精品解析：天津市和平区2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷

2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 提示：本试卷包括第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分。考试时间100分钟。（请把答案写在答题纸上），祝同学们考试顺利！ 第一卷 选择题（共75分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the man arrive at the party? A. At 7:30. B At 8:00. C. At 8:30. 2. How does the man help the woman? A. By filling out the form for her. B. By telling her his personal information. C. By reading the information on the form. 3. What is the woman going to do? A. Pay for the shoes. B. Go to the shoe shop. C. Borrow money from the man. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B Doctor and patient. C. Classmates. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. What the man’s hobby is. B. Whether the man learned drawing. C. When the man went to high school. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Discussing their schedule. B. Packing for a journey. C. Deciding on a present. 7. What does Jacques like doing? A. Swimming. B. Playing basketball. C. Reading books on modern art. 8. What will the speakers most probably do next? A. Find a basketball. B. Leave home. C. Call a taxi. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至11小题。 9. When did the man’s boss call Jeff? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 10. Why didn’t Jeff come to the office on Tuesday? A. He was sick. B. He was off the day. C. He was working somewhere else. 11. How did Jeff explain the reason of his absence? A. By telephone. B. By letter. C. By e-mail. 听下面一段材料，回答第12至第15小题。 12. Why did the speaker go on the tour? A. It was the prize of a competition. B. John asked her to go with him. C. It was her travel plan. 13. What did the speaker dislike about the hotel? A. The drinks. B. The food. C. The waiters. 14. What did the speaker think of the trip to the museum? A. Disappointing. B. Amazing. C. Terrible. 15. Who stayed in the hotel in the second week? A. John. B. Lucy. C. John and Lucy. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 例：We feel ______ our duty to make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one 答案是A。 1. Paper-cutting, a folk art popular across China, ______ the hearts of art lovers worldwide ever since ancient times. A. won B. wins C. has won D. had won 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：剪纸，一种在中国广受欢迎的民间艺术，自古以来就赢得了全世界艺术爱好者的心。句中带有时间状语“ever since ancient times”，“ever since + 过去的时间点”是现在完成时的典型标志，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。同时，句子主语“Paper-cutting”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用现在完成时的单数形式“has won”。 2. A great number of ancient craftworks, as experts have pointed out, ________ carefully in the local museum all year round. A. protect B. are protected C. protected D. were protected 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：正如专家们指出的那样，大量的古代工艺品常年被小心地保护在当地的博物馆里。根据句中的时间状语all year round可知，此处描述的是经常性的状态，用一般现在时。句子的主语A great number of ancient craftworks与动词protect之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用are protected。 3. The master painter has created dozens of landscape paintings, some of ________ reflect the beauty of Chinese mountains and rivers perfectly. A. them B. which C. what D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位绘画大师创作了几十幅山水画，其中一些完美地反映了中国山河之美。逗号前后两个分句之间没有并列连词，因此后半句不能是独立的句子，而应是一个非限制性定语从句。先行词为landscape paintings，指代事物，且关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，故应使用关系代词which引导该从句。 4. ________ the long history and rich culture behind calligraphy, more and more teenagers decide to learn it in their spare time. A. Realizing B. Realized C. To realize D. Having been realized 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：意识到书法背后悠久的历史和丰富的文化，越来越多的青少年决定在业余时间学习它。逻辑主语more and more teenagers与realize之间为主动关系，用现在分词Realizing，作原因状语。 5. ________ proper training in traditional opera for years, the young performer gave an impressive show on the stage. A. Receiving B. Received C. Having received D. To receive 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：接受了多年的传统戏曲正规训练后，这位年轻的表演者在舞台上呈现了一场令人印象深刻的演出。句中已有谓语动词gave，且无连词，故空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语the young performer与动词receive之间为主动关系，且根据“proper training in traditional opera for years(多年的传统戏曲正规训练)”可知，“接受训练”这一动作发生在谓语动词gave之前，因此需要使用现在分词的完成式。 6. —I’d like to know if you’re satisfied with my work. How am I doing? —________. I believe you will be getting promotion. A. Never mind B. Help yourself C. Forget it D. Keep it up 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——我想知道你对我的工作是否满意。我做得怎么样?——保持下去。我相信你会升职的。A. Never mind不要紧，不用在意；B. Help yourself 自便；C. Forget it没关系；D. Keep it up继续努力。根据空格后“我相信你会升职的”可知，此处在鼓励对方。选项D. Keep it up继续努力，用于鼓励对方。故选D。 7. —This is the worst food I’ve ever tasted. —______. I won’t eat here any more. A. You can say that again B. It’s up to you C. It’s out of the question D. That depends 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—这是我吃过的最难吃的食物。—你说得对。我不会再在这里吃了。A. You can say that again你说的对；B. It’s up to you你说了算；C. It’s out of the question 不可能的；D. That depends视情况而定。根据空后的“I won’t eat here any more.”可知，后者是对前者说法的赞同或认可，所以结合选项，此空表示“你说的对”为You can say that again。故选A项。 8. It takes patience and wisdom to ________ the deep cultural meaning hidden in ancient poems to modern readers. A. get through B. get across C. get away D. get about 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：向现代读者传达隐藏在古诗中的深层文化内涵需要耐心和智慧。A. get through通过；B. get across传达；C. get away逃脱；D. get about四处走动。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语get across“传达”，符合语境。 9. Many young bloggers ________ old folk tales and shoot short videos to carry forward traditional culture online. A. make up B. pick up C. take up D. turn up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多年轻博主改编古老民间故事并拍摄短视频，在网上弘扬传统文化。A. make up编造，改编；B. pick up拾起；C. take up开始从事；D. turn up出现。根据后文“old folk tales”以及“shoot short videos to carry forward traditional culture online”可知，此处指改编民间故事，拍摄视频，在网上弘扬传统文化，所以make up符合语境。 10. You ________ push yourself to practise shadow puppetry day and night. You have mastered the basic skills already. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你不必日夜逼迫自己练习皮影戏。你已经掌握了基本技能。A. mustn’t禁止，不准；B. can’t不能，不可能；C. needn’t不必，没必要；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据后半句“You have mastered the basic skills already.( 你已经掌握了基本技能。)”可知，此处表示既然已经掌握了基础，就“没有必要”日夜练习了。needn’t意为“不必，不需要”，符合语境。 11. Most people prefer sweet rice dumplings for Dragon Boat Festival, ________ a small number of locals stick to salty ones. A. because B. while C. unless D. since 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：大多数人端午节更喜欢甜粽子，而少数当地人坚持吃咸粽子。A. because因为；B. while然而；C. unless除非；D. since 自从。前后句的“大多数人”与“少数当地人”以及“甜粽子”与“咸粽子”形成了明显的对比关系，while在此处表示对比。 12. The cloisonné (景泰蓝) works on show feature bright colours and ________ patterns, winning high praise from visitors. A. shallow B. distant C. elegant D. raw 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：展出的景泰蓝作品以鲜艳的色彩和典雅的图案为特色，赢得了参观者的高度赞扬。A. shallow浅的；B. distant遥远的；C. elegant典雅的，优雅的；D. raw生的，未加工的。根据‌“winning high praise from visitors”可推知，景泰蓝作品的图案应该是精美典雅的，才能赢得参观者的高度赞扬，用形容词elegant作并列定语。 13. Powered by advanced AI, robots can ________ tell people’s moods from their facial expressions now. A. exactly B. gradually C. mostly D. partly 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：在先进的人工智能的驱动下，机器人现在能够根据人们的面部表情准确地辨别出他们的情绪。A. exactly精确地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. mostly大部分；D. partly部分地。根据题干中的“Powered by advanced AI”可知，先进的技术使得机器人能够精准地辨别人们的情绪。 14. Believe it or not, it is completely ________ me how ancient people built the Great Wall without modern machinery. A. across B. beside C. without D. beyond 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：信不信由你，古人在没有现代机械的情况下是如何建造长城的，这完全超出了我的理解范围。A. across穿过；B. beside在……旁边；C. without没有；D. beyond超出。根据句意可知，此处为介词beyond“超出”，构成固定搭配beyond sb. 表示“超出某人的理解、想象，无法明白”，符合语境。 15. Studying traditional culture can bring people a lasting ________, rather than just temporary joy. A. relief B. disappointment C. regret D. satisfaction 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：学习传统文化能给人们带来持久的满足感，而不是仅仅暂时的快乐。A. relief宽慰；B. disappointment失望；C. regret遗憾；D. satisfaction满足。根据上文“Studying traditional culture”可知，学习传统文化能带来持久的满足感。 第二节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In the summer of my nineteenth year, I boarded a train from Xining to Lhasa, a journey of over twenty hours across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. I had read about the railway’s engineering marvels — the bridges, the tunnels, the way the tracks seemed to float above the frozen earth. But none of that ____16____ me for what I actually saw. The train left in the evening. By midnight, most passengers had fallen asleep. I stayed awake, my face ____17____ against the cold window, watching the moonlight on the snow-covered mountains. The landscape was unlike anything I had ____18____ before: vast, silent, and utterly indifferent to human presence. I felt small, but in a way that was strangely ____19____. Around dawn, a fellow passenger, an elderly Tibetan woman, ____20____ me a cup of butter tea from her thermos. I didn’t speak her language, and she didn’t speak mine. We communicated through ____21____ — smiles, nods, the simple act of sharing warmth. She pointed at the rising sun as it ____22____ the peaks one by one, and I understood. Some things need no translation. The train climbed higher. At Tanggula Pass, over 5,000 meters above sea level, a child sitting behind me began to cry, ____23____ by the thin air. His mother held him close, and the woman next to her — a stranger until that moment — ____24____ her own oxygen tube. It was a small gesture, but on that train, in that thin air, it felt _____25_____. What I remember most about that journey is not the mountains or the altitude. It is the _____26_____ between strangers that arose naturally, without effort. The train was not just a vehicle; it was a shared _____27_____ that brought people together in ways that daily life rarely does. In the years since, whenever I feel disconnected from the world, I think back to that train and the _____28_____ that existed among people who had nothing in common but the journey itself. We arrived in Lhasa at dusk. As I stepped onto the platform, the elderly Tibetan woman _____29_____ and put something into my hand: a small prayer flag. I still have it. It reminds me that the most _____30_____ moments in life are often the ones we never planned. 16. A. prepared B. thanked C. rewarded D. excused 17. A. supported B. pressed C. turned D. bent 18. A. experienced B. judged C. attempted D. accepted 19. A. lonely B. comforting C. alarming D. confusing 20. A. made B. poured C. offered D. returned 21. A. signs B. signals C. gestures D. sounds 22. A. covered B. hid C. removed D. lit 23. A. frightened B. affected C. surprised D. attracted 24. A. handed over B. put away C. picked up D. pointed at 25. A. costly B. enormous C. simple D. ordinary 26. A. conversation B. tension C. competition D. kindness 27. A. task B. goal C. lesson D. bond 28. A. hardship B. difference C. connection D. agreement 29. A. walked away B. gave up C. drew near D. held on 30. A. thrilling B. casual C. difficult D. meaningful 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者乘坐青藏列车前往拉萨的旅途经历。壮阔的高原风景、陌生路人的善意举动，让作者体会到陌生人之间纯粹的温暖与联结，也领悟到人生中最珍贵的美好往往源于不期而遇。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：但这些都没能让我为亲眼所见的景象做好准备。A. prepared使准备好；B. thanked感谢；C. rewarded奖励；D. excused原谅。根据上文“I had read about the railway’s engineering marvels”可知，作者提前了解过青藏铁路的工程奇观，但依旧没能预料、准备好迎接亲眼所见的震撼景象。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：我保持清醒，脸贴在冰冷的车窗上，看着月光洒在白雪覆盖的山峦上。A. supported支撑；B. pressed贴、压；C. turned转动；D. bent弯曲。根据下文“against the cold window”可知，作者将脸颊紧贴、按压在冰冷的车窗上眺望窗外景色。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：这片风景与我以往经历过的一切都截然不同：辽阔、寂静，全然无视人类的存在。A. experienced经历；B. judged评判；C. attempted尝试；D. accepted接受。根据上文“watching the moonlight on the snow-covered mountains”可知，作者观赏着月光洒落雪山的独特景致，这片高原风光是作者以往从未经历过的。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我感到自身的渺小，但这种感觉却莫名令人宽慰。A. lonely孤独的；B. comforting令人宽慰的；C. alarming令人担忧的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“The landscape was unlike anything I had before: vast, silent, and utterly indifferent to human presence”可知，辽阔寂静的高原景致让作者心生渺小感，却也带来了别样的平静与宽慰。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：黎明时分，一位藏族年长女乘客从保温瓶里倒出一杯酥油茶，主动递给我。A. made制作；B. poured倾倒；C. offered主动提供；D. returned归还。根据下文“me a cup of butter tea from her thermos”以及“We communicated through — smiles, nods, the simple act of sharing warmth”可知，陌生的藏族阿姨主动分享酥油茶，用善意的举动传递温暖。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们通过肢体动作交流——微笑、点头、传递温暖的简单举动。A. signs迹象；B. signals信号；C. gestures手势、肢体动作；D. sounds声音。根据上文“I didn’t speak her language, and she didn’t speak mine”可知，二人语言不通，只能依靠肢体动作沟通。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：她指着缓缓升起的太阳，阳光逐一照亮连绵的山峰，我瞬间明白了她的意思。A. covered覆盖；B. hid隐藏；C. removed移除；D. lit照亮。根据上文“the rising sun”可知，初升的太阳洒落光芒，逐一照亮群山峰顶。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：在海拔五千米的唐古拉山口，我身后的一个孩子因空气稀薄产生不适，开始哭闹。A. frightened使害怕；B. affected影响、使不适；C. surprised使惊讶；D. attracted吸引。根据上文“over 5,000 meters above sea level”和下文“the thin air”可知，高海拔的稀薄空气影响了孩子的身体，使其不适哭闹。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：孩子的母亲紧紧抱着他，她身旁一位此前素不相识的女士递出了自己的氧气管。A. handed over交出、递出；B. put away收好；C. picked up捡起；D. pointed at指向。根据上文“a child sitting behind me began to cry, by the thin air”以及后文“her own oxygen tube”可知，高海拔稀薄空气让孩子身体不适，陌生女士主动递出自己的氧气管提供帮助。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这只是一个微小的举动，但在那趟列车上、那般稀薄的空气里，这份善意却意义重大。A. costly昂贵的；B. enormous巨大的、意义重大的；C. simple简单的；D. ordinary普通的。根据上文“the thin air”可知，海拔极高、空气稀薄，氧气尤为珍贵，因此这份举手之劳的善意显得格外意义重大。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：这段旅途我最难忘的不是群山与海拔，而是陌生人之间自然而然、毫不刻意的善意。A. conversation对话；B. tension紧张；C. competition竞争；D. kindness善意。根据上文陌生藏族阿姨赠茶、陌生女士让出氧气管的暖心举动可知，这段旅途最动人的是陌生人之间纯粹的善意。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：这趟列车不仅仅是交通工具，更是一条纽带，以日常生活中少见的方式将人们联结在一起。A. task任务；B. goal目标；C. lesson教训；D. bond联结、纽带。根据下文“brought people together”可知，列车成为拉近陌生人、联结彼此的纽带。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：此后多年，每当我感觉与世界疏离，我都会回想起那趟列车，想起那群仅因旅途结缘的人们之间存在的温暖联结。A. hardship艰难；B. difference差异；C. connection联结；D. agreement同意。根据上文“it was a shared that brought people together”可知，列车让素不相识的旅人相聚，彼此之间形成了温暖的羁绊与联结。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：黄昏时分我们抵达拉萨，当我踏上站台时，那位藏族年长阿姨走近我，将一样东西放在我手中：一面小小的经幡。A. walked away走开；B. gave up放弃；C. drew near走近；D. held on坚持。根据下文“put something into my hand: a small prayer flag”可知，阿姨主动上前靠近作者，赠予作者纪念礼物。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它时刻提醒着我，生命中最有意义的时刻，往往都是那些不期而遇的瞬间。A. thrilling激动的；B. casual随意的；C. difficult困难的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文旅途中陌生人不求回报的善意、不期而遇的温暖可知，这些未曾计划的瞬间，是人生中格外有意义的珍贵时刻。 第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Research Proposal Submission Guide All student-led research projects need formal department approval before data collection can begin. This guide explains the procedure and rules for submitting your proposal. Submission Window Proposals are only accepted during the fall and spring cycles. The fall cycle runs from September 1st to October 15th, and the spring cycle from February 1st to March 15th. If your documents arrive outside these windows, the system will automatically reject them and they cannot be opened. There are no exceptions. What a Proposal Must Contain A complete package must include three separate parts, each of which the review committee will assess independently. First, a project statement that explains your research based on a review of existing studies and describes your method. Second, a timeline with clear, measurable milestones for the project period. Third, a cost breakdown showing that all expected expenses are necessary and reasonable. Packages that are incomplete or in the wrong order will be returned without being evaluated. File Naming Rules Every file you upload must follow this naming pattern: Surname_Initials_Component.pdf — for example, Chen_X_ProjectStatement.pdf. A file with a title that does not match this pattern or cannot be recognized will be treated as missing. It is your responsibility to double-check this before you finalize your submission. Review Standards The committee uses a standard scoring framework. The four weighted factors are: academic value (40%), soundness of design (30%), achievability (20%), and budget reasonableness (10%). The design score mainly reflects whether your research design is logically consistent. Proposals that rest on unverifiable assumptions or lack a clearly defined, measurable outcome will be scored poorly. After the Review Within four weeks of a cycle closing, the committee gives one of three decisions: approved, revisable, or declined. A “revisable” decision is time-sensitive — you have exactly 14 calendar days to upload a revised version that addresses all the committee’s concerns. 31. What happens to a proposal handed in on October 20th? A. It will be held for the next cycle. B. It will fail to clear the system’s check. C. It will be reviewed with a lower priority. D. It will be given a manual extension. 32. Which of the following aspects carries the least weight in deciding a proposal’s fate? A. Whether the money asked for makes sense. B. Whether the goals can be clearly measured. C. Whether the research design holds together logically. D. Whether the project is of high academic worth. 33. What must a student do upon receiving a “revisable” decision? A. Move forward with data collection while fixing the proposal. B. Reach out to committee members for individual guidance. C. Beat the clock and get the revised version back in two weeks. D. Challenge the committee’s concerns through a formal channel. 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一份研究计划书提交指南，介绍了提交时间窗口、材料要求、命名规则、评审标准以及结果处理规则。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据Submission Window板块“The fall cycle runs from September 1st to October 15th, and the spring cycle from February 1st to March 15th. If your documents arrive outside these windows, the system will automatically reject them and they cannot be opened.(秋季周期从9月1日持续到10月15日，春季周期从2月1日到3月15日。如果文件超出窗口期提交，系统将自动驳回且无法打开)”可知，10月20日已超出秋季截止日期，提案无法通过系统审核。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据Review Standards板块“The four weighted factors are: academic value (40%), soundness of design (30%), achievability (20%), and budget reasonableness (10%).(四项评分权重：学术价值40%、设计完善度30%、可实现性20%、预算合理性10%)”可知，预算合理性权重最低。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据After the Review板块“A “revisable” decision is time-sensitive — you have exactly 14 calendar days to upload a revised version that addresses all the committee’s concerns.(“可修改”的决定具有时间限制——您必须在14个日历日内上传修改后的版本，以解决委员会提出的全部问题)”可知，收到可修改结果需在两周内完成修改并重新提交。 B My mother, Elara, was a woman of few words but deep actions. She worked in the map room of the National Archives, a quiet place filled with the smell of old paper and ink. Growing up, I thought maps were fixed facts: a river always blue, a mountain forever brown. In my teenage world, everything was digital and instant — a phone voice told me where to turn in seconds. My mother’s skill of drawing by hand seemed beautiful but a waste of time, a fight against the efficiency I valued above all. The gap between us grew during those years. I saw her bent shoulders over a piece of special drawing paper not as love for her work, but as simply giving in to the past. I dreamed of building the digital platforms that would make her skills completely unnecessary. I believed progress meant throwing away the old, and in my teenage pride, I let her know it. My view began to change not through a sudden moment of understanding, but through small breakdowns. Once, a software update mistakenly moved a simple address three states away on my screen. Another time, a satellite system placed me, with total certainty, on the wrong side of a river. I started to notice what my mother’s maps kept that my computer programs did not: the feel of a landscape, the local names of forgotten paths, the small signs on the ground that guide a walker when the battery dies. Her maps didn’t just show locations; they told stories. One evening, I asked to see her latest project. It was a special map of the valley where she grew up, made for a hundred-year celebration. As her ink-stained finger traced the line of a stream, she said, “This is where we caught little fish. And here, this slight dip, is where the wild strawberries grew sweetest.” The map came alive with her memories, a richly detailed record of a life that no flying camera could capture. I realized her work was not about refusing the future; it was about offering a necessary different choice — a record not just of space, but of lived experience and feeling. The lifeless precision I valued could never match her art, which was a geography of belonging. 34. The phrase “giving in to the past” (Paragraph 2) suggests the author thought her mother ________. A. studied old ways of making maps carefully B. kept rare objects that she loved firmly C. stuck to things that were no longer useful D. considered learning new skills a waste of time 35. What brought about the change in the author’s opinion? A. The impact of a software upgrade going wrong. B. The uncertainty of human-machine communication. C. Unnecessary sudden changes to the operating platform. D. The unexpected failures of her own trusted digital technology. 36. Why does the writer talk about “the small signs on the ground” (Paragraph 3)? A. To show the maps include practical details unseen by flying cameras. B. To prove the maps are based on official survey data from government records. C. To explain the maps mainly focus on famous scenic spots. D. To tell readers the maps are designed for professional hikers and explorers. 37. What key viewpoint does the author intend to convey in the passage? A. Digital mapping tools won’t eventually replace all traditional skills. B. The true worth of a craft may lie not in its efficiency but in its human touch. C. Professional success requires abandoning new methods for old ones. D. People prefer the personal experiences of cartographers to map symbols. 【答案】34. C 35. D 36. A 37. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者年少推崇高效的数字技术、轻视母亲手工绘制地图的传统技艺，在多次遭遇数字工具失灵后幡然醒悟，认识到传统手艺蕴含科技无法替代的人文温度与生活价值。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The gap between us grew during those years. I saw her bent shoulders over a piece of special drawing paper not as love for her work, but as simply giving in to the past. I dreamed of building the digital platforms that would make her skills completely unnecessary. I believed progress meant throwing away the old.(那些年里，我们之间的距离逐渐拉大。我看到她弯着肩膀，俯身趴在一张特殊的绘图纸上方绘制，并不把这看作是她对工作的热爱，而认为仅仅是因为giving in to the past。我曾立志打造数字平台，让她的手艺彻底无用，我认为进步就是摒弃旧事物)”可知，giving in to the past表明作者当时认为母亲坚守的手绘地图是过时、无用的旧事物。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“My view began to change not through a sudden moment of understanding, but through small breakdowns. Once, a software update mistakenly moved a simple address three states away on my screen. Another time, a satellite system placed me, with total certainty, on the wrong side of a river.(我的观念并非突然顿悟，而是源于一次次小故障。有一次，软件更新错误地将我屏幕上的一个简单地址移动了三个州。还有一次，一个卫星系统把我完全确定地放在了河的错误一边)”可知，作者一直信赖的数字技术频繁意外失灵，改变了她的看法。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“I started to notice what my mother’s maps kept that my computer programs did not: the feel of a landscape, the local names of forgotten paths, the small signs on the ground that guide a walker when the battery dies.(我发现母亲的地图拥有电脑程序没有的东西：地貌质感、被遗忘小路的本地名称、电量耗尽时能指引行人的地面细微标识)”以及文末“no flying camera could capture(航拍相机无法捕捉)”可知，作者提及地面细微标识，是为了体现手绘地图包含航拍和数字技术无法覆盖的实用细节。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，作者从推崇数字效率，到最终领悟：母亲的手绘地图不止标注位置，更承载记忆、体验与人文温度。根据最后一段“The lifeless precision I valued could never match her art, which was a geography of belonging.(我所看重的毫无温度的精准，永远比不上这份饱含归属感的手艺)”可知，作者通过文章传达了：一门手艺的真正价值，不在于效率，而在于独有的人文温度。 C In the late 1960s, behavioral researcher John B. Calhoun carried out a series of experiments that led to one of the most disturbing and surprising findings in behavioral science. He built “Universe 25”, a carefully prepared “mouse perfect-world” — a 2.7-meter-square enclosed space capable of supporting over 3,000 mice, with endless food, water, and nesting materials, kept perfectly clean and free of disease. Four pairs of healthy mice were placed inside. The early stage was marked by exploding population growth. But an unavoidable collapse, now called “behavioral sinking,” revealed a deep weakness that Calhoun argued was rooted in the very nature of social living itself. The downward slide was not set off by a lack of resources. Instead, it was a crisis of meaning. The perfect environment had removed the survival challenges that had long shaped mouse behavior. In the wild, mice must search for food, avoid hunters, and establish territories — activities that create a layered social structure and distribute behavioral roles. In Universe 25, every need was met within a perfectly functioning system, which broke down the physical and social distances that define a healthy community. The absence of necessity encouraged extreme crowding at certain feeding spots, even when identical, empty ones stood nearby. Calhoun observed that social interaction became a source of harm. Normal mating and mothering behaviors broke down. Male mice became withdrawn and depressed, or sickeningly aggressive, starting fights without purpose. A smaller group he named “the beautiful ones” appeared — clean, perfect-looking mice that spent their entire lives grooming, eating, and sleeping in separated corners, completely cut off from all group meeting, including reproducing. These individuals had an outward appearance of physical perfection, but had become utterly empty of purpose and social role. The physical breakdown came not from disease, but from a psychological and social collapse. Female mice stopped building nests and carrying their babies to full term. The young that were born were increasingly neglected and showed serious developmental problems. Eventually, the population settled at a level too low to sustain itself, dominated by the socially detached, and then died out entirely. While Calhoun’s direct conclusions about humans are rightly questioned, Universe 25 lives on as a story-like touchstone. It hints that a society’s ability to survive depends less on material plenty than on the protection of purpose, diverse social roles, and the need for meaningful, challenging engagement with the environment. 38. The phrase “behavioral sinking” (Paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to ________. A. a sudden explosion in population numbers B. a disease-driven drop in physical health C. a violent fight over limited feeding resources D. a social falling apart caused by the lack of meaningful challenges 39. How did “the beautiful ones” behave within the community? A. They turned extremely aggressive and guarded their own space. B. They continued all normal mating and child-raising activities. C. They tried to take charge and restore the group’s order. D. They isolated themselves and avoided any form of social contact. 40. What directly caused the physical collapse of the mouse society? A. A deadly virus that spread through the crowded population. B. The failure of parenting and reproductive behaviors. C. A genetic change that affected the mice’s ability to survive. D. The gradual loss of communicating and physical fighting skills. 41. What function does the last paragraph serve in the text? A. It points out the symbolic lesson the experiment offers for societies. B. It questions the scientific accuracy of Calhoun’s experimental methods. C. It provides a direct warning about the dangers of human overcrowding. D. It details the step-by-step process of the mouse community’s collapse. 【答案】38. D 39. D 40. B 41. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了卡尔霍恩的“25号宇宙”老鼠实验。在物资充足、无生存压力的完美环境中，鼠群最终出现行为崩塌、社会解体并彻底消亡，揭示了社会存续更依赖有意义的挑战与社会角色，而非物质富足。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“But an unavoidable collapse, now called “behavioral sinking”, revealed a deep weakness that Calhoun argued was rooted in the very nature of social living itself.(但一场不可避免的崩溃，如今被称为“behavioral sinking”，暴露出了一个深层弱点，卡尔霍恩认为这种弱点根植于社会生活本身的本质之中。)”和第二段“The downward slide was not set off by a lack of resources. Instead, it was a crisis of meaning. The perfect environment had removed the survival challenges that had long shaped mouse behavior.(这种衰退并非资源匮乏导致，而是一场意义危机。完美的环境消除了长期塑造老鼠行为的生存挑战)”可知，老鼠在物资充足、无生存压力的环境中，失去生活目标与社会秩序，出现群体行为衰退、社会体系瓦解的现象，因此“behavioral sinking”指代因缺乏有意义的挑战而造成的社会崩塌。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A smaller group he named “the beautiful ones” appeared — clean, perfect-looking mice that spent their entire lives grooming, eating, and sleeping in separated corners, completely cut off from all group meeting, including reproducing.(他发现了一个被他命名为“美丽鼠群”的小群体——这些老鼠外形干净完美，终日在独处的角落梳理毛发、进食、睡觉，彻底脱离所有群体活动，包括繁衍后代)”可知，它们自我隔离、杜绝一切社交活动。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The physical breakdown came not from disease, but from a psychological and social collapse. Female mice stopped building nests and carrying their babies to full term. The young that were born were increasingly neglected and showed serious developmental problems.(种群的消亡并非疾病导致，而是心理与社会崩塌。雌鼠不再筑巢、无法足月繁育，幼鼠被忽视、发育异常)”可知，繁育与育幼行为的彻底失效是种群消亡的直接原因。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It hints that a society’s ability to survive depends less on material plenty than on the protection of purpose, diverse social roles, and the need for meaningful, challenging engagement with the environment.(该实验暗示，一个社会的存续，更少取决于物质富足，而更多取决于目标感、多元社会角色以及与环境进行有意义、有挑战的互动)”可知，尾段提炼实验的象征意义与社会启示。 D We admire certainty. Leaders who speak with confidence, experts who offer clear answers, friends who seem sure of their path — these are the people we tend to trust and follow. Uncertainty, by contrast, is something most of us try to hide. We fear that admitting “I don’t know” will make us look weak or unprepared. But a growing number of thinkers argue that our uneasiness with uncertainty may be holding us back — and that learning to accept not knowing is an underappreciated skill. Research in decision-making shows that people who are at ease with uncertainty tend to arrive at better choices in complex situations. The reason is that they are more willing to gather information before reaching a conclusion, rather than rushing to an answer simply to escape the discomfort of doubt. In a series of studies, participants who scored higher on measures of “being okay with unclear situations” were found to take more time with difficult problems and to produce more creative solutions. They were also less likely to fall into common decision traps, such as sticking with a failing plan simply because they had already invested time in it. Uncertainty also plays a key part in scientific thinking. The scientific method is built on the recognition that current knowledge is always open to change. A good scientist does not claim to have final answers but instead holds theories lightly, ready to update them when new evidence appears. This intellectual humility — the willingness to say “I might be wrong” — is not a weakness in science; it is the engine of progress. In everyday life, however, admitting uncertainty can be difficult. Social media rewards quick, confident opinions, and there is often little room for the kind of careful, doubtful thinking that leads to deeper understanding. This creates a culture in which appearing certain matters more than being accurate. The result is that people often dig into fixed positions rather than explore questions. Learning to sit with uncertainty is not the same as being unable to decide. It is the ability to hold off on judgment until enough evidence is gathered. It is the willingness to live with questions that don’t yet have answers. In a complex world, this may be exactly what we need more of — not fewer confident answers, but more thoughtful questions. 42. What advantage do people who accept uncertainty have, according to the research? A. They make decisions in a much faster way. B. They are more likely to follow those in charge. C. They focus better and reach fully considered decisions. D. They feel less pressure in all aspects of daily life. 43. Why is uncertainty valuable in scientific thinking? A. It makes room for ideas to be questioned and improved. B. It allows scientists to stick with theories already proven to be true. C. It suggests scientific work can seldom produce trustworthy results. D. It encourages scientists to hold on to the explanations they know best. 44. What concern does the author raise about social media culture? A. It encourages users to form more thoughtful questions. B. It puts appearing sure before factual correctness. C. It leaves too much space for doubt and open discussion. D. It makes it easier for real experts to spread their knowledge. 45. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. The Power of Admitting I Don’t Know B. The Hidden Costs of Sounding Certain C. Why Uncertainty Is the Key to Success D. Why Scientists Value Doubt More Than Proof 【答案】42. C 43. A 44. B 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要论述了“接纳不确定性”的价值。人们普遍推崇确定性、害怕承认未知，但研究表明，接纳未知能让人做出更审慎的决策、推动科学进步，在当下尤为重要。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Research in decision-making shows that people who are at ease with uncertainty tend to arrive at better choices in complex situations. The reason is that they are more willing to gather information before reaching a conclusion, rather than rushing to an answer simply to escape the discomfort of doubt.(决策研究表明，能够坦然接受不确定性的人，往往能在复杂情境中做出更好的选择。原因在于，他们更愿意在得出结论前收集信息，而非单纯为了摆脱疑虑的不适感而仓促得出答案)”可知，接纳不确定性的人思考更充分、专注思考问题，能够做出周全、审慎的决策。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Uncertainty also plays a key part in scientific thinking. The scientific method is built on the recognition that current knowledge is always open to change... ready to update them when new evidence appears.(不确定性在科学思维中也起着关键作用。科学方法建立在现有知识可被修正的认知之上，科学家随时准备根据新证据更新理论)”可知，不确定性为理论的质疑、修正与完善提供了空间，推动科学进步。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“This creates a culture in which appearing certain matters more than being accurate.(这造就了一种社会风气：看似笃定比事实准确更重要)”可知，社交媒体文化重表象的自信笃定而轻视事实正误。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕接纳未知、承认“我不知道”的益处展开：优化决策、助力科学发展、改善浮躁的社会认知，核心是承认未知的力量，A项精准概括全文主旨，为最佳标题。 第二卷 非选择题（共25分） 注意事项：1．请用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卷上。 2．本卷共6小题，满分25分。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Last winter, I stopped by a local convenience store to buy a bottle of hot drink after finishing my evening part-time job. The wind blew sharply outside, and my hands were already numb with cold. When I got to the checkout counter, I found an elderly man standing ahead of me. He wore an old worn coat and looked a little nervous. The man pulled out a few loose coins and counted them again and again. It was clear that he did not have enough money to pay for a small box of cookies and a cup of hot tea. He hesitated for a moment, then slowly put the cookies back on the shelf, keeping only the cheap hot tea. A faint look of disappointment crossed his face. Seeing this, I made a quick decision. I walked forward gently and told the cashier that I would pay for both his tea and the box of cookies. The elderly man looked up at me in surprise and kept saying thanks. I just smiled and told him not to worry about it. Before I left the store, he asked for my name, but I refused and waved goodbye. A week later, I went to the same store again. To my surprise, the cashier told me that the old man had come every day since that cold evening. He did not come to spend money. Instead, he just chatted with the staff, helped tidy up goods on shelves, and held the door open for other customers. He wanted to pass on the warmth he had received. This simple act became his daily routine and brought him steady joy. The cashier also said the man once mentioned that my small act of kindness had buoyed him greatly. He used to feel lonely and helpless, but that tiny favor made him realize there was still kindness around. Now I fully understand that kindness is never a one-way street. A simple good deed may seem insignificant to the giver, but it can light up someone’s whole world and create a chain of warmth. 46. What can we infer about the elderly man from his actions? (no more than 12 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. What did the elderly man do in the store later? (no more than 15 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. What is the main idea of the whole passage? (no more than 12 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 49. What do the underlined words in Paragraph 5 mean? (no more than 5 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 50. What do you think of the chain of kindness? Please give your reason. (no more than 25 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. He was short of money and felt upset. 47. He chatted with the staff, tidied goods and held doors for customers. 48. Small kindness creates a chain of warmth. 49. Cheered him up./Encouraged him./Lifted his spirits. 50. It is of great value. It spreads warmth and makes people connected. Or: I admire it. It creates an endless circle of warmth and love. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者在冬日为拮据的陌生老人垫付购物费用，老人深受触动，坚持在便利店传递善意，最终诠释了小小善意能够形成温暖连锁反应的人生道理。 【46题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第二段“The man pulled out a few loose coins and counted them again and again. It was clear that he did not have enough money to pay for a small box of cookies and a cup of hot tea. He hesitated for a moment, then slowly put the cookies back on the shelf, keeping only the cheap hot tea. A faint look of disappointment crossed his face.(男人掏出几枚零散的硬币，反复数了好几遍。很明显，他身上的钱不够买一小盒曲奇饼干再加一杯热茶。他迟疑片刻，慢慢把饼干放回货架，只留下价格低廉的热茶。一丝失望掠过他的脸庞。)”可知，老人资金匮乏且心情低落。 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“Instead, he just chatted with the staff, helped tidy up goods on shelves, and held the door open for other customers.(相反，他只是和店员聊天、帮忙整理货架商品、为顾客开门)”可知，老人后续在店内做这些力所能及的善事传递温暖。 【48题详解】 考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“A simple good deed may seem insignificant to the giver, but it can light up someone’s whole world and create a chain of warmth.(一件简单的善事或许微不足道，却能点亮他人世界，形成温暖的连锁反应)”可知，文章主旨为微小善意能催生温暖连锁反应。 【49题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据第五段“He used to feel lonely and helpless, but that tiny favor made him realize there was still kindness around.(他曾经孤独无助，但这份小小的帮助让他发现身边仍有善意)”可知，小小善举给了他很大的鼓舞，buoyed him greatly意为“鼓舞他、使他振作”。 【50题详解】 考查观点表达。通读全文可知，善意连锁反应极具意义，能够传递温暖、联结他人、温暖社会，结合题干字数限制合理作答即可，比如：它很有价值。它传播温暖，让人们联系在一起。或者：我很欣赏它。它创造了一个无尽的温暖和爱的循环。 第二节 书面表达（共1小题，满分15分） 51. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你校英文报“Youth Vision”正在举办题为“My Plan for Life”的征文活动，下面是一张刊登在校园网站上的征文启事，请你根据征文启事的内容，结合自己的实际情况，写一篇英文稿件。 My Plan for Life Everything needs a plan, and life is no exception. From daily routines and hobbies to academic goals and career paths, a good plan keeps us heading in the right direction. With the arrival of the AI era, the world is changing faster than ever before. What kind of life do you hope to lead? And how will you prepare yourself for it? Share with us: ◆ Your vision of an ideal life ◆ Your steps to turn it into reality All entries are welcome! Let your voice be heard. Deadline: July 30, 2026 Submit to: youthvision@chenguang.edu.cn 注意： （1）不得在文中出现真实姓名和学校名称； （2）词数不少于100； （3）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 My Plan for Life ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One reference version: My Plan for Life My ideal life is one where I do work that matters. I hope to become a biomedical researcher, contributing to the fight against diseases that still trouble millions. To get there, my immediate plan is to strengthen my science foundation and improve my English so that I can keep up with cutting-edge research. I also intend to learn basic programming, since AI tools are becoming essential in the lab. Of course, a good life is not just about work. I plan to keep playing the guitar, stay active through regular exercise, and set aside time for family and friends. A plan, after all, should serve the whole person — not just the resume. The future is full of unknowns, especially in the age of AI. But as the saying goes, “The best way to predict the future is to create it.” And that’s exactly what I intend to do. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生围绕“My Plan for Life”展开写作，阐述自己的理想生活图景以及实现人生规划的具体行动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 重要：matter→count 增强：strengthen→enhance 必不可少的：essential→indispensable 留出（时间）：set aside →spare 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I plan to keep playing the guitar, stay active through regular exercise, and set aside time for family and friends. 拓展句：My plan is to keep playing the guitar, stay active through regular exercise, and set aside time for family and friends. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I hope to become a biomedical researcher, contributing to the fight against diseases that still trouble millions.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语和that引导定语从句) 【高分句型2】To get there, my immediate plan is to strengthen my science foundation and improve my English so that I can keep up with cutting-edge research.(运用了不定式目的状语和表语以及so that引导目的状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 提示：本试卷包括第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分。考试时间100分钟。（请把答案写在答题纸上），祝同学们考试顺利！ 第一卷 选择题（共75分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the man arrive at the party? A. At 7:30. B At 8:00. C. At 8:30. 2. How does the man help the woman? A. By filling out the form for her. B. By telling her his personal information. C. By reading the information on the form. 3. What is the woman going to do? A. Pay for the shoes. B. Go to the shoe shop. C. Borrow money from the man. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B Doctor and patient. C. Classmates. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. What the man’s hobby is. B. Whether the man learned drawing. C. When the man went to high school. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Discussing their schedule. B. Packing for a journey. C. Deciding on a present. 7. What does Jacques like doing? A. Swimming. B. Playing basketball. C. Reading books on modern art. 8. What will the speakers most probably do next? A. Find a basketball. B. Leave home. C. Call a taxi. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至11小题。 9. When did the man’s boss call Jeff? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 10. Why didn’t Jeff come to the office on Tuesday? A. He was sick. B. He was off the day. C. He was working somewhere else. 11. How did Jeff explain the reason of his absence? A. By telephone. B. By letter. C. By e-mail. 听下面一段材料，回答第12至第15小题。 12. Why did the speaker go on the tour? A. It was the prize of a competition. B. John asked her to go with him. C. It was her travel plan. 13. What did the speaker dislike about the hotel? A. The drinks. B. The food. C. The waiters. 14. What did the speaker think of the trip to the museum? A. Disappointing. B. Amazing. C. Terrible. 15. Who stayed in the hotel in the second week? A. John. B. Lucy. C. John and Lucy. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 例：We feel ______ our duty to make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one 答案是A。 1. Paper-cutting, a folk art popular across China, ______ the hearts of art lovers worldwide ever since ancient times. A. won B. wins C. has won D. had won 2. A great number of ancient craftworks, as experts have pointed out, ________ carefully in the local museum all year round. A. protect B. are protected C. protected D. were protected 3. The master painter has created dozens of landscape paintings, some of ________ reflect the beauty of Chinese mountains and rivers perfectly. A. them B. which C. what D. whom 4. ________ the long history and rich culture behind calligraphy, more and more teenagers decide to learn it in their spare time. A. Realizing B. Realized C. To realize D. Having been realized 5. ________ proper training in traditional opera for years, the young performer gave an impressive show on the stage. A. Receiving B. Received C. Having received D. To receive 6. —I’d like to know if you’re satisfied with my work. How am I doing? —________. I believe you will be getting promotion. A. Never mind B. Help yourself C. Forget it D. Keep it up 7. —This is the worst food I’ve ever tasted. —______. I won’t eat here any more. A. You can say that again B. It’s up to you C. It’s out of the question D. That depends 8. It takes patience and wisdom to ________ the deep cultural meaning hidden in ancient poems to modern readers. A. get through B. get across C. get away D. get about 9. Many young bloggers ________ old folk tales and shoot short videos to carry forward traditional culture online. A. make up B. pick up C. take up D. turn up 10. You ________ push yourself to practise shadow puppetry day and night. You have mastered the basic skills already. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 11. Most people prefer sweet rice dumplings for Dragon Boat Festival, ________ a small number of locals stick to salty ones. A. because B. while C. unless D. since 12. The cloisonné (景泰蓝) works on show feature bright colours and ________ patterns, winning high praise from visitors. A. shallow B. distant C. elegant D. raw 13. Powered by advanced AI, robots can ________ tell people’s moods from their facial expressions now. A. exactly B. gradually C. mostly D. partly 14. Believe it or not, it is completely ________ me how ancient people built the Great Wall without modern machinery. A. across B. beside C. without D. beyond 15. Studying traditional culture can bring people a lasting ________, rather than just temporary joy. A. relief B. disappointment C. regret D. satisfaction 第二节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In the summer of my nineteenth year, I boarded a train from Xining to Lhasa, a journey of over twenty hours across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. I had read about the railway’s engineering marvels — the bridges, the tunnels, the way the tracks seemed to float above the frozen earth. But none of that ____16____ me for what I actually saw. The train left in the evening. By midnight, most passengers had fallen asleep. I stayed awake, my face ____17____ against the cold window, watching the moonlight on the snow-covered mountains. The landscape was unlike anything I had ____18____ before: vast, silent, and utterly indifferent to human presence. I felt small, but in a way that was strangely ____19____. Around dawn, a fellow passenger, an elderly Tibetan woman, ____20____ me a cup of butter tea from her thermos. I didn’t speak her language, and she didn’t speak mine. We communicated through ____21____ — smiles, nods, the simple act of sharing warmth. She pointed at the rising sun as it ____22____ the peaks one by one, and I understood. Some things need no translation. The train climbed higher. At Tanggula Pass, over 5,000 meters above sea level, a child sitting behind me began to cry, ____23____ by the thin air. His mother held him close, and the woman next to her — a stranger until that moment — ____24____ her own oxygen tube. It was a small gesture, but on that train, in that thin air, it felt _____25_____. What I remember most about that journey is not the mountains or the altitude. It is the _____26_____ between strangers that arose naturally, without effort. The train was not just a vehicle; it was a shared _____27_____ that brought people together in ways that daily life rarely does. In the years since, whenever I feel disconnected from the world, I think back to that train and the _____28_____ that existed among people who had nothing in common but the journey itself. We arrived in Lhasa at dusk. As I stepped onto the platform, the elderly Tibetan woman _____29_____ and put something into my hand: a small prayer flag. I still have it. It reminds me that the most _____30_____ moments in life are often the ones we never planned. 16. A. prepared B. thanked C. rewarded D. excused 17. A. supported B. pressed C. turned D. bent 18. A. experienced B. judged C. attempted D. accepted 19. A. lonely B. comforting C. alarming D. confusing 20. A. made B. poured C. offered D. returned 21. A. signs B. signals C. gestures D. sounds 22. A. covered B. hid C. removed D. lit 23. A. frightened B. affected C. surprised D. attracted 24. A. handed over B. put away C. picked up D. pointed at 25. A. costly B. enormous C. simple D. ordinary 26. A. conversation B. tension C. competition D. kindness 27. A. task B. goal C. lesson D. bond 28. A. hardship B. difference C. connection D. agreement 29. A. walked away B. gave up C. drew near D. held on 30. A. thrilling B. casual C. difficult D. meaningful 第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Research Proposal Submission Guide All student-led research projects need formal department approval before data collection can begin. This guide explains the procedure and rules for submitting your proposal. Submission Window Proposals are only accepted during the fall and spring cycles. The fall cycle runs from September 1st to October 15th, and the spring cycle from February 1st to March 15th. If your documents arrive outside these windows, the system will automatically reject them and they cannot be opened. There are no exceptions. What a Proposal Must Contain A complete package must include three separate parts, each of which the review committee will assess independently. First, a project statement that explains your research based on a review of existing studies and describes your method. Second, a timeline with clear, measurable milestones for the project period. Third, a cost breakdown showing that all expected expenses are necessary and reasonable. Packages that are incomplete or in the wrong order will be returned without being evaluated. File Naming Rules Every file you upload must follow this naming pattern: Surname_Initials_Component.pdf — for example, Chen_X_ProjectStatement.pdf. A file with a title that does not match this pattern or cannot be recognized will be treated as missing. It is your responsibility to double-check this before you finalize your submission. Review Standards The committee uses a standard scoring framework. The four weighted factors are: academic value (40%), soundness of design (30%), achievability (20%), and budget reasonableness (10%). The design score mainly reflects whether your research design is logically consistent. Proposals that rest on unverifiable assumptions or lack a clearly defined, measurable outcome will be scored poorly. After the Review Within four weeks of a cycle closing, the committee gives one of three decisions: approved, revisable, or declined. A “revisable” decision is time-sensitive — you have exactly 14 calendar days to upload a revised version that addresses all the committee’s concerns. 31. What happens to a proposal handed in on October 20th? A. It will be held for the next cycle. B. It will fail to clear the system’s check. C. It will be reviewed with a lower priority. D. It will be given a manual extension. 32. Which of the following aspects carries the least weight in deciding a proposal’s fate? A. Whether the money asked for makes sense. B. Whether the goals can be clearly measured. C. Whether the research design holds together logically. D. Whether the project is of high academic worth. 33. What must a student do upon receiving a “revisable” decision? A. Move forward with data collection while fixing the proposal. B. Reach out to committee members for individual guidance. C. Beat the clock and get the revised version back in two weeks. D. Challenge the committee’s concerns through a formal channel. B My mother, Elara, was a woman of few words but deep actions. She worked in the map room of the National Archives, a quiet place filled with the smell of old paper and ink. Growing up, I thought maps were fixed facts: a river always blue, a mountain forever brown. In my teenage world, everything was digital and instant — a phone voice told me where to turn in seconds. My mother’s skill of drawing by hand seemed beautiful but a waste of time, a fight against the efficiency I valued above all. The gap between us grew during those years. I saw her bent shoulders over a piece of special drawing paper not as love for her work, but as simply giving in to the past. I dreamed of building the digital platforms that would make her skills completely unnecessary. I believed progress meant throwing away the old, and in my teenage pride, I let her know it. My view began to change not through a sudden moment of understanding, but through small breakdowns. Once, a software update mistakenly moved a simple address three states away on my screen. Another time, a satellite system placed me, with total certainty, on the wrong side of a river. I started to notice what my mother’s maps kept that my computer programs did not: the feel of a landscape, the local names of forgotten paths, the small signs on the ground that guide a walker when the battery dies. Her maps didn’t just show locations; they told stories. One evening, I asked to see her latest project. It was a special map of the valley where she grew up, made for a hundred-year celebration. As her ink-stained finger traced the line of a stream, she said, “This is where we caught little fish. And here, this slight dip, is where the wild strawberries grew sweetest.” The map came alive with her memories, a richly detailed record of a life that no flying camera could capture. I realized her work was not about refusing the future; it was about offering a necessary different choice — a record not just of space, but of lived experience and feeling. The lifeless precision I valued could never match her art, which was a geography of belonging. 34. The phrase “giving in to the past” (Paragraph 2) suggests the author thought her mother ________. A. studied old ways of making maps carefully B. kept rare objects that she loved firmly C. stuck to things that were no longer useful D. considered learning new skills a waste of time 35. What brought about the change in the author’s opinion? A. The impact of a software upgrade going wrong. B. The uncertainty of human-machine communication. C. Unnecessary sudden changes to the operating platform. D. The unexpected failures of her own trusted digital technology. 36. Why does the writer talk about “the small signs on the ground” (Paragraph 3)? A. To show the maps include practical details unseen by flying cameras. B. To prove the maps are based on official survey data from government records. C. To explain the maps mainly focus on famous scenic spots. D. To tell readers the maps are designed for professional hikers and explorers. 37. What key viewpoint does the author intend to convey in the passage? A. Digital mapping tools won’t eventually replace all traditional skills. B. The true worth of a craft may lie not in its efficiency but in its human touch. C. Professional success requires abandoning new methods for old ones. D. People prefer the personal experiences of cartographers to map symbols. C In the late 1960s, behavioral researcher John B. Calhoun carried out a series of experiments that led to one of the most disturbing and surprising findings in behavioral science. He built “Universe 25”, a carefully prepared “mouse perfect-world” — a 2.7-meter-square enclosed space capable of supporting over 3,000 mice, with endless food, water, and nesting materials, kept perfectly clean and free of disease. Four pairs of healthy mice were placed inside. The early stage was marked by exploding population growth. But an unavoidable collapse, now called “behavioral sinking,” revealed a deep weakness that Calhoun argued was rooted in the very nature of social living itself. The downward slide was not set off by a lack of resources. Instead, it was a crisis of meaning. The perfect environment had removed the survival challenges that had long shaped mouse behavior. In the wild, mice must search for food, avoid hunters, and establish territories — activities that create a layered social structure and distribute behavioral roles. In Universe 25, every need was met within a perfectly functioning system, which broke down the physical and social distances that define a healthy community. The absence of necessity encouraged extreme crowding at certain feeding spots, even when identical, empty ones stood nearby. Calhoun observed that social interaction became a source of harm. Normal mating and mothering behaviors broke down. Male mice became withdrawn and depressed, or sickeningly aggressive, starting fights without purpose. A smaller group he named “the beautiful ones” appeared — clean, perfect-looking mice that spent their entire lives grooming, eating, and sleeping in separated corners, completely cut off from all group meeting, including reproducing. These individuals had an outward appearance of physical perfection, but had become utterly empty of purpose and social role. The physical breakdown came not from disease, but from a psychological and social collapse. Female mice stopped building nests and carrying their babies to full term. The young that were born were increasingly neglected and showed serious developmental problems. Eventually, the population settled at a level too low to sustain itself, dominated by the socially detached, and then died out entirely. While Calhoun’s direct conclusions about humans are rightly questioned, Universe 25 lives on as a story-like touchstone. It hints that a society’s ability to survive depends less on material plenty than on the protection of purpose, diverse social roles, and the need for meaningful, challenging engagement with the environment. 38. The phrase “behavioral sinking” (Paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to ________. A. a sudden explosion in population numbers B. a disease-driven drop in physical health C. a violent fight over limited feeding resources D. a social falling apart caused by the lack of meaningful challenges 39. How did “the beautiful ones” behave within the community? A. They turned extremely aggressive and guarded their own space. B. They continued all normal mating and child-raising activities. C. They tried to take charge and restore the group’s order. D. They isolated themselves and avoided any form of social contact. 40. What directly caused the physical collapse of the mouse society? A. A deadly virus that spread through the crowded population. B. The failure of parenting and reproductive behaviors. C. A genetic change that affected the mice’s ability to survive. D. The gradual loss of communicating and physical fighting skills. 41. What function does the last paragraph serve in the text? A. It points out the symbolic lesson the experiment offers for societies. B. It questions the scientific accuracy of Calhoun’s experimental methods. C. It provides a direct warning about the dangers of human overcrowding. D. It details the step-by-step process of the mouse community’s collapse. D We admire certainty. Leaders who speak with confidence, experts who offer clear answers, friends who seem sure of their path — these are the people we tend to trust and follow. Uncertainty, by contrast, is something most of us try to hide. We fear that admitting “I don’t know” will make us look weak or unprepared. But a growing number of thinkers argue that our uneasiness with uncertainty may be holding us back — and that learning to accept not knowing is an underappreciated skill. Research in decision-making shows that people who are at ease with uncertainty tend to arrive at better choices in complex situations. The reason is that they are more willing to gather information before reaching a conclusion, rather than rushing to an answer simply to escape the discomfort of doubt. In a series of studies, participants who scored higher on measures of “being okay with unclear situations” were found to take more time with difficult problems and to produce more creative solutions. They were also less likely to fall into common decision traps, such as sticking with a failing plan simply because they had already invested time in it. Uncertainty also plays a key part in scientific thinking. The scientific method is built on the recognition that current knowledge is always open to change. A good scientist does not claim to have final answers but instead holds theories lightly, ready to update them when new evidence appears. This intellectual humility — the willingness to say “I might be wrong” — is not a weakness in science; it is the engine of progress. In everyday life, however, admitting uncertainty can be difficult. Social media rewards quick, confident opinions, and there is often little room for the kind of careful, doubtful thinking that leads to deeper understanding. This creates a culture in which appearing certain matters more than being accurate. The result is that people often dig into fixed positions rather than explore questions. Learning to sit with uncertainty is not the same as being unable to decide. It is the ability to hold off on judgment until enough evidence is gathered. It is the willingness to live with questions that don’t yet have answers. In a complex world, this may be exactly what we need more of — not fewer confident answers, but more thoughtful questions. 42. What advantage do people who accept uncertainty have, according to the research? A. They make decisions in a much faster way. B. They are more likely to follow those in charge. C. They focus better and reach fully considered decisions. D. They feel less pressure in all aspects of daily life. 43. Why is uncertainty valuable in scientific thinking? A. It makes room for ideas to be questioned and improved. B. It allows scientists to stick with theories already proven to be true. C. It suggests scientific work can seldom produce trustworthy results. D. It encourages scientists to hold on to the explanations they know best. 44. What concern does the author raise about social media culture? A. It encourages users to form more thoughtful questions. B. It puts appearing sure before factual correctness. C. It leaves too much space for doubt and open discussion. D. It makes it easier for real experts to spread their knowledge. 45. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. The Power of Admitting I Don’t Know B. The Hidden Costs of Sounding Certain C. Why Uncertainty Is the Key to Success D. Why Scientists Value Doubt More Than Proof 第二卷 非选择题（共25分） 注意事项：1．请用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卷上。 2．本卷共6小题，满分25分。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Last winter, I stopped by a local convenience store to buy a bottle of hot drink after finishing my evening part-time job. The wind blew sharply outside, and my hands were already numb with cold. When I got to the checkout counter, I found an elderly man standing ahead of me. He wore an old worn coat and looked a little nervous. The man pulled out a few loose coins and counted them again and again. It was clear that he did not have enough money to pay for a small box of cookies and a cup of hot tea. He hesitated for a moment, then slowly put the cookies back on the shelf, keeping only the cheap hot tea. A faint look of disappointment crossed his face. Seeing this, I made a quick decision. I walked forward gently and told the cashier that I would pay for both his tea and the box of cookies. The elderly man looked up at me in surprise and kept saying thanks. I just smiled and told him not to worry about it. Before I left the store, he asked for my name, but I refused and waved goodbye. A week later, I went to the same store again. To my surprise, the cashier told me that the old man had come every day since that cold evening. He did not come to spend money. Instead, he just chatted with the staff, helped tidy up goods on shelves, and held the door open for other customers. He wanted to pass on the warmth he had received. This simple act became his daily routine and brought him steady joy. The cashier also said the man once mentioned that my small act of kindness had buoyed him greatly. He used to feel lonely and helpless, but that tiny favor made him realize there was still kindness around. Now I fully understand that kindness is never a one-way street. A simple good deed may seem insignificant to the giver, but it can light up someone’s whole world and create a chain of warmth. 46. What can we infer about the elderly man from his actions? (no more than 12 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. What did the elderly man do in the store later? (no more than 15 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. What is the main idea of the whole passage? (no more than 12 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 49. What do the underlined words in Paragraph 5 mean? (no more than 5 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 50. What do you think of the chain of kindness? Please give your reason. (no more than 25 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达（共1小题，满分15分） 51. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你校英文报“Youth Vision”正在举办题为“My Plan for Life”的征文活动，下面是一张刊登在校园网站上的征文启事，请你根据征文启事的内容，结合自己的实际情况，写一篇英文稿件。 My Plan for Life Everything needs a plan, and life is no exception. From daily routines and hobbies to academic goals and career paths, a good plan keeps us heading in the right direction. With the arrival of the AI era, the world is changing faster than ever before. What kind of life do you hope to lead? And how will you prepare yourself for it? Share with us: ◆ Your vision of an ideal life ◆ Your steps to turn it into reality All entries are welcome! Let your voice be heard. Deadline: July 30, 2026 Submit to: youthvision@chenguang.edu.cn 注意： （1）不得在文中出现真实姓名和学校名称； （2）词数不少于100； （3）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 My Plan for Life ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $