译英夯实基础、句型仿写掌握结构、篇章写作综合应用|从词句到篇章，从模仿到创造的能力迁移|

Unit 2 Getting along 单元写作专项训练 一、单元核心信息 二、必备词汇 矛盾 argue over 为……争论；misunderstanding 误解；reach agreement 达成一致；be angry with 生……的气 解决 calm down 冷静；listen to 听取；put oneself in others’ shoes 换位思考；give up 放弃/让出；in return 作为回报 主题 understanding 理解；kindness 善意；respect 尊重；encourage 鼓励；get along with 与……相处 叙事表达 one day 一天；at first 起初；after a while 过了一会儿；since then 从那以后；at last 最后；to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 情感与感悟 ashamed 羞愧的；moved 感动的；honest 诚实的；forgive 原谅；apologise 道歉；trust 信任；friendship 友谊 三、核心句式 1. 【交代背景】One afternoon, an unexpected thing happened between... 一天下午，……之间发生了一件意外的事。 2. 【呈现矛盾】They argued because neither of them understood the other’s reason. 他们发生争执，因为谁都不理解对方的理由。 3. 【推动解决】After calming down, ... listened carefully and realised that... 冷静下来后，……认真倾听，并意识到…… 4. 【描述结果】At last, they reached agreement and smiled at each other. 最后，他们达成一致，相视而笑。 5. 【点明主题】The experience taught me that understanding begins with listening. 这次经历让我懂得，理解始于倾听。 6. 【描写情绪】Both of them were so angry that they stopped talking. 他们都很生气，以至于不再说话。 7. 【引入对话】Then he/she explained what had really happened. 接着，他/她解释了事情的真相。 8. 【换位思考】I tried to put myself in his/her shoes. 我试着站在他/她的角度思考。 9. 【表达歉意】I realised my mistake and apologised sincerely. 我意识到错误并真诚道歉。 10. 【总结关系】Honest communication brought us closer together. 真诚沟通使我们更加亲近。 四、写作技巧 技巧 操作方法 先搭骨架 先确定文体与段落功能，再选择材料，避免想到哪里写到哪里。 细节支撑 人物故事要有动作和转折；观点文章要有事例与分析；规则清单要具体可执行。 衔接升级 使用 however, because, as a result, for example, finally 等词体现逻辑。 结尾扣题 最后一句回应主题，并写出启示、态度或建议。 基础表达 升级表达 He had problems. He worked hard. Although he faced many problems, he kept working hard and finally succeeded. Technology is useful. It has risks. Technology makes life convenient; however, careless use may also bring risks. We helped her. She was happy. With our support, she came out of the shadows and smiled again. 五、实战演练 一、汉译英 1. 上周，我和同桌因为一把尺子发生了争执。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们都很生气，谁也不愿先解释。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 冷静下来后，我认真听了他的解释。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我意识到那只是一个误会。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 这件事让我懂得了理解和沟通的重要性。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 她没有责备我，而是耐心听我解释。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 我们最终达成一致，友谊也更加牢固。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 理解别人之前，我们应该先学会倾听。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 二、句型仿写（每个句型先读例句，再完成两道仿写） 句型1：neither... nor... 例句：They neither argued nor blamed each other. 1. 起初，我们既不说话，也不看对方。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 争执后，他们既没有微笑，也没有说话。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 句型2：After..., ... 例句：After hearing the whole story, she understood her friend. 1. 听完她的解释后，我感到很惭愧。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 向朋友道歉后，我感到轻松多了。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 句型3：It was... that... 例句：It was kindness that solved the problem. 1. 正是一次真诚的谈话让我们再次成为朋友。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 正是相互理解使他们达成了一致。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 句型4：so... that... 例句：The boy was so sorry that he apologised at once. 1. 他们太生气了，以至于谁也不愿先说话。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 她感到非常羞愧，马上向朋友道歉。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 句型5：Instead of..., ... 例句：Instead of arguing, they sat down and talked. 1. 他没有责备朋友，而是耐心倾听。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 他们没有继续争吵，而是努力达成一致。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 句型6：Before..., ... 例句：Before blaming others, we should listen to their reasons. 1. 在评价别人之前，我们应该了解事情的真相。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 在作出结论之前，我们应该站在别人的角度思考。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 三、书面表达 （话题作文） 1．某英文杂志开展“和谐邻里，和谐社区”的征文活动。请你以“It’s ______ to Get Along with Neighbours”为题写篇短文，向该杂志投稿。 注意：（1）词数80～100，补全标题，开头已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 It’s ______ to Get Along with Neighbours Neighbourhood is a place for each of us to live, and it is supposed to be peaceful and friendly. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．成长路途中难免有风雨，幸运的是总有人为我们撑伞。请结合自身经历，谈一谈在你遇到困难、面对压力时，他人对你的帮助及你的成长收获。 要求： 1. 字迹工整，语言流畅，表达准确，逻辑清晰。 2. 文中不得出现真实的校名和人名。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （材料作文） 3．在校园生活中，同学之间难免会有小摩擦，但学会包容与分享能让我们收获真挚的友谊。请结合你的真实经历，描述一次你与同学从产生矛盾到和解的过程，并说明这段经历如何帮助你学会友好相处。不少于50词。 提示词语：argue over, share, understanding, respect, get along with 提示问题： 1. What did you and your classmate argue over in the past? 2. How did you solve the problem? 3. What have you learned from the experience? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．在与同学、朋友的日常交往中，我们常常会经历欢声笑语，但也难免会遇到一些不合或矛盾。你遇见过类似的问题吗？最后是如何解决的？请你分享解决人际关系问题的一次经历，文章的要点如下： 1. 问题是什么； 2. 如何解决的； 3. 你的感受。 要求： 1. 必须包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名； 3. 词数：80左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （电子邮件） 5．假如你是李华，你的英国好友Cathy因来自父母的学习压力过大而与他们相处不融洽，请你根据要点提示，给她写一封电子邮件，表达安慰并提出一些建议。 内容提示：1.帮父母做一些家务； 2.与父母一起锻炼； 3.了解父母的爱好。 要求：1.短文必须包含以上信息； 2.可适当发挥，以保证内容的丰富与完整； 3.词数不少于80。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Cathy, I’m sorry to hear that you often get study pressure from your parents. Now here is some advice for you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope my advice can help you. With my best wishes! Li Hua （讲稿） 6．假如你将代表学校参加市中学生英语演讲比赛，请你就“Learning to get along with our parents”这一话题用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容要点如下： 现象 经常对父母发火，甚至几天不跟父母说话 原因 父母过分关注分数，我们…… 建议（不少于三点） 我们应该和父母沟通，我们…… 要求： 1.词数80左右（演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2.必须包括以上全部信息，可适当发挥； 3.不得使用真实姓名和校名。 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! Today my speech topic is “Learning to get along with our parents”. These days, most of us feel it hard to get along with our parents. We often get angry with our parents and even don’t talk to them for several days. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all for my speech. Thank you! （看图作文） 7．根据以下图片，以 “How to Get on with Parents?” 为题，写一篇英语短文，80-120词，开头已给出，但不计入总词数。                             Share housework    communicate often    show appreciation    respect each other                                                  (表达感谢)            (相互尊重) How to Get on with Parents These days most of us feel it difficult to get along with our parents. Many teenagers often have a fight with them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、汉译英 1. Last week, my deskmate and I argued over a ruler. 2. We were both angry, and neither of us wanted to explain first. 3. After calming down, I listened carefully to his explanation. 4. I realised that it was only a misunderstanding. 5. This experience taught me the importance of understanding and communication. 6. She did not blame me but listened to my explanation patiently. 7. We finally reached agreement, and our friendship became stronger. 8. Before understanding others, we should first learn to listen. 二、句型仿写 句型1：1. At first, we neither spoke nor looked at each other. 　　　 2. After the argument, they neither smiled nor spoke. 句型2：1. After hearing her explanation, I felt ashamed. 　　　 2. After apologising to my friend, I felt much better. 句型3：1. It was an honest talk that made us friends again. 　　　 2. It was mutual understanding that helped them reach agreement. 句型4：1. They were so angry that neither of them wanted to speak first. 　　　 2. She felt so ashamed that she apologised to her friend at once. 句型5：1. Instead of blaming his friend, he listened patiently. 　　　 2. Instead of continuing to argue, they tried to reach agreement. 句型6：1. Before judging others, we should learn the truth about the matter. 　　　 2. Before drawing a conclusion, we should put ourselves in others’ shoes. 三、书面表达 1．One possible version : It’s Necessary to Get Along with Neighbours Neighbourhood is a place for each of us to live, and it is supposed to be peaceful and friendly. Having a good relationship with our neighbours is really necessary for all of us. Last Friday, when I reached home, I couldn’t get in. Because of my carelessness, I lost my keys. What was worse, neither my mother nor my father was in. At that time, my neighbour, Aunt Li, passed by and asked me what happened. Then she invited me to her house to wait, and offered me a delicious meal. I was really moved then. Above all, a good relationship among neighbours is necessary for each of us. When our neighbours are in need, we should try our best to help them. All in all, we should get along with our neighbours. 2．范文： Growing up is colorful. It’s not always easy and I often felt lonely in the past. But things have changed since my head teacher Ms. Zhang had a long talk with me. She encouraged me to open my heart and lend my hand to others. I tried and it really worked. Now I have made a few friends and become more confident. I don’t find making friends that difficult now. I will not be a closed book any more. 3．例文 In my campus life, I once argued with my classmate Tom over the division of work in a science group project. He was good at online research, but I stubbornly wanted to do it myself. Our argument stopped our group work and made the atmosphere tense. To fix the problem, I apologized first. We shared our thoughts and decided to work together, dividing tasks by our strengths. In the end, our hard work paid off, and we won the first prize. From this experience, I have learned that respect, open communication and understanding are the key to getting along with classmates. Now whenever I have conflicts with others, I can keep calm and patient. 4．例文 In my daily life, I once had a conflict with my best friend. We argued over a group project because we had different ideas. At first, we didn’t talk to each other, but later I realized that communication was important. I said sorry to her, and we discussed our ideas together. Finally, we found a solution that worked for both of us. I felt happy because we solved the problem and became closer friends. This experience teaches me that understanding and communication are the key to solving problems. 5．例文： Dear Cathy, I’m sorry to hear that you often get study pressure from your parents. Now here is some advice for you. At home, you can try to help your parents with some housework. Then you can create a relaxing environment to communicate well with each other. Also, you can follow them to take exercise when you are free. At that time, you’ll have a good chance to talk about your situation in a relaxing way. They won’t push you too hard on your studies. What’s more, it’s a good idea to know about your parents’ hobbies. This can help you start a good conversation with them. Last but not least, you should let your parents know you are always studying hard and will never give up. I hope my advice can help you. With my best wishes! Li Hua 6．例文： Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! Today my speech topic is “Learning to get along with our parents”. These days，most of us feel it hard to get along with our parents. We often get angry with our parents and even don’t talk to them for several days. Here are some of the reasons. First, our parents care about our marks too much and it makes us stressed. Second, we don’t want to communicate with them. It’s time for us to change. First, we should communicate with our parents by sharing our joys and worries with them. Then, we can help do some housework to show our love for them. Finally, we should achieve a balance between our schoolwork and hobbies so that they won’t feel worried about us.　 That’s all for my speech. Thank you! 7．例文 How to Get on with Parents     These days most of us feel it difficult to get along with our parents. Many teenagers often have a fight with them. To improve the relationship, we should communicate often with our parents, sharing our thoughts and listening to their advice, which helps build trust and understanding. Showing appreciation is also important—a simple “thank you” can make them feel valued. Additionally, sharing housework lightens their burden and shows responsibility. Most importantly, we must respect each other. Even when we disagree, staying calm prevents unnecessary conflicts. By following these steps, we can create a happier and more harmonious family life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $